Blockchain Zhang Kaixiang
Three questions blockchain (economic hot spot)
recently, news about bitcoin is very eye-catching, and blockchain is on fire. In the capital market, the rise and fall of various blockchain concept stocks is like a roller coaster. It can be seen from the sensitive capital market that the blockchain is on the way and is highly concerned by all parties
"blockchain technology is essentially a kind of database technology, specifically a kind of ledger technology. The account book records the asset changes and transactions of one or more accounts. In fact, it is a kind of database with the simplest structure. The daily accounts we usually record in the small account book and the statements sent by the bank are typical account books. " Wang Jun, chief researcher of Tencent Financial technology think tank, said that security is a major feature of blockchain technology, which is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the distributed storage architecture. The more nodes there are, the higher the security of data storage is; The other is the ingenious design of tamper proof and decentralization, which makes it difficult for anyone to modify data without following the rules
take the online shopping transaction as an example, the traditional mode is that the buyer purchases the goods, and then sends the money to the intermediary platform of the third-party payment institution. After the seller delivers the goods and the buyer confirms the receipt, the buyer informs the payment institution to send the money to the seller's account. The transaction mode supported by blockchain technology is different. Buyers and sellers can trade directly without any intermediary platform. After the transaction between the buyer and the seller, the system publishes the transaction information in the form of broadcast, and all hosts receiving the information record the transaction after confirming that the information is correct, which means that all hosts have done data backup for the transaction. Even if a machine has problems in the future, it will not affect the data recording, because there are countless machines as backup
when it comes to blockchain, many people associate it with bitcoin, and many even equate blockchain with bitcoin. He Fei said that bitcoin is a way of presenting blockchain, but blockchain is not the same as bitcoin. Blockchain is the underlying technology and infrastructure of bitcoin, and bitcoin is a successful application of blockchain, but it does not mean that blockchain can only be applied to bitcoin
What is the use ofblockchain
can solve the pain points and difficulties in many fields such as finance, public welfare, supervision, anti-counterfeiting, but there are many applicable conditions
financial service is the first application field of blockchain technology. The application of blockchain technology can solve the pain points in payment, asset management, securities and other fields
taking the payment field as an example, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement among financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, is high, involving many manual processes, which not only leads to high costs for users and financial institutions' back-end business, but also makes it difficult to develop micro payment business. The application of blockchain technology helps to rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing efficiency of payment business. In addition, the cost and efficiency advantages brought by blockchain technology in the field of payment enable financial institutions to better handle the small cross-border payment which was considered unrealistic e to high cost in the past, and contribute to the realization of Inclusive Finance
for example, in order to solve the problem of high reconciliation cost among financial institutions, in August 2016, Weizhong bank and Shanghai Huarui Bank launched the inter agency reconciliation platform of micro loan, which is also the first application scenario of banking alliance chain running in the proction environment in China. Zhang Kaixiang, chief architect of Weizhong bank's blockchain, believes that the high cost problem that the traditional "batch file reconciliation" model has failed to solve for a long time is exactly where blockchain technology can be used. Subsequently, Bank of Luoyang and Bank of Changsha have also been connected to the inter agency reconciliation platform. Through the blockchain technology, the inter agency reconciliation process in the micro loan business has been optimized, achieving the goals of quasi real-time reconciliation, improving operation efficiency and recing operation cost. Up to now, the platform has been running stably for more than one year, with zero failure, and the number of real transactions recorded has reached tens of millions
in the field of public welfare, blockchain technology is also promising. The first application scenario of ant financial services involving blockchain is public welfare, which helps a group of hearing-impaired children get a donation, and then uses blockchain technology to promote public welfare to be more open and transparent. Hu Danqing, senior proct expert of ant financial services technology laboratory, said: "the blockchain public welfare platform is like a post office dedicated to mailing funds on the Internet. Every sum of money donated by users will be packaged into a package, which will be delivered through the blockchain platform. Every node we pass through will be stamped with a postmark and finally delivered to the recipient. This can ensure that every sum of money donated by users is transparent, traceable and difficult to tamper with. "
blockchain technology can be used to crack down on counterfeit goods. Hu Danqing introced that ant financial services has applied blockchain technology to the traceability of authentic procts. At present, some seafood procts from Australia and New Zealand, such as milk powder, are swept away with Alipay, so they can know if they are genuine procts. Different from previous businesses' self input of commodity information, blockchain allows multiple "bookkeepers" to complete bookkeeping fairly, independently and non repudiately. "
for financial supervision, blockchain technology can also play a role. According to the white paper of FISCO bcos, the underlying platform of financial blockchain, issued by the financial blockchain cooperation alliance (Shenzhen) in 2017, blockchain provides consistent and easy to audit data for financial regulators. Through the data analysis of inter agency blockchain, it can supervise financial business faster and more accurately than the traditional audit process. For example, in the anti money laundering scenario, the balance and transaction records of each account are traceable, and any link of any transaction will not be separated from the regulatory line of sight, which will greatly improve the anti money laundering efforts
some people in the instry believe that blockchain 1.0 is mainly aimed at digital currency; Blockchain 2.0 aims at smart contracts and can be applied in financial markets; Blockchain 3.0 will apply to more scenarios, and even create a "blockchain era"
He Fei believes that blockchain can indeed solve the pain points and difficulties in many fields, but blockchain is not omnipotent and has many applicable conditions
for example, the decentralization of blockchain technology is suitable for multi-party participation scenarios, and if it is only unilateral or bilateral participation, the value is not great. Due to the need for each node to check, blockchain technology is not suitable for those high-frequency trading activities
for another example, blockchain emphasizes openness and transparency, which is not suitable for scenarios with high data privacy requirements
will blockchain become a new outlet
technology is not yet mature enough. We must be alert to the concept of speculation. In particular, we should distinguish between technological innovation or fund-raising innovation. We can not block the chain chain concept of
block chain so that we will not become a "Internet plus". p>
in recent years, the development ecology of blockchain has been graally improved and enriched. Instry insiders believe that with national policy support, extensive attention and financial support, blockchain technology can achieve graal and stable progress. Although the prospect of blockchain technology is broad, we should also keep an ordinary mind
"despite the current blockchain craze, we still believe that it is still in a very early stage." Hu Danqing said that at present, there is a virtual heat in the concept of blockchain. Instead of using technology to solve practical problems, it is hot to raise money and speculate on valuation. In particular, most of the so-called ICO (initial token issuance) that are hot are innovation of fund-raising tools, which has nothing to do with technological innovation
blockchain technology can indeed create great value, but some risks can not be ignored
"blockchain technology is not very mature, and its application scenarios are relatively limited, so we should be more alert to the concept of capital market speculation." He Fei said that behind the blockchain boom, there will inevitably be some companies that want to speculate. They do not really carry out business, but just try to make a profit in the capital market. They should be careful to prevent the emergence of "bad money drives out good money", which will lead to the withdrawal of institutions that really want to carry out business from the market and affect the application of blockchain technology
Hu Danqing suggested that for the current blockchain craze, regulatory authorities should be more active in intervening, distinguish between technological innovation and fund-raising innovation, encourage government organizations, credible experts and instry participants to help the public identify, comprehensively curb fund-raising innovation in the name of blockchain, and let the actual controller of ICO bear responsibility for fund-raising behavior“ The basis for judging whether it is technological innovation or fund-raising innovation is actually very clear, that is, whether it starts with trust and whether it creates practical value by solving the trust problem. "
in order to better promote and use blockchain technology in the future, we need to continue to improve the infrastructure and strengthen the formulation of relevant laws and policies
Wang Jun believes that there is still room for optimization and improvement of core technologies of blockchain such as consensus algorithm; On the other hand, the processing efficiency of blockchain is difficult to meet the requirements of some high-frequency application environments in reality. At present, the mainstream blockchain technology platforms are originated in foreign countries. Domestic blockchain technology service providers should patiently start from the bottom development, achieve independent and controllable technology, and strive to lead the development of global blockchain technology. Enterprises with blockchain application scenarios should actively embrace new things and scientifically evaluate the demand for blockchain, instead of blockchain for the sake of blockchainHe Fei believes that the government can issue relevant policies to guide the enterprises who are interested in the R & D and application of blockchain technology, and at the same time, clarify some suitable application scenarios of blockchain and areas encouraged by the state
the white paper 2016 on the development of China's blockchain technology and application suggests that government departments at all levels should learn from the advanced practices of developed countries and regions and, in combination with the development of China's blockchain technology and application, timely issue support policies for blockchain technology and instrial development, focusing on supporting key technology tackling, major demonstration projects, the construction of "innovation and entrepreneurship" platform, and the development of China's blockchain technology and application System solution development and public service platform construction. At the same time, it is suggested that domestic key enterprises, scientific research institutions, universities and user units should strengthen cooperation to speed up the research of core key technologies such as consensus mechanism, programmable contract, distributed storage and digital signature
can bring money to the enterprise will become the outlet
- original title: market analysis of China's blockchain instry in 2019: enabling various instries to accelerate the application landing, there will be two opportunities for future applications
2019 - blockchain "mainstream application year"
since August 2018, the electronic invoice of blockchain was issued for the first time in Shenzhen. So far, it has issued more than 6 million electronic invoices, with an amount of 4 billion yuan, and has access to more than 5300 enterprises, Covering more than 110 detailed instries. In addition to the field of electronic invoice, blockchain has also been successfully implemented in many project scenarios, such as supply chain finance, legal deposit, cross-border payment, etc.
at the recent "thousands of people watching fire" conference of blockchain instry, the reporter of economic daily learned that in 2019, the technology implementation and application has brought blockchain into the "mainstream application year". On the one hand, many Internet giants have a solid technical foundation, on the other hand, they actively explore more valuable scenarios to find development opportunities in the enabling real economy
"blockchain technology can play the role of anchoring, sharing and increasing trust in the whole social information flow, making the chaotic information credible. Compared with the past, this is a" qualitative leap. " Zhang Kaixiang, chief architect of Weizhong bank's blockchain, said, "risk control and business rules design based on trusted data can improve efficiency, rece risks and rece operating costs." He pointed out that as a connector, it is not meaningful for a single enterprise to operate the blockchain, and it is more meaningful to share it as an open source solution to realize the ecological co construction of the instry
"we have been exploring and practicing open source, starting from the underlying technology platform and combining with the scenes of finance, instry, Internet of things, culture and entertainment, to jointly build an open, transparent and efficient technology and instrial community. Open source ecology helps to activate the creativity of the instry. We will continue to start from the open source community and improve a complete set of systems such as system construction and skills training, so as to benefit more people. "
in 2019, the market scale of China's blockchain instry will exceed 100 million yuan
China's blockchain instry is still in its infancy, but with the continuous support of national policies, the continuous progress of instry technology and the increasing demand of downstream application fields, China's blockchain instry is expected to continue to maintain high-speed growth. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, the market scale of China's blockchain instry was less than 6 million yuan in 2011, and the market scale of China's blockchain instry increased by 32 million yuan by 2017, By 2018, the market scale of China's blockchain instry has reached 67 million yuan, always maintaining a rapid growth rate of more than 80%. It is predicted that the market scale of China's blockchain instry will exceed 100 million yuan in 2019, and that in 2022, driven by policy support and downstream demand, the market scale of China's blockchain instry is expected to exceed 450 million yuan
market size statistics and growth forecast of China's blockchain instry from 2015 to 2022
data source: the audited enterprise asset confirmation, registration and circulation records, etc., sorted out by foresight Instry Research Institute, are stored on the platform in the form of traceability. Based on this, banks can carry out fast financing and loan business, save the cost of guarantee and other links, greatly improve the efficiency, and make the risk of financing and loan controllable as a whole
electronic data storage is an important application field of blockchain technology.
the provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the trial of cases by Internet courts, which came into effect in September 2018, clearly states that electronic data storage can be solved by blockchain and other technical means. Xiang Dan, vice president of bibox digital asset trading platform, said that electronic data deposit is an important application field of blockchain technology“ Blockchain technology has the characteristics of preventing tampering, leaving traces in the event, post audit and security protection, which is concive to improving the credibility and authenticity of electronic evidence. The combination of blockchain and electronic data storage can rece the cost of electronic data storage, improve judicial efficiency and enable judicial business. For example, the contract management based on blockchain has been applied in many Internet courts. "
according to Zhou Jianrui, co founder of coinword, a trusted content community, the application of electronic data storage based on blockchain can also help deepen the reform of "release management and service" and improve administrative efficiency. In Beijing Haidian District and other pilot areas, blockchain technology is playing the role of efficient data sharing, secure transmission and credit support. When applied in the field of government affairs, it can realize real-time data sharing of various departments and effectively assist window personnel and examination and approval personnel to quickly verify the authenticity of materials. For example, the public security, civil affairs, housing management and other departments "on the chain", in dealing with real estate transactions can be fast and accurate, "one key" verification of multi-party information, greatly saving social costs
there will be two opportunities for the application of blockchain
because the social recognition of blockchain is not high, the people who understand and use blockchain are still very limited, and the penetration of blockchain into the real economy still needs a graal process. " Yuan Yuming, CEO of fire coin China, introced that they used the open, transparent and tamper proof characteristics of blockchain to explore a new path of art traceability and anti-counterfeiting by means of high-precision full pixel scanning and archiving; By constructing the trust mechanism in the multi-party cooperation scenario, the integral information platform for multi-party participation and resource sharing is developed“ Next, there will be two opportunities for blockchain application:
one is training. With the entry of enterprise giants one after another and the continuous penetration of the real instry, more people will learn about blockchain through training, which will become a new market demand
the second is to provide consulting and technical solutions to more traditional enterprises to help them penetrate the blockchain into more traditional fields and promote the consumption rection, efficiency enhancement, transformation and upgrading of the real instry. "