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Publish: 2021-05-09 19:23:52
1. Cartel (Cartel)
an organization composed of a series of independent enterprises procing similar procts, which is a procer of collective action, with the purpose of increasing the price of such procts and controlling their output. According to American antitrust law, cartel is illegal
cartel is one of the forms of monopoly organization. In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, the enterprises that proce or sell a certain kind of goods form an alliance by concluding agreements on the price, output and sales of goods. Members of the alliance remain independent in proction, commerce and law
cartel is a transliteration of cartel, which originally means agreement or alliance. In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods reach agreements on dividing the sales market, regulating the output of procts, and determining the price of goods. It is an important form of capitalist monopoly organization. It was first proced in Germany in 1865. After the first World War, it developed rapidly in various capitalist countries. With the internationalization of monopoly capital, international cartel has emerged. According to the content of the agreement, cartels can be divided into cartels that stipulate sales conditions, selling prices, proct output, profit distribution and raw material distribution. As members of the cartel, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods shall maintain their legal personality and conct proction and operation independently, but they must abide by the provisions of the agreement. When a cartel is established, it usually signs a written agreement, and some take the form of oral agreement. The cartel committee is jointly elected by the member enterprises, whose responsibility is to supervise the implementation of the agreement, keep and use the cartel fund, etc. Because the economic strength of member enterprises will change with the development of economy, the cartel's monopoly alliance lacks stability and persistence, and it often needs to sign new agreements, which will collapse because the member enterprises violate the agreements in the competition of striving for the sales market and expanding the proction and sales quota.
an organization composed of a series of independent enterprises procing similar procts, which is a procer of collective action, with the purpose of increasing the price of such procts and controlling their output. According to American antitrust law, cartel is illegal
cartel is one of the forms of monopoly organization. In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, the enterprises that proce or sell a certain kind of goods form an alliance by concluding agreements on the price, output and sales of goods. Members of the alliance remain independent in proction, commerce and law
cartel is a transliteration of cartel, which originally means agreement or alliance. In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods reach agreements on dividing the sales market, regulating the output of procts, and determining the price of goods. It is an important form of capitalist monopoly organization. It was first proced in Germany in 1865. After the first World War, it developed rapidly in various capitalist countries. With the internationalization of monopoly capital, international cartel has emerged. According to the content of the agreement, cartels can be divided into cartels that stipulate sales conditions, selling prices, proct output, profit distribution and raw material distribution. As members of the cartel, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods shall maintain their legal personality and conct proction and operation independently, but they must abide by the provisions of the agreement. When a cartel is established, it usually signs a written agreement, and some take the form of oral agreement. The cartel committee is jointly elected by the member enterprises, whose responsibility is to supervise the implementation of the agreement, keep and use the cartel fund, etc. Because the economic strength of member enterprises will change with the development of economy, the cartel's monopoly alliance lacks stability and persistence, and it often needs to sign new agreements, which will collapse because the member enterprises violate the agreements in the competition of striving for the sales market and expanding the proction and sales quota.
2.
Cartel is an organization composed of a series of independent enterprises that proce similar procts. It is the procer of collective action. Its purpose is to increase the price of such procts and control their output
According to American antitrust law, cartel is illegal. Monopoly interest group, monopoly alliance, enterprise alliance and cartel, also known as cartel, are one of the forms of monopoly organization In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, enterprises that proce or sell a certain kind of goods form an alliance by concluding agreements on the price, output and sales of goods. Members of the alliance remain independent in proction, commerce and law A group of enterprises that are formally colluded to operate together is called cartel, and its usual way of seeking profits is to limit the output of its members to raise the price. So far, the most famous cartel in the world is the OPEC cartel In order to achieve this goal, a series of agreements will be concluded within the cartel to determine the output and price of the whole cartel, and to specify the sales volume and sales area of each enterprisean organization composed of a series of independent enterprises procing similar procts and procers acting collectively to increase the price and control the output of such procts. According to American antitrust law, cartel is illegal
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extended materials: the origin of Cartel: cartel is a transliteration of French cartel, originally meaning agreement or alliance. In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods reach agreements on dividing the sales market, regulating the output of procts, and determining the price of goods
according to the content of the agreement, cartels can be divided into cartels with specified sales conditions, cartels with specified sales price, cartels with specified proct output, cartels with specified profit distribution, cartels with specified raw material distribution, etc
As members of cartels, enterprises procing similar commodities shall keep their legal personality and conct proction and operation independently, but they must abide by the provisions of the agreement When a cartel is established, it usually signs a written agreement, and some take the form of oral agreement. The cartel committee is jointly elected by the member enterprises, whose responsibility is to supervise the implementation of the agreement, keep and use the cartel fund, etcbecause the economic strength of member enterprises will change with economic development, cartel monopoly alliance lacks stability and persistence, and often needs to sign new agreements, or even collapse because of member enterprises' violation of agreements in the competition for sales market and expanding proction and sales quota
source of reference: Network cartel
3. 1. Business trust: the United States (first appeared in the United States in 1879, such as Mobil Oil trust, whisky trust, etc.)
2. Le Syndicat: France (proced at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, such as longway and Saint Gon Glass Corporation.)
3. Concern: Japan (formed in the late 19th century and early 20th century, such as Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo and Yasuda.)< 4. Cartel: Germany (first proced in 1865)
2. Le Syndicat: France (proced at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, such as longway and Saint Gon Glass Corporation.)
3. Concern: Japan (formed in the late 19th century and early 20th century, such as Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo and Yasuda.)< 4. Cartel: Germany (first proced in 1865)
4. I hope my answer can help you< Cartel (from French Cartel), original agreement or alliance, is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to a kind of monopoly alliance formed by the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods, in order to obtain high profits, reaching an agreement in dividing the sales market, regulating the output of goods, and determining the price of goods. Enterprises participating in cartels maintain their independence in proction, trade, finance and law. Therefore, cartel monopoly is not stable. However, if they violate the provisions of the North China joint agreement, they will also be fined, deprived of privileges and other penalties. Germany used to be the most cartel ridden country Cartels are mainly in the field of sales
2. Syndicat (French) originally means "combination" and "union". It is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to the monopoly organization established by a small number of large enterprises in the same proction department to obtain high profits by signing agreements on joint sale of procts and purchase of raw materials. The enterprises participating in the syndicate remain independent in proction and law, but they have lost their autonomy in business. Syndicate is stronger than cartel Syndicate is mainly in the field of purchasing and sales< Trust is an advanced form of monopoly organization. It refers to a large monopoly enterprise composed of many enterprises that proce similar goods or have close relations in proction in order to monopolize the proction and marketing of certain goods and obtain high profits. It can be divided into various types according to its composition. Such as trust based on financial control, trust based on business combination, etc. Trust is the most common in America The role of trust covers the whole purchase, proction and sales. It can be said that it is a big monopoly enterprise
4. Konzern (from German Konzern) originally means multi enterprise group. This is a very complex form of monopoly organization. It means that many enterprises belonging to different economic sectors are united together, and a variety of enterprise groups are formed with the most powerful monopoly enterprises as the core. Conzern is usually based on financial control, and its core can be large banks or large instrial enterprises.
2. Syndicat (French) originally means "combination" and "union". It is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to the monopoly organization established by a small number of large enterprises in the same proction department to obtain high profits by signing agreements on joint sale of procts and purchase of raw materials. The enterprises participating in the syndicate remain independent in proction and law, but they have lost their autonomy in business. Syndicate is stronger than cartel Syndicate is mainly in the field of purchasing and sales< Trust is an advanced form of monopoly organization. It refers to a large monopoly enterprise composed of many enterprises that proce similar goods or have close relations in proction in order to monopolize the proction and marketing of certain goods and obtain high profits. It can be divided into various types according to its composition. Such as trust based on financial control, trust based on business combination, etc. Trust is the most common in America The role of trust covers the whole purchase, proction and sales. It can be said that it is a big monopoly enterprise
4. Konzern (from German Konzern) originally means multi enterprise group. This is a very complex form of monopoly organization. It means that many enterprises belonging to different economic sectors are united together, and a variety of enterprise groups are formed with the most powerful monopoly enterprises as the core. Conzern is usually based on financial control, and its core can be large banks or large instrial enterprises.
5. I hope my answer can help you! Cartel (from French Cartel), original agreement or alliance, is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to a kind of monopoly alliance formed by the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods, in order to obtain high profits, reaching an agreement in dividing the sales market, regulating the output of goods, and determining the price of goods. Enterprises participating in cartels maintain their independence in proction, trade, finance and law. Therefore, cartel monopoly is not stable. However, if they violate the provisions of the North China joint agreement, they will also be fined, deprived of privileges and other penalties. Germany used to be the most cartel ridden country Cartels are mainly in the field of sales. 2. Syndicat (French) originally means "combination" and "union". It is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to the monopoly organization established by a small number of large enterprises in the same proction department to obtain high profits by signing agreements on joint sale of procts and purchase of raw materials. The enterprises participating in the syndicate remain independent in proction and law, but they have lost their autonomy in business. Syndicate is stronger than cartel Syndicate is mainly in the field of purchasing and sales. 3. Trust is an advanced form of monopoly organization. It refers to a large monopoly enterprise composed of many enterprises that proce similar goods or have close relations in proction in order to monopolize the proction and marketing of certain goods and obtain high profits. It can be divided into various types according to its composition. Such as trust based on financial control, trust based on business combination, etc. Trust is the most common in America The role of trust covers the whole purchase, proction and sales. It can be said that it is a big monopoly enterprise.
6. Cartel is a transliteration of cartel, which originally means agreement or alliance. In order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods reach agreements on dividing the sales market, regulating the output of procts, and determining the price of goods. It is an important form of capitalist monopoly organization. It was first proced in Germany (German: Kartell) in 1865. After the first World War, it developed rapidly in various capitalist countries. With the internationalization of monopoly capital, international cartel has emerged. According to the content of the agreement, cartels can be divided into cartels that stipulate sales conditions, selling prices, proct output, profit distribution and raw material distribution. As members of the cartel, the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods shall maintain their legal personality and conct proction and operation independently, but they must abide by the provisions of the agreement. When a cartel is established, it usually signs a written agreement, and some take the form of oral agreement. The cartel committee is jointly elected by the member enterprises, whose responsibility is to supervise the implementation of the agreement, keep and use the cartel fund, etc. Because the economic strength of member enterprises will change with the development of economy, the cartel's monopoly alliance lacks stability and persistence, and it often needs to sign new agreements, which will collapse because the member enterprises violate the agreements in the competition of striving for the sales market and expanding the proction and sales quota.
7. 1. Cartel (from French Cartel), original agreement or alliance, is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to a kind of monopoly alliance formed by the enterprises that proce the same kind of goods, in order to obtain high profits, reaching an agreement in dividing the sales market, regulating the output of goods, and determining the price of goods. Enterprises participating in cartels maintain their independence in proction, trade, finance and law. Therefore, cartel monopoly is not stable. However, if they violate the provisions of the North China joint agreement, they will also be fined, deprived of privileges and other penalties. Germany used to be the most cartel ridden country Cartels are mainly in the field of sales
2. Syndicat (French) originally means "combination" and "union". It is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to the monopoly organization established by a small number of large enterprises in the same proction department to obtain high profits by signing agreements on joint sale of procts and purchase of raw materials. The enterprises participating in the syndicate remain independent in proction and law, but they have lost their autonomy in business. Syndicate is stronger than cartel Syndicate is mainly in the field of purchasing and sales< Trust is an advanced form of monopoly organization. It refers to a large monopoly enterprise composed of many enterprises that proce similar goods or have close relations in proction in order to monopolize the proction and marketing of certain goods and obtain high profits. It can be divided into various types according to its composition. Such as trust based on financial control, trust based on business combination, etc. Trust is the most common in America The role of trust covers the whole purchase, proction and sales. It can be said that it is a big monopoly enterprise
4. Konzern (from German Konzern) originally means multi enterprise group. This is a very complex form of monopoly organization. It means that many enterprises belonging to different economic sectors are united together, and a variety of enterprise groups are formed with the most powerful monopoly enterprises as the core. Conzern is usually based on financial control, and its core can be large banks or large instrial enterprises.
2. Syndicat (French) originally means "combination" and "union". It is an important form of monopoly organization. It refers to the monopoly organization established by a small number of large enterprises in the same proction department to obtain high profits by signing agreements on joint sale of procts and purchase of raw materials. The enterprises participating in the syndicate remain independent in proction and law, but they have lost their autonomy in business. Syndicate is stronger than cartel Syndicate is mainly in the field of purchasing and sales< Trust is an advanced form of monopoly organization. It refers to a large monopoly enterprise composed of many enterprises that proce similar goods or have close relations in proction in order to monopolize the proction and marketing of certain goods and obtain high profits. It can be divided into various types according to its composition. Such as trust based on financial control, trust based on business combination, etc. Trust is the most common in America The role of trust covers the whole purchase, proction and sales. It can be said that it is a big monopoly enterprise
4. Konzern (from German Konzern) originally means multi enterprise group. This is a very complex form of monopoly organization. It means that many enterprises belonging to different economic sectors are united together, and a variety of enterprise groups are formed with the most powerful monopoly enterprises as the core. Conzern is usually based on financial control, and its core can be large banks or large instrial enterprises.
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9. This behavior should be regarded as gambling crime< According to the theory of joint crime, it is a joint crime:
first, there is a joint criminal intent. Knowing that others open casinos, gathering people to gamble, and taking the initiative to provide usury in casinos, we have a clear understanding of the criminal acts and criminal results of both sides< Second, they have common criminal acts. They may provide places for gambling and collect rent; Or manipulating gambling behind the scenes and profiting from it; Or issue usury and charge high interest; These are different forms of division of labor in joint gambling crime. Usury is to create conditions for gambling crime, make it more harmful, is to help behavior< Third, usury does not belong to normal economic exchanges. It is voluntary for both parties to provide gambling funds to specific objects (gamblers) in a specific place, but the purpose of providing funds is specific, so that gambling can be completed and continued
to sum up, usury in other people's casinos should be regarded as gambling crime and punished as accomplice.
first, there is a joint criminal intent. Knowing that others open casinos, gathering people to gamble, and taking the initiative to provide usury in casinos, we have a clear understanding of the criminal acts and criminal results of both sides< Second, they have common criminal acts. They may provide places for gambling and collect rent; Or manipulating gambling behind the scenes and profiting from it; Or issue usury and charge high interest; These are different forms of division of labor in joint gambling crime. Usury is to create conditions for gambling crime, make it more harmful, is to help behavior< Third, usury does not belong to normal economic exchanges. It is voluntary for both parties to provide gambling funds to specific objects (gamblers) in a specific place, but the purpose of providing funds is specific, so that gambling can be completed and continued
to sum up, usury in other people's casinos should be regarded as gambling crime and punished as accomplice.
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