Is crowdfunding decentralized

1. Now let's talk about the feasibility of blockchain equity crowdfunding in China. As we all know, as far as China is concerned, companies fall into two categories: joint stock companies and limited companies
joint stock companies are divided into "listed companies" and "unlisted companies". The shares of a listed company are registered in China securities registration and Clearing Corporation, so its behavior of issuing shares or trading shares is regulated by the CSRC. Here, we don't want to explain more; The shares issued by non listed companies do not need to be registered by any institution, and can be confirmed by issuing shares and maintaining the register of shareholders. Of course, many of them are registered through third-party institutions such as the instrial and commercial department or China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation, and use the local share custody center to provide third-party registration services for publicity. Moreover, when the company's equity changes, it is necessary to manually process paper equity certificates, option issuance and convertible notes. In this way, the company's stock rights can be changed, The maintenance of the register of shareholders will become very complicated, and the tracking and maintenance of transactions will become more difficult to trace with more and more transactions
if the techshares blockchain technology is used for equity crowdfunding, all the above problems can be perfectly solved. The blockchain account book is safe and transparent, and can not be tampered with. It is also easy to track, and can record the company's equity and its change history at any time
convenience of equity transfer and circulation
for equity crowdfunding, equity circulation is an important part of business, which can stimulate the activity of users and promote more registration and issuance. The traditional OTC over-the-counter equity trading is based on the credit of both sides of the transaction, and the two sides of the transaction bear the credit risk on their own. The transaction can only be carried out after the establishment of bilateral credit, and the trading platform bears the credit risk of market traders
techshares blockchain technology can rece the credit risk of transactions. In essence, it decentralizes the third party that provides credibility to a more thorough extent, that is, it is no longer limited to specific third party entities, but relies on all participants to jointly maintain a set of registration system. On the one hand, blockchain gives the right to record to the company itself, reflecting the spirit of autonomy; On the other hand, it can also ensure the openness, transparency and authenticity of information records, and minimize rights disputes. The ownership of equity is registered in the blockchain, and the equity transaction must be signed by the owner's private key to be verified; After the transaction is confirmed, the change of equity will also be recorded in the blockchain, so as to protect the interests of both parties
how to ensure safety
as an investor, the most worrying problem is the safety of funds. Traditional equity crowdfunding often has the problem of "double flowers" (Note: double flowers - Double expenses, that is, the only share is repeatedly transferred to two people). Until the electronic data is comprehensive, the central clearing agency ensures that the whole system can be leveled after trading. But the risk is often borne by the platform. Unlike traditional floor trading, equity crowdfunding business is carried out by many independent companies. Therefore, these trading activities are scattered on various platforms. With the techshares blockchain technology, the decentralized trust constructed by the blockchain can ensure the normal operation of the system and business without the need for mutual trust. Everyone becomes a node in the blockchain, with their own public key and private key, participating in rapid transaction verification and accounting. Moreover, in the initial stage of equity crowdfunding, the sponsors, crowdfunding platforms, investors and sponsors jointly sign a crowdfunding contract to agree on their respective responsibilities and obligations. The contract can be stored in the blockchain in the form of a smart contract, and the blockchain ensures that the contract cannot be tampered with ring the performance. In this way, there is no need to worry about safe space
it has strong expansibility, reasonable and legal
blockchain equity crowdfunding is composed of three-tier structure, and the bottom layer is blockchain network, which constructs a decentralized trust distributed system; The middle layer is the combination of business logic and blockchain to jointly establish account center, equity registration, equity voucher, equity transaction, equity management and other functions; The top layer is the crowdfunding platform for customer-oriented business, and the business of the platform can be extended to various fields and instries in theory
with techshares' blockchain technology, decentralized trust can be realized by building P2P self-organizing network, orderly and tamperable cryptography account book and distributed consensus mechanism. In addition, no matter the company law, the regulations on the administration of company registration or other laws and regulations, there are no specific restrictions on the form of expression of the register of shareholders maintained by the company itself. The company can choose to create and maintain the register of shareholders in any form with written records, not limited to specific carriers. Therefore, it is entirely reasonable and legal to use techshares as a carrier for equity crowdfunding on the blockchain. Once it is voluntarily chosen by the company, it can provide legal and effective proof for the company's equity (shares).

2.

illegal financing and illegal fund-raising are different kinds of charges in the criminal law. According to the criminal law, engaging in illegal fund-raising may constitute the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits or fund-raising fraud. Illegal financing refers to the activities that, without the approval of relevant departments and in the name of absorbing public deposits, absorb funds from non-specific social objects, but promise to perform the same obligations as absorbing public deposits. There are still big differences between the two. First, there are differences in the number of people between the two: 1. Fund raising is to obtain funds through "collection", which means to obtain financing from at least two or more people. 2. Financing refers to obtaining financing through more than one subject (including one subject). Secondly, there are some behavioral differences between the two: 1. Illegal fund-raising generally refers to the behavior of obtaining social funds beyond the upper limit of the number of legal financing objects. For example, the maximum number of shareholders of a limited liability company is 80, but if the company accepts more than 80 investors through equity financing, it can be classified as illegal fund-raising. 2. Illegal financing is mainly reflected in "illegal", which refers to the financing obtained by illegal means, such as obtaining bank loans by fraud of documents and relevant certificates. Legal basis: Article 176 of the criminal law of the people's Republic of China who illegally absorbs public deposits or absorbs public deposits in disguised form and disturbs financial order shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention and shall also, or shall only, be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan; If the amount is huge or if there are other serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than 10 years and shall also be fined not less than 50000 yuan but not more than 500000 yuan. Where a unit commits the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph, it shall be fined, and the persons who are directly in charge and other persons who are directly responsible for the crime shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph

3. Hello
Economic and financial
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4. One of the core values of crowdfunding: the light of ideal
what is ideal? That is, others seem impractical, but they are crazy to believe that they can do it! For the sake of crowdfunding, all of us suddenly burst into a long lost ideal light. Just because we don't know much about this new thing, we can't find its boundary, calculate its rate of return on investment, and see where its future lies. However, we are vaguely aware that this is a great cause worthy of our own time to study and practice, and may be able to create an unlimited world. To this end, ignite the passion, bloom the ideal light
the second core value of crowdfunding: equal participation
the light of ideal comes from equal participation. In the crowd funding group, there is no big brother or leader, only equal participants and different division of labor. When participating in the crowdfunding group, almost all participants consciously erase their own sense of respect and favor in their respective fields. This spirit of equality is valuable, and it is also the key to the success or failure of the crowdfunding organization or project
the third core value of crowdfunding: free choice
equal participation comes from free choice. I can freely choose to cooperate with a or B; I can choose to do this or that freely; I can freely choose to enter or exit; I can freely choose to congratulate a little bit of my strength, or I can freely choose to contribute a lot of my strength... Everything is voluntary and free. Crowdfunding participants are the free association of free people. No one can restrain anyone. Of course, this is an advantage, but also brings a gap. In crowdfunding projects, it often brings a gap beauty
the fourth core value of crowdfunding: the expression of personality (non mainstream)
free choice comes from the expression of personality (or non mainstream). Most of the post-60s, Post-70s and even post-80s were brought up with mainstream ecation. When you study, if you behave a little bit out of line, some teachers will think you are a "bad student"; When you have a little different opinion at work, leaders or colleagues will think you are a "laggard"; In the face of a broader and complex society, when you have a slightly different view from the mainstream values, people may think you are "dissident", and they may reject you. In this kind of exclusion, you will feel very depressed and unable to stay in a certain environment. All of a sudden, one day, the Internet world will come, you will suddenly find that in this virtual world, there are many people with the same point of view as me. Therefore, in the infinite space of the Internet, there is no non mainstream, all personalities have groups, can find identity, are the mainstream of their own groups, and form a new "value mainstream group". In fact, any crowdfunding project gathers a group of people who share certain values and interests
the fifth core value of crowdfunding: open space
the expression of personality comes from open space. As mentioned earlier, the Internet provides such an infinite open space, which is characterized by de platform and de centralization. This infinite space of equal participation, free choice and personality expression enables us to acquire a super ability - the ability to be free from fear. This kind of fear comes from the fear of social communication (finding the same kind), ignorance (learning to help each other), and human nature (independence and openness). In this open space, behind tens of millions of big data, there are some valuable and similar values that are slowly condensing, forming, and finally becoming indestructible.

5. At present, the crowdfunding model is graally accepted and recognized by the domestic people, and the future is very promising. Crowdfunding itself is built on the basis of openness, fairness and credit. However, e to the low credit level and low cost of breach of trust in China, people love to tell stories, but at the same time, it is hard for people to tolerate being cheated. In fact, this is a very abnormal credit environment, and it is difficult to talk about credibility. Everything needs a process. At present, people in China are still very optimistic about the crowdfunding mode. It is too early to say that the traditional investment mode will be changed by using the Internet. Some people even say that Hu will subvert investment banks and VC in the future. But now in the crowdfunding instry, although a new crowdfunding company will appear every once in a while, the current business model of crowdfunding is only service fee, but we all know how much we can charge entrepreneurs. On the whole, crowdfunding is still making money now. It will make more money for the future. It has a bright future and a long way to go< At present, there are four main modes of crowdfunding in China:
lending based crowd funding: investors invest in projects or companies to obtain a certain proportion of their debt, Equity based crowdfunding: investors invest in projects or companies and obtain a certain proportion of their equity (I give you money and you give us shares)
reward based crowdfunding: investors invest in projects or companies, Get procts or services (I give you money, you give me procts or services)
donatebased crowd funding: investors make free donations to projects or companies (I give you money, you don't have to give me anything) equity crowdfunding is not a very novel thing in fact - when investors apply for shares in IPO, it is actually a way of equity crowdfunding. But in the field of Internet finance, equity crowdfunding mainly refers to the earlier private equity investment through the network, which is a supplement to VC. At present, there are few equity crowdfunding websites in China, mainly for two reasons: first, such websites have higher requirements for talents. Equity crowdfunding website needs to have a broad network of people, which can gather angel investors / venture capitalists on its platform; Equity crowdfunding website also needs to do preliminary e diligence on the project, which requires them to have their own team of analysts; We also need a legal team who is familiar with the relevant laws of venture capital to assist investors in the establishment of partnership and post investment management. The second is the Matthew effect of such websites, that is, the stronger the strong, the weaker the weak. Investors like to gather in the same place to find suitable investment targets. When the website gathers a group of excellent investors, financiers will naturally flock to it. So the original fire on the site more and more fire, traffic flat site is difficult
you can go to many crowdfunding platforms to have a look. The steps of those crowdfunding platform projects are relatively detailed, so that they can be used as a reference to analyze which projects have the biggest profits and more commercial value at present
for example, start bar is a lifestyle consumption platform, which focuses on offline business head content in the field of consumption upgrading, and provides it with high-quality promotion solutions, as well as comprehensive services covering the upstream and downstream of the instry, including content proction, brand marketing, instry training, community operation, etc

for example, MI Xiaoli, a new crowdfunding platform, provides a one-stop comprehensive crowdfunding service information release platform for small and medium-sized enterprises, small and micro enterprises, indivials and college students entrepreneurs. Build a zero barrier bridge between the project side and the investor, assist the project side to collect complete operation evaluation data, and formulate a perfect operation plan; At the same time, ensure the rights and interests of investors, rece investment risk. To provide customers with fast, stable and efficient solutions

in fact, there are many such big platforms, but in fact, if a new platform focuses on the project sponsor, that is, the entrepreneur, it needs some projects to run, and if it is just started, it must be more serious for some big brands. Just like you go to a restaurant with good business, because there are so many people, the chef may make a pot at random, and the taste is not bad. On the contrary, if you go to a restaurant just opened, the chef will seriously prepare a dish or meal for the sake of public praise, and the taste is different.

6.

Crowdfunding is a good business form, but there are risks in investment. However, many crowdfunding projects will deliberately dilute the risks in publicity. Some investors do not have the awareness of this aspect and participate in crowdfunding based on their subjective impression, which leads to a phenomenon that successful crowdfunding is a real conscience enterprise, and failure of crowdfunding is a fraud

how big is the risk of crowdfunding? Here's an analysis for you. At the initial stage of crowdfunding, I have ideas and resources, but I'm short of money. When your money is in place, I can start to do it. Projects are generally conceptual projects, that is, no one can achieve the height of my idea. I'll do it with your money and make everyone's money, If we can't do well, we will lose together. It can be said that the risk is infinite. However, when crowdfunding develops to a certain scale, there will be venture capital financing. It won't be supported by crowdfunding all the time, so the relative risk will be controlled to a certain extent. Therefore, we should be prepared when investing in crowdfunding projects

7.

Taobao crowdfunding refers to some technology companies or emerging companies. Their procts are very human or avant-garde, which are different from the popular procts we see at present. However, they don't know the potential of this proct or the number of people who buy it, so blind manufacturing may depress inventory. So crowdfunding is to let them sell the proct first and see how many people support it, And then it's manufactured, so it's risk averse

the crowdfunding cycle of Taobao is one month, that is, the period from the release of crowdfunding to the end of crowdfunding is one month. In this month, if the seller can achieve its target value, it will carry out mass proction. If not, it can only cancel crowdfunding and return the customer support fund to the customer. That's about it

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development materials:

translated from foreign countries, the term "crowd financing" or "crowd financing", translated as "crowd financing" in Hong Kong and "crowd financing" in Taiwan. It consists of sponsors, investors and platforms. With the characteristics of low threshold, diversity, relying on public power and paying attention to creativity, it refers to the behavior of raising funds from the masses to support the indivial or organization. Generally speaking, it is through the network platform to connect the sponsor and the sponsor

mass fund-raising is used to support various activities, including disaster reconstruction, private fund-raising, election campaign, venture fund-raising, artistic creation, free software, design and invention, scientific research and public projects. Masolution research report points out that in 2013, the global total fund raised has reached US $5.1 billion, 90% of which is concentrated in the European and American markets. The World Bank report also predicts that the total amount will exceed US $96 billion in 2025, and the proportion of Asia will grow significantly

characteristics

1, low threshold: regardless of identity, status, occupation, age, gender, as long as you have ideas and creative ability, you can initiate projects

2. Diversity: the direction of crowdfunding is diverse. The categories of projects on domestic crowdfunding websites include design, technology, music, film and television, food, comics, publishing, games, photography, etc

3. Relying on the public power: the supporters are usually ordinary grassroots people, not companies, enterprises or venture capitalists

4. Pay attention to creativity: the sponsor must first show his creativity (design drawings, finished procts, planning, etc.) to pass the platform audit, not only a concept or an idea, but also operability

constitute

promoters: people who are creative but lack of funds

supporters: people who are interested in the story and return of fundraisers and have the ability to support them

platform: Internet terminal connecting sponsor and supporter

rule

1. The financing project must reach or exceed the target amount within the preset time of the sponsor

2. Within the set number of days, if the target amount is reached or exceeded, the project is successful, and the sponsor can obtain funds; After the fund-raising project is completed, the supporter will get the reward promised in advance by the sponsor, which can be in kind or service. If the project fails to raise funds, all the obtained funds will be returned to the supporter

3. Crowdfunding is not a donation, all the support of supporters must have a corresponding return

8. I have just entered a platform called "crowdfunding repayment". It is a debt crowdfunding tool, which can record data, intelligently manage and match orders (helping objects). When you have debts, you can use this tool to initiate debt crowdfunding
here are a group of debt ridden people who report to each other, help each other, and jointly clean up the spontaneous groups of debt, such as the mode of easy raise and water drop raise, where people gather firewood and fire is high...
if you help others, others will also help you. When the debt is paid off, you will be out of the tool (ashore). An account can only use this tool once in your life! After a few days, I invested 400 yuan and earned 8000 yuan in a few days

9. You can use crowdfunding, understand crowdfunding, do crowdfunding and participate in crowdfunding. You can go to the crowdfunding platform: crowdfunding Zhongyuan, where you have participated in projects. The platform has done well and is worth your understanding. I hope it can help you!