How to calculate the axial force of a frame

1. For example, if you want to calculate a 3-axis frame, the load should be all the loads within the left and right half spans of the 3-axis frame. As for the internal force of the column and the concentrated load of the column on the foundation, because the frame is statically indeterminate structure, it needs to use the method of calculating the statically indeterminate structure. In order to simplify the calculation, the layered method is used. From top to bottom, the upper and lower half floors of each floor are taken (the top floor has only the lower half floor). The moment distribution method is used to calculate the moment and shear force of beam and column according to the rigid connection assumption at the column cut-off
if the earthquake needs to be calculated, the D-value method is used.

2. Force transfer process: the plate is transferred to the secondary beam, the secondary beam is transferred to the main beam, and the main beam is transferred to the column
the short side of two-way slab is triangle, the long side is trapezoid, and the one-way slab is transferred according to the long side. After drawing the force transfer of slab, the analysis shows that if the concentrated load = slab weight, longitudinal wall weight (decting window weight), window weight and longitudinal beam weight. Hope to help you.

3. No, it doesn't matter
manual calculation is to familiarize you with the whole process
this thing can't be calculated by model
at present, manual calculation and computer calculation are completely separated, and the results of computer calculation guide the construction. Hand counting is to let you know how to count
I hope the answer will help you!

4. It depends on how your secondary beams are arranged and what slabs are divided into
if it is a one-way slab, the load of the slab is transferred to the secondary beam, and the secondary beam acts on the main beam of BC span with concentrated load
if it is a two-way slab, part of the load of the slab is transferred to the secondary beam, and the secondary beam still has a concentrated load on the BC main beam. In addition, the load of a partial slab acts on the BC main beam to form a uniform load.

5. Hello, if it is a framework, it can be directly modeled and calculated in PK mole. PK is to analyze a single framework separately.

6. Take 5-axis or 6-axis, and the load width is 7.2m
the proportion of toilet occupied area is a little large.

7.

First of all, the internal force calculation of a plane frame should set up the frame size, the number of floors, the height of each floor and the calculation diagram; The section size of beam and column is estimated, and the linear stiffness, number of members and node number of each member are calculated; Calculate the permanent load and various variable loads acting on it, and combine the loads according to the bearing capacity and normal use. The buildings that need to be checked for earthquake resistance according to the code also need earthquake combination

manual calculation: among various approximate methods, it is recommended to use the iterative method (Carney method) to calculate the maximum bending moment, maximum shear force and maximum axial force of a certain section of each member according to various most unfavorable load arrangements. This step is the most troublesome work. The strength of the material should also be set for the calculation of the normal use state

The software of PK or satw. Input all kinds of data, the results may also need to adjust and re-enter

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< H2 > extended data:

Introction to PKPM:

1. PK mole has two functions: two-dimensional structure calculation and construction drawing of reinforced concrete beam and column:

mole provides a structural calculation software of plane bar system, which is suitable for various regular and complex types of frame structure, frame bent structure, frame structure, steel structure, steel structure, etc Bent structure, shear wall simplified wall frame structure and continuous beam, arch structure, truss, etc. The scale is within 30 floors and 20 spans

in the whole PKPM system, PK undertakes the auxiliary design of reinforced concrete beam and column construction drawing. In addition to relay PK two-dimensional calculation results, it can complete the construction drawing aided design of reinforced concrete frame, bent and continuous beam, it can also relay the calculation results of multi-storey and high-rise three-dimensional analysis software tat, SATWE and PMSAP, as well as the calculation results of brick concrete bottom frame and frame supported beam

it can provide users with four ways to draw beam and column construction drawings, including overall drawing of beam and column, separate drawing of beam and column, plan representation of beam and column reinforcement, construction drawing of beam surface and column surface in Guangdong area, and beam and column construction drawing of high-rise buildings below 100 floors

PK software can deal with various situations such as orthogonal or oblique intersection of beam and column, beam staggered layer, beam and column extraction, unequal height of bottom column, hinged roof beam, etc. it can set cantilever beam, bracket and secondary beam at any position, draw beams of more than ten cross-section forms, draw folded beam, haunch beam, variable cross-section beam, rectangular beam, I-beam, circular column or bent column, and have various forms of column stirrups

According to the requirements of the new code, the calculation and checking of strong column and weak beam, strong shear and weak bending, joint core, column axial compression ratio, column volume stirrup ratio, elastic-plastic displacement calculation of weak layer under rare earthquake, vertical seismic force calculation, frame beam crack width calculation and beam deflection calculation are carried out

According to the new specification and construction manual, the configuration of structural reinforcement is completed automatically

At the same time, it can also provide the designer with a variety of ways to pre select reinforcement, layout, structural reinforcement and other construction drawing results

6. Under the Chinese menu prompt, provide a wealth of calculation model diagrams and results graphics, provide template drawings and steel material table

It can be connected with "PMCAD" software to automatically guide the load and generate the plane bar data files needed for structural calculation

Finally, the program can generate the database of beam column reinforcement, which can provide data for the follow-up time history analysis and budget software

structural plane computer aided design software (PMCAD):

PMCAD is the core of the whole structural CAD. The whole building structural model established by PMCAD is the pre-processing part of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional structural calculation software of PKPM, and is also the necessary interface software between the construction drawing design software of beam, column, shear wall, floor and foundation CAD

PMCAD is also a necessary interface between architectural CAD and structure

input the information of floor layout, secondary beams, precast slabs, openings, staggered floors, overhanging eaves, etc. and additional load information in a simple and easy to learn way of human-computer interaction, so as to provide the functions of interrupting, modifying, ing, querying and continuing operation at any time in the process of human-computer interaction

automatically conct the load conction from the floor to the secondary beam, from the secondary beam to the bearing beam, and automatically calculate the structure weight, and automatically calculate the load input by human-computer interaction, forming the load database of the whole building, which can be queried and modified by users at any time. This data can automatically provide data files for PKPM series structural calculation software, and can also provide data for continuous secondary beam and floor calculation

draw the structural plan and floor reinforcement diagram of various types of structures. Including column, beam, wall, hole layout, size, off-axis, draw the axis and total size line, draw the precast slab, secondary beam and floor opening layout, calculate the cast-in-place floor internal force and reinforcement, and draw the slab reinforcement diagram. Draw the detail drawing of the joint of the ring beam and column of the brick concrete structure

8.

It is suggested that you take the following frame for calculation

this structure has only three spans and no cantilevers, so the amount of calculation is less than other structures

9. Can choose at will, had better choose a few layers