How many blockchain public chains are there

1.

In the past, when it comes to blockchain, we always think of foreign procts, such as Ethereum. But when I talk about this topic today, I think more about China's own blockchain technology

at present, the mature application of blockchain technology is more concentrated in some public chain projects, because many application projects need to be developed based on this, so I think the current global landing direction is public chain projects, and it is still too early to talk about maturity. After all, bitcoin and Ethereum are still blocked, and many old problems have not been solved, There will be many new problems. The well-known ones are Biyuan chain, ulord (the project is abroad, but the technical party provides it in the domestic company, Hunan Tianhe Guoyun Co., Ltd.), quantum chain, Xiaoyi Neo, gongxinbao, etc

ulord is a point-to-point value delivery public chain. By building the underlying architecture of blockchain and digital resource distribution protocol, it supports third-party developers to build their own applications on top of their open source protocol, and works with many instry partners to build a complete ecosystem of blockchain technology and applications

based on various rules and protocols created by ulord, it is convenient to graft various digital resource application scenarios including text, pictures, music, video, software, etc., providing a direct docking platform for information creators and consumers. Third party developers can build their own economic system in ulord, or focus on building all kinds of applications around ulord, and use the ulordtoken in ulord as the voucher in the system

for example, an experience sharing platform can be built on ulord, where the experience sharers price the published experience, and the people who obtain the experience information trade on the platform, and each fee paid to the experience sharers will arrive at the account immediately; Proct promoters can publish ads on ulord, price ads, and people who are interested in ads can get certain profits by clicking on ads. The first mock exam is to separate information from the past, and to use platform or other centralized organizations to spread profit. This mode eliminates intermediate links, and information providers and consumers directly connect with Ulord, which ensures the maximization of the interests of the originator. p>

2. Zilliqa is positioned as the bottom public chain, and its core competitiveness is to greatly improve the throughput of TPS (i.e. transaction processing speed) through fragmentation technology. In the latest experiment, the processing capacity of zilliqa test network reaches 2488 TPS, which is more than 100 times of Ethereum's maximum speed of 20 TPS and 355 times of bitcoin! Through fragmentation technology, when the number of nodes in the network is more, the transaction processing speed will be higher. When the number of nodes reaches tens of thousands, the transaction speed will hopefully reach the speed of visa, a centralized organization
zilliqa project's token name is ZIL, which has been circulated and traded on 23 exchanges. Mainstream exchanges such as fire coin and coin an support it, so it is very convenient to participate. ZIL's maximum supply is 21 billion, of which 12.6 billion will be released directly through contracts, and the other 8.4 billion will be released in the form of mining awards within 10 years
the main network of zilliqa will be launched at the end of 2018 or the beginning of 2019, and the mining reward is rich, especially in the early stage. The electric power cost of zilliqa mining is only 1 / 9 of that of Ethereum, so it is more feasible with less energy consumption. In addition, mining can be carried out through GPU graphics card miner, and can simultaneously double dig ZIL and eth, bringing higher benefits for miners
pay attention to "zilliqacn" to learn more about the progress of the project.

3.

Public chain, also known as "public chain", refers to the blockchain that anyone in the world can enter the system at any time to read data, send confirmatory transactions and compete for bookkeeping. The public chain is generally considered to be "completely decentralized", because no indivial or institution can control or tamper with the reading and writing of data in it. In terms of application, blockchain public chain mainly includes bitcoin, Ethereum, super ledger, most counterfeit currencies and smart contracts. The ancestor of blockchain public chain is bitcoin blockchain, which has the following characteristics:

1, open source code

upload the code to GitHub, and everyone can get complete blockchain data by downloading, Accept the test of the public

2, complete decentralization

anyone can become a node, each node is open, everyone can participate in the calculation of the blockchain, any node is not permanent, but phased, and any center is not mandatory for nodes. Anyone can read and send transactions, and transactions can be effectively confirmed on the blockchain. Anyone can participate in the consensus process. The consensus process determines whether a block can be added to the blockchain and the exact current state. Everyone can get financial reward from it, which is proportional to their contribution to the consensus process. These public chains are generally considered to be "completely decentralized"

3. Developing decentralized applications

through this public chain, developers can easily develop centralized applications. Public chain can protect the rights and interests of users from the influence of program developers

4. At present, the mature application of blockchain technology is more concentrated in some public chain projects, because many application projects need to be developed based on this, so I think public chain projects are one of the major landing directions in the world. It's still too early to talk about maturity. After all, bitcoin and Ethereum are still blocked, and many old problems have not been solved, There will be many new problems. The well-known ones are Biyuan chain, ulord (the project is abroad, but the technical party provides it in the domestic company, Hunan Tianhe Guoyun Co., Ltd.), quantum chain, Xiaoyi Neo, gongxinbao, etc.

5. The public chain, as the name suggests, has great inclusiveness and fairness. The better the public chain project does in these two aspects, the more prominent it will be. At present, many public chains sacrifice fairness in order to speed up the transaction, which is not optimistic. There is a project called Fanta network. Their DSC technology claims to be safe, democratic and fair, which deserves long-term attention. However, their code will not be open source until the end of the year, and the progress needs to be accelerated

6.

Blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies. Blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of information about bitcoin network transactions, Used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block

if such technology wants to be put into application, the biggest problem is the "Impossible Triangle problem"

that is, scalability, decentralization and security cannot be achieved at the same time, and only two of them can be achieved

most of the existing public chain projects in the market are difficult to put into use on a large scale

7. At present, there are three application deployment types of blockchain: public chain, private chain and alliance chain. What's the difference between them? What are the typical applications<

public chain: open to all, anyone can participate

private chain: open to indivial indivials or entities

alliance chain: open to specific organizations

8. Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security problems of transactions, so it proposes four technological innovations to solve this problem:
(1) distributed ledger, that is, transaction bookkeeping is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records complete accounts, so they can participate in monitoring the legitimacy of transactions, At the same time, they can testify together
different from traditional distributed storage, the uniqueness of distributed storage of blockchain is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is that each node of blockchain stores complete data according to block chain structure, while traditional distributed storage generally stores data in multiple copies according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has the same status, which relies on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while the traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data from the central node to other backup nodes[ 8]
no single node can record the account data separately, so as to avoid the possibility that a single bookkeeper is controlled or bribed to record false accounts. In theory, unless all the nodes are destroyed, the accounts will not be lost, so as to ensure the security of the account data
(2) asymmetric encryption and authorization technology, the transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but the account identity information is highly encrypted, which can only be accessed under the authorization of the data owner, thus ensuring the data security and personal privacy
(3) consensus mechanism is how to reach a consensus among all accounting nodes to determine the validity of a record, which is not only a means of identification, but also a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and achieve a balance between efficiency and security
the consensus mechanism of blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority is subordinate to the majority" and "everyone is equal", in which "the minority is subordinate to the majority" does not completely refer to the number of nodes, but also can be the computing power, the number of shares or other characteristics that can be compared by computers“ "Everyone is equal" means that when the nodes meet the conditions, all nodes have the right to put forward the consensus results first, and then directly recognized by other nodes, and finally may become the final consensus results. Taking bitcoin as an example, the workload proof is adopted. Only when more than 51% of the accounting nodes in the whole network are controlled can a nonexistent record be forged. When there are enough nodes in the blockchain, this is basically impossible, thus eliminating the possibility of fraud.
(4) smart contract, which is based on these trusted and tamperable data, can automatically execute some pre-defined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and reliable, it is easy to carry out automatic claim settlement in some standardized insurance procts

9. Xiaoyi blockchain, laikelib and many others seem to be very successful.

10. Before October 2018, it seems that the fastest one is REBO, next to EOS. After October, these public chains are basically silent in terms of speed, because bitconch of Baker chain has achieved 120000 TPS Based on many technical advantages, which makes it possible for applications to land. Therefore, the world's fastest public chain is the world's fastest public chain, which can be said to be the leader.