Disenchantment in Globalization
Publish: 2021-04-04 07:23:43
1. The Internet is to eliminate the (information) supply chain with low value and high cost - it is open, interconnected, peer-to-peer, global and decentralized. "
we know that the essence of the market is also decentralized. It automatically implements the decentralized agreement of "exchange of equal value." market economy is based on two deep cognitive foundations: admitting ignorance and embracing uncertainty“ Invisible hand! Therefore, the market must need the low-cost flow of information decentralization, and the Internet has just adapted to the climate of the formation of a global unified market.
we know that the essence of the market is also decentralized. It automatically implements the decentralized agreement of "exchange of equal value." market economy is based on two deep cognitive foundations: admitting ignorance and embracing uncertainty“ Invisible hand! Therefore, the market must need the low-cost flow of information decentralization, and the Internet has just adapted to the climate of the formation of a global unified market.
2. In the context of globalization, I think there will be some conflicts between the ethics of professional ethics and that of the people, but it is not the essence of this matter. It's mainly because of. The conflict between western culture and Chinese thought. I think if these two aspects conflict. National ethics must be carried out in China. After all, national interests are the first priority.
3. People like to shop around when they are shopping. So when I buy, I always choose those with better quality. If the quality of domestic procts is better, then choose domestic procts. If foreign goods are better, you can also choose foreign goods. It all depends on the indivial's subjective will. Which quality is good, which cost performance is high, go to buy which one.
4. No< With the advent of globalization, the term cultural globalization often appears in various media. The concept should be comprehensively analyzed from the understanding of cultural globalization, combined with economic, political, social life and other aspects. The word peace should be paid more attention to in this earth.
on the one hand, the process of cultural globalization brings various contradictions and conflicts to the development of national culture, On the other hand, national culture is also in the process of cultural globalization, constantly updating its own cultural style and realizing new integration. The renewal and integration of national culture in the process of cultural globalization is a kind of integration. Integration does not mean that national culture abandons its "nationality" in the process of cultural globalization, but in the new cultural practice, In the construction of the new cultural globalization system, we should enhance the nationality (characteristics) and embody the "cosmopolitanism". First, in the process of integrating into the cultural globalization and in the cooperation with different cultural subjects in the world, we should dedicate the national characteristics and promote the construction of the new global cultural system.
in the face of the objective development of cultural globalization, every nation has to consciously integrate into the cultural globalization, In the process of cultural globalization, only by strengthening cooperation and dedicating the characteristics of our national culture can we build a new global cultural system. When commenting on the creation of Pushkin, the father of Russian literature, Dostoevsky pointed out on the one hand that his works "are full of Russian spirit, beating the pulse of Russia" and "fully show the strength of his Russian nation, It is the nationality of his poetry; On the one hand, he said, "you only need to look at one aspect and one characteristic of Pushkin: the ability to understand the world, to understand the human nature, and to be good at responding to everything."; And "the ability to respond to the very different spiritual aspects of the European nation."; That is to say, "he can deeply understand any literature and embody it in his own poems, and skillfully melt the unique charm and mystery of other countries' literature." this shows that Pushkin, like Shakespeare, Goethe and other literary masters, is not only a great representative of national literature, On the contrary, if the culture of a country or a nation has long been outside the main line of the development of human culture or the road of human civilization, it will stand idly by, Although it will not encounter any contradictions, conflicts and challenges, it is bound to fall behind and even be bullied by outsiders. This is the case with modern Chinese culture. Therefore, Mao Zedong said in 1957: it is wrong for Empress Dowager Xi to oppose "foreign devils." modern culture is higher in foreign countries than ours. Should we admit this? Is art like this? In one point, China is unique, in another point, foreign countries are better than us“ We should recognize that the modern West has made a step forward... "
we should know that cultural nationality refers to those excellent, progressive and healthy things, not those backward, negative and outdated things. As for the latter, they will never be preserved in the national treasure house as things with vitality and national characteristics. On the contrary, they will be abandoned by history and the people sooner or later, In this sense, there should be two kinds of cultural nationality, positive and negative, which can not be confused. We often say: the more national, the more global, and the more times, the more human. Since cultural globalization is a worldwide cultural trend in the new era, how can national culture refuse or stand by< Secondly, in the process of cultural globalization, we should maintain national culture, resist "cultural hegemony" and "cultural colonialism", and achieve the goal of equal and fair integration of culture in the "global field". "In the face of" cultural hegemony "or" cultural colonialism "in the process of cultural globalization, the effective way of cultural integration is to actively maintain national culture, In order to eliminate the inequality and unfairness of cultural development in the "global field", and ensure and realize the construction of the new cultural system in the "global field", the most fundamental thing to maintain national culture is to maintain cultural sovereignty and oppose "cultural hegemony". Cultural sovereignty refers to that the modern nation-state elevates the habits, beliefs and values of its own culture to the national will, It means the highest and independent right and authority to the national culture. The cultural concept recognized by the cultural sovereignty comes from the national cultural tradition. It does not exclude foreign civilization, but requires the absorption of foreign cultural concepts based on the interpretation of the national state, and is concive to the development of the national culture, As early as 1970, the Dutch philosopher von Pearson pointed out in his book cultural strategy that cultural strategy is the survival strategy of human beings. After the cold war, some western theorists have repeatedly demonstrated that the winner of the international power struggle is the one whose culture has become the mainstream culture, Western countries are strengthening the study of cultural strategy. In the face of the great threat of western culture, developing countries should not turn a blind eye to it. Through the study, they should formulate a set of cultural strategy that can not only actively promote their own cultural construction, but also interact and actively compete with foreign cultures It is an extremely important task to ensure the smooth development of national culture. The second is the protection and development of cultural instry. The global development of culture is not only expanded in the form of cultural works, academic discourse and ideas, but also promoted in the form of instry, It constitutes the biggest problem of cultural security in these countries, and the link to maintain the national culture is extremely fragile under its severe impact. Therefore, in order to fundamentally get rid of this dilemma, the countries threatened by cultural colonization must implement the strategic adjustment of instrial policy from the height of the whole national strategy, and build a suitable cultural instry system, Third, in the process of cultural globalization, we should consciously realize the transformation of national cultural modernization, so as to develop and discard the negative and backward things in national culture that are not suitable for cultural globalization.
cultural globalization is the process of globalization In general, developing countries are still in the "edge" or "process" of modernization, and their national cultures have various shortcomings and inadaptability in adapting to "modernization" and embodying "Modernity". In this case, the development of national cultures should actively and consciously realize the transformation to "Modernity" in the cultural globalization, It is also a kind of cultural integration. Whether the national culture of developing countries can be reborn and developed in the 21st century depends on whether they can realize their own modern transformation. To realize the modern transformation of culture, we must first deal with the historical dimension of the transformation. In the global wave of culture, developing countries can be said to be in the pre modern, modern and modern stages The intersection of the three historical dimensions of postmodernism; While the influence of pre modernity has not been effectively cleared up, the trend of thought of post modernity comes with the tide of globalization, It greatly increases the difficulty of cultural transformation: on the one hand, it is the tension between pre-modern factors and modern factors in cultural development. "Pre modern factors are national identity as a kind of primitive attachment... Modern factors are the 'civilization' tradition associated with enlightenment modernity. The two constitute the basic tension within nationalism." on the other hand, it is the tension between post-modern factors and modern factors The "Deconstruction" and "Deconstruction" of modernity by post-modern factors make modernity confusing and difficult to grasp accurately, so the development of modern factors is seriously affected.
Fourth, in the process of cultural globalization, in the process of integrating the relationship between traditional culture and modernization, foreign culture and local culture, we should make a comprehensive innovation of national culture.
in the process of cultural globalization, we should make a comprehensive innovation of national culture, The highest and most direct contradiction and problem is how to deal with the relationship between traditional culture and modernization, foreign culture and local culture. In fact, although tradition was formed in the past era, it has historical inheritance. Tradition always exists and remains in real life with the help of people's way of life It's not enough to understand the heritage of culture from the perspective of Hermeneutics (that is, people need to make modern interpretation of the past text and give it new meaning). As Mao Zedong said, it's a reverse way to understand traditional culture from the perspective of analyzing real life, but it's faster, It is easier to grasp how the culture of national spirit develops step by step from the germination of ancient times to the present state, and it is easier to grasp the inevitability of historical tradition. All cultures are the embodiment of the spirit of the times. The so-called promotion of traditional culture is essentially to carry forward the current spirit of the times and promote modernization.
as for foreign culture and local culture, we have made an analysis before, Here is a supplementary point: all cultures are the culture of a certain nation, and the nation is the main body of culture. The survival and development of a nation is the center of the development and evolution of culture. Therefore, learning from foreign cultures can not ignore the national subjectivity of culture and its practical needs, The idea of a nation should be kept in mind. Academic research, on the one hand, is to seek truth, on the other hand, is to seek the independence of the country's academic and the creation of the country's new culture. "In the process of cultural introction, the unity of seeking truth and seeking the creation of the country's new culture cannot be achieved without the subjective consciousness of culture; Similarly, what others provide may not be what we expect.
in the process of cultural globalization, the purpose of inheriting tradition and learning advanced western culture is to make comprehensive innovation in the process of national culture. Marxism's comprehensive innovation theory contains three basic principles. First, it emphasizes eliminating the interference of blind Chinese centered theory and Western centered theory, and breaking the opposition between China and the West Second, the study of national culture should be based on the reality of the nation. We should study the things of the world on the basis of the nation. We should absorb foreign things on the basis of the nation, and develop the nation's subjective consciousness, Third, the fundamental problem of cultural construction lies in innovation. Mr. Feng Youlan's formulation is that "China is an old country with a new life, and the new life is modernization. My efforts are to maintain the identity and personality of the old country, Chen Yinke discussed the relationship between introction and innovation from the perspective of Ideological History: "I doubt that even if China can faithfully import ideas from North America or Eastern Europe after today, the result should be the same as Xuanzang's knowledge only learning, which can not occupy a high position in our country's ideological history, but also eventually belong to those who have ceased to exist, On the one hand, we must absorb and import foreign theories, on the other hand, we must not forget the original
on the one hand, the process of cultural globalization brings various contradictions and conflicts to the development of national culture, On the other hand, national culture is also in the process of cultural globalization, constantly updating its own cultural style and realizing new integration. The renewal and integration of national culture in the process of cultural globalization is a kind of integration. Integration does not mean that national culture abandons its "nationality" in the process of cultural globalization, but in the new cultural practice, In the construction of the new cultural globalization system, we should enhance the nationality (characteristics) and embody the "cosmopolitanism". First, in the process of integrating into the cultural globalization and in the cooperation with different cultural subjects in the world, we should dedicate the national characteristics and promote the construction of the new global cultural system.
in the face of the objective development of cultural globalization, every nation has to consciously integrate into the cultural globalization, In the process of cultural globalization, only by strengthening cooperation and dedicating the characteristics of our national culture can we build a new global cultural system. When commenting on the creation of Pushkin, the father of Russian literature, Dostoevsky pointed out on the one hand that his works "are full of Russian spirit, beating the pulse of Russia" and "fully show the strength of his Russian nation, It is the nationality of his poetry; On the one hand, he said, "you only need to look at one aspect and one characteristic of Pushkin: the ability to understand the world, to understand the human nature, and to be good at responding to everything."; And "the ability to respond to the very different spiritual aspects of the European nation."; That is to say, "he can deeply understand any literature and embody it in his own poems, and skillfully melt the unique charm and mystery of other countries' literature." this shows that Pushkin, like Shakespeare, Goethe and other literary masters, is not only a great representative of national literature, On the contrary, if the culture of a country or a nation has long been outside the main line of the development of human culture or the road of human civilization, it will stand idly by, Although it will not encounter any contradictions, conflicts and challenges, it is bound to fall behind and even be bullied by outsiders. This is the case with modern Chinese culture. Therefore, Mao Zedong said in 1957: it is wrong for Empress Dowager Xi to oppose "foreign devils." modern culture is higher in foreign countries than ours. Should we admit this? Is art like this? In one point, China is unique, in another point, foreign countries are better than us“ We should recognize that the modern West has made a step forward... "
we should know that cultural nationality refers to those excellent, progressive and healthy things, not those backward, negative and outdated things. As for the latter, they will never be preserved in the national treasure house as things with vitality and national characteristics. On the contrary, they will be abandoned by history and the people sooner or later, In this sense, there should be two kinds of cultural nationality, positive and negative, which can not be confused. We often say: the more national, the more global, and the more times, the more human. Since cultural globalization is a worldwide cultural trend in the new era, how can national culture refuse or stand by< Secondly, in the process of cultural globalization, we should maintain national culture, resist "cultural hegemony" and "cultural colonialism", and achieve the goal of equal and fair integration of culture in the "global field". "In the face of" cultural hegemony "or" cultural colonialism "in the process of cultural globalization, the effective way of cultural integration is to actively maintain national culture, In order to eliminate the inequality and unfairness of cultural development in the "global field", and ensure and realize the construction of the new cultural system in the "global field", the most fundamental thing to maintain national culture is to maintain cultural sovereignty and oppose "cultural hegemony". Cultural sovereignty refers to that the modern nation-state elevates the habits, beliefs and values of its own culture to the national will, It means the highest and independent right and authority to the national culture. The cultural concept recognized by the cultural sovereignty comes from the national cultural tradition. It does not exclude foreign civilization, but requires the absorption of foreign cultural concepts based on the interpretation of the national state, and is concive to the development of the national culture, As early as 1970, the Dutch philosopher von Pearson pointed out in his book cultural strategy that cultural strategy is the survival strategy of human beings. After the cold war, some western theorists have repeatedly demonstrated that the winner of the international power struggle is the one whose culture has become the mainstream culture, Western countries are strengthening the study of cultural strategy. In the face of the great threat of western culture, developing countries should not turn a blind eye to it. Through the study, they should formulate a set of cultural strategy that can not only actively promote their own cultural construction, but also interact and actively compete with foreign cultures It is an extremely important task to ensure the smooth development of national culture. The second is the protection and development of cultural instry. The global development of culture is not only expanded in the form of cultural works, academic discourse and ideas, but also promoted in the form of instry, It constitutes the biggest problem of cultural security in these countries, and the link to maintain the national culture is extremely fragile under its severe impact. Therefore, in order to fundamentally get rid of this dilemma, the countries threatened by cultural colonization must implement the strategic adjustment of instrial policy from the height of the whole national strategy, and build a suitable cultural instry system, Third, in the process of cultural globalization, we should consciously realize the transformation of national cultural modernization, so as to develop and discard the negative and backward things in national culture that are not suitable for cultural globalization.
cultural globalization is the process of globalization In general, developing countries are still in the "edge" or "process" of modernization, and their national cultures have various shortcomings and inadaptability in adapting to "modernization" and embodying "Modernity". In this case, the development of national cultures should actively and consciously realize the transformation to "Modernity" in the cultural globalization, It is also a kind of cultural integration. Whether the national culture of developing countries can be reborn and developed in the 21st century depends on whether they can realize their own modern transformation. To realize the modern transformation of culture, we must first deal with the historical dimension of the transformation. In the global wave of culture, developing countries can be said to be in the pre modern, modern and modern stages The intersection of the three historical dimensions of postmodernism; While the influence of pre modernity has not been effectively cleared up, the trend of thought of post modernity comes with the tide of globalization, It greatly increases the difficulty of cultural transformation: on the one hand, it is the tension between pre-modern factors and modern factors in cultural development. "Pre modern factors are national identity as a kind of primitive attachment... Modern factors are the 'civilization' tradition associated with enlightenment modernity. The two constitute the basic tension within nationalism." on the other hand, it is the tension between post-modern factors and modern factors The "Deconstruction" and "Deconstruction" of modernity by post-modern factors make modernity confusing and difficult to grasp accurately, so the development of modern factors is seriously affected.
Fourth, in the process of cultural globalization, in the process of integrating the relationship between traditional culture and modernization, foreign culture and local culture, we should make a comprehensive innovation of national culture.
in the process of cultural globalization, we should make a comprehensive innovation of national culture, The highest and most direct contradiction and problem is how to deal with the relationship between traditional culture and modernization, foreign culture and local culture. In fact, although tradition was formed in the past era, it has historical inheritance. Tradition always exists and remains in real life with the help of people's way of life It's not enough to understand the heritage of culture from the perspective of Hermeneutics (that is, people need to make modern interpretation of the past text and give it new meaning). As Mao Zedong said, it's a reverse way to understand traditional culture from the perspective of analyzing real life, but it's faster, It is easier to grasp how the culture of national spirit develops step by step from the germination of ancient times to the present state, and it is easier to grasp the inevitability of historical tradition. All cultures are the embodiment of the spirit of the times. The so-called promotion of traditional culture is essentially to carry forward the current spirit of the times and promote modernization.
as for foreign culture and local culture, we have made an analysis before, Here is a supplementary point: all cultures are the culture of a certain nation, and the nation is the main body of culture. The survival and development of a nation is the center of the development and evolution of culture. Therefore, learning from foreign cultures can not ignore the national subjectivity of culture and its practical needs, The idea of a nation should be kept in mind. Academic research, on the one hand, is to seek truth, on the other hand, is to seek the independence of the country's academic and the creation of the country's new culture. "In the process of cultural introction, the unity of seeking truth and seeking the creation of the country's new culture cannot be achieved without the subjective consciousness of culture; Similarly, what others provide may not be what we expect.
in the process of cultural globalization, the purpose of inheriting tradition and learning advanced western culture is to make comprehensive innovation in the process of national culture. Marxism's comprehensive innovation theory contains three basic principles. First, it emphasizes eliminating the interference of blind Chinese centered theory and Western centered theory, and breaking the opposition between China and the West Second, the study of national culture should be based on the reality of the nation. We should study the things of the world on the basis of the nation. We should absorb foreign things on the basis of the nation, and develop the nation's subjective consciousness, Third, the fundamental problem of cultural construction lies in innovation. Mr. Feng Youlan's formulation is that "China is an old country with a new life, and the new life is modernization. My efforts are to maintain the identity and personality of the old country, Chen Yinke discussed the relationship between introction and innovation from the perspective of Ideological History: "I doubt that even if China can faithfully import ideas from North America or Eastern Europe after today, the result should be the same as Xuanzang's knowledge only learning, which can not occupy a high position in our country's ideological history, but also eventually belong to those who have ceased to exist, On the one hand, we must absorb and import foreign theories, on the other hand, we must not forget the original
5. Abstract: Science and technology, as the "first proctive force", carries the value of social harmonious development and is the core driving force of the harmonious social system. Science and technology embodies the economic value, ecological value and humanistic value of science and technology in building a harmonious society by promoting the development of proctive forces, the coordinated development of human and nature, and the coordinated development of human and society. Key words: harmonious society; Social system operation; Scientific and technological innovation; As the "first proctive force", value of science and technology bears the value of social harmonious development and is the core power of the harmonious social system. In order to build a socialist harmonious society, we must further recognize the great significance of scientific and Technological Development in building a harmonious society, vigorously promote scientific and technological progress and innovation, and play a key role in building a socialist harmonious society. Promoting the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of social economy: the economic value of science and technology contemporary science and technology provide human beings with the potential and means to fully and deeply understand nature. High technology is the result of human understanding of the laws of nature, but also the highest achievement of human creative thinking. With the help of high-tech instruments and means, human beings can more accurately understand the nature from the macro and micro perspectives, further expand their horizons of understanding, grasp the objective laws of nature, and benefit human beings. For example, the successful development of large-scale radio astronomical telescope can enable people to see the space billions of light years or even more far away, thus providing convenience for exploring the mysteries of space unknown to human beings. The extensive use of high technology will inevitably have an immeasurable and profound impact on people's concepts and living habits, thus accelerating the process of the development of a harmonious society. Using modern science and technology, we can expand the object and content of human labor, so as to solve the problem of increasing shortage of resources and energy in the process of building a harmonious society. Since the instrial revolution, the way of using resources and energy has been questioned by people e to the emergence of global problems, especially the increasing shortage of resources and energy, which has caused deep concern in the world. Obviously, it's too extravagant to dream of returning to the past for modern human society. Therefore, the more realistic attitude is to make use of modern high and new technology, constantly seek and develop new resources and energy, constantly improve the utilization rate of existing resources and energy, and save the use of resources and energy. Through the search and development of new resources and energy, constantly change the existing resource structure and energy structure. By using science and technology, the energy and material input can be reced to the minimum, and the by-procts proced in the proction process can be reused. The development of contemporary scientific research indicates that the fusion reactor in the next century may become the ultimate energy, so as to solve the energy crisis in the development of human society. Nanotechnology will cause a new instrial revolution, and make human society enter a new stage of development. Now, science and technology are approaching the limits of nature step by step, and great progress has been made in the research of ultra-high temperature, ultra-low temperature, ultra vacuum, superconctivity, super strong magnetic field and complete weightlessness. The progress of space technology and ocean development technology indicates that human beings will enter the era of space factory in the 21st century and expand the fields of human proction and life. Promoting the coordinated development of human and nature: the ecological value of science and technology, the harmonious coexistence of human and nature is an important part of building a socialist harmonious society. Man is the main body of science and technology. Science and technology is the intermediary between man and nature, and also the weapon of human action on nature. Scientific and technological progress and innovation is an important guarantee to realize the harmony between man and nature“ "Technological poverty" will not only lead to material poverty, but also to spiritual poverty, which will lead to ignorance and superstition. Therefore, scientific and technological progress and innovation are not only the key factors of proctivity development, but also the important factors of social and cultural development. What needs to be emphasized is that science and technology is a "double-edged sword". While it brings human well-being, it also leads to an increasingly serious global ecological crisis e to human abuse of science and technology. Therefore, while human beings are making use of the development of science and technology for their welfare, their negative effects should be minimized. Therefore, we should develop "safety technology", that is, technology that does not pollute the natural environment, does not destroy the ecological balance, does not cause consumption alienation and large-scale unemployment, such as wind energy, solar energy, biological resources development technology, etc. At the same time, we should strengthen people's awareness of science and technology and environmental awareness, expand people's horizons, enlighten people's minds, and promote the harmonious coexistence between man and nature through the accumulation of scientific knowledge. Fortunately, "safety technology" has graally become the mainstream of contemporary science and technology development. Especially since the 20th century, science and technology have developed to a modern level, and a large number of modern scientific theories have emerged, including nuclear energy science and technology, computer science and technology, semiconctor science and technology, laser science and technology, optical fiber science and technology, space science and technology, environmental science and technology Materials science and technology and modern biological high technology based on molecular biology. These high and new technologies not only affect human beings and society with their own values and functions, but also have a great positive effect on the coordinated development of human and nature. Microelectronic technology can greatly rece material consumption and environmental pollution. New energy development provides inexhaustible pollution-free energy for human beings. Synthetic materials alleviate the shortage of natural resources. The burgeoning "digital city" constantly monitors the development and changes of nature and human society based on the information network covering the whole city and advanced information technology mining means, It accurately predicts the relationship between the activities of human society and the changes of natural environment, and so on. All these have opened up a new way for the harmonious coexistence and coordinated development of man and nature. Promote the coordinated development of human and society: the humanistic value of science and technology. The progress and innovation of science and technology is an important factor in the development of advanced culture, which can greatly improve the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the whole nation, and promote the harmonious development between people and society. Specifically speaking: 31. Scientific and technological progress promotes the free development of human beings. Marx pointed out in the Manifesto of the Communist Party: "instead of the old bourgeois society with class and class antagonism, there will be such a union, where the free development of everyone is the condition for the free development of all people."[ 1] (p273) Marx's exposition of "the union of free men" and the all-round and free development of human beings pointed out the goal of a harmonious society in the future. Under the instrial civilization, people never doubt themselves as human body, but often doubt themselves as human soul. The repeated mechanical proction and the universal expansion of instrumental rationality make people become "living creatures" without freedom and personality. With the wide use of science and technology, especially the realization of full automation of proction, people will be liberated from the monotonous and repetitive heavy labor. Labor will no longer be a means of making a living and a heavy burden, but become the first need of life. People will get rid of the dependence on people and things, and their free time will increase greatly. Therefore, people will freely use the free time they create, fully publicize freedom and personality, and take the development of human ability as the goal itself. The ideal of "free man union" will eventually become a reality. The progress of science and technology promotes the improvement of interpersonal relationship. The main body of harmonious society is human. Therefore, the construction of harmonious interpersonal relationship is an important content of building a harmonious society. The promoting effect of scientific and Technological Development on improving interpersonal relations is mainly as follows: from the perspective of a country, with the high development of science and technology, the improvement of the quality of workers and the emergence of a large number of knowledge workers, the differences between workers and peasants, between urban and rural areas, between mental and physical labor, and even all class differences will disappear, and people will get rid of the shackles of fixed division of labor, Full equality will be achieved in proction and in all fields of social life; In the world, although the competition of science and technology between countries is inevitable, it also needs extensive international cooperation. For example, in the field of information technology, no country can take the lead in computer technology, microelectronics technology, Optoelectronics Technology, optical fiber technology, multimedia technology, network technology and other emerging high-tech fields. In order to achieve common progress, it is necessary to strengthen scientific and technological cooperation. In addition, the future information superhighway and Internet will make it possible to share information resources and create conditions for technological cooperation. Therefore, the elimination of hostility between people and the establishment of equal and harmonious interpersonal relationship will have a practical basis. In addition, the development of science and technology has also brought about a revolution in people's means of communication. For example, the development of communication and network technology fundamentally shakes and even negates the traditional way of social communication with acquaintances, makes people in a vast and infinite world of communication, goes beyond the limitation of specific places and graal diffusion of communication activities, and enters into the environment of universal communication. For the first time in human history, it realizes the interactive connection between "self" and "society" under the background of globalization[ 2] Scientific and technological progress promotes the construction of democratic politics "science and technology is the proct of the development of human intelligence. The development of science and technology accelerates the development and progress of society, helps to break autocracy, hierarchy, privilege, inequality and injustice, brings great freedom of thought and behavior to indivials, generally improves human intelligence, and plays a huge role in promoting human civilization and world peace. Scientific spirit, theory and method are of great social value. "[ 3] At the same time, science and technology provide sufficient technical support for the realization of democratic politics. "The network space, integration and connection, timeliness, decentralization and other characteristics of information and communication technology provide a very broad prospect for citizen participation" [4]. For example, e-government, which is based on electronic information technology and communication technology, breaks the physical organizational boundaries of the traditional administrative organs, integrates and connects the administrative processes of government departments, and makes it possible for governments and society to communicate through various electronic channels, making it possible for everyone to participate in politics. At the same time, e to the boundlessness and concealment of the network, anyone can express their opinions freely and sincerely through it. In recent years, many deputies to the National People's Congress and members of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) have set up their own personal websites or open personal e-mail addresses, so that citizens and social organizations can often and easily communicate with them. Science and technology are playing a more and more obvious role in promoting the construction of democratic politics. References: [1] selected works of Marx and Engels (Volume 2) [M]. Beijing: People's publishing house, 1980 [2] (UK) Anthony Giddens. Modernity and self-identity [M]. Beijing: Sanlian bookstore, 1998.35
6. In today's globalized world, it helps to be an American born Chinese, where they can enjoy free ecation
7. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/83736A/2005007/20192136.html "Globalization" and "culture" are concepts with complex connotations and diverse definitions. Generally speaking, the study of globalization has the characteristics of interdisciplinary, integrity and inclusiveness, among which the concept of economic globalization has been basically recognized by people. However, with the advancement of economic globalization and the advent of the information age of science and technology, the close interaction between economy and culture, as well as the resulting demands of people for some common rules, have raised such a problem: the study of cultural globalization. From the perspective of the world, there are two ways to study the problem of cultural globalization. One is to focus on economic and cultural factors at the same time instead of economic factors in the past. For example, the representative of world system theory and American scholar Immanuel Wallerstein revised his theory; The other is to explain the process of globalization directly with civilization and culture. For example, Friedman of Copenhagen University thinks that the change process of globalization system is the substitution process of different cultures[ 1] The main problems are as follows: the relationship between globalization and culture, the construction of global culture and cultural globalization< The premise of cultural globalization research is to grasp the relationship between globalization and culture. The significant change in methodology of globalization theory in the 1990s is to introce the concept of culture into the research field, expand the tolerance of globalization theory and improve the explanatory effect of the theory[ 2] In his book globalization and culture, the British scholar John Tomlinson clearly put forward: "globalization is in the central position of modern culture; Cultural practice is at the center of globalization. "[ 3] In his view, globalization and culture complement each other. Tomlinson believes that the study of globalization should be introced from the fields of politics, economics, sociology and communication to the field of culture, aiming at revealing the connotation of cultural practice of globalization. On globalization, he proposed to think from the perspective of daily life experience, to analyze the closeness and uniqueness. As for culture, he believes that we must clarify the cultural purpose from the complex practical relationship between culture, politics and economy, that is, what kind of feeling makes life full of meaning. He pays more attention to the widely accepted characteristics of culture. He uses Williams' famous saying "culture is common" to annotate his own culture. In fact, Tomlinson discusses the connection between globalization and culture from hybridization, media closeness, cosmopolitanism and other aspects, and points out that globalization is not only the flow of capital, labor and goods in the world, but also brings about the transformation of our cultural experience. This kind of cultural experience is not only secular, universal, but also profound. He focused on the concept of "non territorial expansion" and held that non territorial expansion is our current cultural situation of globalization. It exists in our daily experience and grasps many aspects of global culture“ What the concept of "non territorial expansion" expresses is that globalization has fundamentally transformed the relationship between our cultural practice, cultural experience and cultural identity, which weakens or dispels the connection between daily dynamic culture and territorial positioning; For national culture, opportunities and dangers coexist. So he called on the world to unite
Fredric Jameson, an American literary theorist, also has his own thoughts on the relationship between globalization and culture. As for globalization, he thinks it is a communicative concept, which alternately covers and transmits cultural or economic meanings. But he also thinks that it is not complete to regard communication as the focus of globalization. In his view, the development of contemporary communication no longer has the meaning of "Enlightenment", but has the connotation of new technology. This concept of communication has a complete cultural level, that is, it has been given a more appropriate cultural level of reference or meaning. The assumption of the expansion of the communication network has been secretly changed into some kind of news about a new world culture. At the same time, it was covertly changed into a view of the world market and its newly established interdependence. A huge global division of labor, as well as a new e-commerce path full of Commerce and finance connotation, namely its economic direction. Therefore, Jameson believes that as two sides closely related to but not commensurate with the globalization of the concept of communication, there are two different types of Views: if we only emphasize the cultural connotation of this new form of communication, it will graally show a postmodern praise of difference and differentiation, and instantly feel that all cultures in the world are in a compatible relationship, It forms a kind of extensive cultural pluralism, which is hard to resist; However, if we tend to think about the economic aspects of globalization, then it will be affected by those economic norms and meanings. People will find that this concept is becoming more and more obscure. In his view, what occupies a prominent position here is the increasing identity, not the difference[ 4] It can be seen that Jameson defines the concept of communicative globalization by the interaction of economy and culture, and makes an "economic and cultural" analysis of the relationship between globalization and culture. As he asked, "is there a fundamental change in the relationship between culture and economy in our time?"[ 5] With the development of economic globalization and the close infiltration of economy and culture, the relationship between the nationality of culture and the world is getting closer and closer. Therefore, the issue of cultural globalization is increasingly put on the agenda. So far, there is no clear and unified definition of the connotation of "cultural globalization". Scholars talk about the phenomenon and possibility of cultural globalization from the scope and influence of globalization. In his great global change, David Hurd pointed out that there are three kinds of contemporary debates about the nature and influence of Cultural Globalization: extremists, skeptics and reformists. With the support of American popular culture or Western consumerism, the world described or predicted by various Super globalists is homogeneous. But the super globalists are also challenged by the skeptics. Skeptics believe that compared with national culture, global culture is empty and temporary. Moreover, e to the geopolitical estrangement of the world's major civilizations, cultural differences and cultural conflicts are of continuous importance. Those who hold the theory of change believe that the integration and exchange of culture and population will proce mixed culture and new global cultural network. With regard to the emergence and development of cultural globalization, Hurd and others believe that cross regional, cross civilization and cross continental cultural exchanges and the existence of cultural system - cultural globalization - have deep historical roots. 3000 years ago, the cultural interaction between societies has been very complex, but the intense movement of images and symbols, and the wide spread of thinking mode and communication mode are the unique characteristics of the late 20th century and the new millennium. Due to the construction of modern telecommunications, broadcasting and transportation infrastructure, cultural exchanges are unprecedented in the global area and cultural traffic in history[ 6] He analyzed the different historical forms of cultural globalization. Their classification basically summarizes the different attitudes towards cultural globalization. Extremists and skeptics have one thing in common, that is, the singleness of thinking, which is obviously not in line with the complex reality of pluralism. In fact, any attitude shows that cultural globalization is in progress. Cultural globalization is both realistic and imaginative
cultural globalization is a reality. First of all, with the globalization of cultural consumption, culture is rapidly popularized in the world. With its popularity and popularity, consumer culture has penetrated into every corner of the world. In the modern society with consumption as the main feature, culture is packaged and spread with the help of commodities, which is a very effective way of communication. Secondly, with the advent of the information age, with the help of the Internet, the dissemination of information is more convenient and fast. The whole world is like a small village. A message or a piece of information can spread all over the village in an instant“ "Global village" shows the reality of cultural globalization. In addition, culture does not come from nowhere, its existence and development depend on indivials, organizations, nationalities and other entities. With the deepening and extensive exchanges of these entities in the economic globalization, culture carries economy, and economy spreads culture. There has been a global cultural transmission, and cultural globalization has been realized
cultural globalization is imaginary. From the perspective of consumer culture, it seems to be a process of homogenization at first, but in fact it shows the characteristics of mixing. No culture will exist in the cultural vacuum without the limitation of time and space. From the perspective of cultural receivers and consumers, the environment of cultural proction and dissemination will eventually meet the influence and restriction of an existing reference frame. The latter involves a more complex process, and the simple concept of homogenization can not correctly record these problems and the nature of interaction and the cultural creativity they proce. Therefore, cultural pluralism and cultural diversity are inevitable. But there is a premise equally important, that is, the premise of cultural pluralism and cultural diversity - the equality of cultural subjects. Only on the basis of equality can there be real pluralism and diversity. From the perspective of the path of cultural globalization, Wang Ning, a domestic scholar, believes that there are two directions in the process of Cultural Globalization: first, with the expansion of capital from the center to the edge, the (Colonial) cultural values and customs will penetrate into these areas; The second is the struggle and interaction between the (colonized) marginal culture and the mainstream culture, which leads to the phenomenon that the marginal culture infiltrates into the main body of the mainstream culture and dispels the hegemony of the mainstream culture[ 7] It can be seen that Wang Ning analyzes the path of cultural globalization through the path of capital export. Globalization means the input and output of culture, and it indicates the contact and penetration between national cultures, but it is fundamentally an economic approach. Economic graally evolved into cultural, while cultural also graally evolved into economic. Culture is an important economic proct, without which the economic system cannot develop and expand. At the same time, there are also views that culture bears such concepts and operations as civil rights, and can serve as a testing ground for democratic politics. Obviously, it is setting up the "fusion" of culture and politics
the construction of three "global cultures"
with different national cultures graally moving towards the world, the exchange and penetration of national cultures are becoming more and more extensive and in-depth, which graally raises such a problem to people: the construction of global culture. There are also different views on this
first, a "global culture" dominated by monism. In his book cultural imperialism, Tomlinson openly questioned the concept of cultural imperialism and pointed out that there was no original form of cultural imperialism, but only different interpretations of it; Only by analyzing its connotation in different discourses can we get its essence. He thinks that some scholars are too protective of cultural differences, no
Fredric Jameson, an American literary theorist, also has his own thoughts on the relationship between globalization and culture. As for globalization, he thinks it is a communicative concept, which alternately covers and transmits cultural or economic meanings. But he also thinks that it is not complete to regard communication as the focus of globalization. In his view, the development of contemporary communication no longer has the meaning of "Enlightenment", but has the connotation of new technology. This concept of communication has a complete cultural level, that is, it has been given a more appropriate cultural level of reference or meaning. The assumption of the expansion of the communication network has been secretly changed into some kind of news about a new world culture. At the same time, it was covertly changed into a view of the world market and its newly established interdependence. A huge global division of labor, as well as a new e-commerce path full of Commerce and finance connotation, namely its economic direction. Therefore, Jameson believes that as two sides closely related to but not commensurate with the globalization of the concept of communication, there are two different types of Views: if we only emphasize the cultural connotation of this new form of communication, it will graally show a postmodern praise of difference and differentiation, and instantly feel that all cultures in the world are in a compatible relationship, It forms a kind of extensive cultural pluralism, which is hard to resist; However, if we tend to think about the economic aspects of globalization, then it will be affected by those economic norms and meanings. People will find that this concept is becoming more and more obscure. In his view, what occupies a prominent position here is the increasing identity, not the difference[ 4] It can be seen that Jameson defines the concept of communicative globalization by the interaction of economy and culture, and makes an "economic and cultural" analysis of the relationship between globalization and culture. As he asked, "is there a fundamental change in the relationship between culture and economy in our time?"[ 5] With the development of economic globalization and the close infiltration of economy and culture, the relationship between the nationality of culture and the world is getting closer and closer. Therefore, the issue of cultural globalization is increasingly put on the agenda. So far, there is no clear and unified definition of the connotation of "cultural globalization". Scholars talk about the phenomenon and possibility of cultural globalization from the scope and influence of globalization. In his great global change, David Hurd pointed out that there are three kinds of contemporary debates about the nature and influence of Cultural Globalization: extremists, skeptics and reformists. With the support of American popular culture or Western consumerism, the world described or predicted by various Super globalists is homogeneous. But the super globalists are also challenged by the skeptics. Skeptics believe that compared with national culture, global culture is empty and temporary. Moreover, e to the geopolitical estrangement of the world's major civilizations, cultural differences and cultural conflicts are of continuous importance. Those who hold the theory of change believe that the integration and exchange of culture and population will proce mixed culture and new global cultural network. With regard to the emergence and development of cultural globalization, Hurd and others believe that cross regional, cross civilization and cross continental cultural exchanges and the existence of cultural system - cultural globalization - have deep historical roots. 3000 years ago, the cultural interaction between societies has been very complex, but the intense movement of images and symbols, and the wide spread of thinking mode and communication mode are the unique characteristics of the late 20th century and the new millennium. Due to the construction of modern telecommunications, broadcasting and transportation infrastructure, cultural exchanges are unprecedented in the global area and cultural traffic in history[ 6] He analyzed the different historical forms of cultural globalization. Their classification basically summarizes the different attitudes towards cultural globalization. Extremists and skeptics have one thing in common, that is, the singleness of thinking, which is obviously not in line with the complex reality of pluralism. In fact, any attitude shows that cultural globalization is in progress. Cultural globalization is both realistic and imaginative
cultural globalization is a reality. First of all, with the globalization of cultural consumption, culture is rapidly popularized in the world. With its popularity and popularity, consumer culture has penetrated into every corner of the world. In the modern society with consumption as the main feature, culture is packaged and spread with the help of commodities, which is a very effective way of communication. Secondly, with the advent of the information age, with the help of the Internet, the dissemination of information is more convenient and fast. The whole world is like a small village. A message or a piece of information can spread all over the village in an instant“ "Global village" shows the reality of cultural globalization. In addition, culture does not come from nowhere, its existence and development depend on indivials, organizations, nationalities and other entities. With the deepening and extensive exchanges of these entities in the economic globalization, culture carries economy, and economy spreads culture. There has been a global cultural transmission, and cultural globalization has been realized
cultural globalization is imaginary. From the perspective of consumer culture, it seems to be a process of homogenization at first, but in fact it shows the characteristics of mixing. No culture will exist in the cultural vacuum without the limitation of time and space. From the perspective of cultural receivers and consumers, the environment of cultural proction and dissemination will eventually meet the influence and restriction of an existing reference frame. The latter involves a more complex process, and the simple concept of homogenization can not correctly record these problems and the nature of interaction and the cultural creativity they proce. Therefore, cultural pluralism and cultural diversity are inevitable. But there is a premise equally important, that is, the premise of cultural pluralism and cultural diversity - the equality of cultural subjects. Only on the basis of equality can there be real pluralism and diversity. From the perspective of the path of cultural globalization, Wang Ning, a domestic scholar, believes that there are two directions in the process of Cultural Globalization: first, with the expansion of capital from the center to the edge, the (Colonial) cultural values and customs will penetrate into these areas; The second is the struggle and interaction between the (colonized) marginal culture and the mainstream culture, which leads to the phenomenon that the marginal culture infiltrates into the main body of the mainstream culture and dispels the hegemony of the mainstream culture[ 7] It can be seen that Wang Ning analyzes the path of cultural globalization through the path of capital export. Globalization means the input and output of culture, and it indicates the contact and penetration between national cultures, but it is fundamentally an economic approach. Economic graally evolved into cultural, while cultural also graally evolved into economic. Culture is an important economic proct, without which the economic system cannot develop and expand. At the same time, there are also views that culture bears such concepts and operations as civil rights, and can serve as a testing ground for democratic politics. Obviously, it is setting up the "fusion" of culture and politics
the construction of three "global cultures"
with different national cultures graally moving towards the world, the exchange and penetration of national cultures are becoming more and more extensive and in-depth, which graally raises such a problem to people: the construction of global culture. There are also different views on this
first, a "global culture" dominated by monism. In his book cultural imperialism, Tomlinson openly questioned the concept of cultural imperialism and pointed out that there was no original form of cultural imperialism, but only different interpretations of it; Only by analyzing its connotation in different discourses can we get its essence. He thinks that some scholars are too protective of cultural differences, no
8. How to carry forward the traditional culture in the context of globalization
in the context of globalization, in order to carry forward the traditional culture, China should adhere to the following principles< First of all, we must inherit our excellent cultural heritage. As a country with ancient civilization, China has a history of 5000 years. In this long history, our ancestors left us many excellent cultural heritage. As Chinese people, we must inherit our excellent cultural heritage, carry forward our excellent cultural heritage, do a good job in applying for world heritage, and brand our cultural heritage with China's mark
secondly, to carry forward the traditional culture, we should let the people understand the essence of our traditional culture, protect the inheritors of traditional culture, let the new generation better understand and inherit our traditional culture, spread it in various ways, and let our traditional culture Inherit among the new generation of students
in addition, China has a vast territory and different nationalities. The traditional culture of all nationalities should be preserved and carried forward so that the world can understand the diversified Chinese culture
our youth in the new era have the responsibility and obligation to carry forward the traditional culture, inherit the traditional culture, and have their own sense of responsibility and history. Let's inherit our own culture and carry it forward, so as to make this mission a glorious mission for our youth.
in the context of globalization, in order to carry forward the traditional culture, China should adhere to the following principles< First of all, we must inherit our excellent cultural heritage. As a country with ancient civilization, China has a history of 5000 years. In this long history, our ancestors left us many excellent cultural heritage. As Chinese people, we must inherit our excellent cultural heritage, carry forward our excellent cultural heritage, do a good job in applying for world heritage, and brand our cultural heritage with China's mark
secondly, to carry forward the traditional culture, we should let the people understand the essence of our traditional culture, protect the inheritors of traditional culture, let the new generation better understand and inherit our traditional culture, spread it in various ways, and let our traditional culture Inherit among the new generation of students
in addition, China has a vast territory and different nationalities. The traditional culture of all nationalities should be preserved and carried forward so that the world can understand the diversified Chinese culture
our youth in the new era have the responsibility and obligation to carry forward the traditional culture, inherit the traditional culture, and have their own sense of responsibility and history. Let's inherit our own culture and carry it forward, so as to make this mission a glorious mission for our youth.
Hot content