Decentralization of power

1. mining is the use of bitcoin mining machine, which is used to earn bitcoin

one of the ways to get bitcoin is that users download software from personal computers and then run specific algorithms to communicate with remote servers to get corresponding bitcoin

bitcoin is a kind of virtual currency. Bitcoin mining system is the process of carrying out mathematical operation for bitcoin network through computer hardware. Miners who provide services can get a reward, because the network reward is calculated according to the tasks completed by miners, so the competition for mining is very fierce

mining is actually a competition of performance and equipment. The mining machine composed of many graphics cards, even if it is only hd6770, the computing power after "grouping" can surpass that of most users' single graphics card

and this is not the most terrible. Some mining machines are made up of more such graphics card arrays. When dozens or even hundreds of graphics cards come together, the graphics card itself costs money. Considering the cost of hardware and other costs, there is a considerable expenditure in mining.

2. In token economics, decentralized money is not the only object of value circulation and measurement. Therefore, a fixed amount of decentralized money does not necessarily lead to rejection by the market
decentralization in decentralized money contains multiple meanings: decentralization of money issuance, decentralization of money circulation, decentralization of money withdrawal...
as far as our current economic system is concerned, the issuance of money is carried out by the central bank or other similar institutions and endorsed by the national credit. Therefore, the issue of money is obviously a kind of centralized, controlled by the government or institutions. However, in the current economic system, the circulation of money is decentralized
although in our current financial system, the vast majority of money has been circulating through banks, this mode of circulation is mostly controlled by the money owners themselves, that is to say, the circulation of money is not controlled by central institutions. In addition to some specific financial requirements, some circulation has been regulated; Or the judicial organs may intervene and forcibly manage the circulation of money. In proportion, these centralized operations are very few. Therefore, we can say that in the existing economic system, the circulation of money is decentralized< In fact, the central bank and other financial management institutions make use of the power of currency issuance to regulate the whole market and maintain the stability of economic development and currency
we have learned in economics that the total amount of money circulation should match the current trade situation. In other words, the total amount of money circulation is closely related to the economic situation. The circulation of money needs to be regulated to influence the market; And the market also forces the regulatory agencies to regulate the currency through various feedback, so as to maintain the stability of the currency.

3. " Decentralization means that every employee becomes a market center, and all managers give up their rights, including decision-making power, human rights and distribution power. Traditional enterprises also try to decentralize power, but it's still in the hands of managers. Now the remaining power of managers is only to provide resources. If we go in this direction, we may be able to achieve what Drucker said. Every enterprise in the 21st century should be its own CEO< br />
"

4. I have been playing currency for many years, and I have used many trading platforms. I think the best one to use is gotc decentralized trading platform. First of all, this platform is a truly decentralized trading platform. On this platform, the power to initiate and agree transactions, as well as the power to quote, are in the hands of users, and the platform has no right to interfere or participate in the reconciliation. It's very safe and reliable.

5. Centralize, centralize, centralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize, decentralize

6. This is the second part of a series of articles on "key elements of becoming a better blockchain". Although decentralization is not an end in itself, it is a means to many ends, including resistance to censorship, corruption and collusion. Inclusive institutions with multi participation; And a fair distribution of wealth, power and influence. Decentralization is not suitable for most applications because of its low efficiency and high cost. However, for those applications that need decentralization, the underlying platform is much more reliable than the oral decentralized services. Did we go to the center? I want to remind us that decentralization is multidimensional, far from binary. Another closely related topic is unlicensed authorization, which will also be discussed here: allowing anyone anywhere to contribute to a project, platform or community is one of the most important parts of the spirit of decentralization

are there multiple client applications? There are two schools of thought. One assumption is that a single normative client application can concentrate limited resources on one project, and a development team can communicate more easily, which will maximize the success rate and competitiveness compared with other platforms. In addition, a single client application can prevent consensus failure caused by local account book inconsistency of different nodes (at least as long as each node upgrades its software after hard forking). On the other hand, the existence of multiple clients will make the network more likely to survive attacks (one client may stop block proction completely) or consensus failure (one or more clients cannot run the protocol correctly, which may lead to wrong block or stop block proction completely). In fact, both happened in Ethereum. But there are more subtle reasons. Firstly, the parallel application of multiple clients reces the dominant influence of a single core development team on the network, which is one of the biggest problems of bitcoin governance (zcash foundation will also decide to build a second zcash client to balance the power of electric coin). Moreover, different clients may make different architecture decisions and have different advantages (for example, mining, data search), and using different languages to write clients can enable more developers to participate in core development. Although parallel applications and beta applications are very good, the mainstream is the main network client: for example, bitcoin has at least 15 client applications, but 97% of the nodes run a program, that is, bitcoin core
how many organizations control mining computing power? The more parties involved in mining, the more difficult it is to collude with each other to engage in selfish mining, or to engage in double flower attacks (commonly known as 51% attacks, but the actual mathematical principles are more complex). This is not a hypothetical risk, as it has occurred in networks such as Ethereum classic and bitcoin gold. In addition, more miners means a fairer distribution of mining rewards. Although many indivial miners may participate in mining, because of incentives, they will gather in a few mines, and even a seemingly decentralized network may rely on a few entities for Mining: the three largest Ethereum mines jointly control 60% of the total power, while bitcoin's top four mines account for about 56%.

7. Of course, we have to take the initiative. If your processing plant has comprehensive technology, it will have enough confidence! Dare to do anything, if the lack of technology, it is estimated that they will be nervous when receiving it! Where to find customers? You should go to a slightly bigger company or a big company. Only a big company will have the need of outsourcing processing. If you can find a big country enterprise, you will be successful. I used to stay in a company, the boss just climbed up to a large state-owned enterprise, specialized in outsourcing processing for them, and the pile of goods was the same as the mountain. Just process the supplied materials and drawings. The benefits are very good. Double the size of the company in one or two years! Small companies rarely need outsourcing processing. Besides, even if there is supply, it is not stable! There is no time

8.

The relationship between decentralization and authorization:

1. The scope of power is different. In this case, Zhang Feng's power to sign the reimbursement form and Sun Wen's power to direct subordinates to complete the task are all authorized. Decentralization is just the decentralization of decision-making and command

2. Authorization has a short-term nature, the task is completed to withdraw, and decentralization is a long-term nature, generally no problem does not withdraw

3. The givers of power are different. Authorization is the right of all managers. Li Ming and Wang Wei have different opinions in this case. Decentralization generally refers to the power of the highest owner of power

4. Different states. Empowerment is the foundation of decentralization. The premise of authorization is decentralization, which is the further embodiment of authorization

extended data:

handle the relationship between decentralization and authorization: authorization should be clear. Clearly state the ties and powers of the agent. Look at your work and make improvements, find out your problems and improve your efficiency. Establish an effective communication mechanism

when encountering problems, we should take the initiative to ask the subordinates for advice, find the crux of the problem in the subordinates' work, point out the problem, and put forward good suggestions to facilitate the other party's work. Listen to the opinions of subordinates. If there is any change, there will be no encouragement. Establish a reasonable reward and punishment mechanism to stimulate the enthusiasm of subordinates. Break authority, trust subordinates and keep close relationship with them

9. Abstract: Montesquieu once said in the spirit of law that judicial power does not exist in a sense. In fact, the judicial power in Meng's words is the original form of judicial power - the civil judicial power, which has just emerged from the legislation and administration. The civil judicial power of decentralization of politics and power does not have the essential attribute of forming a part of the national political system, and becomes a political nonexistence. The establishment of judicial review makes judicial power evolve into a political existence. This is the need for judicial participation to check and balance and to protect democracy, and it is the result of distrust of democracy. Key words: Montesquieu / judicial power / democracy / distrust / citizenry judicial power, The theory of separation of powers is raised to the height of "new and universal constitutional principles". In the sixth section of "English political system" in Chapter 11 "the relationship between law and political system which prescribes political freedom", Montesquieu makes the most famous analysis of the three powers of the state: legislative power, executive power and judicial power, The theory of separation of powers in the history of thought was born. But in the middle of this 12 page "English political system", Montesquieu almost suddenly wrote such a conclusion: "among the three powers mentioned above, judicial power does not exist in a sense." But what kind of meaning does "a certain meaning" refer to? He didn't write a word in the book. It seems that he wants to leave it to later generations to explore and solve“ "The political system of England" is the essence of the spirit of law. Since its publication in 1748, it has been quoted and interpreted constantly. It is rather interesting that Montesquieu's conclusion has been buried in the boudoir of "English political system" for more than 200 years. Excluding the incidental involvement of indivial scholars, no one has faced up to the existence of this conclusion, not to mention how many experts and scholars have devoted themselves to studying its long meaning. As far as I know, there is no special chapter on Montesquieu's "conclusion" in Chinese law. In view of this, the author tries to write this article. The purpose of this paper is to put forward my own opinions and Thoughts on "a certain meaning" in order to be right with Fang family. 1、 The judicial power in Montesquieu's works Montesquieu's discussion on "judicial power" mainly focuses on the section of "the political system of England". From the text point of view, before writing the conclusion to be decoded by later generations, Montesquieu undoubtedly held a positive attitude towards the existence of judicial power. However, the position of judicial power in the genealogy of state power theory was first recognized and valued by his systematic exposition of "the political system of England". In Montesquieu's theory, the judicial power is "the administrative power of civil law matters", "they punish crime or adjudicate private litigation". After research, he thinks that this kind of judicial power must be separated from legislative power and administrative power, otherwise freedom will not exist. Because once the judicial power and legislative power are not separated but integrated, the judge is the legislator, who has the arbitrary power to the life and freedom of citizens; If the judicial power is combined with the political power, the judge will grasp the power of the oppressor. In a word, judicial power is very important to the protection of civil and national freedom. It must be separated from legislative power and executive power. Montesquieu's argument of "judicial independence" is the earliest and most systematic in the history of human political thought.