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1. Sampling:
1. The ore flow at the mouth of the spoon is vertical and moves the sample spoon at constant speed along the whole length of the ore flow, and the sampling time of the sample spoon shall not exceed 2 / 3 of the sample spoon
2. As soon as the overflow of the sampling pot flows out, stop sampling to ensure that the sampling is representative and the results are the most authentic< 2. Pulp Fineness Measurement:
1. Sampling: the sampling spoon is vertical to the ore flow, and moves the spoon at constant speed along the whole length of the ore flow to intercept the ore sample, and the sampling time of the spoon should not exceed 2 / 3 of the spoon
2. Weigh the scale sample, record the data carefully and accurately, calibrate the zero point of the scale sample and keep it clean, scrub it clean after each use to avoid error, and record the data W2 (the weight should be wiped clean and put back into the weight box after each use)
3. Screening: if there is a large amount of solid ring screening, it can be screened in batches. It is not allowed to pour a large amount of pulp into the screen at one time. Otherwise, it is easy to damage the bottom of the screen and it is difficult to carry out screening. The procts on the screen can be transferred to the original concentration pot
4. Fill the concentration pot with clean water until it just overflows the overflow surface, and record the transferred sample as W3
5. Pour out the ore, clean and dry the concentration pot, fill it with clean water, and weigh it as W1
6. According to the formula, the yield under screening = 100 - (w3-w1) / (w2-w1) × 100
3. Precautions:
1. Wear labor protection appliances and strictly abide by sampling rules
2. Calibrate before weighing
3. Sieve thoroughly
4. After use, the tools should be placed in the specified place< The ball mill is the main equipment of mineral processing in mines, which can separate and screen different mineral materials and separate tailings. It is very important to improve the quality of ore material. It can process all kinds of grinding materials, non-ferrous metal processing, new building materials. The fineness of the selected ore is uniform and the quality is good< 5. Fineness is the operation index of grinding and grading process of ball mill. In proction, it is necessary to measure the fineness of mill discharge, grading overflow and grit (or return) frequently, so as to adjust the operation in time.
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2. Improve the grinding system to improve the grinding efficiency
3. High efficiency separator is added
any of the above three methods can greatly improve the output of ball mill. Of course, if the factory conditions permit, the above three methods are used together, and the effect is the most ideal, which is also the general trend of grinding system design at home and abroad in recent years. Three relations: the premise of fine crushing before grinding, the guarantee of powder selection after grinding, and the fundamental transformation in grinding. The fine crushing before grinding greatly reces the particle size of the material to be grinded, thus recing the load of the grinding system; The most direct benefit is that the fine powder of finished proct is selected in time to the maximum extent, so as to rece the powder return rate of finished cement proct and rece the load of ball mill; The most fundamental solution is to improve the grinding system. If the efficiency of grinding system is low, not only the output of ball mill, but also the quality of cement will be affected
the cost of grinding operation is a higher part of the concentrator. How to effectively and reasonably control the grinding fineness is an important factor to directly rece the cost of beneficiation and improve the economic benefit of the concentrator. Grinding fineness is one of the factors that affect the beneficiation indexes. The size of grinding fineness directly affects the concentrate grade and proct recovery. Therefore, the technical operation of ball grinder is very important. First of all, it is necessary to fully understand the influencing factors of grinding fineness. To sum up, the influencing factors of grinding fineness are: raw ore hardness, crushing particle size, grid screen hole, ore feeding amount, energy-saving ball mill model, steel ball quantity, steel ball size ratio, energy-saving ball mill liner wear, energy-saving ball mill speed, classifier speed, classifier spindle lifting height, classifier blade wear, classifier overflow weir height The size of the lower opening of the classifier, the size of the lower opening of the classifier, the size of the upper opening of the classifier, the size of the upper opening of the classifier, the size of the water flow at the sand return, the size of the water supply to the energy-saving ball mill, and the size of the flushing at the discharge port of the energy-saving ball mill, etc. After understanding all these influencing factors, we need to find out the best adjusting factors one by one in the proction operation
influence of hardness of raw ore on ball mill: different ores have different hardness. This factor is fixed relative to the same ore and cannot be adjusted. But in proction, under the premise of the technical requirements of mineral processing technology, reasonable ore blending can be carried out to make the ore size as uniform as possible, and the proportion of massive and powdery ore is reasonable and stable. In addition, at the belt feeding place of energy-saving ball mill, the belt may leak ore e to long-time wear, and most of the leakage is fine ore. this part of leakage ore must be added to the energy-saving ball mill as soon as possible. If it is piled up for a long time and added intensively, it will cause uneven ball mill feeding and unstable proction. In particular, it is difficult to beneficiate. The properties of fine minerals and lump minerals are not the same. The lifting height of classifier spindle is also an important factor affecting the amount of return sand and grinding fineness. Generally, the main shaft of the classifier should be put in place in normal proction. After the equipment maintenance, the ball grinder in some concentrators failed to clean up the ore in the classifier, and the ore slime settled more solid after a long time of settling. When lowering the main shaft of the classifier, e to carelessness, the main shaft was not completely lowered, resulting in less sand return than normal. In addition, if the spindle is not put down, it may be that the spindle has not been cleaned and oiled for a long time, so attention should be paid ring operation. The adjustment of crushing particle size and sieve hole is the key. The ball mill worker must supervise the crushing system. If the particle size of energy-saving ball mill changes in proction, it must be reflected to the crushing workshop immediately. Finally, the finer the crushing particle size, the better. Classifier blade wear: after blade wear, relative to the rection of return sand, resulting in the coarsening of grinding fineness. In addition, if the blade wear is severe, it will affect the classifier life, so check the blade wear in time ring work, and replace the worn blade in time. Speed of energy-saving ball mill, speed of classifier, impeller spacing of classifier: it has been determined when purchasing energy-saving ball mill, please check and consult when purchasing. The height of the overflow weir of the classifier affects the size of the sedimentation area of the ore. in proction, we can adjust the height of the overflow weir of the classifier according to the requirements of the grinding fineness. If the grinding fineness is required to be reced, angle iron with a certain height can be welded on both sides of the classifier, and the height of the overflow weir of the classifier can be adjusted by inserting a wooden wrench. Sometimes, the slime is accumulated for a long time, The height of overflow weir can be raised naturally. The size of the lower opening of the classifier, the size of the lower opening of the classifier, the size of the upper opening of the classifier and the size of the upper opening of the classifier are made on site ring the installation of the equipment. In many concentrators, the size of the opening of the classifier is not adjusted properly ring the installation of the equipment, and the workers do not pay much attention to it ring the operation, which virtually affects the grinding operation. The lower opening of the classifier is low, and the ore sedimentation area is relatively large, so the amount of return sand will be large, and the grinding fineness will be relatively fine. The lower opening of the classifier is large, and the ore sedimentation area is relatively large, and the water flow is relatively gentle, so the amount of return sand will be large, the grinding fineness will be relatively small, and the upper opening of the classifier will be large, The relative return sand amount is relatively large and the grinding fineness is relatively fine. Otherwise, the opposite is true. We should assume that all other factors are normal, and the principle is: in the case of a certain grinding fineness, we should maximize the processing capacity, which can effectively improve the proction efficiency Relatively speaking, the finer the grinding fineness is, the more sufficient the dissociation between useful minerals and gangue minerals is, which is beneficial to improve the metal recovery. Therefore, under the condition of a certain amount of ore, the grinding fineness should be improved as much as possible. In addition, grinding is the first link of mineral processing technology, in order to ensure the stability of proction, grinding should be as stable as possible. In the case of a certain amount of ore feeding, the size of flushing water and ore feeding directly affect the fineness of grinding. In many domestic mines, grinding automation has not been realized. The size of water is directly adjusted by ball grinder manually. Because the water flow in these two places is large, it is difficult to see the increase and decrease, so careful observation and fine adjustment are required. First of all, we must understand that as the feed water of the energy-saving ball mill increases, the grinding concentration becomes thinner and the grinding fineness becomes coarser. On the contrary, as the feed water of the energy-saving ball mill decreases, the grinding concentration becomes larger and the grinding fineness becomes finer. The flushing water at the discharge port of the energy-saving ball mill becomes larger, the overflow flow becomes thinner, and the overflow fineness becomes smaller. On the contrary, the flushing water at the discharge port of the energy-saving ball mill becomes smaller, the overflow becomes thicker, and the overflow fineness becomes thicker. Therefore, in other conditions, including the same amount of ore, in order to improve the grinding fineness, the feed water of energy-saving ball mill can be reced, and the flushing water at the discharge port of energy-saving ball mill can be increased. It is better to adjust these two conditions at the same time, so as to rece the fluctuation of flotation caused by the change of pulp amount caused by the adjustment of grinding fineness. In many concentrators, e to the operation of ball grinder, the amount of ore paddle changes greatly, resulting in the instability of flotation liquid level. If the flotation worker does not deal with it in time, it will cause the change of metal recovery and grade. If the grinding fineness is coarsened, it will be the opposite. On the premise of ensuring the grinding fineness, the feeding capacity of energy-saving ball mill can be increased. The size of ore feeding should not only meet the requirements of grinding fineness, but also keep the energy-saving ball mill from bulging. The whole process must be carried out in all aspects of the subtle operation
the influence of other problems on grinding fineness: grinding is also related to the size ratio of steel balls. How to add steel ball according to the proportion of steel ball size depends on the diameter of energy-saving ball mill, ore hardness, ore particle size into energy-saving ball mill, steel ball hardness (quality), speed of energy-saving ball mill and other factors. When the model of energy-saving ball mill is determined, the speed of energy-saving ball mill is also determined. The hardness of ore is determinable. The particle size of ore into the energy-saving ball mill is determined by changing the size of the screen. This information is provided by www.gyxxjx.com provide
in open circuit grinding, the factors that affect the grinding mass fraction are the properties of raw ore (mainly particle size composition), ore feeding amount and ore feeding water. In addition to the particle size composition of raw ore, the grinding mass fraction and ball adding system also affect the grinding fineness. When the property of raw ore changes, if the coarse particle increases and the ore feed remains unchanged, the back water should be reced and the grinding mass fraction should be increased to ensure the grinding fineness. If the fine particle increases, the back water should be increased and the ore feed should be increased appropriately to rece the over crushing. Under the condition of keeping the ore properties and medium conditions unchanged, the grinding fineness generally increases with the increase of grinding mass fraction within a certain range, and vice versa. In a word, the grinding mass fraction can be adjusted by adjusting the feed water quantity, and then the grinding fineness can be controlled
in closed-circuit grinding, the situation becomes more complicated, adding a factor of sand return. When the feed water is constant, the increase of raw feed and return sand will increase the grinding mass fraction, otherwise it will decrease. The grinding fineness is affected not only by the amount of return sand, but also by the classification efficiency. When the amount of return sand is large, the particle size composition of the whole feed is changed, the fine particle size is increased, and the grinding speed is fast. Therefore, the grinding mass fraction should be appropriately reced, and the discharge speed should be increased to rece the over crushing. When the amount of return sand is reced and the raw ore is coarse, it is necessary to rece the back water to improve the grinding mass fraction.
since 2017, the State Council issued the "guiding opinions on deepening the Internet plus advanced manufacturing instry" to develop instrial Internet, all localities have stepped up the pace of construction and development of instrial Internet. To develop instrial Internet, network system is the foundation, platform system is the key, and security system is the guarantee. All provinces, cities and regions should closely and systematically build three systems of network, platform and security, build a new network infrastructure of full interconnection of people, machines and things, and fully promote the seven tasks:
1. Consolidate the network foundation of instrial Internet
consolidate the network foundation of instrial Internet, and focus on network transformation and upgrading, speed-up and cost rection, and identification analysis, Promote three aspects of work:
first, to IPv6, instrial passive optical network (PON), instrial wireless, time sensitive network (TSN) and other technologies to transform the instrial enterprise intranet
Secondly, IPv6, software defined network (SDN) and new cellular mobile communication technology (5g Technology) are used to upgrade the external network of instrial enterprisesThird, promote the construction of identification resolution system, focus on the national top nodes of instrial Internet identification resolution, and promote the construction and connection of instrial secondary pick-up points
2. Build platform system
first, cultivate instrial Internet platform, take enterprises as the leading, build cross instry and cross domain platform, and realize multi platform interconnection
Second, the instrial Internet platform test was carried out. Support instry alliance, enterprises and scientific research institutions to build test verification platform and carry out technical verification and test evaluation
Third, promote and attract enterprises to the cloud. Encourage the instrial Internet platform to land in the instrial cluster area, and encourage the business system of small and medium-sized enterprises to migrate to the cloud through financial and tax support, government purchase of services, etcFourth, cultivate instrial app, support the cooperation among software enterprises, instrial enterprises and scientific research institutes, and cultivate a number of instrial app oriented to specific instries and specific scenarios
3. Strengthen the instrial support
to strengthen the instrial support, we must increase the key generic technology research efforts, and improve the supply capacity of procts and solutions:
first, the key generic technology support. Enterprises and research institutes are encouraged to cooperate to carry out joint research on key technologies, network technologies and integrated application technologies of instrial Internet, and promote the application of edge computing, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, virtual reality, blockchain and other technologies in instrial Internet
Second, system solution support. Around intelligent sensors, instrial software, instrial network equipment, instrial security equipment, identification analysis and other fields, promote a number of economic and practical micro service system solutions4. Promoting integrated application
the work of integrated innovation should be carried out around the two main bodies of large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises:
for large enterprises, accelerate the application of instrial Internet in the instrial field; Carry out large-scale customization for personalized needs and proct design, proction and manufacturing precise docking
for small and medium-sized enterprises, the business system is migrated to the cloud; Carry out innovative applications such as supply and demand docking, integrated supply chain, instrial e-commerce, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding
First, build an innovation system: effectively integrate the innovation resources of universities, scientific research institutes and enterprises, focus on major common needs and instry needs, and face the needs of key technologies and platforms to carry out collaborative innovation of Instry University Research InstituteSecond, build an application ecology and encourage instrial Internet service providers to provide value-added services such as consultation and diagnosis, exhibition, instry information, talent training and park enterprise docking for manufacturing enterprises
thirdly, we should build a collaborative development system of enterprises, which is demand-oriented and based on the instrial Internet platform to build new proction organization modes such as intermediary shared manufacturing, mass innovation shared manufacturing, service-oriented demand shared manufacturing and collaborative shared manufacturing
Fourthly, build a regional collaborative development system, instrial Internet innovation center and instrial Internet instry demonstration base Strengthening security is the bottom line of the development of instrial Internet. We must effectively improve the ability of security protection, establish a data security protection system, and promote the construction of security technology means. In addition, all regions should also vigorously develop the information security instry, promote the development of related technologies and instries such as identification resolution system security, instrial Internet platform security, instrial control system security and instrial big data security, carry out security consulting, evaluation and certification services, and improve the overall security service capability Adhere to open cooperation first, strengthen regional and even international enterprise cooperation, and form a close cooperation relationship across fields and the whole instrial chain Second, establish a multi-level communication and dialogue mechanism among government, instry alliance and enterprises Third, actively participate in the coordination and cooperation of international organizations, and participate in the discussion and formulation of instrial Internet standards and international rules