Director decentralization
Media major has a bright future and is expanding. Under the development trend of the integration of radio and television program proction talents, the employment prospect of radio and television program proction specialty is increasingly broad. In addition, it is worth mentioning that as the fourth largest modern media network heating up, network art graates will have a good development prospect. Whether in the radio, television, or network companies, radio and television editing and directing graates will be of great use. Specific work can be for reporters, planning, program director, camera, editing, writing, post proction, editing, and even lighting, field records, can also be set up in the TV channel as a procer in the column group. The employment platform is big, you study hard, there are many opportunities
I. teaching purpose: through the study of this chapter, students can understand what kind of work TV Editing and directing is and what kind of quality they should have, and make clear the differences between TV Editing and directing, film director and TV editor< Second, teaching requirements: through teaching, students can understand the working characteristics and professional characteristics of TV director, and make clear the quality requirements, functions and specific tasks of TV director< 3. Teaching hours: 4 class hours< Four, teaching content:
the meaning of the first section
the professional characteristics and quality requirements of the second section
the status and role of the third section
the specific tasks of the fourth section
five, teaching steps:
1, lead in the new class: start by asking students "who do you think is the most important creator of a TV program?", Put forward the work of TV director and staff, so as to introce the new course<
2. Launch Professor:
the director of Chinese TV is one of the important factors in the development of TV instry
in the era of great development of China's TV instry since the reform and opening up, the number of TV directors and editors has expanded rapidly. How many people are there in China? So far, there are no statistics
the achievements of Chinese TV are attributed to TV directors. Although television, like film, is a collective art creation activity, the director, as the main creator, plays an important role in artistic guidance and quality control in the proction of TV programs<
the first section is the meaning of TV director
TV director is a unique job and occupation of TV. It is generally on TV programs, documentaries and other documentary TV works< In China, just as there were no TV feature films at the beginning, TV program directors did not exist at the beginning
TV director can be said to be proced with the emergence of TV feature films
with the rapid development of television instry, special programs are graally separated from news programs, and have their own unique and fixed forms
in these changes, the name of TV director is more and more fixed, the division of labor is more and more clear, the responsibilities are more and more clear, and the status is more and more important<
Second, the difference between TV program director and film director
director: a position in artistic creation such as drama and film. His ty is to make artistic conception according to the script, draw up artistic treatment plan and director's plan, organize and guide rehearsal or shooting. Through the creative practice of actors and relevant personnel, the content of the script can be embodied in the specific stage and screen image, so as to achieve the predetermined performance purpose
TV program director refers to the most important creative core work of TV documentary works. Specifically, it refers to the systematic creative activities of selecting valuable subjects from real life for planning, interviewing, making shooting outline, organizing shooting, editing and proction, and finally checking the works. Also refers to people engaged in the work< The differences between TV director and film director are as follows:
1. From the perspective of artistic creation:
director: not original works, but making the content of the script cinematic and audio-visual
TV director: creation has al characteristics: it is not only the original work, but also the expression of the selected content (Theme), that is, its television. This determines that the creative activities of TV director must run through the whole process of works creation
2. From the perspective of working situation:
the film director emphasizes artistic creation and fully embodies artistic personality
TV editors and directors should serve social reality, political situation and other current affairs. Some of them are "obedient" works with little artistic personality
3. In terms of organizational form,
1. Similarities: both film director and TV director are in the position of artistic creation organization director, commander and order publisher, which determine the direction and form of creation, and lead the creative collective to complete the creative task together< (2) the difference is that the TV director must also be the creator of the content of the work, and determine the theme, dominant idea, connotation and depth of the work. His command is more comprehensive and thorough< In terms of working conditions:
1. Scope of work: the director is more simple than the director. Generally, he only needs to concentrate on artistic creation and is responsible for solving problems within the scope of artistic creation. Other related matters are in the charge of proction and other special personnel; In addition to artistic creation, TV directors also have to deal with the society and take charge of everything in person< (2) degree of control: from the perspective of creation (especially shooting),
film directors have strong control, so the degree of work tension is relatively low
e to the documentary nature of their creation, TV directors have great uncontrollability in their creation (shooting). First, the content of documentary works is the developing and changing real life. In their creation (shooting), with the development of events and the comprehensive and in-depth understanding of things, the direction, theme and even theme of their creation may change, And sometimes these need immediate decision, so the TV director is often in a high tension of creative state. Second, the subjects of documentary works are not controllable
③ dependence on objective conditions: film directors are not strongly dependent on objective conditions in shooting. TV directors and directors have a great dependence on the objective conditions in the shooting of documentary works
5. Time requirements: the film shooting and proction cycle is generally long, and there is a certain degree of tolerance in the completion time; Most TV works have fixed broadcast time, short proction cycle and strict time requirements
6. Proction funds: the film director has a certain financial guarantee, and generally does not need to consider the issue of funds; There is a fixed amount of money for TV Editing and directing, which is often very tight. Sometimes we have to try to raise money
it can be seen from the comparison that the work of TV Editing and directing should be both "wide" and "professional", both "fast" and "good"
"Guang" refers to the TV programs that are edited and directed, and the themes will involve all aspects of social life; The genre may be news, record, special topic or even evening party or TV play; In terms of personnel, we should not only lead our own film crew, but also deal with all aspects of society; Financially, they often have to manage their own money, not only spend money, but also raise money and recycle money
"specialty" means not only to understand every aspect of TV proction, but also to understand the artistic rules of the "theme" and "genre" of the TV film
"fast" means that TV programs should not only focus on the timeliness of content, but also the speed and efficiency of proction
"good" means that the theme is open, the form is new, and the style is new. Not only the leaders are satisfied, the audience are satisfied, but also they are satisfied
it can be seen that it is very difficult to be an excellent TV director, which is much more difficult than being an excellent film director
in spite of the difficulties, we have to make progress. Otherwise, the level of TV can never be improved, and it can only be evaluated as "mass culture fast food"< Third, the concept and difference between TV program director and TV program editor
TV program director not only refers to the most important and core creative work of TV program, but also refers to the people who do it
"editing" refers to the organization, reading, editing, processing and sorting of manuscripts (works or materials) of press and publishing institutions. It is an important link before the final draft is printed. It also refers to people who are engaged in editorial work
obviously, editing mainly refers to the later work. It refers to the last process before TV program broadcasting, that is, the post proction of TV program, all the necessary working processes for editing the original material lens into TV program, such as (writing text manuscript), sorting material lens, picture sound editing (including using special effects), recording with language script, superimposing screen text and graphics, arranging sound effects and music, editing and editing Review and modify, and finally edit the footage into a broadcast tape
TV program editors are not the creators of TV programs
the nature of the work of TV program director is obviously different from that of editor. The creation of TV program director is original rather than processed and perfected; It involves more work links, and the workload and scope of work are far larger than that of editors
they are the difference between the whole and a certain link< The so-called occupational sensitivity is to pay special attention to the things related to one's career in social life, and be able to discover and grasp them in time, so as to make it meaningful for one's career
as the main creator of TV programs, TV directors must have a strong professional sensitivity, that is, from a professional point of view, they should be good at observing social life, be able to find valuable subjects, grasp vivid events, phenomena and hot spots and focus issues concerned by the masses, so as to be beneficial to their own creation
there are three aspects to develop occupational sensitivity: (1) professional orientation and attention habit; (2) rich life experience; (3) rich cultural knowledge cultivation
2. Wide range of knowledge
as creation may involve various aspects of content, TV director should be a generalist to some extent. He should contact and learn all kinds of knowledge as much as possible to improve his artistic cultivation, so as to play the art synaesthesia role of complementary and mutual promotion of various aspects of knowledge and improve his creative ability and level
3. The comprehensiveness of TV business
the director is not only the core and leader of TV program creation collective, but also the chief designer and commander in chief of professional aspects, which requires him to be a generalist of TV major, that is, he not only has the ability to select materials, plan, conceive, organize interviews and shooting activities, but also understands and is familiar with the professional characteristics of each process of TV creation Relevant knowledge and skills. Although you don't have to be proficient in everything, it's very beneficial to have some professional appreciation
4. Macro and micro
as the creator and gatekeeper of TV columns and programs, the director determines the broadcasting quality and level of a column or program to a great extent. Therefore, he should not only have the macro awareness of the column and program, but also have the careful and specific attention and inspection of the column and program. Such as the use of camera lens, the coordination of commentary and picture, broadcast errors and omissions, picture sound quality, editing background image of host, and even subtitles< Secondly, the quality of TV director and editor
1. Political, ideological and quality quality quality
to grasp the correct guidance of public opinion and provide excellent TV works for the audience, the director and editor must have a certain political mind, theoretical level of policy and higher ideological and moral quality. They include:
1) political quality: to reach a certain height of political thought, strong political sensitivity, strong sense of social responsibility and analytical ability, so that their ideology is highly consistent with the values and moral standards of the mainstream society< (2) ideological quality: strong dedication and professionalism; The pursuit of truth and acceptance
the majors of drama include: drama, film and television literature, drama, film and television director, drama ecation, etc
the majors of film and television science generally include: TV program proction, film and television photography and proction, feature film proction, documentary proction, new media operation, recording art, film and television proction management, etc
the categories and selection of majors are determined by the opening of the school's own majors and the enrollment situation among different regions. Therefore, there are many choices for the major of editing and directing, and we can carry out targeted learning according to our own interests and abilities
the main courses include: communication, introction to TV art, introction to drama art, Chinese opera, analysis of film and television works, audio-visual language, TV program proction, post proction and editing, colorology, photography technology, lighting technology, TV program planning, documentary creation, etc
there are corresponding courses for each major in the University, so the above is just a general list. The professional study ring the art examination is not so difficult and complex, mainly focusing on the understanding and application of basic knowledge. The employment direction of the major of director is also very wide
employment direction: the specific work can be reporter, planning, program director, camera shooting, editing, writing, proction, post proction, editing, and even lighting, field notes
as a matter of fact, people majoring in editing and directing have strong comprehensive quality and professional ability. In fact, no matter what position, the professional director has a very good executive power and work ability. Coupled with the interoperability of media major, the employment of director major is relatively less limited.
Responsibilities of the editor and director
1. Participate in the topic selection plan and proction schele of the column in charge, and complete the script writing of the column in charge
2. Cooperate with the communication and coordination in the column proction process to ensure the smooth column proction
3. Supervise and cooperate with the camera and post proction personnel to complete the shooting and post proction of the program
4. Assist in the formulation and implementation of studio shooting process to ensure smooth and efficient shooting process
the early stage of the work includes several basic contents:
1. Topic selection: as a director, the correct choice of theme is half of success
2. Conceive and determine the shooting plan: Based on the understanding of the selected subject or the previous interview, the director should make in-depth and creative thinking on the topic selection, so as to determine the theme, the way of expression and the basic structure, and formulate the shooting outline
3. Preparation before shooting: whether the preparation before shooting is sufficient or not is directly related to the smooth progress of shooting
The preparatory work before shooting mainly includes: (1) to set up a TV proction team and carry out a reasonable and strict division of labor(2) understanding and investigation of the shooting object, site, environment, etc
(3) preparation of shooting equipmentthe post establishment is an extremely important work of the director. During this period, the main work of the editor and director is as follows:
(1) review and determine the text draft
(2) to clarify their creative ideas and requirements to editors
(3) to guide the editing work of TV film, grasp the expression, rhythm and style of the picture and sound of the work
(4) the use of special effects, subtitles and other technical means (5) carefully and comprehensively check{rrrrrrr}
extended materials:
main courses
History of Chinese and foreign literature, history of Chinese and foreign films, introction to television art, introction to dramatic art, communication, analysis of film and television works, audio-visual language, foundation of radio and television editing and directing, skills of television program proction, photography and photography, TV news gathering, editing and broadcasting, non-linear editing technology and application, and so on Advertising creativity and proction, broadcasting and hosting, computer network foundation, digital audio and video technology, news regulations and professional ethics, short film proction, documentary creation, multimedia technology and application, film and television digital synthesis technology, etc
Professional training requirements: students of this major mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of drama, drama, film, television, fine arts, music, drama literature, etc., receive the basic training of directing art, and have the basic ability of directing creationmain courses: screenplay creation, short film creation, performance elements, drama fragment creation, editing basis, table directing practice, drama basis, shooting, audio-visual, digital recording proction, TV program creation, film and television make-up, film and television performing arts, music basis, etc
employment direction: Theater (Group), film studio, TV station, TV proction center and other departments are engaged in directing and theoretical creation of drama, opera art, film, TV proction and other aspects
at present, it's relatively easy to get employment for the major of director. There are many instries that can be engaged in. You can choose one of them to cultivate yourself and confirm the employment position
1. TV program proction major
to cultivate high-level technical applied professionals with professional knowledge and skills in TV program planning, creation, proction, etc., who can be engaged in TV program editing and directing, art photography, sound design, writing, proction, etc., and require students to master the basic skills of TV program proction
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the work of the director:
1, the work of the director in the early stage of creation
includes several basic contents:
1, topic selection: as a director, the correct choice of theme is half of success. General topics are mainly based on these points: first, the requirements of the times; Second, audience interest; Third, the economic and technological conditions of the television organization; Fourth, if broadcast in the column, we should consider the positioning, objectiveness and tone of the column
2. Conceive and determine the shooting plan: Based on the understanding of the selected subject or the previous interview, the director should make in-depth and creative thinking on the topic selection, so as to determine the theme, the way of expression and the basic structure, and formulate the shooting outline
3. Preparation before shooting: whether the preparation before shooting is sufficient or not is directly related to the smooth progress of shooting
The preparatory work before shooting mainly includes: (1) to set up a TV proction team and carry out a reasonable and strict division of labor(2) understanding and investigation of the shooting object, site, environment, etc
(3) preparation of shooting equipment2, shooting interview
shooting interview is the most important link to obtain video and sound materials in TV creation. During this period, the director should first contact with the outside world to implement the shooting location, time and other specific matters
The second is to arrange the shooting process and interview matters internally; Third, we should arrange the scene, arrange or direct the shooting, guide the on-site interview, find problems, make decisions and deal with them in time Fourthly, sometimes the director and director are both camera makers and directors or hosts. At this time, attention should be paid to the overall situation3, the later development is an extremely important work of the director. During this period, the main work of the editor and director is as follows:
(1) review and determine the text draft
(2) to clarify their creative ideas and requirements to editors
(3) to guide the editing work of TV film, grasp the expression, rhythm and style of the picture and sound of the work
(4) the use of special effects, subtitles and other technical means (5) carefully and comprehensively checkAs a director, we must choose the subject matter, conceive and determine the shooting plan. We need to prepare before shooting, which is directly related to the smooth progress of shooting
based on the understanding of the selected theme or the previous interview, the director should make in-depth and creative thinking on the topic selection, so as to determine the theme, the way of expression and the basic structure, and formulate the shooting outline
the preparations before shooting mainly include: preparing for the establishment of a television proction team, carrying out a reasonable and strict division of labor; Understanding and investigation of the shooting object, site, environment, etc; Preparation of shooting equipment
extended materials:
shooting and interview is the most important link to obtain video and sound materials in TV creation. During this period, the director should first contact with the outside world to implement the shooting location, time and other specific matters; It is necessary to arrange the shooting process and interview matters internally
scene scheling, arranging or directing shooting, and guiding on-site interview should be carried out on the shooting site, and problems should be found and resolved in time; Sometimes the director and director are both cameras, switching directors or hosts. At this time, we should pay attention to the overall situation
it has attracted much attention for the students to participate in the college entrance examination, and irrigation ecation has always been used in our country. The students all think that as long as they can pass the examination, everything will be fine. In fact, it is these students who are first brushed off by the examiners in the examination room
The employment direction of editing and directing major includes several moles.
1. Literary and artistic editing and directing refers to the most important creative core work of TV documentary works. Specifically, it refers to the systematic creative activities of selecting valuable subjects from real life for planning, interviewing, making shooting outline, organizing shooting, editing and proction, and finally checking the works. Also refers to people engaged in the work
2. News editing and directing
Radio and television editing and directing major is a new major in recent years, which belongs to the art major. Students of radio and television editing and directing major mainly study the basic theory and knowledge of art, literature, aesthetics, radio and television art, and receive basic training in radio and television program editing and directing, planning, proction, hosting, etc. Master the basic ability of creation and management of radio, TV programs, columns, channels, etc< Film and television drama director, also known as film and television director major, is a subject related to film and television. Modern media of all kinds of complex human type, multi-functional professionals, focusing on the combination of art and technology innovation
4. Feature film director
feature film is a film that focuses on a theme, often used to explain something or explain a science
5. TV editor
with strong planning and proction ability of film and television, evening party and all kinds of comprehensive activities, the personnel and organizations that can show the required content in the works through image and language, and guide the team (staff) to work
6. Music editing and network art
network art, also known as network art or digital art, is translated from English, and its English expression is Internet art, online art, web art, net art or art online, spanning the two fields of "network" and "art"
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significance of editing and directing
editing and directing can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Narrow sense refers to the major of radio and television editing and directing and its similar majors, such as drama, film and television literature, directing and so on. In a broad sense, director refers to those who master audio-visual language and other professional skills to create and arrange their own work in the film and television media instry. The main schools offering such majors are Communication University of China, Zhejiang Communication University, Beijing Film Academy, Chongqing University, Hunan University, Sichuan University, Southwest University, etc
reference: Director network
Hello, Mr. Shu Yijun, also known as the art examination of radio and TV director, is the general name of the major of radio and TV director, drama, film and television literature, film and television photography and proction. He summarized several required subjects as follows: ① story creation, story writing is to give you key words to write stories. To write a good story, we must master a lot of story materials and practice more. There are three test methods: (1) proposition creation, such as "double crisis" to write a story of no less than 800 words 2) Key words writing, such as "smoke", "dog", "woman" three key words to write a story of no less than 800 words 3) Story continuation: when I woke up, I found that I had a chip implanted in my brain... And continued to write a story of no less than 800 words. ② Film and television works analysis film and television works analysis is to let you write critical articles, according to the given film and television works to analyze. It is necessary to grasp the accumulation of film watching and the training of film review writing. There are mainly two ways to analyze film and television works: (1) silent review, such as Shandong Province and Anhui Province, silent review of film and television works analysis, silent review is to give you 3-5 movie names, let you write about 1000 words of evaluation articles, don't let you watch movies 2) Watch a micro film or documentary on the spot, give you 2 hours and 30 minutes to write a 1000 word essay, or give you 5 questions to answer. ③ Common sense of literature and art the scope of common sense of literature and art is mainly the most basic knowledge of literature and art, there is no shortcut to learn common sense of literature and art, recitation is the main learning method. The common sense of literature can be divided into multiple-choice questions, fill in the blank questions, noun explanation questions, argumentation questions, short answer questions, etc. the types of questions are relatively rich, and the knowledge points investigated are very extensive. Some provinces even take the examination of some super key questions, which requires a lot of effort. ④ The content of the interview mainly includes: (1) three points should be paid attention to: dealing with the relationship between the characters, the plot of the story, and the suspense of the story 2) When answering the questions of the examiners, you can think about it for a moment, and then say it again after you think about it, but you can't delay it for too long. Don't falter and haw when answering the questions, be vague, and express it clearly 3) Subject 3: self introction, to be sincere, modest, rich in characteristics and personality 4) Subject 4: specialty display (vocal music, instrumental music, dance, quyi, etc.). Candidates will be allowed to prepare in a preparation room in advance, and then enter the interview room together in groups. Five teachers will ask questions in turn. Generally speaking, they will introce themselves first, and then the examiner will ask questions, which will involve a wide range of questions, which need to be accumulated in the usual preparation process
media major has a bright future and is expanding. Under the development trend of the integration of radio and television program proction talents, the employment prospect of radio and television program proction specialty is increasingly broad. In addition, it is worth mentioning that as the fourth largest modern media network heating up, network art graates will have a good development prospect. Whether in the radio, television, or network companies, radio and television editing and directing graates will be of great use. Specific work can be for reporters, planning, program director, camera, editing, writing, post proction, editing, and even lighting, field records, can also be set up in the TV channel as a procer in the column group. The employment platform is big, you study hard, there are many opportunities
In 2020, the admission control score of art, music and calligraphy cultural courses will increase to 70% of the general undergraate line, and the admission control score of literature editing and directing, broadcasting and hosting, and photography cultural courses will increase to 85% of the general undergraate line. In 2021, the admission control score of Arts, music and calligraphy cultural courses will be increased to 75% of that of ordinary undergraate courses
the admission control scores of literature editing and directing, broadcasting and hosting, and photography cultural courses have been raised to ordinary undergraate level. The admission control score line of dance, film and television drama performance and fashion performance (model) is still 65% of the ordinary undergraate line
extended materials:
the score line of each province's director is different, as long as you can pass the minimum score line of the Province's art class, the director's major requires higher cultural score than broadcasting, hosting and performance, generally more than 400 points. But when you apply for school, the higher your score, the better. You can use the "2017 art score line" on the Internet to figure out the specific art score line of each province
some school directors do not recruit science students, so liberal arts students have a little advantage. Second, the cultural requirements of the director are very high. If you want to go to a good school like Zhongchuan and Zhezhuan, you have to take about one cultural course. Zhongchuan's abnormal cultural course is even 20 or 30 points higher than one, so the cultural course is good. Third, many schools have provincial enrollment plans, and many schools in some provinces do not recruit students. You need to understand this carefully< br />