Blockchain is out of control
in addition to solving the security problem, blockchain technology can also change the following areas:
1. In the future, music right distribution is likely to enter the stage of blockchain, removing the intermediate link, so that musicians can get more direct income. In the past, record companies or the Internet were required to increase user stickiness. There were a lot of fees in the middle of promotion or song playing, but not many were really given to the authors, because the original right was still in the hands of several major record companies
2. Writing right is the same. For example, you may have to find a publisher before. This right can't be sold many times, and the money given to the author is also very small. With blockchain technology, all users need to pay the right fee to the author, not limited to a single publisher. Previously, Mr. Li Xiaolai did the press one project, which is mainly aimed at right distribution
3. The Internet of things and blockchain technology will combine to proce the blockchain Internet of things (Biot). Blockchain Internet of things can greatly rece the risk of hacker attacks. With the help of blockchain Internet of things, it may be as convenient as mobile phones to obtain warehouse sensor data
Kevin Kelly's book out of control has become the wind vane of the development of the Internet. In his later book necessity, he also mentioned that "technology has a preference in nature, which makes it move in a certain direction. On the premise that other conditions are the same, the physical and mathematical principles that determine the development of science and technology will favor certain specific behaviors
the development of blockchain technology is an "inevitable" trend, and bitcoin and some valuable digital currencies are only proced because of one of the needs. Today's blockchain is like the Internet in 1994. The development of the times will screen out the best technology and procts. It's just a matter of time
now there are too many "pseudo blockchain" projects focusing on blockchain, because too many people blindly invest in them without understanding. I want to make a fortune in this market. Those people are aiming at leeks that enter the coin circle without learning anything. They casually make small packages on the open public chain, issue a coin, hold a roadshow and want to circle a group of people to come in. They want to run after they circle money. In fact, they have no actual technical content and can't solve any practical problems.
Chinese Mahjong: the world's earliest blockchain project
first of all, a initiates an application. I want to play mahjong and set up a mahjong Bureau, which is equivalent to creating a block, and this block will be broadcast to B, C, D, a, B, C, C, C, C, C, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D D...
in the process of playing mahjong, the above four people constantly play cards, which can be understood as mining, through what to mine? Mahjong machine can understand the mineralization machine. These four miners are the so-called miners. These four miners collide from 144 mahjong, and any right card can be Hu card. We can understand the 144 mahjong as a series of hash values (numbers). The process of Hu card is called computational power. Until Hu card, it means that the right hash value is collided and you can get a reward, Each person will pay the corresponding chips to C and put them in the blockchain. The reward is bitcoin or other virtual coins
Why do the other three people take the initiative to reward C? That's because these people have automatically reached a consensus that C has indeed won, and everyone has recorded the account, including the family members who are sitting next to buy horses. It's not good to deny it, otherwise when it comes out that the character is not good, no one will play with him again. After all, the circle is very important
when we reached a consensus, we didn't see any intermediary or third party judging that C had won, and the rewards given to C didn't need to be transferred to C through the third party. All of them were direct point-to-point transactions. This process was decentralization. The card players (miners) recorded their own achievements in the first game, and the third team won the first game, After the record is completed, a complete block is generated. But remember, this is only the first round. In the whole blockchain, this is just a node. The first eight rounds are finished, that is, eight nodes (blocks). Eight blocks are connected together to form a complete account book, which is the blockchain. Because everyone has one account book, it is a distributed account book. The purpose is to prevent someone from tampering with records. In the end, it is clear who wins or loses.
in a village, a spent 3000 yuan to buy a cow of B, how to record this account
so a and B found a mutual trusted C to record the account, but later a and C colluded and did not admit that a had bought B's cattle, so the deal became rough and disputes continued
later, B had another cow. Of course, B didn't sell it to a this time, because a had no credit, so he gave it to d. This time, instead of looking for witnesses, they went to the whole village to roar after the transaction. B said Wang Erhua paid 3000 yuan to buy a cow from me, d also went to the whole village to shout that I paid 3000 yuan to buy a cow from B, so there were many people in the village to record the transaction. In this way, there will be no bad debts, which is called decentralized and distributed accounting
here comes the problem
when you yell, are the villagers willing to charge for you, just because you have a big face
therefore, the first person to record accurately will get some bitcoin rewards
someone asked, what if two people finish the first record at the same time
in order to avoid this problem, it is necessary to set rules, for example, to answer a question first, or to record with feet, and it must be written in block letters. If you set a series of rules, there will not be many firsts
in the network, there are a lot of transactions going on every day, and there are also many people recording, and finally they get the reward of bitcoin. This process is the legendary mining
Mining requires a lot of equipment. We call these computer equipment mining machines
in this way, all the processes are in one system. The system will encapsulate the data every 10 minutes to form a box full of data, which we call blocks
with the continuous generation of blocks, they are linked together to form a blockchain.
the block chain market is often compared with the early Internet age, especially in analogy with the 2000 Internet bubble. Simple analogy will convince you that we are in the Internet age similar to 1997-1998 years ago, and that once we enter 2000, we will have the same bubble burst.
people with this idea will let you leave the current blockchain, wait for the impending crash, and then pick up the pieces, similar to the end of the Internet bear market in 2002. But what we may also see is:
"instead of reconstructing the whole blockchain field through one big crash, there may be a series of small crashes, one after another. Every small crash will kill some tokens of poor projects, and bring new projects with higher and higher quality. "
so if you're waiting for a blockchain crash. It may never happen. Because it's happening all the time, though by a small margin. More importantly, if you are a venture investor, if you skip this period, you will miss the opportunity to learn and accumulate experience. In 2000, the collapse of the Internet reced the funding for new technology companies, but the fluctuation of the market value of blockchain hardly affected the pace of innovation of decentralized open source projects.
the CBRC, the Ministry of instry and information technology, the people's Bank of China and the State Administration for Instry and Commerce suggest that in recent years, in the name of "financial mutual assistance", the behavior of promising high returns and luring the public to invest funds has appeared in many places in China. Its main characteristics include: 1
first, there are many names. Common are: "XX financial mutual aid community", "XX financial mutual aid platform", "XX financial mutual aid financing", "XX charity financial mutual aid platform", "XX financial mutual aid investment", "XX mutual aid community", "XX wealth mutual aid platform", etc< Second, it develops rapidly. Relying on the Internet, through the website, blog, wechat, QQ and other platforms, the publicity has a wide range
thirdly, it is confusing. Under the banner of "overseas celebrities", some claim to "destroy the unfair world financial system, break the control of financiers, and create a community for ordinary people" as the goal. Through the establishment of the so-called "fair, just, mutually beneficial and honest financial platform for people to help others", the public can get more help by subsidizing others. At the same time, he falsely claimed that "after market test, he has been mature in many countries for many years, and has hundreds of millions of members in the world" and so on
4. Strong incement. It claims that the investment threshold is low, the cycle is short and the income is high. For example, after free registration, the investment of RMB 60000-60000 can be withdrawn after 15 days, with daily income of 1%, monthly income of 30%, annual income of 23 times, and no handling charge. In addition, if participants develop others to join, they can also get extra income such as recommendation Award (10% of offline investment) and Management Award (the corresponding proportion is determined according to the membership level). There is no upper limit for development personnel and no upper limit for rebate< 5. Strong concealment. Most of them are controlled remotely by overseas personnel, and the investment funds are often transferred through personal bank accounts or through third-party payment platforms
this kind of operation mode violates the law of value, and it is difficult to maintain the capital operation for a long time. Once the capital chain breaks, investors will face serious losses. The general public is requested to raise their awareness of risks, invest rationally and prudently, and prevent their interests from being damaged. At the same time, we can actively report to the relevant departments the clues we have learned about crimes
bitcoin home and many mainstream media have reported similar virtual money pyramid schemes.
Characteristics of blockchain
one of the four characteristics of blockchain: tamper proof
the most easily understood characteristic of blockchain is tamper proof
tamper proof is based on the unique account book of "block + Chain": the blocks with transactions are added to the end of the chain in time order. To modify the data in a block, you need to regenerate all blocks after it
one of the important roles of consensus mechanism is to make it almost impossible to modify a large number of blocks at high cost. Take the blockchain network (such as bitcoin and Ethereum) with workload proof as an example, only with 51% of computing power can all blocks be regenerated to tamper with data. However, the destruction of data is not in line with the self-interest of players with large computing power. This practical design enhances the reliability of data on the blockchain
generally, the transaction data in the blockchain ledger can not be "modified", it can only be "modified" through the new transactions that are approved. The process of correction will leave traces, which is why the blockchain can not be tampered with. Tampering refers to changing or misinterpreting by means of forgery
in today's common files and relational data, unless a special design is adopted, the system itself does not record modification traces. Blockchain ledger adopts a design different from that of files and databases. It draws on the design of ledger in reality, that is, to retain the traces of records. Therefore, we can not "modify" the account book without leaving traces, but can only "modify" the account book (see Figure 2)
Figure 6: bitcoin is centralized in the organization and logically centralized
when we imagine the future organization, the ideal prototype in our mind is often bitcoin organization: completely decentralized autonomous organization. But in practice, for the sake of efficiency and advancement, we will move closer to the centralized organization and finally find a suitable balance point
nowadays, in the blockchain projects that are created and issued through the smart contract of Ethereum and run in a community or ecological way, the ideal state of many projects is similar to the bitcoin organization, but the actual situation is between the completely decentralized organization and the traditional company
when we discuss the fourth feature of blockchain, which is decentralized self-organization, we are actually going out of the code world, involving human organization and collaboration. Now, various discussions and practical explorations have also revealed the significance of blockchain beyond technology: it may serve as an infrastructure to support human proction organization and collaborative change. This is another example of the complete isomorphism between blockchain and Internet. Internet is not only a technology, it has changed people's organization and collaboration
in general, Ethereum has brought blockchain into a new stage. When discussing Ethereum, if we want to summarize two key words, they are smart contract and token; If I can only say one, I will choose "Tong Zheng". I would rather look for its meaning from the history of the Internet and repeat the previous analogy: as a token of value, its role is similar to HTML. With HTML, what kind of website to build depends entirely on our imagination