How to apply blockchain tax
Five aspects of blockchain instry growth potential promote the healthy development of Technology Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet
some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries
the development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract
statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year
according to the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the proportion of investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) is more than 95%, with the joint investment of many instry pioneers, and most enterprises are still running around
statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018
data source: China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields
five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, promote the high-quality development of digital economy
1, in-depth study and grasp the development trend of blockchain technology and instry. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment
2. Strengthen the construction of core technology capacity of blockchain
establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain
3. Support entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain
encourage cross-border integration between blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out evaluation and detection of blockchain services, promote rich instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy
4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system
accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power"
5. Accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development
support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professional talents needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises
the instrial scale is small, but the growth potential is huge
the blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that from 2017 to 2022, the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of 79.6%. It is estimated that all kinds of extended business based on blockchain will reach US $100 billion in 2020
instry application areas continue to expand
the financial instry takes the lead in the application of blockchain technology, and many financial applications have been implemented; Medical instry is an important area of blockchain application, which can better protect privacy, improve service quality and management efficiency; The demand of social authentication for blockchain is rising rapidly to solve the proof problem caused by information asymmetry; The application of blockchain technology in communication, supply chain and other fields is expanding rapidly
blockchain technology has the following four ways to make money:
1. Hardware and infrastructure. A typical one is mining machinery proction and distribution chain, where you can make money by buying mining machinery and digging
2. The underlying platform of blockchain and common technologies, such as Ethereum and other public chains, and the privacy protocol nucypher, where you can make money by investing in its token, building applications on the chain, and providing services for users
3. Various vertical applications, such as supply chain traceability and Finance Based on blockchain, right confirmation and trading, can be used or invested to make money
Service facilities, such as digital asset exchange and wallet, media procts, etc., you can make money by making your own exchange
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type of blockchain
1. Public blockchain
refers to: any indivial or group in the world can send transactions, and the transactions can be effectively confirmed by the blockchain, Anyone can participate in its consensus process
public blockchain is the earliest and the most widely used blockchain. The virtual digital currencies of bitcoin series are all based on public blockchain, and there is only one corresponding blockchain in the world
2. Consortium block chains: multiple preselected nodes are designated as bookkeepers within a group, and the generation of each block is jointly determined by all preselected nodes (preselected nodes participate in the consensus process), and other access nodes can participate in the transaction
3. Private blockchain
private blockchain: it only uses the general ledger technology of blockchain for bookkeeping. It can be a company or an indivial, and only enjoys the write permission of the blockchain. This chain is not very different from other distributed storage schemes
MBA think tank defines "digital assets": digital assets refer to non monetary assets owned or controlled by enterprises, existing in the form of electronic data, held in daily activities for sale or in the process of proction
in our life, direct consumption in Alipay is a common way to use digital assets, that is, the electronic payment system. Besides, we often use network office, Internet stocks, online reading or video broadcasting, which are using digital assets. For enterprises, online coupons or points are the use of digital assets, and some companies also distribute equity in the form of digital assets
2. Why digitalize assets<
as for the allocation of private digital assets, Xiao Feng, vice chairman of Wanxiang holdings and chairman of Tonglian data, said at a financial technology investment summit that in order to get more than expected returns, it means that we must adopt a different way of asset allocation from others. In the future, the most obvious opportunity for alternative asset allocation may be digital assets. In the next 10 years, This new asset class cannot be ignored. For the society, asset digitization is a major trend
the bat empire is soaring in the digital economy of the Internet. In recent years, Didi, meituan, P2P lending and ofo are all inseparable from two key factors: asset circulation and sharing economy. The most convenient way of asset circulation is undoubtedly to digitize assets! The essence of sharing economy is to make the real assets more convenient for resource sharing through intelligent digital way. Through technical means to rece the waste of resources and rece costs
for enterprises, asset digitization is the best solution to rece costs and increase efficiency. If the privacy file is encrypted and saved by technical means, the security will be far greater than that in the entity. And digital assets are also convenient for enterprises to manage. When the era of big asset management comes, asset management needs to face thousands of asset types, involving a large number of calculations, which can not be completed by manpower alone
③ why use blockchain technology to digitize assets
1. Distrust. Through the distributed system of the blockchain, the trust between people is transferred to the trust in the machine, and the machine will not cheat people - it has no feelings and only operates in its own way. This greatly reces the number of central links generated by trust. In some instries, intermediaries can even be removed. Supply and demand trust is entirely based on this magical machine
2. Decentralization. At present, if you want to transfer the equity you hold, you have to go through a lot of proceres and find different departments to do it well. It's a waste of time and money. If blockchain technology is combined with electronic contract, this problem can be solved. Shareholders can trade their shares just like buying and selling T + 0 shares, and they are also protected by law. What about cross chain technology Cross chain: for example, you directly use your shares to buy other people's digital rights, recing the steps of exchanging legal currency.) How convenient that would be
3. Highly transparent. Now the business's biggest fear is information opacity. The application of blockchain technology can solve this problem. As long as the public digital assets are set up, everyone can view them. If necessary, the number of assets held by the owner can even be displayed, and some shady transactions can be avoided
4. Anonymization. We often do "streaking" on the Internet carelessly. Our information is sold at a price in some bad companies. We check all the system records of a person for several hundred yuan. We can receive some sales calls from time to time in our daily life, and most of the fraud calls are successful only after we know your information. In the blockchain, we only display one address for transactions, which can effectively protect our own information and rece the possibility of information being sold publicly
blockchain technology is a "customized" technology for its security, confidentiality, openness and transparency in asset digitization.
For blockchain messages, bitcoin is to blockchain what e-mail is to the Internet. As we all know, e-mail for the first time in the history of human information dissemination and exchange realizes the function of timely, free and verifiable sending data to anyone else in the world. Both the sender and the receiver can save copies of the data sent in e-mail. However, the e-mail data copies retained by both parties also become an inherent defect of online value transfer, because both parties have their own value. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the value is not double paid by the existence of third-party institutions, such as banks, stock exchanges, clearing centers or notaries. As an internet protocol, bitcoin can transfer value to each other instantly and safely without the existence of intermediary organizations such as credit granting third party, which reces transaction cost and improves transaction efficiency. Xiaobian now arranges the schematic diagram of blockchain technology and related technical principles for you
literally, blockchain is a distributed account book system composed of a series of data blocks generated by cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a large amount of transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information and generate the next block. These blocks are arranged in the order of generation, and each block is a node
the remarkable feature of blockchain is that there is no third-party supervision as a central server, and the transaction information in the block cannot be changed. The information contained in the block can be financial transactions or any other digital transactions, including documents. The success of the Internet business model, which has dominated the business world of human society for a long time, depends on the third-party financial institutions as credit granting institutions to process and mediate electronic transactions. The role of the third-party credit granting institutions is to verify, protect and save transaction records
However, there are still a large number of fraulent online transactions, which need to be mediated by a third party, resulting in higher transaction costs. Bitcoin, based on blockchain technology, uses encryption to prove, rather than credit a third party, so that all parties willing to trade can achieve online transactions through the Internetevery transaction can be protected by digital signature and sent to the "public key" of the receiver who uses the sender's "private key" for digital signature. The owner of bitcoin, namely cryptocurrency, needs to prove the ownership of its "private key" in order to consume and trade online. The receiving party uses the sender's "public key" to verify the digital signature on the transaction, that is, the ownership of the other party's "private key"
each transaction is broadcast to each node in the bitcoin network and recorded in the public ledger after verification. Moreover, before each transaction is recorded in the public ledger, it needs to verify its validity. Therefore, the verification node needs to ensure two things before recording each transaction: that is,
(1) consumers have the signature authentication of their encrypted electronic currency
(2) there are enough encrypted e-money in consumer accounts
Figure 1 shows the transaction process and principle based on blockchain technology
I hope this answer will help youthe blockchain itself also needs to consider password security. Because blockchain is a kind of additional account book that can encode the effective transactions in the system by using cryptography technology, we must strengthen the security of the password itself. At the same time, the security of blockchain is the same as other important information systems, so the system security must be strengthened
from the perspective of talent supply side, the growth rate of blockchain talents can not meet the market demand. According to the data of LinkedIn in February 2018, the global demand for blockchain talents began to grow in 2015 and experienced explosive growth from 2016 to 2017. However, at present, its proportion in the total demand of the global talent market is still very low. In recent years, the instry with the fastest growing demand for blockchain talents is the computer software instry, followed by the financial services and insurance instry. From 2015 to 2017, the number of talents with blockchain related skills on LinkedIn's archives has increased nearly 19 times, but the total number of talents is still small, which is only about 2% of the global AI talents on LinkedIn's platform
the ecology of blockchain instry chain is graally forming. In 2018, the whole instry status, including hardware and infrastructure, platform and infrastructure, general technology layer and peripheral service layer, has made relevant progress. It has become a subversive and strategic key supporting technology, and also an important technology to promote the integration of digital economy and real economy
to enable the deep integration of digital economy and real economy, blockchain should further increase investment, strengthen basic research, enhance the original innovation ability, strive to occupy the commanding height of innovation and obtain new instrial advantages. In particular, the implementation of blockchain in China faces not only technical problems, but also challenges of market integration, talent training and legal system. At present, the entity enterprises' cognition of blockchain is relatively insufficient, and their awareness of change is not strong, which also restricts the development of blockchain technology in the field of manufacturing
the Xueshuo innovation blockchain Technology Workstation of Lianqiao ecation online is the only approved "blockchain Technology Specialty" pilot workstation of "smart learning workshop 2020 Xueshuo innovation workstation" launched by the school planning, construction and development center of the Ministry of ecation of China. Based on providing diversified growth paths for students, the professional station promotes the reform of the training mode of the combination of professional degree research, proction, learning and research, and constructs the applied and compound talent training system.