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Blockchain and Medical Alliance
Publish: 2021-04-27 09:30:38
1. blockchain technology uses mathematical methods to achieve distributed accounting and solve the trust problem, so as to complete the decentralization, which will bring far-reaching influence in many fields such as communication, finance, Internet of things, government management and so on
blockchain refers to the technical solution of collective maintenance of a reliable database through centralization and distrust in the past, and it is a technical way for the whole people to participate in bookkeeping. Previous bookkeeping methods were all centralized and needed centralized intermediary, whether it was traditional government, financial institutions, notarization institutions or emerging e-commerce platform and online payment platform
in economic hypothesis, information is sufficient. In fact, it is precisely because of insufficient information that there are very large intermediaries. The existence of intermediaries increases the transaction cost and raises the transaction threshold. In essence, blockchain technology is a large-scale collaboration tool. It makes direct value transfer possible by using pure technology for the first time, and continues the trend of Internet decentralization and disintermediation. Disintermediated blockchain technology will greatly subvert the information intermediary instry
blockchain technology is the basic technology for building bitcoin data structure and encrypted transmission of transaction information, which realizes the issue and transaction of bitcoin. The core of blockchain technology is that all the current participating nodes jointly maintain the transaction and database, so that the transaction is based on the principle of cryptography rather than trust, so that any agreed parties can directly carry out payment transactions without the participation of a third party
technically, a block is a data structure for recording transactions, reflecting the capital flow of a transaction. In the system, the transaction blocks are connected to form a main chain, and all the nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or part of the main chain
a block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash formed by the previous block and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by the block, including the private keys of both parties, the number of transactions, the digital signature of electronic currency, etc; The hash hash formed by the previous block is used to connect the blocks and realize the sequence of past transactions; Random number is the core of the transaction. All nodes compete to calculate the answer of the random number. The node that gets the answer the fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for updating, so as to complete a transaction.
blockchain refers to the technical solution of collective maintenance of a reliable database through centralization and distrust in the past, and it is a technical way for the whole people to participate in bookkeeping. Previous bookkeeping methods were all centralized and needed centralized intermediary, whether it was traditional government, financial institutions, notarization institutions or emerging e-commerce platform and online payment platform
in economic hypothesis, information is sufficient. In fact, it is precisely because of insufficient information that there are very large intermediaries. The existence of intermediaries increases the transaction cost and raises the transaction threshold. In essence, blockchain technology is a large-scale collaboration tool. It makes direct value transfer possible by using pure technology for the first time, and continues the trend of Internet decentralization and disintermediation. Disintermediated blockchain technology will greatly subvert the information intermediary instry
blockchain technology is the basic technology for building bitcoin data structure and encrypted transmission of transaction information, which realizes the issue and transaction of bitcoin. The core of blockchain technology is that all the current participating nodes jointly maintain the transaction and database, so that the transaction is based on the principle of cryptography rather than trust, so that any agreed parties can directly carry out payment transactions without the participation of a third party
technically, a block is a data structure for recording transactions, reflecting the capital flow of a transaction. In the system, the transaction blocks are connected to form a main chain, and all the nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or part of the main chain
a block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash formed by the previous block and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by the block, including the private keys of both parties, the number of transactions, the digital signature of electronic currency, etc; The hash hash formed by the previous block is used to connect the blocks and realize the sequence of past transactions; Random number is the core of the transaction. All nodes compete to calculate the answer of the random number. The node that gets the answer the fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for updating, so as to complete a transaction.
2.
Blockchain is the hot spot at present. Taking advantage of this heat, blockchain companies and block platforms are pouring out from all directions. Blockchain talents instantly become the biggest recruitment outlet, with an average salary of 25000 yuan. The demand for talents is still in short supply
on the recruitment website, Shanghai, Beijing and Hangzhou have a large demand for talents, and the conditions and annual salary given by the companies that recruit talents related to "blockchain" are about 500000 to 800000 yuan, and even millions of annual salary. However, the current recruitment demand is still biased towards technical talents, such as blockchain system engineer, blockchain technical director and blockchain architect
enterprises recruit blockchain talents one after another, but the demand for talents is still insufficient. According to the talent trend report of 2018 peak season, in the first two months of 2018, the recruitment demand for blockchain related talents has reached 9.7 times of the same period in 2017. Meanwhile, the number of companies publishing blockchain related positions has increased by 4.6 times and the talent supply has increased by 235% year on year, but the stock is far lower than the actual demand
3. Hello, the differences between the two are as follows: 1. Public blockchain; It means that anyone can read and send transactions for validity confirmation, and anyone can participate in the consensus process of the blockchain to jointly maintain the security, transparency and non tampering of the public blockchain data. For example, the virtual digital currency
community blockchain represented by bitcoin; It is also called alliance chain, which means that the nodes participating in the blockchain are selected in advance, and there are usually good network connections and other cooperative relationships between the nodes; Community blockchain is a practical application scenario of the combination of blockchain and physical goods, such as Domenech jewelry's Maobei mode
community blockchain represented by bitcoin; It is also called alliance chain, which means that the nodes participating in the blockchain are selected in advance, and there are usually good network connections and other cooperative relationships between the nodes; Community blockchain is a practical application scenario of the combination of blockchain and physical goods, such as Domenech jewelry's Maobei mode
4. At present, there are four main types of consensus mechanisms: pow, POS, dpos, pool
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
- - - - - - - -
PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
- - - - - - - -
PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
5. In the future, jinwowo group will focus on promoting the legal circulation and commercial application of big data with blockchain technology
today's very popular blockchain technology can establish low-cost connections between devices in the Internet of things, and also improve the security and privacy of the system through decentralized consensus mechanism
at the same time, the superposition of blockchain technology and smart contract can turn the internal devices into self maintenance and self-regulation network nodes, which can exchange information, verify identity and trade with strangers on the basis of pre-defined.
today's very popular blockchain technology can establish low-cost connections between devices in the Internet of things, and also improve the security and privacy of the system through decentralized consensus mechanism
at the same time, the superposition of blockchain technology and smart contract can turn the internal devices into self maintenance and self-regulation network nodes, which can exchange information, verify identity and trade with strangers on the basis of pre-defined.
6. The difference between code chain and blockchain:
blockchain originates from the underlying technology of bitcoin and is the blockchain technology of Internet. IP is connected by blockchain technology to form distributed accounting. It is not easy to tamper with and decentralize
code chain technology is the code chain technology of the Internet of things, which superimposes the Internet of things IDS one by one in a two-dimensional way to form personal records. The application of "code chain" technology will bring more efficient link forms of "people to people", "people to things" and "things to things"
Introction to code chain:
"code chain" refers to a "two-dimensional code chain" formed by using a smart phone to aim at the "two-dimensional code" and "scan", that is, to "generate a new two-dimensional code containing the scanner's DNA" and access to the "service". The whole process can be traced, supervised and managed
"code chain technology" is the most widely used two-dimensional code "scan" payment technology
code chain technology can realize more efficient link form of people to people, people to things and things to things
Introction to blockchain:
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. Blockchain is a series of data blocks generated by cryptography. Each data block contains the information of a bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
in a narrow sense, blockchain is a kind of chain data structure that combines data blocks in chronological order in a sequential way, and it can not be tampered with and forged by cryptography
broadly speaking, blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm, which uses blockchain data structure to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses intelligent contract composed of automated script code to program and operate data
the difference between code chain digital currency and blockchain digital currency:
the difference between "code chain digital currency" based on code chain technology and the existing blockchain digital currency is that "code chain digital currency" is based on the control of property rights, and uses "intelligent two-dimensional code" as the medium to transform the contracts of various instry chains into divisible, tradable, transferable, exchangeable Traceable "smart contract" and real right exchange within the code chain alliance. In the code chain monetary system, "intelligent two-dimensional code" means "SGR". That is to say, each commodity corresponds to a "smart QR code", and this "QR code" represents the "special reference property" of the commodity. Through special reference to the exchange of property rights, the exchange of goods (barter) can be realized. This two-dimensional code, which represents "special mention of property rights", can be used as the carrier and payment means of digital currency at the same time, and payment can be completed through "two-dimensional code scanning".
blockchain originates from the underlying technology of bitcoin and is the blockchain technology of Internet. IP is connected by blockchain technology to form distributed accounting. It is not easy to tamper with and decentralize
code chain technology is the code chain technology of the Internet of things, which superimposes the Internet of things IDS one by one in a two-dimensional way to form personal records. The application of "code chain" technology will bring more efficient link forms of "people to people", "people to things" and "things to things"
Introction to code chain:
"code chain" refers to a "two-dimensional code chain" formed by using a smart phone to aim at the "two-dimensional code" and "scan", that is, to "generate a new two-dimensional code containing the scanner's DNA" and access to the "service". The whole process can be traced, supervised and managed
"code chain technology" is the most widely used two-dimensional code "scan" payment technology
code chain technology can realize more efficient link form of people to people, people to things and things to things
Introction to blockchain:
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. Blockchain is a series of data blocks generated by cryptography. Each data block contains the information of a bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
in a narrow sense, blockchain is a kind of chain data structure that combines data blocks in chronological order in a sequential way, and it can not be tampered with and forged by cryptography
broadly speaking, blockchain technology is a new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm, which uses blockchain data structure to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses intelligent contract composed of automated script code to program and operate data
the difference between code chain digital currency and blockchain digital currency:
the difference between "code chain digital currency" based on code chain technology and the existing blockchain digital currency is that "code chain digital currency" is based on the control of property rights, and uses "intelligent two-dimensional code" as the medium to transform the contracts of various instry chains into divisible, tradable, transferable, exchangeable Traceable "smart contract" and real right exchange within the code chain alliance. In the code chain monetary system, "intelligent two-dimensional code" means "SGR". That is to say, each commodity corresponds to a "smart QR code", and this "QR code" represents the "special reference property" of the commodity. Through special reference to the exchange of property rights, the exchange of goods (barter) can be realized. This two-dimensional code, which represents "special mention of property rights", can be used as the carrier and payment means of digital currency at the same time, and payment can be completed through "two-dimensional code scanning".
7. Blockchain + finance, blockchain + logistics, blockchain + retail... There is a lot of application space for blockchain, and there is room for blockchain in all walks of life. Now there are also some projects that have realized the application landing, such as the cooperation between ine and miss group, the super router of ine, etc. These are well-known application landing cases.
8. Novice, it is recommended to buy novice experience miner, this is NB cloud mine specially prepared for novices, the use time is very short, only 7 days, and the monthly net yield is also very good, 1-5%. There is also the problem of different income. The reason is that the leasing and income of Nb cloud mine is not calculated by the number of units, but by the number of units. If you rent a unit for 180 days, you can calculate the income of a miner. Of course, it is different from the income of two units of 360.
9. It is definitely not allowed by the government. It can be traded privately, indivially or on a platform
10. Code shipping company name English name
ABC ABC container shipping company A.B.C container line
ACBL American Commercial Barge Line company
acgr guanhang group ace group
ACL Atlantic container line
act associated container transportation
AECs Australia Europe Container Service
AEL American European lines
AEXL American export lines
AFS Asia fortune (HK) Shipping Ltd.
AFSC African steamship Co.
AJCL Australia - Australia Japan Container Line
AMCL American commercial lines, incorporated
amiscl American Iraqi Shipping Company, Ltd.
AML American mail line
amptc Arab Maritime Petroleum Transport Co.
and adriatica di navigazione spa
anl Australian National line
Anst Arya national shipping lines < br />AOR Noah aorasia
APL American predsident lines Ltd.
ASC Alaska steamship company
ass alaid
ASTA asahe tanker
ATL Asia Terminal Limited
ATL Atlantic transport line
AWP Australia West Pacific Line
Ben line containers Ltd.
BK Gangxing Shipping Co., Ltd.
Baltic Orient Line
Bona Baltic line
Bulgarian river navigation
br/ >BSC Bangladesh Shipping Co.
BSP Baltimore steam packet
BTC Bethlehem Transportation Co.
cat Canada Atlantic transport company of United States style = &; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
cau Australia Container Line
CCC compass Container Corporation
CCCO California cargo container
CCL California container line
Ccni Hualin < br />CCX Jiaqing shipping company (Taiwan) char China Marine Co.
CGL Canadian Gulf line
CGM Compagnie general maritime et finaciere
CHF Qiaofeng Shipping Ltd.
CHP Chinese Polish Joint Stock Shipping Co.
CJF China Japan international ferry Co China-Japan International Freight Co., Ltd.
CKS Kyung Shipping Co., Ltd.
clou container leasing GmbH (Germany)
Chiu Lun container Co., Ltd, Ltd.
CMA Compagnie maritime daffertemet
CMCL China Merchants Co., Ltd.
cmsnc China Merchants Steam Navigation Company (Hong Kong), Ltd
CNCC China National Chartering Corporation
CNS Canadian National steamships
COCENAVE Vale do Rio Doce navegacao
COH Jinghan Shipping Co., Ltd, Ltd.
comanav, Compagnie marocaine de navigation
comaunam, Compagnie Mauritanienne de navigation maritime style = #; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
con trans GmbH (Germany)
COSCO Group
CPN Pacific North West container line
CPV peruana de vapores
CrN United China Shipping Company Ltd.
CSAV South America Shipping company (Chile) compagnia Sudamericana de vapores
CSC China Shipping Co., Ltd.
CSL Canada steamship lines, Ltd.
CTI international container transport company (USA)
CTN Tunisian shipping company Compagnie tunisienne de navigation
cucms Suez Canal freight general company Compagnie universelle canal maritie de Suez style = #; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
CYL Chaoyang shipping Cho Yang Shipping Ltd.
DFDs United steamship company (Denmark) det forende dampskebsselskab
DMS Damao steamship company Delmas
DSR Deutschland seereederei Rostock (Germany)
DVR Delmas vieljeux social sodium chargeur (France) S
dy Dongying shipping company Pegasus container service
dyww Dongying self provided container
DZ Deli shipping company
e & a eastern and Australian line
EAC Baolong shipping company (Denmark) East Asian Co. Ltd.
East African National Shipping Line
ect European Union Terminal Company Europe combined terminal
EFFDEA Argentina national inland shipping company empresa flota fluvial del estado Genesis
egsel and everglory Shipping Enterprises Ltd (Hong Kong)
Elma Argentina shipping company empress lineas maritimas Argentinas
empresa maritima del estedo, Argentina national shipping company (Chile)
ENSA Amazon shipping company (Brazil) empresa navegacao Da Amazonia, Sociedade Anonima
ESCO Eastern steamship company
ESL Eastern Shipping Lines incorporated
EVG Evergreen Marine Corp. Ltd.
exc Changhong Shipping Co., Ltd, Ltd.
FEC total FEC
FESC far east international shipping company FESCO
Finl finnines limited
FPL Far East Shipping Company (Russia) Far Eastern Shipping Co.
free free use
frota Nacional de petroleiros (Brazil)
fspl central steamship
fieet trans in International Ltd.
Fuji steamship Co., Ltd.
fwsc land ocean Inchcape International Container Transport Co., Ltd.
fwsl fairweather steamship Co., Ltd, Ltd.
GBE golden boxes express let
Geka general kaiun Shipping Co.
GF golden hair Shipping Co., Ltd.
GG Yuanyuan Shipping Ltd.
gle Great Lakes and European lines
golf ocean lines L TD.
gonc great overseas navigation Co. Ltd.
GSC Ghana Shipping Corporation
GSL Golden Star Line
gsnc general Steam Navigation Company
GST Kingstar container Corp.
GWS Great Western steamship Co.
haix Haixing Shipping Co., Ltd.
Hachinohe kaiun (Japan)
Hal Xingya
ham Shipping Co., Ltd.
has Shanghai Hai Hua Shipping Co., Ltd, Ltd
hasagy Shanghai Hai Hua international shipping agency
HFL Hai Fu
HJS Hanjin Shipping Ltd.
HKEL Hong Kong export lines Ltd.
HKIS Hong Kong Islands Shipping Ltd.
HKM Hong Kong Maritime
H LC Hapag Lloyd (Germany)
HMM Hyundai merchant marine Ltd.
HSL hope sea Ltd
iccu iccu container group (Italy)
icsn Indo China Steam Navigation Co, Ltd.
IEA intermodal equipment associates (USA)
ILO international ocean leasing Ltd.
int'pur container company (USA) interpool Ltd. intu
IRI Iran
isa International Shipping Agency (Puerto Rico)
ITL itel international shipping agency It containers International Corp.
IWT Irrawaddy Water Transport Corporation (Myanmar)
JCS Japan Container Service
JCT jeuro container transport Inc.
JL Johnson Line
JLA Japan shipping company Japan line
JSM Jiangsu Marine Shipping Co.
jugoliniga
kaika development shipping company (Japan) kaihatsu kaiun
Kanda kaiun
Kanka sightseeing shipping company (Japan) Kanko kaiun
Kaun Kansai unyu
kck Kaixing
KL Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd.
KMT Korea Marine Transport Co., Ltd.
know Guanhua Shipping Co., Ltd.
Koninklijke Nederlandsche stoomboot Maatschappij style = &; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
kotc Kuwait oil tanker company
KSC Kuwait shipping company
KSL Korea shipping line
KYKI Kyowa Kisen
LAL Lloyd shipping company (Italy) Lloyd triettino di navigazione spa
land land bridge
LH S Lianfa
Libra Brazilian shipping company Linhas brasileirs de navegacao
LLB Lloyd Brasileiro CN
LNB Bolivia Shipping Co., Ltd.
LS foreign agent Lifa LS
LT Italian mail and shipping company Lloyd triestino
lusc Luzon terminal transport company (Philippines)
ABC ABC container shipping company A.B.C container line
ACBL American Commercial Barge Line company
acgr guanhang group ace group
ACL Atlantic container line
act associated container transportation
AECs Australia Europe Container Service
AEL American European lines
AEXL American export lines
AFS Asia fortune (HK) Shipping Ltd.
AFSC African steamship Co.
AJCL Australia - Australia Japan Container Line
AMCL American commercial lines, incorporated
amiscl American Iraqi Shipping Company, Ltd.
AML American mail line
amptc Arab Maritime Petroleum Transport Co.
and adriatica di navigazione spa
anl Australian National line
Anst Arya national shipping lines < br />AOR Noah aorasia
APL American predsident lines Ltd.
ASC Alaska steamship company
ass alaid
ASTA asahe tanker
ATL Asia Terminal Limited
ATL Atlantic transport line
AWP Australia West Pacific Line
Ben line containers Ltd.
BK Gangxing Shipping Co., Ltd.
Baltic Orient Line
Bona Baltic line
Bulgarian river navigation
br/ >BSC Bangladesh Shipping Co.
BSP Baltimore steam packet
BTC Bethlehem Transportation Co.
cat Canada Atlantic transport company of United States style = &; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
cau Australia Container Line
CCC compass Container Corporation
CCCO California cargo container
CCL California container line
Ccni Hualin < br />CCX Jiaqing shipping company (Taiwan) char China Marine Co.
CGL Canadian Gulf line
CGM Compagnie general maritime et finaciere
CHF Qiaofeng Shipping Ltd.
CHP Chinese Polish Joint Stock Shipping Co.
CJF China Japan international ferry Co China-Japan International Freight Co., Ltd.
CKS Kyung Shipping Co., Ltd.
clou container leasing GmbH (Germany)
Chiu Lun container Co., Ltd, Ltd.
CMA Compagnie maritime daffertemet
CMCL China Merchants Co., Ltd.
cmsnc China Merchants Steam Navigation Company (Hong Kong), Ltd
CNCC China National Chartering Corporation
CNS Canadian National steamships
COCENAVE Vale do Rio Doce navegacao
COH Jinghan Shipping Co., Ltd, Ltd.
comanav, Compagnie marocaine de navigation
comaunam, Compagnie Mauritanienne de navigation maritime style = #; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
con trans GmbH (Germany)
COSCO Group
CPN Pacific North West container line
CPV peruana de vapores
CrN United China Shipping Company Ltd.
CSAV South America Shipping company (Chile) compagnia Sudamericana de vapores
CSC China Shipping Co., Ltd.
CSL Canada steamship lines, Ltd.
CTI international container transport company (USA)
CTN Tunisian shipping company Compagnie tunisienne de navigation
cucms Suez Canal freight general company Compagnie universelle canal maritie de Suez style = #; font-size: 12.0pt; Font family:
CYL Chaoyang shipping Cho Yang Shipping Ltd.
DFDs United steamship company (Denmark) det forende dampskebsselskab
DMS Damao steamship company Delmas
DSR Deutschland seereederei Rostock (Germany)
DVR Delmas vieljeux social sodium chargeur (France) S
dy Dongying shipping company Pegasus container service
dyww Dongying self provided container
DZ Deli shipping company
e & a eastern and Australian line
EAC Baolong shipping company (Denmark) East Asian Co. Ltd.
East African National Shipping Line
ect European Union Terminal Company Europe combined terminal
EFFDEA Argentina national inland shipping company empresa flota fluvial del estado Genesis
egsel and everglory Shipping Enterprises Ltd (Hong Kong)
Elma Argentina shipping company empress lineas maritimas Argentinas
empresa maritima del estedo, Argentina national shipping company (Chile)
ENSA Amazon shipping company (Brazil) empresa navegacao Da Amazonia, Sociedade Anonima
ESCO Eastern steamship company
ESL Eastern Shipping Lines incorporated
EVG Evergreen Marine Corp. Ltd.
exc Changhong Shipping Co., Ltd, Ltd.
FEC total FEC
FESC far east international shipping company FESCO
Finl finnines limited
FPL Far East Shipping Company (Russia) Far Eastern Shipping Co.
free free use
frota Nacional de petroleiros (Brazil)
fspl central steamship
fieet trans in International Ltd.
Fuji steamship Co., Ltd.
fwsc land ocean Inchcape International Container Transport Co., Ltd.
fwsl fairweather steamship Co., Ltd, Ltd.
GBE golden boxes express let
Geka general kaiun Shipping Co.
GF golden hair Shipping Co., Ltd.
GG Yuanyuan Shipping Ltd.
gle Great Lakes and European lines
golf ocean lines L TD.
gonc great overseas navigation Co. Ltd.
GSC Ghana Shipping Corporation
GSL Golden Star Line
gsnc general Steam Navigation Company
GST Kingstar container Corp.
GWS Great Western steamship Co.
haix Haixing Shipping Co., Ltd.
Hachinohe kaiun (Japan)
Hal Xingya
ham Shipping Co., Ltd.
has Shanghai Hai Hua Shipping Co., Ltd, Ltd
hasagy Shanghai Hai Hua international shipping agency
HFL Hai Fu
HJS Hanjin Shipping Ltd.
HKEL Hong Kong export lines Ltd.
HKIS Hong Kong Islands Shipping Ltd.
HKM Hong Kong Maritime
H LC Hapag Lloyd (Germany)
HMM Hyundai merchant marine Ltd.
HSL hope sea Ltd
iccu iccu container group (Italy)
icsn Indo China Steam Navigation Co, Ltd.
IEA intermodal equipment associates (USA)
ILO international ocean leasing Ltd.
int'pur container company (USA) interpool Ltd. intu
IRI Iran
isa International Shipping Agency (Puerto Rico)
ITL itel international shipping agency It containers International Corp.
IWT Irrawaddy Water Transport Corporation (Myanmar)
JCS Japan Container Service
JCT jeuro container transport Inc.
JL Johnson Line
JLA Japan shipping company Japan line
JSM Jiangsu Marine Shipping Co.
jugoliniga
kaika development shipping company (Japan) kaihatsu kaiun
Kanda kaiun
Kanka sightseeing shipping company (Japan) Kanko kaiun
Kaun Kansai unyu
kck Kaixing
KL Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd.
KMT Korea Marine Transport Co., Ltd.
know Guanhua Shipping Co., Ltd.
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kotc Kuwait oil tanker company
KSC Kuwait shipping company
KSL Korea shipping line
KYKI Kyowa Kisen
LAL Lloyd shipping company (Italy) Lloyd triettino di navigazione spa
land land bridge
LH S Lianfa
Libra Brazilian shipping company Linhas brasileirs de navegacao
LLB Lloyd Brasileiro CN
LNB Bolivia Shipping Co., Ltd.
LS foreign agent Lifa LS
LT Italian mail and shipping company Lloyd triestino
lusc Luzon terminal transport company (Philippines)
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