De centralization
Publish: 2021-05-02 16:26:16
1. No, bitcoin cash (BCH) is a new version of bitcoin with different configurations launched by a small number of bitcoin developers. It is a new type of blockchain asset. On August 1, 2017, the mining of bitcoin cash will begin, and each bitcoin investor will have the same amount of bitcoin cash (BCH) in his account
bchc, launched by bitcherry, is a token within the Distributed E-Commerce ecosystem.
bchc, launched by bitcherry, is a token within the Distributed E-Commerce ecosystem.
2. E-special currency (etc) is a kind of virtual currency born in the Internet, which can support the point-to-point payment function. It is assumed that it is a widely used token that can circulate in the world barter instry transaction process and pay point-to-point through the Internet, which has made the "currency" function for the global flow of the barter instry. E-coin official website: www.eticoin.com
the birth of etc: etc originated in Germany, which is one of the most mature and developed countries in the world trade, and also the first country to recognize and use bitcoin. In the future, the prevalence of global virtual currency is an inevitable trend. Germany took the lead in recognizing the legal status of bitcoin, and also timely launched the global plan of etc. Now, global economic integration is an inevitable trend, and the barter instry will graally extend to every corner of the world, so the e-coin was born under this inevitable development trend
issuance of ETCS: from 2014 to 2017, a total of 13.5 million ETCS were issued to the world, including 7.2 million in the first year, 3.6 million in the second year, 1.8 million in the third year and 900000 in the fourth year. The total number of issues per year is distributed on an average of 360 days (of which no issue is made on December 27-31 of each year). The circulation in the first year is 2000 / day, 1000 / day in the second year, 500 / day in the third year and 250 / day in the fourth year. Due to the limitation of the total amount and the continuous rection of the quantity, with the increasing demand of e-coin graally entering the barter platform in the future, it will lay the foundation for the destined appreciation of e-coin. According to the rough calculation of the total transaction volume of the global barter platform by the eoses experimental group, the highest price of e-coin will be stable at US $10000 and RMB 60000 to meet the demand of barter token circulation
mining of etc: etc is composed of 64 base encryption algorithm data, and each coin will be split into 3 decimal places at most, which exists and circulates with the Internet in the form of original code. Every coin needs a computer online to "mine" through the computing power of the computer to obtain e-coin. Because each e-coin has its own code composition, there is no possibility that the issuing institution has a large number of e-coins. Although there are issuing institutions, they are also among the nodes of the Internet all over the world. Moreover, "mining" is limited according to the fixed issuing time of e-coins, and no indivial or organization can obtain more than 51% of the e-coins, Therefore, it not only solves 51% of the risk, but also is a kind of decentralized currency. At the same time, the eoses experimental group issued the e-special currency under the supervision and management of the financial department, which relatively guaranteed the basis for the standardized and stable operation of the e-special currency. The total amount of e-coin issued every day is set, but it does not mean that the total amount of e-coin issued on that day will be mined out. E-coin is based on the sum of the computing power of all mining computers on that day to determine whether the amount of ore pool is mined out on that day. If the total amount issued on that day is not mined, it will be accumulated to the next day's total ore pool and mined together.
the birth of etc: etc originated in Germany, which is one of the most mature and developed countries in the world trade, and also the first country to recognize and use bitcoin. In the future, the prevalence of global virtual currency is an inevitable trend. Germany took the lead in recognizing the legal status of bitcoin, and also timely launched the global plan of etc. Now, global economic integration is an inevitable trend, and the barter instry will graally extend to every corner of the world, so the e-coin was born under this inevitable development trend
issuance of ETCS: from 2014 to 2017, a total of 13.5 million ETCS were issued to the world, including 7.2 million in the first year, 3.6 million in the second year, 1.8 million in the third year and 900000 in the fourth year. The total number of issues per year is distributed on an average of 360 days (of which no issue is made on December 27-31 of each year). The circulation in the first year is 2000 / day, 1000 / day in the second year, 500 / day in the third year and 250 / day in the fourth year. Due to the limitation of the total amount and the continuous rection of the quantity, with the increasing demand of e-coin graally entering the barter platform in the future, it will lay the foundation for the destined appreciation of e-coin. According to the rough calculation of the total transaction volume of the global barter platform by the eoses experimental group, the highest price of e-coin will be stable at US $10000 and RMB 60000 to meet the demand of barter token circulation
mining of etc: etc is composed of 64 base encryption algorithm data, and each coin will be split into 3 decimal places at most, which exists and circulates with the Internet in the form of original code. Every coin needs a computer online to "mine" through the computing power of the computer to obtain e-coin. Because each e-coin has its own code composition, there is no possibility that the issuing institution has a large number of e-coins. Although there are issuing institutions, they are also among the nodes of the Internet all over the world. Moreover, "mining" is limited according to the fixed issuing time of e-coins, and no indivial or organization can obtain more than 51% of the e-coins, Therefore, it not only solves 51% of the risk, but also is a kind of decentralized currency. At the same time, the eoses experimental group issued the e-special currency under the supervision and management of the financial department, which relatively guaranteed the basis for the standardized and stable operation of the e-special currency. The total amount of e-coin issued every day is set, but it does not mean that the total amount of e-coin issued on that day will be mined out. E-coin is based on the sum of the computing power of all mining computers on that day to determine whether the amount of ore pool is mined out on that day. If the total amount issued on that day is not mined, it will be accumulated to the next day's total ore pool and mined together.
3. The early version of ES has split brain problem. Es uses a P2P gossip election method, and gossip algorithm is famous for Cassandra< Background:
Gossip algorithm is inspired by office gossip. As long as one person gossip, everyone will know the gossip information in a limited time.
this method is also similar to virus propagation, because gossip has many aliases & quot; Gossip algorithm & quot& quot; Epidemic propagation algorithm& quot; Virus infection algorithm& quot; Rumor mongering algorithm & quot< br /> However, gossip is not a new thing. Previous flooding search and routing algorithms belong to this category. The difference is that gossip provides explicit semantics, specific implementation methods and convergence proof for these algorithms.
features:
Gossip algorithm is also known as anti entropy. Entropy is a concept in physics, which represents chaos, and anti entropy is to seek consistency in chaos.
this fully illustrates the characteristics of gossip: in a bounded network, each node communicates with other nodes randomly, and after a period of chaotic communication, each node can communicate with other nodes randomly, Each node may know all other nodes, or only a few neighbor nodes.
as long as these nodes can be connected through the network, their states will be consistent. Of course, this is also the characteristic of epidemic transmission.
this paper analyzes the characteristics of epidemic transmission It should be noted that even if some nodes are restarted e to downtime and new nodes are added, after a period of time,
the status of these nodes will be consistent with that of other nodes, that is to say, gossip naturally has the advantage of distributed fault tolerance.
essence:
Gossip is a fault-tolerant algorithm with rendancy. Furthermore, gossip is a final consistency algorithm
although it is impossible to guarantee the consistency of all nodes at a certain time, it can guarantee the consistency of all nodes at the "final" time point, which exists in reality but cannot be proved in theory< br /> Because gossip does not require nodes to know all other nodes, it also has the characteristics of decentralization. Nodes are completely equal and do not need any central nodes< In fact, gossip can be used in many fields that can accept "final consistency": failure detection, routing synchronization, pub / sub, and dynamic load balancing< br /> But the disadvantage of gossip is also obvious. Rendant communication will cause a lot of load on network bandwidth and CPU resources, and these loads are limited by the communication frequency, which affects the convergence speed of the algorithm
summary:
Gossip is a decentralized, fault-tolerant and ultimately consistent algorithm. Its convergence is not only proved, but also has exponential convergence rate
the system using gossip can easily expand the server to more nodes, and it is easy to meet the elastic expansion< br /> The only drawback is that convergence is the ultimate consistency, which is not suitable for those scenarios with strong consistency, such as 2pc.
Gossip algorithm is inspired by office gossip. As long as one person gossip, everyone will know the gossip information in a limited time.
this method is also similar to virus propagation, because gossip has many aliases & quot; Gossip algorithm & quot& quot; Epidemic propagation algorithm& quot; Virus infection algorithm& quot; Rumor mongering algorithm & quot< br /> However, gossip is not a new thing. Previous flooding search and routing algorithms belong to this category. The difference is that gossip provides explicit semantics, specific implementation methods and convergence proof for these algorithms.
features:
Gossip algorithm is also known as anti entropy. Entropy is a concept in physics, which represents chaos, and anti entropy is to seek consistency in chaos.
this fully illustrates the characteristics of gossip: in a bounded network, each node communicates with other nodes randomly, and after a period of chaotic communication, each node can communicate with other nodes randomly, Each node may know all other nodes, or only a few neighbor nodes.
as long as these nodes can be connected through the network, their states will be consistent. Of course, this is also the characteristic of epidemic transmission.
this paper analyzes the characteristics of epidemic transmission It should be noted that even if some nodes are restarted e to downtime and new nodes are added, after a period of time,
the status of these nodes will be consistent with that of other nodes, that is to say, gossip naturally has the advantage of distributed fault tolerance.
essence:
Gossip is a fault-tolerant algorithm with rendancy. Furthermore, gossip is a final consistency algorithm
although it is impossible to guarantee the consistency of all nodes at a certain time, it can guarantee the consistency of all nodes at the "final" time point, which exists in reality but cannot be proved in theory< br /> Because gossip does not require nodes to know all other nodes, it also has the characteristics of decentralization. Nodes are completely equal and do not need any central nodes< In fact, gossip can be used in many fields that can accept "final consistency": failure detection, routing synchronization, pub / sub, and dynamic load balancing< br /> But the disadvantage of gossip is also obvious. Rendant communication will cause a lot of load on network bandwidth and CPU resources, and these loads are limited by the communication frequency, which affects the convergence speed of the algorithm
summary:
Gossip is a decentralized, fault-tolerant and ultimately consistent algorithm. Its convergence is not only proved, but also has exponential convergence rate
the system using gossip can easily expand the server to more nodes, and it is easy to meet the elastic expansion< br /> The only drawback is that convergence is the ultimate consistency, which is not suitable for those scenarios with strong consistency, such as 2pc.
4. In 2016, the world group will implement the listing Alliance Plan
1: the guaranteed exchange of stocks and points is carried out by stages and batches. Only the first batch of dynamic points is 1:1 to exchange stocks (at least 100000 es can be exchanged), and the second batch may be 2:1 or 3:1 to exchange stocks,. The stock price of members is cheaper than that of non members,
2: es and EP are customized points and value-added assets. Bitcoin is an unimpeded settlement tool in the world. It is necessary to learn to use bitcoin settlement in the strategy of decentralization
3: on April 6 and 7, the company opened the exchange system of ES points platform, and members were fully prepared to exchange shares
4: the company will issue an announcement next week, please pay attention to the details of stock exchange
this is the wealth brought by the win-win economic model and the future world. Let's welcome the arrival of wealth together. EGD is not only the stock of Hong Kong, Taiwan and Nasdaq, but also other listed companies have to join in to guarantee es. Our alliance will be launched immediately. Is es really going to sweep the world
1: the guaranteed exchange of stocks and points is carried out by stages and batches. Only the first batch of dynamic points is 1:1 to exchange stocks (at least 100000 es can be exchanged), and the second batch may be 2:1 or 3:1 to exchange stocks,. The stock price of members is cheaper than that of non members,
2: es and EP are customized points and value-added assets. Bitcoin is an unimpeded settlement tool in the world. It is necessary to learn to use bitcoin settlement in the strategy of decentralization
3: on April 6 and 7, the company opened the exchange system of ES points platform, and members were fully prepared to exchange shares
4: the company will issue an announcement next week, please pay attention to the details of stock exchange
this is the wealth brought by the win-win economic model and the future world. Let's welcome the arrival of wealth together. EGD is not only the stock of Hong Kong, Taiwan and Nasdaq, but also other listed companies have to join in to guarantee es. Our alliance will be launched immediately. Is es really going to sweep the world
5. EGD network golden points is a network encryption digital asset formed by the United Kingdom pioneer company and the technology R & D teams in the United States, Germany, Thailand and China, adopting the most advanced Internet technology and based on the point-to-point Internet open source protocol. Online gold points are not money, but as a kind of consumer asset given by global commercial consumers from businesses. They are used to replace the points issued by businesses in traditional commercial society, realizing the networking, integration and capitalization of global commercial points. It is characterized by decentralization, total amount limitation, exclusive ownership and sustainable existence. The price of customized EGD super started on November 2 is 1 yuan, which is about 8 times of the annual value. Invest 10000 yuan to get 10000 exchange volume, and use the exchange voucher to pick up the goods in the company's unified Mall (global exchange APP). At the same time, he was given 10000 yuan EGD super to lock in and unfreeze, unfreeze 5% every week, increase 6-8 times a year, get back the capital in more than three months, earn more than 10000 yuan, and keep on appreciation.
6. Why elasticsearch failed to obtain node information
early es versions had split brain problems, commonly known as brain fissure. Es uses a P2P gossip election method, and gossip algorithm is famous for Cassandra< Background:
gossip algorithm is inspired by office gossip. As long as one person gossip, everyone will know the gossip information in a limited time.
this method is also similar to virus transmission, because gossip has many aliases & quot; Gossip algorithm & quot& quot; Epidemic propagation algorithm& quot; Virus infection algorithm& quot; Rumor mongering algorithm & quot< However, gossip is not a new thing. Previous flooding search and routing algorithms belong to this category. The difference is that gossip provides explicit semantics, specific implementation methods and convergence proof for these algorithms.
features:
gossip algorithm is also known as anti entropy. Entropy is a concept in physics, representing chaos, Anti entropy is to seek consensus in chaos,
which fully illustrates the characteristics of gossip: in a bounded network, each node communicates with other nodes randomly. After a chaotic communication,
finally, the states of all nodes will reach consensus. Each node may know all other nodes, or only a few neighbor nodes,
as long as these nodes can be connected through the network, their status will eventually be consistent, which is also the characteristic of epidemic spreading.
it should be noted that even if some nodes restart e to downtime and new nodes join, after a period of time,
the status of these nodes will be consistent with other nodes, that is to say, Gossip has the advantage of distributed fault tolerance.
essence:
gossip is a fault tolerance algorithm with rendancy, and furthermore, gossip is a final consistent algorithm
although it is impossible to guarantee the consistency of all nodes at a certain time, it can guarantee the consistency of all nodes at the "final" time point, which exists in reality but cannot be proved in theory
because gossip does not require nodes to know all other nodes, it has the characteristics of decentralization. Nodes are completely equal and do not need any central node< In fact, gossip can be used in many fields that can accept "final consistency": failure detection, routing synchronization, pub / sub, and dynamic load balancing
however, the disadvantage of gossip is also obvious. Rendant communication will cause a lot of load on network bandwidth and CPU resources, and these loads are limited by the communication frequency, which in turn affects the convergence speed of the algorithm.
early es versions had split brain problems, commonly known as brain fissure. Es uses a P2P gossip election method, and gossip algorithm is famous for Cassandra< Background:
gossip algorithm is inspired by office gossip. As long as one person gossip, everyone will know the gossip information in a limited time.
this method is also similar to virus transmission, because gossip has many aliases & quot; Gossip algorithm & quot& quot; Epidemic propagation algorithm& quot; Virus infection algorithm& quot; Rumor mongering algorithm & quot< However, gossip is not a new thing. Previous flooding search and routing algorithms belong to this category. The difference is that gossip provides explicit semantics, specific implementation methods and convergence proof for these algorithms.
features:
gossip algorithm is also known as anti entropy. Entropy is a concept in physics, representing chaos, Anti entropy is to seek consensus in chaos,
which fully illustrates the characteristics of gossip: in a bounded network, each node communicates with other nodes randomly. After a chaotic communication,
finally, the states of all nodes will reach consensus. Each node may know all other nodes, or only a few neighbor nodes,
as long as these nodes can be connected through the network, their status will eventually be consistent, which is also the characteristic of epidemic spreading.
it should be noted that even if some nodes restart e to downtime and new nodes join, after a period of time,
the status of these nodes will be consistent with other nodes, that is to say, Gossip has the advantage of distributed fault tolerance.
essence:
gossip is a fault tolerance algorithm with rendancy, and furthermore, gossip is a final consistent algorithm
although it is impossible to guarantee the consistency of all nodes at a certain time, it can guarantee the consistency of all nodes at the "final" time point, which exists in reality but cannot be proved in theory
because gossip does not require nodes to know all other nodes, it has the characteristics of decentralization. Nodes are completely equal and do not need any central node< In fact, gossip can be used in many fields that can accept "final consistency": failure detection, routing synchronization, pub / sub, and dynamic load balancing
however, the disadvantage of gossip is also obvious. Rendant communication will cause a lot of load on network bandwidth and CPU resources, and these loads are limited by the communication frequency, which in turn affects the convergence speed of the algorithm.
7. In 2016, the world group will implement the listing Alliance Plan
1: the guaranteed exchange of stocks and points is carried out by stages and in batches. Only the first batch of dynamic points is 1:1 exchange for stocks (at least 100000 es can be exchanged), and the second batch may be 2:1 or 3:1 exchange for stocks,. The stock price of members is cheaper than that of non members,
2: es and EP are customized points and value-added assets. Bitcoin is an unimpeded settlement tool in the world. It is necessary to learn to use bitcoin settlement in the strategy of decentralization
3: on April 6 and 7, the company opened the exchange system of ES points platform, and members were fully prepared to exchange shares
4: the company will issue an announcement next week, please pay attention to the details of stock exchange
this is the wealth brought by the win-win economic model and the future world. Let's welcome the arrival of wealth together
at present, EGD is not only listed in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Nasdaq, but also other listed companies have to join in to guarantee es. Our alliance will be launched immediately. Is es really going to sweep the world
1: the guaranteed exchange of stocks and points is carried out by stages and in batches. Only the first batch of dynamic points is 1:1 exchange for stocks (at least 100000 es can be exchanged), and the second batch may be 2:1 or 3:1 exchange for stocks,. The stock price of members is cheaper than that of non members,
2: es and EP are customized points and value-added assets. Bitcoin is an unimpeded settlement tool in the world. It is necessary to learn to use bitcoin settlement in the strategy of decentralization
3: on April 6 and 7, the company opened the exchange system of ES points platform, and members were fully prepared to exchange shares
4: the company will issue an announcement next week, please pay attention to the details of stock exchange
this is the wealth brought by the win-win economic model and the future world. Let's welcome the arrival of wealth together
at present, EGD is not only listed in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Nasdaq, but also other listed companies have to join in to guarantee es. Our alliance will be launched immediately. Is es really going to sweep the world
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