Self driving from Kunshan sports center to Zhouzhuang

At the ASEAN summit in 1997, Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir first put forward the idea of "Asian dollar area" based on the direct lessons of Southeast Asian countries, especially ASEAN member countries, from the Southeast Asian financial crisis. During the 2001 APEC meeting in Shanghai, Robert A. Mundell, the "father of the euro", expressed his views on the future changes of the world currency pattern: "there will be three major currency areas in the world, namely, the euro area, the US dollar area and the Asian currency area." In 2003, Mundell proposed to set up a common currency composed of a group of currencies in the Asian region, so as to enable a regional currency called "Asian dollar" to circulate in Asia without giving up the local currency of each country. This proposal has received positive responses from many Asian countries
at the beginning of 2006, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) introced a currency symbol concept called "Asian Currency Unit" (ACU). Similar to the "European monetary unit" before the introction of the euro, it is not a real currency that can be used in circulation, but a virtual currency based on the weighted value of currency value, GDP and trade scale of several Asian countries. The ADB will determine its exchange rates against the US dollar and the euro, and publish them through its website, so as to measure the change law and volatility controllability of Asian currency exchange rates; Relevant countries can adjust their financial and monetary policies accordingly, so that the monetary mechanism will graally move closer to the "Asian monetary unit", thus laying the foundation for the official introction of the Asian dollar in the future. But the plan has been delayed because of political and technical disputes over which currencies should be included in the Asian monetary unit and how their weights should be distributed
"ten thousand years is too long, seize the day." The outbreak of the financial crisis has urged the highest decision-makers in Asian countries and the world to fully face the necessity and feasibility of Asian Monetary Union. Relevant Asian countries should put the building of the Asian dollar on the official agenda, set up full-time institutions to take charge of its affairs, and actively promote the design and construction of the Asian monetary cooperation framework
based on the experience of the development of euro, the premise of regional monetary integration becoming mature is economic integration, common political will, extensive cultural recognition and necessary cohesion
generally balanced economic development is the basic condition for the establishment of "sub yuan". There are already some free trade agreement networks in Asia, where conditions are relatively mature, all parties can maintain their own currencies, and implement regional integration by region and stage from the perspective of economic integration. Through the establishment of regional economic cooperation organization, free trade area, economic community, monetary cooperation alliance, and financial crisis prevention system, we should strengthen regional economic cooperation, seek common and stable development, adopt relatively fixed exchange rate mechanism, greatly rece the internal transaction cost, narrow the gap between the economic system and development level of countries, and strive to cross the region, Expand the scope of cooperation and create conditions
therefore, we should launch the "Asian monetary unit" type virtual currency which is separated from political sovereignty as soon as possible, develop from comparative observation to practical trial in the fields of trade accounting, clearing and reserve, and finally realize the Asian single currency area through "virtual Asian dollar", "trade Asian dollar", "small Asian dollar" and "big Asian dollar" in stages
compared with Europe, Asia has a vast territory, many countries, great differences in economic development, social system, geopolitics and values (including differences in ideology and religious belief), as well as deep historical estrangement of territorial disputes and disputes of gratitude and resentment, which leads to a great difference in the maturity of these proposals. Therefore, the establishment of a unified Asian yuan will be a long-term, arous, graal and long-term process of repeated consultation and running in; But we can start from more mature places
this "place with relatively mature conditions" should first include China, Japan, South Korea and the association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN); Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)“ In 2004, the leaders of "10 + 3" have already regarded "East Asian community" as a long-term goal and common direction Mongolia and North Korea are also East Asian countries, and can join them when appropriate.) In addition, India, located in South Asia, is not a member of APEC, but has become an observer of ASEAN. In recent years, India has actively participated in ASEAN negotiations, showing a strong interest in joining the Asian monetary integration, and may become a recent partner of the "East Asian community"
ASEAN is an active promoter of regional integration; With a very clear position, China respects and supports ASEAN's leading role in promoting regional integration. The diversity within ASEAN is very obvious. There are great differences in religious traditions, national customs, social systems and political systems. There are often many contradictions within ASEAN. However, ASEAN seems to be particularly good at using diversity as a positive resource, and can reach a consensus on many major issues. These characteristics of ASEAN have a very good experience for the integration of East Asia
the leaders of the 10 ASEAN countries have reached a consensus to eliminate trade barriers by 2015 in order to create an economic community similar to the European Union< In 1997, Japan put forward the idea of establishing an Asian Monetary Fund and promised to provide us $100 billion for this foundation. At the annual meeting of the Asian Development Bank in May 2000, the finance ministers of various countries signed the "Chiang Mai agreement" in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and negotiated and adopted the financial cooperation clause to extend the scope of the currency swap agreement among ASEAN member countries to China, Japan and South Korea. On this basis, the Asian Bond Fund was launched in 2004, and the Asian bond market agreement was strongly promoted. At present, member states have signed 16 bilateral currency swap agreements under the "10 + 3" framework, with a total scale of US $36.5 billion
on November 4, 2002, China and ten ASEAN countries signed the framework agreement on China ASEAN comprehensive economic cooperation in Phnom Penh, the capital of Cambodia. The two sides reached a timetable that China and the old ASEAN members, namely Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, will establish a free trade area in 2010, and the new ASEAN members, namely Vietnam, Laos and Thailand, will establish a free trade area in 2015 Cambodia and Myanmar will be built into free trade zones. At that time, the vast majority of procts between China and ASEAN will be subject to zero tariff and their trade will be liberalized. The free trade zone covers more than 1.8 billion people, with a total GDP of nearly US $4 trillion and an area of about 14 million square kilometers. It is the largest free trade zone composed of developing countries in the world and one of the regions with the fastest economic growth, the most economic potential and development vitality in the world
on October 24, 2008, the leaders of China, Japan, South Korea, ASEAN and other 13 Asian countries reached an agreement in Beijing to set up a $80 billion joint fund by June 2009, in order to prevent regional financial crisis and defend their own currencies, especially in view of the US dollar depletion caused by export depression, and ensure the establishment of foreign exchange sharing channels. Among them, China, Japan and South Korea have agreed to provide 80% of the funds, about US $64 billion, and the remaining US $16 billion will be jointly funded by ASEAN Member States. This move undoubtedly means a big step towards the establishment of the Asian Monetary Fund
Asia has a vast territory and complex situation. In terms of the short-term prospects, the reality of the Asian dollar lies in the introction of the virtual currency, trade currency and even the unified currency of the East Asian community; Not Asia as a whole, including West Asia, the Middle East, and the CIS countries. To be exact, shunye, the unified currency originated from the East Asian community, should be strictly called "the first Asian dollar"; However, as the strongest economy, the largest population and the earliest starting point in Asia, it is necessary to call Asia dollar as a regional unified currency to expand the whole Asia. Compared with the euro, since its inception, it has not included all European countries. Does the British Empire still stick to the pound line-up
as far as immediate interests are concerned, the United States will not hope that the world financial market will have a three polarization situation of US dollar, euro and Asian circle, but it is impossible for the United States to block the inevitable trend of historical development. East Asian integration will not exclude the legitimate interests of the United States, but will respect the necessary right of the United States to participate in multilateral affairs in East Asia. Therefore, although the United States initially expressed its opposition, it no longer opposes it. On June 19, 2006, U.S. Deputy Treasury Secretary Tim Adams said at the world economic forum in Tokyo that the United States has no objection to the creation of an Asian monetary unit, which shows that the U.S. attitude towards this issue has changed. Adams said that there is "some confusion" about the US attitude towards the Asian monetary unit. The US is not afraid of enhancing monetary cooperation among the emerging economies in Asia. "We are not opposed to creating an Asian currency. On the contrary, we hope to play a constructive role in this process and help the Asian currency to take shape."
in the face of the shock wave of the financial crisis, it is imperative for the international community to vigorously promote global cooperation, work together to rescue the market and strive to restore the normal operation of the financial system as soon as possible; And focus on the reform of financial supervision. As for the reform of the current international monetary system, an important issue involving the status of the US dollar and the development of a diversified world monetary system should also be put on the agenda. It is also very necessary for the leaders of the world's major economies to establish a clear consensus, give the green light, give full support and create favorable conditions, especially the commitment of the US, the world's financial hegemony, It will be an important step towards the diversification of international settlement currency. But we can't expect a certain immortal to make a decision like returning to the gold standard; It is also impossible to break away from the basic principle of open market and force the non US dollar dominant currency to be accepted without rigid value guarantee
recently, European leaders strongly put forward the slogan of rebuilding the Bretton Woods system. French President Nicolas Sarkozy was particularly prominent, saying that "the capitalist system that has dominated the whole international financial transaction since World War II should be re established."“ We have no right to let the luck and opportunities of the financial system built in the 21st century flow away from us. ". Two other European political giants, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, are strong supporters of Mr. Sarkozy< Some European officials, such as European Central Bank President Jean Claude Trichet, pointed out that in order to reshape the world financial system, it is necessary for countries to re formulate relevant principles similar to the Bretton Woods system after World War II
it is clear that these ambitious leaders want to build a new international financial system with great potential for the euro to replace the current international financial system centered on the US dollar. Like all freely convertible international currencies, the actual position or weight of euro in today's "unsystematic system" is determined by the market. If the euro performed well, it would have been able to compete with the US dollar in the market operation; In fact, before the outbreak of the financial crisis, some countries outside the EU accepted the euro as the international trade settlement currency. The exchange rates of the Republic of Cape Verde, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Comoros and France's overseas francs, Central African francs and West African francs are directly linked to the euro. OPEC also often talks about pricing oil in Euro, Venezuela and Iraq under Saddam Hussein

bus line: No.1 peak bus [no.1001], the whole journey is about 4.6 km

1. Walk about 680 meters from Xining railway station to Qinghai Tibet Railway Company Station

2. Take No.1 peak bus [no.1001], pass 7 stops, and reach the central square (North) station (also take No.1 or No.9)