Identify five elements of blockchain Enterprises
2. Blockchain is an innovative application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies in the Internet era. In recent years, the development and application of blockchain is of great significance to technological innovation and instrial revolution. This experience introces the relevant knowledge of blockchain technology
3. Blockchain is a distributed ledger, which can contain financial and / or non-financial transactions. It can be replicated (distributed) on multiple systems in almost real time through peer-to-peer network. Each participant "owns" the same ledger and gets updated when adding any transaction. Each participant helps to determine the inherent "invariance" of all existing records, Using cryptography and digital signature to prove identity, authenticity and enforce read / write access, there is a mechanism that makes it difficult to change history, and it is easy to detect someone trying to change it.
1-contains a distributed database
2-distributed database is the physical carrier of blockchain, blockchain is the logical carrier of transaction, all core nodes should contain full copies of the blockchain data
3-blockchain serializes blocks according to time, And blockchain is the only body of the whole network transaction data
4-blockchain is only effective for addition, but not for other operations
5-public and private key verification based on asymmetric encryption
6-accounting node requires that Byzantine general problem can be solved / avoided
7-consensus progress is evolutionarily stable, That is, in the face of a certain amount of contradictions between different nodes, the data will not collapse
8-consensus process can solve the problem of double spending
Blockchain technology is widely used. Under the integration of new technologies, the main application scenarios of blockchain include finance and insurance, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent environmental protection, energy and power, health care, ecation, culture and innovation, smart city, social welfare, agriculture and many other fields
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blockchain + finance
blockchain can help financial institutions solve problems such as trust and data sharing
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blockchain + right art
Tianhe Guoyun's blockchain right system
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3. Blockchain + government
in statistics, voting, budget management and other aspects, blockchain can rece costs, improve efficiency, and increase transparency, so as to prevent the risk of failure of centralized system
4. Blockchain + insurance
fraud identification and risk prevention: by placing insurance claims under an unchangeable general ledger, blockchain helps to eliminate the common sources of fraud in the insurance instry
property insurance and accidental injury insurance: policies and shared ledgers recorded in the form of smart contracts can improve the efficiency of property insurance and accidental injury insurance
Health Insurance: blockchain technology enables medical records to be encrypted and shared among health service providers, thus improving the interoperability of the health insurance ecosystem
Reinsurance: the information security of reinsurance contracts on the blockchain platform can be ensured through the form of smart contracts, which can rece the amount of information and simplify the payment process between insurers and reinsurers
2-The distributed database is the physical carrier of the blockchain, and the blockchain is the logical carrier of the transaction. All core nodes should contain the full of the blockchain data
3-The blockchain serializes the blocks according to time, and the blockchain is the only body of the whole network transaction data
4-The blockchain is only effective for adding, Invalid for other operations
5-public-private key verification based on asymmetric encryption
6-accounting node requires that Byzantine general problem can be solved / avoided
7-consensus progress is evolutionarily stable, that is, it will not collapse in the face of a certain amount of contradictory data of different nodes
8-consensus process can solve the problem of double spending
five characteristics of blockchain:
decentralized
e to the use of Distributed Accounting and storage, there is no centralized hardware or management organization, the rights and obligations of any node are equal, and the data blocks in the system are jointly maintained by the nodes with maintenance function in the whole system
thanks to the decentralization of blockchain, bitcoin also has the characteristics of decentralization [6]
openness
the system is open, in addition to the private information of all parties to the transaction is encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to all, and anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
autonomy
blockchain adopts consensus based specifications and Protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms) to enable all nodes in the whole system to exchange data freely and safely in a de trusted environment, so that the trust in "people" is changed into the trust in machines, and any human intervention does not work
information cannot be tampered with
once the information is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be stored permanently. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system can be controlled at the same time, the modification of the database on a single node is invalid, so the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high<
anonymity
since the exchange between nodes follows a fixed algorithm, their data interaction does not need trust (the program rules in the blockchain will judge whether the activity is effective by themselves), so the counterparties do not need to let the counterparties generate their own trust by disclosing their identities, which is very helpful for credit accumulation.
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in the Internet era, computers have proposed many ways of trusted computing for a long time, that is, any blockchain technology node adopts the mole of trusted computing. Therefore, trusted computing can make it easier to upgrade and iterate technologies in distributed networks
in terms of the real name system of blockchain technology, there is a blockchain Technology Laboratory in the United States, and they have put forward many technical solutions for the real name system. For example, the current blockchain technology is point-to-point. In many countries, such as South Korea, each of them has an e-Certificate, and they need to use the real name e-Certificate for signature in the transaction. Of course, there is a simpler solution. We can store the IP address of the whole device as part of the transaction in the blockchain application
in this way, the transaction of the whole blockchain technology can realize the real name system of technology. So this is an optional real name system. We can build a real name blockchain application network or an anonymous blockchain application network
Super key is also a significant progress in the development of blockchain technology. Because it is a distributed network, how can we supervise and control it? Cryptography, we call it multi signature
we (yunbokeji) design different blockchain application networks. If it is a blockchain application network used by a bank, we can design a super key. The keys of all nodes must be combined with the super key to generate wallets
then, the super key should be in the hands of regulators or some institutions, who can have limited control over blockchain applications. For example, the data on the current blockchain application can not be deleted, so the super key actually allows the authority to modify the distributed network
so what kind of technology is blockchain:
(1) distributed decentralization,
(2) no need to trust the system,
(3) tamper proof and encryption security. I know these words separately, but what do they mean together
1. Distributed and decentralized. It's all about this on the Internet. There's no need to say more. In short, there's no need for a central server. Everyone's data is obtained from this server. Instead, the data is put on N networked devices, and everyone can download and store it
2. There is no need to trust the system. Do you believe in banks? Because the bank is recognized by the state, the blockchain realizes a trust mode without the need of a third party. It uses n devices on the Internet to store data, which can be verified by everyone. As long as more than half of the people think you're right, you're right. No one or organization can modify more than half of the content on the Internet. If you don't believe in yourself, congratulations. You are a great philosopher
3. Tamper proof and encryption security
the blockchain adopts a series of technologies, such as sha256 and ripemd160, to ensure tamper proof and encryption security. For example, 01011000111110 represents a character. The algorithm requires four bits to be shifted to the left, supplemented by zeros, four bits to the left, and four zeros to the right, How to dece the original number according to the result? Of course, this is just a simple example.
1 - whether blockchain can effectively improve the experience and efficiency in this field
2 - whether the difficulty and cost of chain connection in this field are higher than the value promotion brought by blockchain
3 - whether the processing efficiency of blockchain can meet the actual needs in this field.
1 - decentralization
2 - distrust
3 - open and transparent
4 - collective participation
5 - distributed ledger.