Position: Home page » Blockchain » Core concepts and principles of blockchain Technology
Core concepts and principles of blockchain Technology
Publish: 2021-04-25 05:16:01
1. blockchain does not belong to any instry. Blockchain is a new application mode of computer technology, such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and so on. In a narrow sense, blockchain is a kind of chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential way according to the time sequence, and it is a distributed account book that can not be tampered with and forged by means of cryptography.
2. First of all, we can take a look at the official website explanation of blockchain technology. In a narrow sense, blockchain is a kind of chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential way according to the time sequence, and it is a distributed account book that can not be tampered with and forged by means of cryptography
broadly speaking, blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm, which uses blockchain data structure to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses intelligent contract composed of automated script code to program and operate data
as we all know, blockchain technology is an independent underlying architecture from bitcoin system. From the perspective of architecture model, it is a set of distributed ledger, which is naturally used for bookkeeping
in the blockchain technology, if you want to generate accounting records, you need to have the transaction and flow of funds. Therefore, in the initial blockchain technology, the cryptocurrency corresponding to the main network is used as circulation goods, and the circulation transaction records of cryptocurrency between the accounts of the main network of the blockchain will be recorded on the main network
different from other transaction record databases, transaction records on the main network of blockchain technology will be recorded on all block nodes (i.e. all data blocks) in the main network, which is the so-called decentralization principle. That is to say, in blockchain technology, there is no central database to store all records, Every block on the chain has the transaction data of the whole chain, that is to say, every data block is the center
another feature of blockchain technology is that it can't be tampered with, because every transaction on the blockchain will be recorded in all blocks on the chain, so no single data block can change the record. Even if you change it, all other data blocks will also record real data, and each group of data can be traced back to the first time
because of these characteristics of blockchain technology, after the advent of bitcoin, blockchain has also attracted a lot of attention, and many people also began to want to use blockchain technology to make a centerless, traceable and unchangeable data, so as to ensure the credibility of the data
however, blockchain technology also faces many problems, such as single application scenario, non modifiable original error data, non recoverable currency stolen by hackers, etc.
broadly speaking, blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm, which uses blockchain data structure to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses intelligent contract composed of automated script code to program and operate data
as we all know, blockchain technology is an independent underlying architecture from bitcoin system. From the perspective of architecture model, it is a set of distributed ledger, which is naturally used for bookkeeping
in the blockchain technology, if you want to generate accounting records, you need to have the transaction and flow of funds. Therefore, in the initial blockchain technology, the cryptocurrency corresponding to the main network is used as circulation goods, and the circulation transaction records of cryptocurrency between the accounts of the main network of the blockchain will be recorded on the main network
different from other transaction record databases, transaction records on the main network of blockchain technology will be recorded on all block nodes (i.e. all data blocks) in the main network, which is the so-called decentralization principle. That is to say, in blockchain technology, there is no central database to store all records, Every block on the chain has the transaction data of the whole chain, that is to say, every data block is the center
another feature of blockchain technology is that it can't be tampered with, because every transaction on the blockchain will be recorded in all blocks on the chain, so no single data block can change the record. Even if you change it, all other data blocks will also record real data, and each group of data can be traced back to the first time
because of these characteristics of blockchain technology, after the advent of bitcoin, blockchain has also attracted a lot of attention, and many people also began to want to use blockchain technology to make a centerless, traceable and unchangeable data, so as to ensure the credibility of the data
however, blockchain technology also faces many problems, such as single application scenario, non modifiable original error data, non recoverable currency stolen by hackers, etc.
3.
From the perspective of technology and architecture, I will tell you my understanding of blockchain in common language
what is blockchain? In a word, blockchain is a storage system. To be more specific, blockchain is a distributed storage system without an administrator and each node has all the data
What are the common storage systems like
first, how to ensure high availability
the common storage system usually uses "rendancy" to solve the problem of high availability. As shown in the figure above, if the data can be copied into several copies and rendant to multiple places, high availability can be guaranteed. The data in one place is hung, and there is data in other places. For example, the master-slave cluster of MySQL is the same principle, and the raid of disk is also the same principle
two points need to be emphasized in this place are: data rendancy often leads to consistency problems
1. For example, in the master-slave cluster of MySQL, there is actually a delay in reading and writing, which means there is a inconsistency in reading and writing in a short period of time. This is a side effect of data rendancy
The second point is that data rendancy often reces the efficiency of writing, because data synchronization also consumes resources. If you add two slave libraries, the write efficiency will be affected. The common storage system is to use rendancy to ensure the high availability of dataso the second question, ordinary storage system, can write more
the answer is yes, for example, take this graph as an example:
in fact, MySQL can do a master-slave synchronization of al masters, master-slave synchronization of al masters, two nodes can be written at the same time. If you want to do a multi room multi live data center, in fact, multi room multi live data synchronization. What we should emphasize here is that multi-point writing often leads to the consistency problem of writing conflicts. Take MySQL as an example, suppose that the attribute of a table is self incrementing ID, then the data in the database is 1234 now. If one of the nodes writes and inserts a piece of data, it may become 5, and then these 5 pieces of data are synchronized to another master node, Before synchronization, if another write node inserts a piece of data, a piece of data with self incrementing ID of 5 will be generated. Then, after the generation, synchronize to another node, and the synchronized data will conflict with the two local 5's after it arrives, which will lead to synchronization failure and write consistency conflict. This problem will occur in the case of multi-point writing
how to ensure consistency in multi-point writing
the reform "Swan class" gives you more technical work
4. In essence, blockchain is a distributed database system with cryptography technology, multi-party participation, common maintenance and continuous growth, also known as distributed shared ledger. Each account page in the shared ledger is a block, and each block is full of transaction records. The blocks are connected closely, forming a chain structure; If you don't understand this area, I suggest you learn the basic knowledge from Xuan, Ling, network and company! At present, there are few people who really understand technology and business. Many people follow suit and learn. They are not clear about the definition of blockchain, so they start to attack the blockchain field. Some of them are learning technology, and some of them choose to invest in the blockchain market
5. Blockchain is a decentralized ledger, which can keep the actual records of all transactions. For example, when using this technology to manage remittances, the ledger looks like a bank statement, recording information such as amount, date, sender and recipient. The data structure contains encryption technology, which allows each member of the network to manage the ledger safely without centralized execution. The lack of central authority in the system is one of the most influential innovations in blockchain technology
once the information is recorded in the blockchain, it will become permanent and impossible to change or delete. If a user wants to create a new entry (called a block) to the ledger, other users in the network must verify the information they propose to add. Each computer on the network (called a "node") compares the submitted information with the existing ledger. If most nodes can verify the accuracy of the new block of information, it is allowed to become a permanent part of the ledger. Because the blockchain network is composed of computers in multiple locations, even if a certain network is destroyed, the security of the whole data will not be affected
to understand the working principle of blockchain technology, we must first know the data type of each block in Dimon. Except for transaction data, all blocks contain digital fingerprints called hashes. Each unique hash is generated based on the information within the block, so if the data is changed in any way, the hash will change automatically. This cryptography is the key to decentralized authority of blockchain. The new block also contains the imprint of the hash assigned to the previous block and the chain of entries being audited. If the user attempts to tamper with the block data, the hash cannot be authenticated and the entry is rejected.
once the information is recorded in the blockchain, it will become permanent and impossible to change or delete. If a user wants to create a new entry (called a block) to the ledger, other users in the network must verify the information they propose to add. Each computer on the network (called a "node") compares the submitted information with the existing ledger. If most nodes can verify the accuracy of the new block of information, it is allowed to become a permanent part of the ledger. Because the blockchain network is composed of computers in multiple locations, even if a certain network is destroyed, the security of the whole data will not be affected
to understand the working principle of blockchain technology, we must first know the data type of each block in Dimon. Except for transaction data, all blocks contain digital fingerprints called hashes. Each unique hash is generated based on the information within the block, so if the data is changed in any way, the hash will change automatically. This cryptography is the key to decentralized authority of blockchain. The new block also contains the imprint of the hash assigned to the previous block and the chain of entries being audited. If the user attempts to tamper with the block data, the hash cannot be authenticated and the entry is rejected.
6. The application of blockchain technology in life has just started, but the changes it brings are very huge. This kind of change comes from all aspects, and will have an important impact on our ordinary people's lives
"now the college entrance examination is a lifetime, but if we use the form of blockchain, we can record all the learning records and extracurricular activities of a child from the age of six to the college entrance examination. So the examiners of the college entrance examination don't need to pass an exam or an interview to decide the selection of talents. They can decide what kind of talents they want through all their records. "
about the application of blockchain technology, Qin Yi, partner of Deloitte global financial services, said when introcing it to Jinping media
as for blockchain, more explanations in China still stay at the conceptual level, and there is no really large-scale popular application in China, so we have to say that blockchain still keeps a certain distance from the public. In this interview, I believe it can help you have a deeper understanding of blockchain
blockchain is disintermediation
blockchain, and many explanations are decentralization. Different from the general explanation. "It's not decentralization, it's disintermediation," says Qin
because data is distributed in a distributed way, there is a strong security mechanism in it. Qin Yi said: "because no matter which server is serving, the entire data storage is not easy to detect. But most importantly, because of the reliability of the data, we don't need an intermediary to prove who you are, but rely on a record that we can trust each other to promote any transaction in our life
in her opinion, blockchain is actually a database, but when storing data, it has its own characteristics, such as security, integrity, authenticity, non tamperability, etc
for this technology, Qin Yi concluded: such technology will bring earth shaking changes to life
how to embody the commercial value
compared with foreign blockchain technology, domestic blockchain technology is still in a stage of popularization and cognition. What kind of business value will the future blockchain bring us? Looking at the progress abroad, maybe you can see some possibilities
"two weeks ago (on April 20), Bank of Ireland and Deloitte jointly issued a statement. Three months ago, Ireland's International Investment Banking Department asked Deloitte to help design and track the investment behavior of its clients. Strengthen the understanding of customers. In order to meet the regulatory requirements of Europe, they have successfully completed the validation model through the efforts of the past three months. "
a Deloitte executive also said that if this technology can be applied, it will greatly rece the transaction costs of the instry
Deloitte also published a report in 2016, saying that 2016 will be the first year for blockchain to move from laboratory to real life. Bubi (Beijing) Network Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Bubi) is a leading blockchain technology service provider in China. Since its establishment, Bubi has been focusing on the R & D and innovation of blockchain technology and procts. It has a number of core technologies, and has made substantial innovation in many aspects, forming a number of core technology achievements, such as mathematically proven distributed consensus technology, distributed consensus technology, and so on Fast large-scale account book access technology, multi chain general ledger technology supporting business form expansion, interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains, etc. We have developed our own blockchain basic service platform, which has been applied in equity, supply chain, credit and other fields. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with the core of decentralized (polycentric) trust, so that digital assets can flow freely
with the in-depth development of many companies, the effect of blockchain technology on the life of ordinary people is becoming more and more obvious.
"now the college entrance examination is a lifetime, but if we use the form of blockchain, we can record all the learning records and extracurricular activities of a child from the age of six to the college entrance examination. So the examiners of the college entrance examination don't need to pass an exam or an interview to decide the selection of talents. They can decide what kind of talents they want through all their records. "
about the application of blockchain technology, Qin Yi, partner of Deloitte global financial services, said when introcing it to Jinping media
as for blockchain, more explanations in China still stay at the conceptual level, and there is no really large-scale popular application in China, so we have to say that blockchain still keeps a certain distance from the public. In this interview, I believe it can help you have a deeper understanding of blockchain
blockchain is disintermediation
blockchain, and many explanations are decentralization. Different from the general explanation. "It's not decentralization, it's disintermediation," says Qin
because data is distributed in a distributed way, there is a strong security mechanism in it. Qin Yi said: "because no matter which server is serving, the entire data storage is not easy to detect. But most importantly, because of the reliability of the data, we don't need an intermediary to prove who you are, but rely on a record that we can trust each other to promote any transaction in our life
in her opinion, blockchain is actually a database, but when storing data, it has its own characteristics, such as security, integrity, authenticity, non tamperability, etc
for this technology, Qin Yi concluded: such technology will bring earth shaking changes to life
how to embody the commercial value
compared with foreign blockchain technology, domestic blockchain technology is still in a stage of popularization and cognition. What kind of business value will the future blockchain bring us? Looking at the progress abroad, maybe you can see some possibilities
"two weeks ago (on April 20), Bank of Ireland and Deloitte jointly issued a statement. Three months ago, Ireland's International Investment Banking Department asked Deloitte to help design and track the investment behavior of its clients. Strengthen the understanding of customers. In order to meet the regulatory requirements of Europe, they have successfully completed the validation model through the efforts of the past three months. "
a Deloitte executive also said that if this technology can be applied, it will greatly rece the transaction costs of the instry
Deloitte also published a report in 2016, saying that 2016 will be the first year for blockchain to move from laboratory to real life. Bubi (Beijing) Network Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Bubi) is a leading blockchain technology service provider in China. Since its establishment, Bubi has been focusing on the R & D and innovation of blockchain technology and procts. It has a number of core technologies, and has made substantial innovation in many aspects, forming a number of core technology achievements, such as mathematically proven distributed consensus technology, distributed consensus technology, and so on Fast large-scale account book access technology, multi chain general ledger technology supporting business form expansion, interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains, etc. We have developed our own blockchain basic service platform, which has been applied in equity, supply chain, credit and other fields. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with the core of decentralized (polycentric) trust, so that digital assets can flow freely
with the in-depth development of many companies, the effect of blockchain technology on the life of ordinary people is becoming more and more obvious.
Hot content