Decentralization of concrete operation stage

1. Parents' first EQ class, the baby's cognition of the surrounding is self-learning ability, but parents' planned interaction is the best ecation at this time
please describe all kinds of emotions and emotions of the baby itself and other people in the environment with words
start from simple: happy, sad, afraid, calm, angry
then further understand the advanced emotions accurately: sadness, fear, friendly
finally, to some higher emotions: embarrassment, withdrawal, Anger, etc.
remember not to think that children are born with a lot of knowledge. The baby can judge and analyze self-learning either from family ecation or from TV and other social ecation
distraction is the best intervention method
children aged 2-3 have incomplete cognitive system, and the best way is to divert their attention when their emotions are out of control. Use other more attractive things to save the child from the boring and noisy mood
remember: don't be angry with your child, and reason with your child, it's all the performance of parents with low EQ
how to & quot; Egocentrism & quot; It is the main task of the baby at this stage
(tapping the blackboard, which is the source of future EQ)
let the child know & quot; You & quot& quot; I & quot& quot; He & quot; There are also differences between & quot; Your & quot& quot; My & quot& quot; His & quot; The difference
can start with sharing:
for example, a beautiful little sister came to the family, and the baby was very happy, and took a small apple to give to her sister.
many parents may immediately criticize their children for doing wrong or even for being selfish in the face of this situation
it's only after decades of life that I have accumulated my right and wrong ideas. How can I ask a two or three-year-old child to have the same right and wrong ideas as myself
what can we do
baby: if someone gives you an apple, do you want a big one or a small one
he replied without thinking: big
Yes, you see, you want to get a big one. Do you think Miss would like to receive a big one or a small one
he thought about it and replied, "big one
are you happy if someone gives you a little apple
the baby thinks: not happy
do you think little sister will be happy to receive the apple you gave him
the baby shakes his head thoughtfully: unhappy
do you want your little sister to be happy or unhappy
baby: I hope my little sister is happy
do you think you should give the teacher a big apple or a small one
baby: Big Apple
when I have similar conflicts, please describe the thoughts, feelings and expectations of people from different positions and angles as comprehensively as possible, so that the baby can realize that different people will have different thoughts, feelings and expectations from an early age
this kind of & quot; Decentralization & quot; Thinking training will be the foundation of EQ in the future

2. Egocentrism refers to children's thinking deficiencies e to their low level of thinking development. It means that indivials tend to know things from their own standpoint and point of view, but not from the objective and other people's standpoint and point of view. From being unable to distinguish the self from the outside world to getting rid of the dependence on action and direct perception, being able to distinguish the self from the outside world, representing other people's psychological world, and acquiring the ability of opinion selection. In the early stage of sensorimotor, the egocentrism of children's thinking is that they can't distinguish themselves from the outside world. They live in the "here and now" world completely and don't realize that there is a broader world besides their feelings. At the end of the sensorimotor stage, with the emergence of symbolic function, children can distinguish themselves from the outside world, which is a manifestation of de egocentrism. In the pre operation stage, children's egocentrism of thinking is reflected in the representation level. At this time, although children have formed a representation of things, they can't represent other people's psychological world. What they think and feel is always the same as what they think and feel, and they don't have the ability of opinion selection. After entering the specific operation stage, children's thinking is further de egocentric, which shows that they can understand things from multiple dimensions, and they can realize that different people often hold different views and attitudes towards the same thing, that is, they have the ability of opinion selection. Therefore, Piaget believes that the development of children's thinking from low level to high level is a process of de egocentrism.

3. From the age of 5 to 6, "social interaction leads to a graally structured or socialized process", egocentric language is on the verge of disappearing, symbolic games are developing towards organized and regular games, and children begin to understand the objective relationship between objects and establish cooperative relationships among people, In the aspect of moral emotion, it graally develops towards mutual respect and reciprocity< According to Piaget, there is a process of centralization in children's development: (1) the development of sensorimotor stage is a process of graal decentralization from the initial state of extreme egocentrism. When a baby is born, it doesn't distinguish between things and me. It lives in a universe without objects and has no self-consciousness. After that, he became differentiated from the outside world and realized that he was among many permanent objects and people 2) In the pre operation stage, children use language to form representation and communicate with others, resulting in a second form of egocentrism. Children can't distinguish their own views from those of others. They can't distinguish between subjective and objective views. Egocentrism is the main feature of this stage. In the view of the world, children show several primitive thought patterns: they project their own characteristics on the external objects, and think that wind, river, cloud and sun have life and intention; When you see all kinds of things made by your parents, you think that lakes, mountains, trees and lights are all man-made; In his opinion, what is real must have objective reality. He believes that dreams come from outside 3) When it comes to the specific operation stage, the ability of decentralization is developed. Children recognize other people's views and can reconcile their own views with those of others, but not all of them are objective. In fact, some alts are still egocentric in their way of thinking 4) In the stage of formal operation, there is a third form of egocentrism. Only after a long period of decentralization can children realize the objective reality and the requirements of the collective and become more realistic.

4. J. Piaget's theory of cognitive development. He divides cognitive development into four major stages, and then divides them into several small stages. The first stage is sensory motor stage. From birth to about 2 years old, children in this stage can only rely on their own muscle movements and feelings to cope with external things. This stage is further divided into six small stages: ① from birth to 1 month, At this time, the baby's movements become more coordinated, but it can't play with foreign objects. At this time, the baby's movements become more coordinated, but it can't play with foreign objects, The baby's vision is coordinated with grasping. It begins to fiddle with things around it. The 10 month old baby knows that things still exist when they are out of sight. ④ 10-12 months old. At this time, the behavior has a purpose, and it begins to be able to predict the effect of the behavior. ⑤ 12-18 months old. The baby will do slightly different actions for different objects to see what the results will be. ⑥ 18-24 months old, The second stage is the pre operation stage, which is about 2-7 years old. In this stage, children can only think with representation, and their thinking is superficial, primitive and chaotic. The pre operation stage can be divided into two stages: ① pre concept stage, about 2-4 years old. This stage is characterized by the emergence of symbolic function and imitation. ② intuitive thinking stage, and the pre operation stage, About 4-7 years old. Children mainly reflect the surface phenomenon of things, only push from one special situation to another special situation, and describe irrelevant things as causal relationship. Egocentrism is the prominent feature of this stage. The third stage is the concrete operation stage. About 7-11 years old, in this stage, children form a preliminary operation structure, At this stage, children develop "decentralization", that is to say, the self-centered idea of only looking at problems from their own point of view graally disappears. At this time, children can not only focus on one aspect of the situation or problems, We can also pay attention to several aspects; We can not only pay attention to the static state of things, but also see the dynamic change; It can also reverse the direction of thinking. The fourth stage is the stage of formal operation. From about 11 to 12 years old, the indivial has formed a complete cognitive structure system, can carry out formal propositional thinking, and the intellectual development tends to be mature. Piaget initially thought that the intellectual development of formal operation was completed at about 15 years old. Later, he revised his original view in 1972, It is considered that normal people should reach the stage of formal operation no later than 15-20 years old

5. j. Piaget's theory of cognitive development. He divided cognitive development into four major stages, and then divided them into several small stages
the first stage is sensory motor stage. From birth to about 2 years old. This stage of children can only rely on their own muscle movements and feelings to deal with external things. This stage is further divided into six stages: ① from birth to one month. At this time, the baby is not aware of the things around, or even their own existence, can not distinguish between things and me, lack of self-awareness. ② 1-4 months. At this time, the baby's movements become more coordinated, but still can not play with foreign objects. ③ 4-10 months. At this point, the baby's vision and grasping movements are coordinated. I started fiddling with things around me. Infants aged 9 to 10 months know that things are still out of their sight. ④ 10-12 months. At this point, the behavior has a purpose, and the effect of the behavior can be expected. ⑤ 12-18 months. The baby will make slightly different movements to different objects to see what the results will be. ⑥ 18-24 months. Before acting, babies can think about actions in their minds and find new ways to solve problems
the second stage is the pre operation stage. About 2-7 years old. In this period, children can only think by appearance, their thinking is superficial, primitive and chaotic. The pre operation stage can be divided into two stages: (1) pre concept stage, about 2-4 years old. This period is characterized by the appearance of symbolic function and imitation. ② Intuitive thinking period, about 4-7 years old. Children mainly reflect on the surface phenomenon of things, only push from one special situation to another, and say irrelevant things have causality. Egocentrism is the prominent feature of this stage
the third stage is the concrete operation stage. About 7-11 years old, in this stage, children formed a preliminary structure of operation, appeared logical thinking. However, thinking is also directly related to specific things, cannot do without specific experience, and lacks the ability of generalization. Abstract reasoning has not yet developed, and can not carry out propositional operation. At this stage, children developed "decentralization", that is, the self-centered idea of only looking at problems from their own point of view graally disappeared. At this time, children can not only focus on one aspect of the situation or problem, but also pay attention to several aspects; We can not only pay attention to the static state of things, but also see the dynamic change; It can also reverse the direction of thinking
the fourth stage is the formal operation stage. From about 11 to 12 years old, to this stage, the indivial has formed a complete cognitive structure system, can carry out formal propositional thinking, and the intellectual development tends to be mature. Piaget initially thought that the intellectual development of formal operation was completed at about 15 years old. Later, in 1972, the original view was revised, that normal people should reach the stage of formal operation no later than 15-20 years old.

6.

He divided cognitive development into four stages: sensorimotor stage, pre operation stage, specific operation stage and formal operation stage. The four stages are as follows:

the first stage is sensorimotor stage. From birth to about 2 years old. This stage of children can only rely on their own muscle movements and feelings to deal with external things. This stage is further divided into six stages:

① from birth to 1 month. At this time, the baby is not aware of the things around, or even their own existence, can not distinguish between things and me, lack of self-awareness

(2) 1-4 months. At this time, the baby's movements become more coordinated, but still can not play with foreign objects

(3) 4-10 months. At this point, the baby's vision and grasping movements are coordinated. I started fiddling with things around me. Infants aged 9 to 10 months know that things are still out of their sight

(4) 10-12 months. At this point, the behavior has a purpose, and the effect of the behavior can be expected

(5) 12-18 months. The baby will make slightly different movements to different objects to see what the results will be

(6) 18-24 months. Before acting, babies can think about actions in their minds and find new ways to solve problems

The second stage is the pre operation stage. About 2-7 years old. In this period, children can only think by appearance, their thinking is superficial, primitive and chaotic. The pre operation stage can be divided into two stages:

① pre concept stage, about 2-4 years old. This period is characterized by the appearance of symbolic function and imitation

(2) intuitive thinking stage, about 4-7 years old. Children mainly reflect on the surface phenomenon of things, only push from one special situation to another, and say irrelevant things have causality. Egocentrism is the prominent feature of this stage

The third stage is the concrete operation stage. About 7-11 years old, in this stage, children formed a preliminary structure of operation, appeared logical thinking. However, thinking is also directly related to specific things, cannot do without specific experience, and lacks the ability of generalization. Abstract reasoning has not yet developed, and can not carry out propositional operation

at this stage, children develop "decentralization", that is, the self-centered idea of only looking at problems from their own point of view graally disappears. At this time, children can not only focus on one aspect of the situation or problem, but also pay attention to several aspects; We can not only pay attention to the static state of things, but also see the dynamic change; It can also reverse the direction of thinking

The fourth stage is the formal operation stage. From about 11 to 12 years old, to this stage, the indivial has formed a complete cognitive structure system, can carry out formal propositional thinking, and the intellectual development tends to be mature

Piaget initially thought that the intellectual development of formal operation was about 15 years old. Later, in 1972, the original view was revised, that normal people should reach the stage of formal operation no later than 15-20 years old

7. J. Piaget's theory of cognitive development. He divided cognitive development into four major stages, and then divided into several small stages in each stage.
the first stage is sensory motor stage. From birth to about 2 years old, children in this stage can only rely on their own muscle movements and senses to cope with external things. This stage is further divided into six small stages: ① from birth to 1 month, At this time, the baby's movements become more coordinated, but it can't play with foreign objects. At this time, the baby's movements become more coordinated, but it can't play with foreign objects, The baby's vision is coordinated with grasping. It begins to fiddle with things around it. The 10 month old baby knows that things still exist when they are out of sight. ④ 10-12 months old. At this time, the behavior has a purpose, and it begins to be able to predict the effect of the behavior. ⑤ 12-18 months old. The baby will do slightly different actions for different objects to see what the results will be. ⑥ 18-24 months old, The second stage is the pre operation stage, which is about 2-7 years old. In this stage, children can only think with representation, and their thinking is superficial, primitive and chaotic. The pre operation stage can be divided into two stages: ① pre concept stage, about 2-4 years old. This stage is characterized by the emergence of symbolic function and imitation. ② intuitive thinking stage, the pre operation stage is divided into two stages, About 4-7 years old. Young children mainly reflect the surface phenomenon of things, only push from one special situation to another special situation, and describe irrelevant things as causality. Egocentrism is the prominent feature of this stage.
the third stage is the concrete operation stage. About 7-11 years old, in this stage, children form a preliminary operation structure, At this stage, children develop "decentralization", that is to say, the self-centered idea of only looking at problems from their own point of view graally disappears. At this time, children can not only focus on one aspect of the situation or problems, We can also pay attention to several aspects; We can not only pay attention to the static state of things, but also see the dynamic change; It can also reverse the direction of thinking.
the fourth stage is the stage of formal operation. From about 11 to 12 years old, the indivial has formed a complete cognitive structure system, can carry out formal propositional thinking, and the intellectual development tends to be mature. Piaget initially thought that the intellectual development of formal operation was completed at about 15 years old. Later, he revised his original view in 1972, People who think normal will reach the stage of formal operation no later than 15-20 years old.
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