1. The
virtual currency represented by
bitcoin is legal in China. In the bitcoin risk notice issued by the central bank and other five ministries and commissions at the end of 2013, bitcoin was clearly defined as a special Internet commodity. People can buy and sell it freely at their own risk, denying its monetary attribute. Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of the central bank, compared bitcoin to a tradable asset like a stamp. There are related reports on bitcoin home
bitcoin is a consensus network, contributing to a new payment system and a fully
digital currency. It is the first decentralized peer-to-peer payment network, which is controlled by its users without a central management organization or middleman. From the user's point of view, bitcoin is much like Internet cash. Bitcoin can also be regarded as the most outstanding three style bookkeeping system.
2. 
although bitcoin still has great risks, after years of development, with the increase of its application population, application scenarios and application technology, no country or organization can completely eliminate it. If you can figure it out, it is likely that countries will generally accept bitcoin and embrace it
according to my personal judgment, bitcoin, after a period of continuous development, is likely to become a world currency in the future, which can play the role of electronic gold and become the target of the value of other sovereign currencies. From this perspective, bitcoin can be used as a means of asset preservation in the future when inflation is inevitable
3. The real digital currency is issued by the state, based on the national credit, and stored in the form of electronic data. This is the national legal currency that can be circulated. So far, no country has issued digital currency, so has China. Therefore, anyone claiming to be a digital currency issued by the state is a fraud
the mode of digital currency trading through operating companies is as follows: take Ruibo coin as an example, Ruibo coin is operated by professional operating company opencoin, ripple protocol was originally designed based on means of payment, and the design idea is based on acquaintance network and trust chain. To use ripple network for remittance or loan
the premise is that in the network, the payee and the payer must be friends, or have common friends (through the transmission of friends to form a trust chain), otherwise the trust chain between the user and other users cannot be established, and the transfer cannot be carried out
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transaction mode:
at present, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because it lacks a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, and its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, so it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investors
trading platforms act as trading agents, and some of them act as market makers. The profits of these trading platforms come from investors' transaction or withdrawal fees and premium income from holding digital currency. Bitstamp, gathub, ripple Singapore, snapswap, Japan's Mt. GOx and China's new star Ruihu are the platforms with large trading volume
4. 1. Bitcoin
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009. According to the idea of Nakamoto, the open source software is designed and released, and the P2P network on it is constructed. Bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
2. Litecoin (LTC) is an improved version of digital currency inspired by bitcoin. It was designed and implemented by a programmer who worked in Google. It was released on November 9, 2011. Lightcoin and bitcoin have the same implementation principle in technology, but the creation and transfer of lightcoin is based on an open source encryption protocol, which is not managed by any central organization
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characteristics of bitcoin currency:
1. Decentralization: bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency, and the whole network is composed of users without a central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom
2. Global circulation: bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin
3. Exclusive ownership: private key is needed to control bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself
4. Low transaction cost: bitcoin can be remitted free of charge, but a transaction fee of about 1 bitfen will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution
5. At present, it is not officially recognized in China, and the specific legal documents have not been issued
The English name of kitcoin is kitcoin, which belongs to the third generation cryptocurrency in architecture, and combines the concepts of original mode, profitability, security and payment. KTC is essentially bitcoin, a virtual currency
according to the regulations on the administration of RMB, the proction and sale of token tickets are prohibited. Because there is no clear judicial interpretation of the definition of token ticket, if bitcoin is included in the "token ticket", the legal prospect of bitcoin in China will face uncertainty
the notice of the Ministry of culture and the Ministry of Commerce on strengthening the management of virtual currency of online games (Wen Shi Fa [2009] No. 20) on June 4, 2009 stated that the application scope of virtual currency of online games was defined for the first time, and the distinction between the current virtual currency of online games and the virtual props in the game was made; At the same time, the notice said that the "notice" stipulates that enterprises engaged in related services must be approved before they can operate
in 2013, the central bank issued the notice on prevention of bitcoin risk, and then it came out that the central bank interviewed more than 10 persons in charge of third-party payment companies, explicitly requiring them not to provide payment and clearing services to bitcoin, lightcoin and other trading websites. The price of bitcoin in China has dropped all the way from about 7000 yuan to 3300 yuan. More analysis said that bitcoin will withdraw from China
this is a kind of investment, and the risk is great, even in our country is not recognized by the state, so we need to be more cautious
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to prevent the possible money laundering risk of bitcoin
all branches of the people's Bank of China should pay close attention to the trend and trend of bitcoin and other similar virtual commodities with anonymous and cross-border circulation convenience, carefully study and judge the money laundering risk, and study and formulate targeted preventive measures. All branches shall bring into anti money laundering supervision the institutions established according to law and providing bitcoin registration, trading and other services within their jurisdiction, and urge them to strengthen anti money laundering monitoring
Internet stations that provide bitcoin registration and transaction services should fulfill their obligations to fight money laundering, identify users' identities, and require users to register with real names, register name, ID number and other information. p>
all financial institutions, Payment institutions and Internet websites providing bitcoin registration, trading and other services should report to China Anti Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center immediately if they find suspicious transactions related to bitcoin and other virtual commodities, and cooperate with the anti money laundering investigation activities of the people's Bank of China; If any criminal activity clues such as fraud, gambling, money laundering are found using bitcoin, they should report to the public security organ in time
6. Hello, this platform may belong to the pyramid scheme, similar to Ponzi scheme
if you make money, please don't promote it to your friends
if you have investment, please withdraw the fund in time
if you have loss, please stop it in time
if you make money but can't transfer, please report it to the relevant department
7. All countries in the world love and hate each other
some are strict, some are loose.
8. hey. Energy is the material basis of human activities. In a sense, the development of human society is inseparable from the emergence of high-quality energy and the use of advanced energy technology. In today's world, the development of energy, energy and environment are issues of common concern to the whole world and mankind, as well as important issues of China's social and economic development“ In the past, people seldom talked about the term "energy". It was the two oil crises that made it a hot topic. Energy is the most basic driving force for the development and economic growth of the whole world and the basis for human survival. Since the instrial revolution, the problem of energy security has appeared. With the rapid development of global economy, international energy security has risen to the national level, and all countries have formulated energy policies with energy supply security as the core. In the next two decades, with the support of stable energy supply, the world economy has achieved great growth. However, while enjoying the benefits of economic development and scientific and technological progress brought by energy, human beings also encounter a series of unavoidable energy security challenges. Energy shortage, resource competition and environmental pollution caused by excessive use of energy threaten human survival and development. So what is "energy"? There are about 20 definitions of energy. For example: "science and technology network book" says: "energy is the resources from which heat, light and power can be obtained" "Energy is a term that includes all fuels, running water, sunlight and wind. With appropriate conversion means, human beings can make it provide the energy they need," the British Internet book said "In all kinds of proction activities, we use heat energy, mechanical energy, light energy and electric energy to do work, which can be used as various carriers in nature as these energy sources, which are called energy sources," said the great network Encyclopedia of Japan; China's energy network encyclopedia says: "energy is a kind of energy carrier resource that can directly or through conversion provide any form of energy, such as light, heat, power, etc., needed by human beings." It can be seen that energy is a source of energy in various forms and can be converted to each other. To be exact and simple, energy is the material resource in nature that can provide some form of energy for human beings. Generally, all kinds of sources that can be used by human beings to obtain useful energy can be called energy. Energy is also called energy resource or energy resource. It refers to all kinds of energy (such as heat, electric energy, light energy and mechanical energy) or materials that can do work. It refers to all kinds of resources that can obtain useful energy directly or through processing and conversion, including primary energy such as coal, crude oil, natural gas, coalbed methane, water energy, nuclear energy, wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, secondary energy such as electric power, heat, refined oil, and other new energy and renewable energy. There are many kinds of classified energy, and through the continuous development and research of human beings, more new energy has begun to meet the needs of human beings. According to different ways of division, energy can also be divided into different types. 1. According to the source, it can be divided into three categories: the energy contained in the earth itself usually refers to the energy related to the heat energy inside the earth and the energy related to the nuclear reaction. ① Energy (mainly solar energy) from celestial bodies outside the earth. In addition to direct radiation, it also provides the basis for the generation of wind energy, water energy, bioenergy and mineral energy. Most of the energy needed by human beings comes directly or indirectly from the sun. It is plants that convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis and store it in plants. Coal, oil, natural gas and other fossil fuels are also formed by ancient buried plants and animals after a long geological period. They are essentially solar energy fixed by ancient creatures. In addition, water energy, wind energy, wave energy and ocean current energy are all converted from solar energy. ② The energy of the earth itself. Such as nuclear energy, geothermal energy, etc. ③ The energy proced by the interaction between the earth and other celestial bodies. Such as tidal energy. The magma from hot springs and volcanic eruptions is the manifestation of geothermal energy. The earth can be divided into three layers: crust, mantle and core. It is a large heat reservoir. The earth's crust is a layer on the earth's surface, generally ranging in thickness from a few kilometers to 70 kilometers. Beneath the crust is the mantle, which is mostly molten magma with a thickness of 2900 km. Volcanic eruption is usually the eruption of this part of magma. The interior of the earth is the core, and the temperature of the core center is 2000 degrees. It can be seen that the geothermal resources on the earth are also very large. 2. According to the basic form of energy, there are primary energy and secondary energy. The former is natural energy, refers to the existing energy in nature, such as coal, oil, natural gas, water and so on. The latter refers to energy procts converted from primary energy processing, such as electricity, gas, steam and various petroleum procts. Primary energy is divided into renewable energy (water energy, wind energy and biomass energy) and non renewable energy (coal, oil, natural gas, oil shale, etc.). According to the way of proction, it can be divided into primary energy (natural energy) and secondary energy (artificial energy). Primary energy refers to the energy resources that exist in nature in natural form and have not been processed or converted. Primary energy includes renewable water resources and non renewable coal, oil and natural gas resources. Three kinds of energy, including water, oil and natural gas, are the core of primary energy and become the basis of global energy; In addition, renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, biological energy and nuclear energy are also included in the scope of primary energy; Secondary energy refers to the energy resources directly or indirectly converted from primary energy into other types and forms, such as electricity, gas, gasoline, diesel, coke, clean coal, laser and biogas. 3. According to the nature of energy, there are fuel energy (coal, oil, natural gas, peat, wood) and non fuel energy (water energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy). People use energy other than their own physical strength from the beginning of fire, the earliest fuel is wood, and then use a variety of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, natural gas, peat and so on. Now we are studying the use of solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, tidal energy and other new energy. At present, the consumption of fossil fuels is very large, but the reserves of these fuels on the earth are limited. In the future, uranium and thorium will provide most of the energy needed by the world. Once the technical problems of controlling nuclear fusion are solved, human beings will actually get endless energy. 4. According to whether energy consumption causes environmental pollution, it can be divided into polluting energy and clean energy. Polluting energy includes coal, oil, etc., while clean energy includes hydropower, electric power, solar energy, wind energy and nuclear energy, etc. 5. According to the type of energy use, it can be divided into conventional energy and new energy. Conventional energy includes renewable water resources and non renewable coal, oil, natural gas and other resources in primary energy. New energy is relative to conventional energy, including solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, bioenergy and nuclear fuel for nuclear power generation. Because the energy density of new energy is small, or the grade is low, or there is intermittent, the economy of conversion and utilization according to the existing technical conditions is still poor, and it is still in the stage of research and development, so it can only be developed and utilized according to local conditions; But most of the new energy is renewable energy. Rich in resources and widely distributed, it is one of the main energy sources in the future. 6. People usually classify energy according to its morphological characteristics or the level of conversion and application. The energy types recommended by the world energy commission are: solid fuel, liquid fuel, gas fuel, water energy, electric energy, solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, ocean energy and geothermal energy. Among them, the first three types are collectively referred to as fossil fuels or fossil energy. The above-mentioned energy, which has been recognized by human beings, can be converted into some form of energy that people need under certain conditions. For example, firewood and coal can be heated to a certain temperature, and they can be combined with oxygen in the air to release a lot of heat. We can use heat for heating, cooking or refrigeration. We can also use heat to generate steam, which drives the steam turbine and turns the heat energy into mechanical energy; The steam turbine can also be used to drive the generator to change the mechanical energy into electrical energy; If electricity is sent to factories, enterprises, government agencies, farming, pastoral areas and households, it can be converted into mechanical energy, light energy or heat energy. 7. Commodity energy and non commodity energy, such as coal, oil, natural gas and electricity, are commodity energy. International statistics are limited to commodity energy. Non commercial energy mainly refers to firewood and crop resies (straw, etc.). In 1975, the world's non commercial energy was about 0.6 TWA, equivalent to 600 million tons of standard coal. It is estimated that China's non commercial energy in 1979 was about 290 million tons of standard coal. 8. Renewable energy and non renewable energy, people further classify primary energy. The energy that can be continuously supplemented or regenerated in a short period is called renewable energy, otherwise it is called non renewable energy. Wind energy, water energy, ocean energy, tidal energy, solar energy and biomass energy are renewable energy; Coal, oil and natural gas are non renewable energy. Geothermal energy is basically non renewable energy, but from the earth's huge reserves, it has the nature of regeneration. The new development of nuclear energy will make nuclear fuel cycle proliferative. The energy of nuclear fusion is 5-10 times higher than that of nuclear fission. The most suitable fuel for nuclear fusion, deuterium, is abundant in seawater. Nuclear energy is one of the pillars of the future energy system. With the increasing demand for energy in the global economic development, many developed countries pay more attention to the development and research of renewable energy, environmental protection energy and new energy; At the same time, we also believe that with the continuous progress of human science and technology, experts will continue to develop more new energy to replace the existing energy, in order to meet the high demand of global economic development and human survival for energy, and we can predict that there are many new energy on the earth that has not been discovered by human beings waiting for us to explore and research. China's energy China is a country rich in energy resources. The proven reserves of coal are more than 600 billion tons, ranking third in the world; The theoretical reserve of water resources is 680 million kilowatts, ranking the first in the world; The theoretical reserves of oil and natural gas are also abundant. However, e to China's large population, the average annual energy consumption per capita is still at a low level. According to the characteristics of China's energy resources and the actual situation of low energy utilization efficiency, China has determined the energy policy of attaching equal importance to development and energy conservation and giving priority to energy conservation in the near future. For a long time to come, China will give priority to the development of coal and hydropower; Vigorously explore and actively develop oil and gas; Nuclear power plants will be built in a planned way in areas with serious energy shortage; In the vast rural areas, biomass energy biogas and fast-growing forest of firewood carbon should be vigorously developed, and new stoves should be promoted; Actively carry out scientific experiments and demonstration utilization of new energy. China's energy situation as the largest developing country in the world, China is a big energy procer and consumer.
