Force convergence of intelligent vehicle

1、 New energy vehicle:

1. Advantages: the maximum power of internal combustion engine can be determined according to the average required power after using hybrid power, and the engine is relatively small (downsize), which is in the optimal working condition of low fuel consumption and less pollution. Because the internal combustion engine can work continuously and the battery can be charged continuously, its journey is the same as that of ordinary cars

if it is a pure electric vehicle, the technology is relatively simple and mature, and it can be charged wherever there is power supply

the energy stored per unit weight of battery is too little, and the purchase price is expensive because the battery of electric vehicle is more expensive and does not form an economic scale; As for the use cost, some test results are more expensive than the car, and some results are only 1 / 7 ~ 1 / 3 of the car, which mainly depends on the battery life and the local oil and electricity prices

1. Advantages: in the complex and changeable situation, its "brain" can adapt to circumstances, automatically select the best plan, and command the car to run normally and smoothly

intelligent cars do not need people to drive, people just sit comfortably in the car to enjoy

extended information:

basic structure of smart car:

from the concrete and practical aspects, the mature and predictable functions and systems of smart car mainly include intelligent driving system, life service system, safety protection system, location service system and car service system, etc, Each participating enterprise also develops around these functional systems

among them, each system actually includes some subdivided systems and functions. For example, intelligent driving system is a big concept and the most complex system, including intelligent sensor system, intelligent computer system, auxiliary driving system, intelligent public transportation system, etc; The life service system includes video entertainment, information inquiry and various biological services; For example, the location service system should not only provide accurate vehicle positioning function, but also enable the vehicle to realize automatic location intercommunication with other vehicles, so as to achieve the agreed goal of driving

with the combined effect of these systems, the smart car is equivalent to equipping the car with TV cameras, computers and automatic control systems of "eyes", "brain" and "feet"

Intelligent car is a new generation of car which is more humanized than ordinary car. It has multiple functions in one integrated system. It uses computer, modern sensing, information fusion, communication, artificial intelligence and automatic control technology. It is a typical high-tech complex

at present, Tesla, Xiaopeng automobile, Weilai and other well-known smart car brands are the new driving forces for the reform and growth of the future automobile instry, which combine the factors of new energy and intelligence

having driven Xiaopeng G3, Xiaopeng G3 has done a good job for the intelligent car at this stage. After getting on the car, many things do not need manual operation, such as navigation, turning on the air conditioner, turning off the windows, listening to songs, etc. all you need to do is call Xiaop, which can be handled. The owner only needs to concentrate on driving, which is really convenient

in addition, the automatic assistant driving function of Xiaopeng car is also very easy to use. When you are on the high speed, you can liberate your feet by turning on this function. It will help you set the speed automatically, and you don't have to worry about driving for several hours. There is also automatic parking. Basically, in some garages with formal design, Xiaopeng cars can automatically back into the warehouse, and also automatically detect the surrounding obstacles. It's really time-saving and worry saving

smart car (picture from Xiaopeng website)

Intelligent car is a new type of autonomous navigation driverless car, which has been put into operation in Florida. The vehicle is equipped with a navigation display screen, which can display the driving route after the driver enters the name of the destination; When encountering traffic jam, the navigation system will lead the driver to make a detour, and can automatically start, accelerate or brake according to different road conditions and speed changes. The intelligent car is composed of a road image recognition device, a small computer and a set of automatic control system controlled by electric signal. Road image recognition device is used to identify complex road conditions. Two TV cameras are installed in front of the smart car to continuously scan the road space in front of the car and convert the image in front into video signal. The recognition device can see the space of 5-20 meters in front, and treat the objects with a height of more than 10 cm as obstacles. Then, from the information received by the road image recognition device, the computer calculates the control quantity of rudder angle, speed, acceleration or deceleration. Then, compared with the parameters input into the memory of the computer in advance, the parameters related to the operation of the vehicle can be obtained quickly. Then, the automatic control system sends out command signals to control and operate the steering gear, throttle valve, brake, etc. According to the prior arrangement, the smart car can follow the designated running line to send passengers to the predetermined destination. When driving, you can turn or overtake the vehicle in front. In case of abnormal situation, corresponding emergency braking can be adopted

[auto home instry] in 2020, there will be one smart phone per person. No one will care whether the signal is good or not when making a phone call. Chips, computing power, photos, etc. become the standard to measure a good mobile phone

is it the same with cars? Will people still buy "traditional cars" when "smart cars" mature? No one can deny the possibility. Mixed with anxiety and excitement, car companies, Internet companies, governments and academia have joined in. Make "smart car" the hottest concept nowadays

but at the same time of cooperation, the issue of "dominance" is bound to be put on the agenda. In the state of cross-border integration and open sharing, what is the core competitiveness of future automobile enterprises and which enterprises will have more say in the intelligent automobile instry chain

GU Huinan believes that vehicle enterprises must master the executive part, "to realize automatic driving, the bottom layer is the on-board operating system, the middle is the perception system, and the upper layer is the computing and execution system." In principle, the main engine factory must master the data calculation and execution system, otherwise the proct cannot be differentiated

from the perspective of automatic driving company, Mo Luyi thinks that the main engine factory has the advantages of the main engine factory, and the platform enterprise has the advantages of the platform enterprise. Even among autonomous driving companies, it is far from the time of competition. "Any enterprise that solves a technical problem is a breakthrough in the whole instry."

the main engine factory has the anxiety of being subverted, and the Internet technology enterprise has the confusion of being unable to land. At this stage, cooperation is the only choice. Even in the competitive stage, the dominant power does not depend on the type of business, but on the strength of the enterprise itself. Only by mastering the core technology and user access can we hold the right to speak in our own hands

1. It giants and auto companies adopt completely different technology routes
BMW once said: "we know more about the parameters of cars than it companies, and can better ensure the safety of cars in driving. You can allow the iPhone to crash, but you must not allow the BMW to crash on the way. " This may reflect the different ideas of IT enterprises and automobile enterprises. With the support of powerful background data, network technology and intelligent software, the former can well realize the interconnection between automobile and cloud; But the automobile enterprises are more considering the practicality and safety of vehicles, they "stick to" the advantages of the car itself
in August 2012, Google announced that its driverless car has driven 300000 miles safely under computer control. Google driverless car relies on laser rangefinder, video camera, on-board radar, sensors to obtain environmental awareness and recognition ability, to ensure that the driving path follows the preset route of Google streetscape map. The device is expensive and costs about 300000 US dollars, so it is difficult to be popularized and applied on a large scale
different from IT companies, Volvo, Audi, Mercedes Benz, BMW, Toyota, Nissan, Ford and other auto giants have chosen more practical technology routes for civil intelligent vehicles. In terms of technical devices, conventional radar (centimeter wave, millimeter wave, ultrasonic), camera (stereo, color, infrared), sensor (radar, laser, ultrasonic) and camera are mainly used for environment perception and recognition. Intelligent information interaction is carried out through collaborative driving assistance technology based on Internet of vehicles, and path planning is realized by combining GPS navigation, And pay more attention to the research and development of mechatronics system dynamics and control technology, low cost, convenient for large-scale application
2. The world's auto giants are committed to the R & D and instrialization of "highly automatic driving technology"
the first two levels of "auxiliary driving technology" and "semi-automatic driving technology" of intelligent vehicles have been widely used, and become an important means to enhance proct grade and market competitiveness. The first level assistant driving technology of intelligent vehicle includes autonomous assistant driving technology and cooperative assistant driving technology, which can prevent the driver from accident by warning. Among them, autonomous assistant driving technologies, including front collision warning (FCW), lane departure warning (LDW), lane keeping system (LKS), automatic parking aid (APA), etc., have been widely used and are in the stage of popularization and promotion. Vehicle assisted driving technology has become a necessary condition to obtain e-ncap four-star and five-star. In the United States, Europe, Japan and other automobile developed countries and regions, the coordinated driving assistance technology based on V2I / V2V technology of Internet of vehicles is being developed and tested in large-scale test field. Semi automatic driving technology is graally applied in high-end vehicles, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), which has been widely used
the world's auto giants are committed to the practical R & D and instrialization of the third level of "highly automatic driving technology", and will soon realize mass proction and launch. Volvo will take the lead in mass proction of the world's first automatic driving technology - traffic jam assist system. The system is the integration and extension of adaptive cruise control and lane keeping assist system. It can make the car follow the vehicle in front automatically when the speed is less than 50 km / h. In addition, Audi, Cadillac, Nissan and Toyota all plan to launch vehicles with technologies such as automatic steering, acceleration and deceleration, lane guidance, automatic parking and adaptive cruise control. Most of them belong to the third level of intelligent driving technology
3. There is a long way to go for "all mode driverless driving"
as the v2x technology of Internet of vehicles covers many instries, such as automobile, it, transportation, communication, etc., the relevant technical standards and regulations are still not perfect, and the coordinated driving assistance technology has not been widely applied. Google's driverless car can't do without human control. It can only move according to the predetermined proceres. It will be disturbed in foggy and snowy weather, and it doesn't connect well in acceleration, deceleration and steering. In a word, the driverless technology is still in the research and development stage, and the final practical test and verification will take a long time
with the final practical test of v2x technology and the development of unmanned driving practical technology, it is necessary to further establish and improve v2x technical standards and regulations and unmanned driving technical standards and regulations of the Internet of vehicles, and graally build corresponding communication and road infrastructure to build a complete intelligent human, vehicle and road system, It lays a foundation for the large-scale promotion and application of coordinated assisted driving technology and unmanned driving technology
If a driverless car wants to really go on the road, it will also face legal and moral difficulties. On the one hand, when there is a traffic accident between driverless car and driverless car, the problems such as the ownership of responsibility and insurance compensation need to be solved through negotiation; On the other hand, driverless technology always takes the protection of vehicles and people in vehicles as the first priority, which will involve traffic ethics
4. Intelligent vehicles will have a profound and revolutionary impact on the transportation instry
intelligent vehicles will greatly rece traffic accidents. Automobile traffic accidents depend on human factors to a large extent. Driverless vehicles are precisely controlled by the driving computer, which can effectively rece the traffic accidents caused by drunk driving, fatigue driving, speeding and other non-compliance with traffic rules
intelligent vehicles will improve the utilization rate of vehicles, rece the total sales of vehicles and rece the environmental pollution caused by vehicles. According to Google's driverless car team, traditional cars are idle most of the time (96%), with low utilization. Driverless vehicles can be used by people in need in chronological order, so it can better plan and arrange the use of vehicles in the family, improve the use efficiency of vehicles, rece the total consumption of vehicles, and effectively rece carbon emissions. On the other hand, the intelligent vehicle can automatically choose the optimal path to the destination according to the real-time road conditions, which consumes less energy
intelligent vehicles will change the current situation of automobile transportation infrastructure and affect the development of automobile transportation related instries. The operation of intelligent vehicles needs supporting transportation infrastructure, and the current infrastructure construction situation will no longer be applicable. For example, because driverless vehicles rely on sensors to sense road obstacles, or communicate with road facilities through 4G / DSRC, it is necessary to lay guide cables, magnetic gas signs, radar reflective signs, sensors and communication facilities at intersections, roadsides and curves. Queue driving is also another form of intelligent vehicle, that is, the leading vehicle is driven by people, followed by the formation of unmanned vehicles. This technology will improve the degree of automation of automobile transportation

In the aspect of thermal management system, Huawei adopts an integrated design to accurately control the temperature distribution in the vehicle and effectively improve the comprehensive utilization rate of heat. High integration means that multiple components such as compressor, PTC and control unit are integrated to rece the number of pipelines by 40%, improve the reliability by 50%, and improve the energy efficiency Experience improvement and calibration efficiency improvement, to achieve higher system energy efficiency