Decentralization method

1. Nakamoto is the first person to discover bitcoin. Bitcoin is not issued by any institution, and the total amount is only 21 million yuan. The transaction of bitcoin needs the consent of 6 people!

2.

The decentralization of blockchain refers to the form of social relations and content generation formed in the process of blockchain development. It is a new network content proction process relative to "centralization"

blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin, which is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains the information of a batch of bitcoin network transactions, which is used to verify the effectiveness of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block

blockchain is unified in the whole network, so it is logically centralized. From the perspective of architecture, blockchain is based on peer-to-peer network, so it is decentralized. From the perspective of governance, blockchain makes it difficult for a few people to control the whole system through consensus algorithm, so it is decentralized

extended data:

characteristics of blockchain Decentralization:

decentralization, not without the center, but by the node to freely choose the center, freely determine the center. In short, centralization means that the center determines the node. The node must depend on the center, and the node cannot survive without the center

in a decentralized system, anyone is a node, and anyone can be a center. Any center is not permanent, but phased, and no center is mandatory for nodes

with the diversification of network service forms, the decentralized network model becomes more and more clear and possible. After the rise of Web2.0, the services provided by Wikipedia, Flickr, blogger and other network service providers are decentralized. Any participant can submit content, and Internet users can create or contribute content together

reference source: network blockchain

reference source: Network decentralization

3. . I began to understand how large-scale tasks can be accomplished through a decentralized approach with minimal rules; I've learned that not everything has to be planned in advance. The picture of the traffic on the streets of India has always been in my mind: the bustling crowd, the standing cattle, the drilling bicycles, the slow cattle cart, the speeding motorcycles, the huge trucks, the crashing buses - the traffic mixed with sheep and cattle wriggling on the road with only two lanes, but each other is at peace. Asia has given me a new perspective.

4. Q: What is blockchain technology? A: Blockchain technology can be understood as a public accounting mechanism. It is a technical solution rather than a specific proct. The basic idea is to establish a set of public account books on the Internet, in which all users in the network keep accounts and check accounts together, so as to ensure the authenticity and non tamperability of information. The reason why it is called "blockchain" is that the structure of blockchain storage data is composed of a chain of "storage blocks" on the network. Each block contains all the information exchange data in the network within a certain period of time, and the chain continues to grow over time. Q: What is the relationship between blockchain and bitcoin? A: Bitcoin used to be one of the most successful applications of blockchain technology. Specifically, the blockchain is a series of data blocks generated by the use of cryptography Association, and each data block contains the information of effective confirmation of multiple bitcoin network transactions. It can be said that bitcoin is a "killer application" of blockchain idea. Blockchain is the underlying technology of bitcoin, but its role is not limited to bitcoin. Q: What are the technical features of blockchain? A: Based on open source software and peer-to-peer network, blockchain can bring more advantages than traditional network in currency related fields such as transaction payment. These advantages include: decentralization, no need to trust the system, disintermediation, tamper proof, encryption security. Q: How does blockchain technology improve the authenticity and non tamperability of data? A: The newly added data blocks are linearly added to the end of the original block in chronological order, which constitutes the blockchain. In this process, the data is distributed in each computer. This decentralized storage method improves the authenticity and non tamperability of the data. When a transaction occurs, users all over the world can act as regulators. If we do not recognize the legitimacy of the transaction, the transaction cannot be concluded, and the data on the blockchain is maintained by us collectively. Q: Is there any potential defect in such a brain burning "blockchain"? A: Blockchain also has some defects to be solved, such as security risks, work efficiency and resource consumption. Since the supervision of blockchain depends on all nodes in the network, theoretically speaking, if you master more than 50% of the computing power of the whole network, you will be able to successfully tamper with and forge blockchain data. Secondly, e to the distributed storage, each node in the blockchain needs to keep a database, and any transaction in the network needs to be authenticated and recorded by other nodes, so the efficiency of the system is low. Finally, because the operation of the blockchain relies on the computing power contributed by the network nodes, these computing power do not proce actual social value, so it is generally considered that these computing power resources are "wasted". Application of blockchain in various fields when blockchain technology is published, many people think it is possible to realize DAC. DAC (full name) can be translated into distributed autonomous system, which refers to an organization system that runs autonomously without intervention and management through a series of open and fair rules. DAC has many forms. It may be a digital currency, a system or an entity, or even a driverless car. This kind of organization system can provide valuable services for customers in the form of currency transfer (such as bitcoin), asset transaction, domain name service, or any other business model. Therefore, through the idea of information sharing, blockchain technology is likely to bring profound changes in cost rection and security improvement to various instries. Application scenarios that existing blockchain technology can achieve: proof of existence can be used to confirm rights in the field of Internet finance, that is, blockchain can really realize "proving your mother is your mother". The smart contract guarantees the validity of the contract, such as the generation required by the electronic signature law; Reliability of methods for storing or transmitting data messages; The reliability of the method of maintaining content integrity; The reliability of the method used to identify the sender. The blockchain of the Internet of things can solve the problem of the coding standard interaction interface of the Internet of things. When an e-signature is signed by identity verification, the signature data is only under the exclusive control of the signer. Any changes to the e-signature after signing can be found, and any changes to the content and form of the data message after signing can also be found. The market forecasting community, August, is an example. Anyone can access and use August anywhere in the world, which may bring unprecedented liquidity and trading volume to the market. Asset trading NASDAQ OMX Group Inc is testing blockchain technology, which NASDAQ believes has the opportunity to transform traditional financial trading methods into bitcoin like ones. The bitcoin mode of e-commerce can be applied directly. Is it possible for e-commerce to become a "harmonious" market without supervision? Social news magmavc has invested $400000 in getgems (formerly known as gems), a start-up project for decentralized social communications applications. File storage directly impacts and even subverts the traditional cloud computing architecture. Chain, a data API blockchain API service provider, has received a $9.5 million investment led by Khosla ventures. Wall Street's financial companies are investing in blockchain and seizing the beach. Visa, NASDAQ and Citigroup also invested in chain, an old Jinshan blockchain start-up, with a financing amount of US $30 million. In the financial field, what can blockchain do? Specifically, in the financial field, in addition to providing a trading platform for bitcoin, Jiuding investment believes that blockchain technology can also greatly improve various asset trading systems other than the existing digital currency. For example, it plays an important role in the post transaction market proceres such as the liquidation and settlement of financial derivatives, foreign exchange, private equity, energy credit linked investment procts and other assets. In terms of speed, the time required for settlement audit in the U.S. securities market is 2 to 3 days. The application of blockchain technology is expected to rece the settlement audit time from hour level to minute level or even second level, thus recing the settlement risk by 99%, and recing the capital cost and system risk. In the blockchain, transaction confirmation and settlement are carried out at the same time. After the node transaction is confirmed by the system, it is automatically written into the distributed ledger, and the corresponding distributed ledgers of all other nodes are updated at the same time. The automatic operation mechanism can greatly shorten the settlement cycle. In terms of expenses, under the current settlement mechanism, in order to achieve a shorter settlement cycle, it is necessary to increase the settlement cost and initial investment expenses significantly. The emergence of blockchain technology makes it possible to rece the settlement cycle more efficiently and quickly, and rece the transaction intermediate proceres, so as to save a lot of money, which is the market space of the related blockchain instry. In terms of security, the integration of blockchain technology into smart contract technology can process complex derivatives transactions programmatically, making clearing more standardized and automated. The time linear stacking feature of the block itself can help the regulators identify and discover illegal operations. At the same time, the smart contract can change the compliance inspection into automation and minimize the possibility of violation from the beginning of liquidation. The 24-hour uninterrupted operation of blockchain technology can also make the data exchange processing of Pan state exchange more stable and reliable. In addition to securities transaction settlement, blockchain can also be used to register and issue digital asset ownership. Blockchain technology can greatly enhance program automation, while smart contract can write many complex derivatives trading terms into the registration and issuance program supported by blockchain technology. When a transaction occurs, blockchain network can quickly and correctly execute. In November 2015, LINQ, a new blockchain technology project cooperated by Nasdaq and chain, has completed the first private equity transaction using the blockchain based issuance and trading platform. The application prospect of blockchain in the field of accounting has also attracted the attention of a large number of people in the instry. Accounting, auditing and compilation cost a lot for global enterprises and the four accounting firms. Automatic accounting based on blockchain technology can greatly rece the relevant costs. The company does not need to recruit special auditors to audit the account book, and all transactions can be stored in the internal blockchain. Due to the irreversibility and time stamp function of the blockchain, the external auditors and regulators of the four major accounting firms can monitor the company's account books in real time by tracking these blockchains. At the same time, the institutions can greatly rece the dependence on the auditors to audit financial transactions and make the audit business more efficient. With the increasing maturity and application expansion of blockchain technology, blockchain start-ups in developed countries have sprung up. At present, the world's leading blockchain companies generally focus on transaction, payment, clearing, Internet of things and other pain point businesses. Some companies have achieved a certain scale, and have developed a relatively clear business model. At the same time, many companies have extended their business in the blockchain instrial chain, covering payment, transaction, risk control, etc., making full use of the multi-point coordination effect. At present, Jiuding investment is also focusing on the projects and applications of various blockchain technologies.

5. Centralization is to subtract the mean and Z-score is to divide it by the standard deviation. Both of them are centralization methods.

6. E-commerce is a new interdisciplinary subject integrating computer science, marketing, management, law and modern logistics. The purpose is to train senior application-oriented technical personnel who systematically master the basic knowledge and skills of e-commerce, are familiar with the basic business processes of various e-commerce activities, and can skillfully use e-commerce skills and modern information technology to engage in e-commerce activities, e-commerce website and system construction and security maintenance, and e-commerce management business. Basic introction
Electronic Commerce (EC). Generally speaking, e-commerce, e-commerce is the use of the Internet to carry out business activities. When an enterprise directly connects its main business with its staff, customers, suppliers and partners through its intranet, extranet and Internet, the activity that occurs is e-commerce. It is a new interdisciplinary subject integrating computer science, marketing, management, law and modern logistics. Cultivate innovative and compound e-commerce senior professionals who master the basic theories and knowledge of computer information technology, marketing, international trade, management, law and modern logistics, have the ability to carry out business activities by using the network, improve enterprise management methods by using computer information technology and modern logistics methods, and improve enterprise management level
folding professional direction
e-commerce major has six professional directions: website design and program direction, network marketing editing direction, network proct planning direction, enterprise informatization, personal network entrepreneurship and bank card R & D direction. The courses required by e-commerce major in different colleges and universities are also different. Some colleges and universities pay attention to e-commerce network technology and computer technology, and some colleges and universities will focus on business model. These are mainly reflected in the departments of the major, some in the school of management, some in the school of information science and technology, and some in the school of software, In this way, there will be some differences in the specialties of students cultivated in various colleges and universities<
employment direction
after graation, you can be engaged in bank background operation (network operation), website design, website construction and maintenance, or network editing, website content maintenance and network marketing (including international trade), marketing planning of enterprise goods and services, or engaged in customer relationship management E-commerce project management, e-commerce activities planning and operation, e-commerce system development and maintenance, and engaged in E-commerce Teaching in schools at all levels. College students can also be engaged in telemarketing, e-commerce assistant and other civilian work in the call center. The average annual salary is about 15W, which is worth recommending.

7.

Decentralization means no center

extended meaning: with the deepening of the interaction between subject and object, the continuous balance of cognitive function and the continuous improvement of cognitive structure, the indivial can be released from the egocentric state, which Piaget calls decentralization

This kind of open, flat and equal system phenomenon or structure is called decentralization

extended data:

in a system with many nodes, each node has the characteristics of high degree of autonomy. Nodes can connect freely to each other to form a new connection unit. Any node may become the stage center, but it does not have the mandatory central control function. The influence between nodes will form nonlinear causality through the network. This open, flat and equal system phenomenon or structure is called decentralization

with the deepening of the interaction between subject and object, the constant balance of cognitive function and the continuous improvement of cognitive structure, the indivial can be released from the egocentric state, which is called decentralization