Decentralization in Stata

1. According to Hou Jietai: the so-called centralization refers to subtracting the mean value of a variable from its expected value. For sample data, each observation value of a variable is subtracted from the sample average value of the variable, and the transformed variable is centralized
for your question, subtract the mean from each measurement.

2. Only iron pick can dig ore and water in the mine cave. It's better to bring some wood and a fire into the mine cave. You can only knock round stones by the river to have a small chance to proce iron ore. The Iron pick is not useful for iron ore. It's the same to decide what equipment you wear. The iron spear and crossbow must be available, and then according to the cold and hot conditions of the mine cave you want to go to at that time

3.

The cost of mining equipment is mainly mining equipment cost, electricity cost, time cost (technology network cost is ignored)

I. mining equipment cost

with the popularity of bitcoin, more and more people join in mining, and the difficulty of mining also increases. Mining equipment is also developed from ordinary computer to professional mining machine, and mining machine cost fluctuates, If the currency price is high, the cost will be high, and if the currency price is low, the cost will be lower

and the prices of bitcoin machines with different models and parameters are also different. At present, the well-known bitcoin machines on the market are ant S9 and Shenma m3. The current price of bitcoin is 50000, and the cost is less than 10000

Electricity cost and technical management electricity cost is also a very important cost for mining. The power consumption of bitcoin mining machine is relatively large, which will inevitably proce a large amount of electricity cost when the mining machine is running 24 hours, while the cost of household electricity is relatively high, so the current trend of mining is transformed into the centralized mining of large mines, Generally, the electricity price will be lower and cheaper than that at home, and the mine has professional technicians to solve certain technical problems

if you want to know more about the mining field, please send me a private message

if you want to know more about the mining field, you can send me a private message

4. It can be centralized

5. If you search office 2011 for Mac on the Internet, you can download it. There is no ie. you don't need to find it (there are other ways to run it, but there are many problems). Just like Stata, search Stata for Mac