API 3 decentralized Oracle
Background: the financial application of blockchain technology brings high investment value
2018 China international big data instry Expo opened in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province on the 26th. At the meeting, it was pointed out that China will vigorously develop the digital economy in the future, deeply implement the action plan for the development of big data and cloud computing, and deeply study blockchain technology and application. Especially in the field of finance, the landing application has become the focus of the scientific and financial circles
1. The value source of blockchain is that it can perfectly solve the pain points of the current financial instry:
in today's asset securitization, insurance, supply chain finance, commodity trading, asset custody and other financial scenarios, e to many participants, high cost of credit evaluation, low settlement efficiency of intermediary institutions and other reasons, Traditional financial service methods are difficult to effectively solve the long-standing core pain points in the instry, such as information asymmetry, complex and rendant processes, and high information verification cost
2. Why can blockchain solve the above pain points:
blockchain technology integrates many basic technologies, such as distributed accounting, tamper proof, built-in contract, etc., and constructs a trust building mechanism with lower cost. The financial application based on blockchain technology can realize the ability of all market participants to obtain all transaction information and asset ownership records in the market without discrimination, and effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry; Smart contract embedding reces the error rate of payment and settlement, simplifies the process and improves efficiency; At the same time, based on transparent information and brand-new trust mechanism, there is no need to spend manpower, material resources and financial resources to confirm information among participants, which will greatly rece the trust cost between institutions, and then rece the price of financial services and transaction costs
3. The application of blockchain technology in the financial field mainly includes the following aspects:
among which bitcoin is the most famous. On the basis of bitcoin, a large number of other types of decentralized digital currencies have been derived. Such as: the heyday of bits
Compared with the traditional payment system, blockchain payment can directly carry out end-to-end payment for both parties without the help of the banking system, which can greatly improve the speed and rece the cost③ digital bills
④ bank credit management: the advantage of blockchain is that it can rely on program algorithm to automatically record credit related information and store it on every computer in the blockchain network, with transparent information, tamper proof and low cost
The major financial institutions and exchanges in Europe and the United States have explored the application research of building the next generation of financial asset trading platform based on blockchain technology4. The development prospect of blockchain. The future development of blockchain technology will have the most vitality with alliance chain as the entry point, and will have a significant effect and far-reaching impact on the transformation of traditional financial instry pain points
in response to the good investment prospects of blockchain, domestic enterprises such as Alibaba, Jingdong and Netcom have entered the market. The application of financial scenarios based on blockchain technology not only brings us security and convenience, but also provides us with broader investment space. The rise and price surge of digital currency represented by bitcoin (bitcoin was about RMB 20 cents when it was first listed in 2009, and its current price is about US $7300!) It's the best proof that people with a keen sense of smell have made a lot of money from it
Abstract: This is an encrypted digital currency based on the bitcoin developed by Nakamoto Tsung, which improves and adds many new functions, such as the double-layer reward system network, also known as the main node network. It also includes anonymous payment to improve the interchangeability (bitage) and real-time payment function docking to realize real-time transaction confirmation without relying on the authority of the center (P2P mall) In 2009, Nakamoto put forward the concept of bitcoin. Since then, bitcoin has spread rapidly in mainstream applications and commercial uses, becoming the first digital currency to attract a large number of users, which is a milestone in the history of digital currency. However, from the perspective of completing the transaction, we can find an important problem, that is, it takes too long for bitcoin block to confirm the transaction. Traditional payment companies have found a solution to enable the buyer and the seller to realize zero confirmation of bitcoin transaction, but this solution usually requires a trusted third party to complete the transaction outside the agreementbitcoin provides pseudonym transaction, realizes the one-to-one transaction relationship between sender and receiver, and can always record the transactions occurred in the whole network. Bitcoin only provides low-level privacy protection, which is well known in academia. Despite this deficiency, many people still believe in the transfer history recorded by blockchain
based on Nakamoto's achievements, bitshengshi is an encrypted digital currency with the purpose of protecting privacy. We have made a series of improvements on the basis of the concept of bitcoin, resulting in a decentralized cryptocurrency with good anonymity. It supports tamper proof real-time transactions, and has a point-to-point sub network that can provide service reward system for bitsheng network
2. Master node network
the whole node is the server running on the P2P network, so that small nodes can use them to accept the dynamic changes from the whole network. These all nodes need significant traffic and other resources that consume a lot of cost. Therefore, it will be observed that the number of these nodes on the bitcoin network presents a steady downward trend over a period of time, so that the block broadcast time needs an additional 40 seconds. In order to solve this problem, many solutions have been put forward, such as the introction of Microsoft Research's new incentive plan and bitnodes incentive plan
Figure 6: mining reward model
Specifically, users can share the idle storage space and bandwidth resources of cat disk, and these resources will be output to companies such as content, video, game, blockchain, etc. cat disk company will convert the legal currency and various digital currencies paid by the latter into bitcoin, and users will get the corresponding bitcoin income. This is also the unique mining mode of cat disk
why reward bitcoin
because similar procts on the market reward users with points, diamonds and other rights and interests issued by relevant companies, and most of these rights and interests are of low or no value. In addition, those projects that once seemed to be hot are now almost withered, and the early players may benefit, while the late players will lose all their money
as we know, bitcoin is the anchor currency in the digital currency world. Cat disk directly uses bitcoin to motivate users, and users can pick up the coin to their wallet at any time, and their income can be guaranteed. Moreover, the risk of bitcoin breaking is almost zero, and the user's income will be more lasting and stable
how is the mining income distributed
when it comes to distribution, we should first introce the concept of "storage power", which is directly linked to the income of cat disk users. Storage power is an index based on users' shared storage space, bandwidth and online time. The larger the storage space, the faster the bandwidth speed and the longer the online time, the larger the storage power, and vice versa
the cat disk gains revenue by sharing storage bandwidth resources, and users can check the revenue through app every day, that is, how much bitcoin they earn. The profit distribution of maopan mining is not random, but through a series of calculations. In short, users' daily income depends on their personal storage capacity, all users' storage capacity and the amount of money issued each day. The calculation formula is as follows:
single user's daily income = single user's daily storage capacity / all users' daily storage capacity * Daily currency amount
it can be seen that users' daily income is positively correlated with the daily storage capacity index and the daily currency amount, and negatively correlated with all users' daily storage capacity index
what is the amount of money issued every day
the cat disk integrates the storage and bandwidth resources shared by users, provides storage and bandwidth services to the demander, and converts various digital currencies paid by the other party into bitcoin for distribution to users. How much bitcoin is issued every day depends on the actual business situation, so there is no way to give specific figures for the time being. What we can make clear is that, unlike other mining procts, cat disk does not issue its own currency or restrict the mining of a specific kind or several kinds of currency. Instead, it earns various digital currencies paid by others. These currencies are all market currency. Cat disk converts these currencies into bitcoin and distributes them to users
note that all the currencies are negotiable, and the more storage nodes, the more business, the higher the overall mining revenue; For other mining procts, the amount of money that can be mined is limited or issued by the owner. With the passage of time, there will be more and more mining machines, and the mining income will be less and less
According to foreign media reports, John ifiles Watkins published his collected predictions of the end of the 20th century for the United States and the world in the magazine ladies' Home Journal in December 1900. What will happen in the next 100 years In this book, Watkins visited "the largest institutes, consulted the most visionary and cautious people" and asked them what would happen to their own research fields before 2001. It turns out that some of these predictions are very accurate, while others are not related to the facts at all. Here are 14 environmental predictions with a brief analysis
prediction 1: "cars will be cheaper than today's horses. The farmer will have a motorized grass truck, a motorized van, a plow, a rake and a hay rake. The one pound engine installed in these vehicles will provide the power equivalent to the pulling force of more than two horses. In winter, the children will take an electric sled. In time, mobile equipment will replace any type of horse drawn vehicle now known. In the future, it will also have mobile hearse, mobile police patrol boat, mobile ambulance and mobile Road cleaner. There will be as few horses for labor in the future as there are bulls for labor now. "
reality: some of the above predictions are correct. Generally speaking, the price of horses is much cheaper than that of cars, except for horses for exhibition and horse racing. However, the main point of this prediction is correct. In the United States, cars, trucks and buses have replaced horses as important means of transportation
prediction 2: "there will be no constant traffic on urban roads. Due to limited urban space, busy vehicles will be located underground or above the ground. Most cities will be forced to build a large number of subways or tunnels with good lighting and ventilation, or viacts with "moving sidewalks" leading to the top floor. These underground or high-altitude roads are full of passengers or goods. The subway or tunnel will continue to retain the express train. There will be no more noise in the city. "
reality: in the mid-20th century, most cities in the United States demolished the streetcar network or converted it into light rail. However, New Orleans and Toronto are still using the streetcar network, and the use method and layout are basically the same as 100 years ago. But Boston, San Francisco, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh have rebuilt their streetcar networks into light rail networks< Prediction 3: "the speed of the train will reach 2 miles per minute, and the speed of the express train will reach 150 miles per hour. It will take only one day and one night to get to San Francisco by express train from New York. In time, cigar shaped electric locomotives will be used to pull long train carriages. Cars, like houses, can cool down automatically by manual means. There will be no smoke or cinder along the railway, because trains will no longer carry coal or use coal as fuel. Trains no longer have to stop in the middle of water. When passing through hot or sty areas, passengers can close the windows. "
reality: France's famous high-speed train (TGV) has a top speed of 186 miles per hour. It's almost three miles per minute. Under special test conditions, the TGV's speed reached 320 mph. High speed rail systems in Europe and parts of Asia are expanding rapidly, but the United States is a bit behind in this regard. Acela express, the only high-speed train in the United States, can travel 150 miles per hour from Boston to Washington. Unfortunately, there is no "fastest train" from New York to San Francisco. In fact, it takes 70 to 80 minutes from New York to San Francisco by express train. The train may stop in Washington or Chicago, so you will stay on the train for three and a half days. But these trains can cool themselves and no longer use coal as fuel. Although trains don't have to stop for water, they often stop to make way for a passing freight car
prediction 4: "in the future, there will be 'air vessels', but they can not be compared with road vehicles and water vessels in carrying passengers and transporting goods, but all military countries will use them as a kind of lethal weapon. Some will be used to transport passengers and goods. Others will be used by scientists for high altitude scientific research on earth. "
reality: as a matter of fact, the carrying capacity and transportation capacity of "air vessels (airplanes)" are totally the same as those of road vehicles and water vessels. This is especially true in the United States, because usually large numbers of passengers are competitive in air travel because the government gives them a lot of subsidies. As we all know, e to the weak instrial foundation, the US aviation instry has been on the verge of bankruptcy. Compared with road and rail transport, air travel has achieved less in short distance and midway travel. However, aircraft are indeed used as military tools by all countries. The "9.11" incident in 2001 also showed that non military personnel would also use aircraft as lethal weapons
prediction 5: "there will be neither mosquitoes nor flies in the future. Of course, mosquito nets and other things are no longer needed. In fact, mosquitoes, houseflies and cockroaches will be extinct by then. The Department of health will also eliminate all mosquito borne diseases, destroy all mosquito breeding areas, drain all stagnant pools, fill all marshes, and chemically treat all stagnant water. "
reality: This is not the case. It is estimated that 1.5 million people die of malaria every year in the world, which is a mosquito borne disease
prophecy 6: "black, blue and green roses will appear in the future. And roses are almost as big as cabbage. A violet is the size of an orchid. Pansy has the same diameter as sunflower. Measurements of Pansy a century ago showed that its disk was only half an inch in diameter. There will be black, blue and green roses. And all flowers can appear any color, but also can be transplanted to another smell of flowers. In this way, pansy has the potential to give off a violet like aroma
reality: flowers of any color can be proced by hybridization. As Michael purlon said in second nature, "there is no lack of new varieties in modern roses, but it is a big problem that roses must face to bring forth new ones through the old."< Prediction seven: "food in the future will not be allowed to come into contact with air. Those shopkeepers who have been denounced by customers, who have exposed their food to the air or the atmosphere polluted by busy streets, and those who sell fake and inferior procts, will be arrested according to law. Liquid air refrigerators allow food to be stored longer. "
reality: refrigeration is now used in all food sales instries in the United States. However, a lot of frozen procts are exposed to the air, just like things placed on food shelves in stores. However, e to the use of a layer of impermeable transparent plastic packaging, these foods do not contain so many unsafe factors. This shows that the above prediction is not in line with the actual situation< Prediction 8: "in the future, people will no longer use coal for heating or cooking. At that time, coal proction will be seriously insufficient, but not completely exhausted. Anthracite can be used until 2050 or 2100; Bituminous coal can be used for 2200 or 2300 years. In the meantime, both kinds of coal will become more and more valuable. Eventually, humans will find that electricity generated by water is cheaper. Any river or stream with a waterfall that meets the conditions for power generation will be equipped with a hydro generator, which will drive the generator and generate electricity. There will be a large number of reservoirs along the coastline, and their water levels will change with waves and tides. The water from the reservoir will continue to fall on the spinning wheels. Then people will use the flowing sea water, fresh water lakes and salt marshes to do what the Niagara River is doing: generate electricity to provide light, heat and fuel for mankind. "
reality: in the United States, people no longer directly use coal for heating or cooking, but coal still supplies half of the country's households with heating and gas in the form of electricity. As part of the hybrid energy, coal meets about 22% of people's energy needs, but it also includes transportation fuel. Coal accounts for about half of all electricity proced in the United States, but in some regions that figure has risen to about three-quarters< Prediction 9: "in the future, people will use electricity to grow vegetables. Farmers will use electricity to turn winter into summer and night into day. When the weather is cold, they will bury thermal wires in the garden soil to heat the vegetables. They will also build larger greenhouses and vegetable gardens. At night, they will use strong light to irradiate vegetables, so as to increase the lighting time and promote the growth of vegetables. Using electric current to heat soil can make crops grow bigger and faster, and also kill harmful weeds. Different colors of light can promote the growth of many plants. Heating the garden with electric current can make the seeds germinate earlier and make the vegetables mature earlier. "
reality: it's very common to grow crops under indoor lights in the United States. But Watkins didn't think exactly what to plant under the light< Prediction 10: "in the next 100 years, our great grandson will eat strawberries as big as apples ring Christmas. Raspberries and blackberries are as big as apples. A person can eat one of these fruits. Strawberries and cranberries will grow on tall bushes. Cranberries, currants and blackcurrants will grow as big as oranges. One Hami melon is enough for a family. Watermelons, cherries, grapes, plums, apples, pears, peaches and all berries will be seedless or seedless. Figs will be grown all over the United States. "
reality: today's fruits and vegetables are really bigger than before. If you go around the modern supermarket, you will see not only giant strawberries, but also giant apples, bananas and other fruits. However, fruits and vegetables are getting bigger, but at the same time, the taste is getting worse, because these vegetables and fruits are commercial procts, and they have to travel a long way from the farm to the sales place
prediction 10: "except for zoos, there will be no wild animals in the future. Mice will be extinct. Horses are actually on the verge of extinction. The rich will keep some good varieties for competition, hunting and exercise. Cars have taken the place of horses. Cattle and sheep no longer have horns. And they don't run faster than today's pigs. A century ago, wild boars could run faster than horses. Food animals will continue to proce meat, milk, hair and other by-procts throughout their lives. Horns, bones, muscles and lungs will be ignored. "
reality: this prediction is not credible. There are still a lot of mice today, and horses are not endangered, but as Watkins said, they are mainly used for entertainment
prediction 12: "in the future, people will be able to travel from New York to Liverpool in England in only two days by fast electric boat. The hulls of these ships will be above the waves. They will be made up of
generally, the platform will have its payment channel, and UnionPay will recharge it
if you have any questions, please ask.
