Calculation power of curriculum standard
Publish: 2021-04-13 18:41:04
1. 1、 Background of the project
1. To cultivate students' computing ability is an important task of primary school mathematics teaching and an important foundation for students to learn mathematics in the future. According to the quality analysis of usual testing and final examination, students' computing ability is generally low, which undoubtedly causes great obstacles to students' learning and development. In order to quickly and effectively improve students' computing ability, better develop students' thinking, and improve the quality of mathematics teaching in a large area, it is necessary to strengthen the teaching of calculation as a breakthrough in primary school mathematics teaching
2. Through the research of this topic, we should strive to improve students' computing ability, cultivate their oral, mental and written abilities, and encourage students to graally like mathematics and become interested in calculation in lively and relaxed learning. So as to improve students' academic performance and lay a solid foundation for students' future study< Second, the goal of the research is to find out the reasons for the slow speed and low accuracy of students' mathematical calculation< Looking for teaching breakthrough and teaching training methods that can improve students' mathematical calculation speed and accuracy: (1) strengthen students' oral calculation training by taking oral calculation ability training as a breakthrough 2) Control a certain amount of training to cultivate students' sense of number 3) While paying attention to the training of students' thinking ability, we should pay attention to the training of students' mathematical calculation, grasp the basis, highlight the pertinence, find the regularity, and properly integrate< Third, research measures
1
"in order to cultivate students' computational ability, we should pay attention to the basic training of oral arithmetic, insist on regular practice, and graally achieve proficiency." This is the requirement of mathematics curriculum standard. In the process of teaching, we should organize teaching and training in a planned, step-by-step and purposeful way, such as listening to arithmetic, reading cards and oral arithmetic, reading questions and calculating silently, and repeatedly emphasize that the first is correct and then fast
2. Strengthen basic knowledge and improve written calculation ability
in calculation teaching, oral calculation is the basis of written calculation, while written calculation is the key. Written calculation plays an extremely important role in primary school mathematics teaching. No matter how advanced the technology is in the future, the ability of written calculation is always a necessary ability for primary school students
(1) to enable students to understand the basic knowledge of mathematics and master skills is the primary condition for the formation of computational ability
each calculation is based on the corresponding concepts, rules, properties, formulas and other basic knowledge. If students don't understand these basic knowledge correctly and master them thoroughly, they can't calculate. Only after students understand and master the relevant operation properties, laws and skills, can they apply these knowledge in specific calculation to seek simple and reasonable methods, improve the accuracy of calculation and speed up calculation
(2) strengthening practice and skill training is the key to the formation of students' computing ability
for example, in the calculation of four items of scores, some students often encounter the situation that the calculation method is correct but the calculation result is wrong. The reason for the error lies in the basic skills such as score rection, general score or mutualization; Another example is the division of decimals, especially when the divisor is a decimal. The mistake is that when the divisor becomes an integer, the divisor does not expand the same multiple at the same time, resulting in a wrong quotient. So we should strengthen the training of basic calculation skills in calculation practice
(3) memorize common data to improve the calculation speed
in the four arithmetic operations, if students memorize some common data, it will not only help students to achieve the requirements of "correct and rapid", but also help them master the skills of calculation. For example: special data with sum and proct of whole hundred and thousand (for example: 75 + 25 = 100 + 25) × 4=100 125 × 8=1000 The proct of the approximate value of PI 3.14 with one digit and the proct with several common numbers 12, 15, 16, 25 and 36; The denominator is the decimal value of the simplest fraction of 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20 and 25, that is, the interaction of these fractions and decimals
the results of the above numbers, whether in daily work or in real life, are used very frequently. After mastering and remembering them, they can be transformed into abilities and proce high efficiency in calculation
3
after mastering the calculation method, students tend to deal with the boring calculation, resulting in more calculation errors. At this time, the proper development of some computing competition activities, often can better mobilize the students' learning initiative, improve the interest in computing, and achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of computing. This semester, I plan to carry out two calculation competitions in the class, in order to improve the students' interest in calculation and improve the accuracy of calculation. After the competition, pay attention to sort out the students' mistakes, analyze and classify them, and then make targeted remedies, so as to clear the obstacles for improving the students' computing ability
4. Encourage students to have a pleasant learning experience
teachers should encourage students to make mistakes e to carelessness. In the usual homework correction, we should affirm its strengths, enhance self-confidence, put forward ardent hope, and urge it to correct its shortcomings< 5. Expected effect
1
2. Cultivate students to participate in the derivation of rules and formulas, and truly clarify the calculation
3. Help students memorize common data and improve the calculation speed
4. Pay attention to the analysis of wrong cases and suit the right medicine to the case
5. Cultivate students' habit of checking calculation consciously and correcting mistakes independently
6. Cultivate students' habit of summarizing and reflecting.
1. To cultivate students' computing ability is an important task of primary school mathematics teaching and an important foundation for students to learn mathematics in the future. According to the quality analysis of usual testing and final examination, students' computing ability is generally low, which undoubtedly causes great obstacles to students' learning and development. In order to quickly and effectively improve students' computing ability, better develop students' thinking, and improve the quality of mathematics teaching in a large area, it is necessary to strengthen the teaching of calculation as a breakthrough in primary school mathematics teaching
2. Through the research of this topic, we should strive to improve students' computing ability, cultivate their oral, mental and written abilities, and encourage students to graally like mathematics and become interested in calculation in lively and relaxed learning. So as to improve students' academic performance and lay a solid foundation for students' future study< Second, the goal of the research is to find out the reasons for the slow speed and low accuracy of students' mathematical calculation< Looking for teaching breakthrough and teaching training methods that can improve students' mathematical calculation speed and accuracy: (1) strengthen students' oral calculation training by taking oral calculation ability training as a breakthrough 2) Control a certain amount of training to cultivate students' sense of number 3) While paying attention to the training of students' thinking ability, we should pay attention to the training of students' mathematical calculation, grasp the basis, highlight the pertinence, find the regularity, and properly integrate< Third, research measures
1
"in order to cultivate students' computational ability, we should pay attention to the basic training of oral arithmetic, insist on regular practice, and graally achieve proficiency." This is the requirement of mathematics curriculum standard. In the process of teaching, we should organize teaching and training in a planned, step-by-step and purposeful way, such as listening to arithmetic, reading cards and oral arithmetic, reading questions and calculating silently, and repeatedly emphasize that the first is correct and then fast
2. Strengthen basic knowledge and improve written calculation ability
in calculation teaching, oral calculation is the basis of written calculation, while written calculation is the key. Written calculation plays an extremely important role in primary school mathematics teaching. No matter how advanced the technology is in the future, the ability of written calculation is always a necessary ability for primary school students
(1) to enable students to understand the basic knowledge of mathematics and master skills is the primary condition for the formation of computational ability
each calculation is based on the corresponding concepts, rules, properties, formulas and other basic knowledge. If students don't understand these basic knowledge correctly and master them thoroughly, they can't calculate. Only after students understand and master the relevant operation properties, laws and skills, can they apply these knowledge in specific calculation to seek simple and reasonable methods, improve the accuracy of calculation and speed up calculation
(2) strengthening practice and skill training is the key to the formation of students' computing ability
for example, in the calculation of four items of scores, some students often encounter the situation that the calculation method is correct but the calculation result is wrong. The reason for the error lies in the basic skills such as score rection, general score or mutualization; Another example is the division of decimals, especially when the divisor is a decimal. The mistake is that when the divisor becomes an integer, the divisor does not expand the same multiple at the same time, resulting in a wrong quotient. So we should strengthen the training of basic calculation skills in calculation practice
(3) memorize common data to improve the calculation speed
in the four arithmetic operations, if students memorize some common data, it will not only help students to achieve the requirements of "correct and rapid", but also help them master the skills of calculation. For example: special data with sum and proct of whole hundred and thousand (for example: 75 + 25 = 100 + 25) × 4=100 125 × 8=1000 The proct of the approximate value of PI 3.14 with one digit and the proct with several common numbers 12, 15, 16, 25 and 36; The denominator is the decimal value of the simplest fraction of 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20 and 25, that is, the interaction of these fractions and decimals
the results of the above numbers, whether in daily work or in real life, are used very frequently. After mastering and remembering them, they can be transformed into abilities and proce high efficiency in calculation
3
after mastering the calculation method, students tend to deal with the boring calculation, resulting in more calculation errors. At this time, the proper development of some computing competition activities, often can better mobilize the students' learning initiative, improve the interest in computing, and achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of computing. This semester, I plan to carry out two calculation competitions in the class, in order to improve the students' interest in calculation and improve the accuracy of calculation. After the competition, pay attention to sort out the students' mistakes, analyze and classify them, and then make targeted remedies, so as to clear the obstacles for improving the students' computing ability
4. Encourage students to have a pleasant learning experience
teachers should encourage students to make mistakes e to carelessness. In the usual homework correction, we should affirm its strengths, enhance self-confidence, put forward ardent hope, and urge it to correct its shortcomings< 5. Expected effect
1
2. Cultivate students to participate in the derivation of rules and formulas, and truly clarify the calculation
3. Help students memorize common data and improve the calculation speed
4. Pay attention to the analysis of wrong cases and suit the right medicine to the case
5. Cultivate students' habit of checking calculation consciously and correcting mistakes independently
6. Cultivate students' habit of summarizing and reflecting.
2. [how to improve pupils' computational ability]
students' computational ability is an important task of primary school mathematics teaching and an important foundation for students to learn mathematics in the future. So, as a junior mathematics teacher, how to cultivate pupils' computing ability? I start from the following aspects:
first, stimulate the interest in learning computing“ Interest is the best teacher. Interesting computing ability is a basic ability that everyone must have. Cultivating drama and vivid stories will make the relatively simple and boring learning of computing lively and interesting. It will make students interested in learning and get twice the result with half the effort
the game is exciting. For example: the division and combination of teaching numbers can adopt the mathematical game of "clapping hands" and take the division and combination of 10 as an example. The teacher patted his hand and asked: Liao Xiaohe, I ask you, what's my 4 beats? This game can be adjusted according to the change of learning content at any time. According to the students' proficiency, the rhythm can be adjusted at any time; It can change the form at any time, such as collective answer, group answer, indivial student answer, teacher ask student answer, student ask student answer and so on
the story is exciting. To stimulate interest with typical examples of Chinese and foreign mathematicians or short stories related to the classroom content. In teaching, we should timely list the typical examples of Chinese and foreign mathematicians. For example, Chen Jingrun, a famous mathematician in our country, constantly calculates in order to conquer "Goldbach conjecture", and the draft paper calculates in several sacks. Through such vivid and typical examples, we can stimulate students' will and arouse their interest in calculation; Or use the stories that students like to hear and see to activate the classroom atmosphere and attract students' attention. For example, in the two digit plus one digit carry addition, there are some mistakes that often appear when "little careless" is doing the problem. Let the students point out the mistakes first, and then look at the mistakes they have made. It not only arouses students' attention, but also stimulates students' interest in mathematics learning, so that students can concentrate on calculation and improve the learning effect in class
Second, cultivate good computing habits
a good habit of computing is a catalyst for success, which benefits people for life. The advantages and disadvantages of students' computing habits directly affect the formation and improvement of their computing ability. Therefore, in order to improve students' computing ability, we should first cultivate students' good habit of examining questions, writing and checking
the habit of examining questions. A good habit of examining questions is the key factor to improve the calculation ability, and the accuracy of calculation largely depends on the correctness of examining questions. Examination is the key first step in the process of calculation. Examination can overcome the influence of thinking set and eliminate the interference of thinking caused by strong information concentration. For example, when calculating 18-7 + 3, many students calculate 18-7 + 3 = 18 e to the strong information of "rounding". As soon as the students see the topic, they do it. They don't examine the topic carefully, and they don't think about what counts first and then what counts. As a result, such a simple calculation problem is wrong. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the cultivation of good examination habits
writing habits. Good writing habits can help students rece unnecessary mistakes. Nonstandard writing is also a common reason for calculation errors. When students are calculating, they sometimes look at it by mistake because of the illegible handwriting, such as 6 and 0, 3 and 8; Some write, write, erase, and blur; Some vertical writing is not standard, the number is not aligned and so on, may cause the calculation error. Therefore, in teaching, it is necessary to require students to write neat, standard format, to urge students to write numbers correctly and clearly
the habit of checking calculation. Checking and checking calculation is not only an effective measure to ensure correct calculation, but also a means to promote students' understanding of calculation process and calculation skills. Students can further understand the inverse operation relationship between addition and subtraction through checking calculation. But because of their weak willpower, primary school students are often unable to consciously check and calculate. Therefore, in the teaching of calculation, we should pay attention to teach students the methods of checking calculation, such as: requiring students to do "four checks": one check whether the number is copied correctly; Second, check whether the symbols are accurate; Third, check whether the operation sequence is correct; 4. Check whether the results are correct and write them down. The cultivation of students' good habits is not a day's work, it needs us to persevere in our efforts. This is a good thing beneficial to students all their lives, and we must do a good job
Third, understand the calculation principle and optimize the algorithm in hands-on operation
calculation is the premise and basis of correct operation. In the students' mind, the examples are clear, and the calculation is orderly. It is a difficult point to explore the arithmetic of carry addition within 20. When learning carry addition within 20, students can put it into practice, experience the process of "making up ten", and understand the method of "making up ten". For example:. At the beginning of class, students list the corresponding formula: 8 + 5 through situations and questions. Some students immediately reported the answer: teacher, 8 + 5 = 13. I said: you are so smart! How many children know the result? If you know, try to verify whether your results are correct; Children who don't know can use learning aids to help us calculate. Under my guidance, students use learning aids to represent 8 and 5 respectively, and operate according to their own different ideas. In the process of operation, students can understand the arithmetic of addition and carry. In the report, I try my best to let the students narrate, supplement, collect all kinds of information, and show a variety of algorithms. On this basis, I guide the students to find that these algorithms are interlinked. They all achieve the purpose of oral calculation by rounding up 10, so that the students can understand this kind of problem. Through the method of "looking at the large number, dividing the decimal, first rounding up 10, then adding a few", they can "optimize" the "diversification" in time, Seek a simple and fast method, so as to improve students' computing ability< Fourth, pay attention to the training of oral arithmetic in the teaching of calculation
in order to make the students have higher computing ability in primary school, we must pay attention to oral arithmetic and strengthen the training of oral arithmetic. Because oral arithmetic is an important part of calculation ability, and it is also the basis of written arithmetic, abacus and estimation. It is widely used in daily life and study. Therefore, in mathematics teaching, I attach great importance to strengthening students' oral arithmetic training. Before each mathematics class, I will use 3 to 5 minutes to carry out various forms of oral arithmetic training for students. For example: (1) oral arithmetic competition, let students write the number directly after the oral arithmetic exercises in the book, and organize proofreading and evaluation after the competition. And let the students who can calculate quickly and correctly talk about their own tricks 2) Read the cards and write the numbers directly. You can write the numbers on the cards. Students can write the numbers one by one. At last, students can show the numbers to organize proofreading and evaluation 3) Look at the problem and answer it by mouth. Let the students do it by themselves and then answer it by name 4) Listen and count, the teacher read the problem, let the students write the problem directly, show the problem after listening and count, organize the students to proofread and evaluate the result 5) Find a friend: let the students take the mental arithmetic card to find the number, etc. This tense and orderly training form can not only pay attention to every student, but also arouse students' great interest, and greatly improve the quality of group students' oral arithmetic practice< 5. Carefully design the calculation exercises
practice is an important way for students to consolidate knowledge and form skills. When designing exercises, we should pay attention to the following points: 1. We can design some exercises that can reflect the basis of calculation theory and the formation of algorithm for students to practice, such as the calculation process of 9 + 5 =. In this way, students not only understand the calculation theory, but also master the calculation method, playing a multiplier effect with half the effort. 2. Practice with easy to confuse contrast. In order to improve the students' identification ability and accuracy of calculation, we put the confusing questions together and let them distinguish and compare. 3. Often make mistakes and practice over and over again. The students use the new algorithm to calculate some of the typical errors on the blackboard, let the students find out the mistakes, correct them, can clear the obstacles for the students algorithm. 4. The practice should be taught according to the person, and the practice goal should be put forward in different levels. For the students with strong computing ability, the requirements can be improved; For students with slow thinking, the requirements are lower; For poor students, let them do the most basic exercises, give help and encouragement in practice, let them overcome inferiority, build up confidence, and really mobilize their learning enthusiasm< Sixth, strengthen the collation and analysis of wrong questions
we should pay attention to the collection and collation of students' mistakes, and analyze the ideological roots of their mistakes. In my usual homework, I prepare a notebook to classify and record the errors in students' calculation, find out the common errors and find out the typical errors, so as to "suit the remedy to the case" in teaching, especially find out the typical errors with unclear calculation and wrong methods, organize students to analyze the root causes, find out the "cause", and then design a certain number of targeted exercises, Purposeful "living therapy". At the same time, each student is required to prepare a wrong problem book, and the students are required to "sort out the wrong problems", record the mistakes in their homework book, exercise book and test paper in the wrong problem book in time, find out the reasons for the mistakes, and correct and classify them in time
it's a long and hard process to cultivate students' computing ability. Let's all math teachers join hands and make unremitting efforts to improve students' computing ability
students' computational ability is an important task of primary school mathematics teaching and an important foundation for students to learn mathematics in the future. So, as a junior mathematics teacher, how to cultivate pupils' computing ability? I start from the following aspects:
first, stimulate the interest in learning computing“ Interest is the best teacher. Interesting computing ability is a basic ability that everyone must have. Cultivating drama and vivid stories will make the relatively simple and boring learning of computing lively and interesting. It will make students interested in learning and get twice the result with half the effort
the game is exciting. For example: the division and combination of teaching numbers can adopt the mathematical game of "clapping hands" and take the division and combination of 10 as an example. The teacher patted his hand and asked: Liao Xiaohe, I ask you, what's my 4 beats? This game can be adjusted according to the change of learning content at any time. According to the students' proficiency, the rhythm can be adjusted at any time; It can change the form at any time, such as collective answer, group answer, indivial student answer, teacher ask student answer, student ask student answer and so on
the story is exciting. To stimulate interest with typical examples of Chinese and foreign mathematicians or short stories related to the classroom content. In teaching, we should timely list the typical examples of Chinese and foreign mathematicians. For example, Chen Jingrun, a famous mathematician in our country, constantly calculates in order to conquer "Goldbach conjecture", and the draft paper calculates in several sacks. Through such vivid and typical examples, we can stimulate students' will and arouse their interest in calculation; Or use the stories that students like to hear and see to activate the classroom atmosphere and attract students' attention. For example, in the two digit plus one digit carry addition, there are some mistakes that often appear when "little careless" is doing the problem. Let the students point out the mistakes first, and then look at the mistakes they have made. It not only arouses students' attention, but also stimulates students' interest in mathematics learning, so that students can concentrate on calculation and improve the learning effect in class
Second, cultivate good computing habits
a good habit of computing is a catalyst for success, which benefits people for life. The advantages and disadvantages of students' computing habits directly affect the formation and improvement of their computing ability. Therefore, in order to improve students' computing ability, we should first cultivate students' good habit of examining questions, writing and checking
the habit of examining questions. A good habit of examining questions is the key factor to improve the calculation ability, and the accuracy of calculation largely depends on the correctness of examining questions. Examination is the key first step in the process of calculation. Examination can overcome the influence of thinking set and eliminate the interference of thinking caused by strong information concentration. For example, when calculating 18-7 + 3, many students calculate 18-7 + 3 = 18 e to the strong information of "rounding". As soon as the students see the topic, they do it. They don't examine the topic carefully, and they don't think about what counts first and then what counts. As a result, such a simple calculation problem is wrong. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the cultivation of good examination habits
writing habits. Good writing habits can help students rece unnecessary mistakes. Nonstandard writing is also a common reason for calculation errors. When students are calculating, they sometimes look at it by mistake because of the illegible handwriting, such as 6 and 0, 3 and 8; Some write, write, erase, and blur; Some vertical writing is not standard, the number is not aligned and so on, may cause the calculation error. Therefore, in teaching, it is necessary to require students to write neat, standard format, to urge students to write numbers correctly and clearly
the habit of checking calculation. Checking and checking calculation is not only an effective measure to ensure correct calculation, but also a means to promote students' understanding of calculation process and calculation skills. Students can further understand the inverse operation relationship between addition and subtraction through checking calculation. But because of their weak willpower, primary school students are often unable to consciously check and calculate. Therefore, in the teaching of calculation, we should pay attention to teach students the methods of checking calculation, such as: requiring students to do "four checks": one check whether the number is copied correctly; Second, check whether the symbols are accurate; Third, check whether the operation sequence is correct; 4. Check whether the results are correct and write them down. The cultivation of students' good habits is not a day's work, it needs us to persevere in our efforts. This is a good thing beneficial to students all their lives, and we must do a good job
Third, understand the calculation principle and optimize the algorithm in hands-on operation
calculation is the premise and basis of correct operation. In the students' mind, the examples are clear, and the calculation is orderly. It is a difficult point to explore the arithmetic of carry addition within 20. When learning carry addition within 20, students can put it into practice, experience the process of "making up ten", and understand the method of "making up ten". For example:. At the beginning of class, students list the corresponding formula: 8 + 5 through situations and questions. Some students immediately reported the answer: teacher, 8 + 5 = 13. I said: you are so smart! How many children know the result? If you know, try to verify whether your results are correct; Children who don't know can use learning aids to help us calculate. Under my guidance, students use learning aids to represent 8 and 5 respectively, and operate according to their own different ideas. In the process of operation, students can understand the arithmetic of addition and carry. In the report, I try my best to let the students narrate, supplement, collect all kinds of information, and show a variety of algorithms. On this basis, I guide the students to find that these algorithms are interlinked. They all achieve the purpose of oral calculation by rounding up 10, so that the students can understand this kind of problem. Through the method of "looking at the large number, dividing the decimal, first rounding up 10, then adding a few", they can "optimize" the "diversification" in time, Seek a simple and fast method, so as to improve students' computing ability< Fourth, pay attention to the training of oral arithmetic in the teaching of calculation
in order to make the students have higher computing ability in primary school, we must pay attention to oral arithmetic and strengthen the training of oral arithmetic. Because oral arithmetic is an important part of calculation ability, and it is also the basis of written arithmetic, abacus and estimation. It is widely used in daily life and study. Therefore, in mathematics teaching, I attach great importance to strengthening students' oral arithmetic training. Before each mathematics class, I will use 3 to 5 minutes to carry out various forms of oral arithmetic training for students. For example: (1) oral arithmetic competition, let students write the number directly after the oral arithmetic exercises in the book, and organize proofreading and evaluation after the competition. And let the students who can calculate quickly and correctly talk about their own tricks 2) Read the cards and write the numbers directly. You can write the numbers on the cards. Students can write the numbers one by one. At last, students can show the numbers to organize proofreading and evaluation 3) Look at the problem and answer it by mouth. Let the students do it by themselves and then answer it by name 4) Listen and count, the teacher read the problem, let the students write the problem directly, show the problem after listening and count, organize the students to proofread and evaluate the result 5) Find a friend: let the students take the mental arithmetic card to find the number, etc. This tense and orderly training form can not only pay attention to every student, but also arouse students' great interest, and greatly improve the quality of group students' oral arithmetic practice< 5. Carefully design the calculation exercises
practice is an important way for students to consolidate knowledge and form skills. When designing exercises, we should pay attention to the following points: 1. We can design some exercises that can reflect the basis of calculation theory and the formation of algorithm for students to practice, such as the calculation process of 9 + 5 =. In this way, students not only understand the calculation theory, but also master the calculation method, playing a multiplier effect with half the effort. 2. Practice with easy to confuse contrast. In order to improve the students' identification ability and accuracy of calculation, we put the confusing questions together and let them distinguish and compare. 3. Often make mistakes and practice over and over again. The students use the new algorithm to calculate some of the typical errors on the blackboard, let the students find out the mistakes, correct them, can clear the obstacles for the students algorithm. 4. The practice should be taught according to the person, and the practice goal should be put forward in different levels. For the students with strong computing ability, the requirements can be improved; For students with slow thinking, the requirements are lower; For poor students, let them do the most basic exercises, give help and encouragement in practice, let them overcome inferiority, build up confidence, and really mobilize their learning enthusiasm< Sixth, strengthen the collation and analysis of wrong questions
we should pay attention to the collection and collation of students' mistakes, and analyze the ideological roots of their mistakes. In my usual homework, I prepare a notebook to classify and record the errors in students' calculation, find out the common errors and find out the typical errors, so as to "suit the remedy to the case" in teaching, especially find out the typical errors with unclear calculation and wrong methods, organize students to analyze the root causes, find out the "cause", and then design a certain number of targeted exercises, Purposeful "living therapy". At the same time, each student is required to prepare a wrong problem book, and the students are required to "sort out the wrong problems", record the mistakes in their homework book, exercise book and test paper in the wrong problem book in time, find out the reasons for the mistakes, and correct and classify them in time
it's a long and hard process to cultivate students' computing ability. Let's all math teachers join hands and make unremitting efforts to improve students' computing ability
3. According to the mineral resources law, administrative measures and Interim Provisions, the transfer of mining rights should meet the following conditions: (1) the mining enterprise has been in mining proction for one year; After obtaining a mining license, a mining applicant may set up a new enterprise because of joint venture and cooperation with others in mining, which is not subject to the restriction of one year's mining operation 2) The ownership of mining right is not disputed 3) In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, the mining right use fee, mining right price, mineral resource compensation fee and resource tax have been paid 4) For other conditions stipulated by the Department of Geology and mineral resources under the State Council, a state-owned mining enterprise shall obtain the consent of the competent department of the mining enterprise before applying for the transfer of the mining right 5) In principle, the mining right shall not be transferred in part. If it is necessary to sell part of the mining right, an application for separation of the mining right must be submitted to the registration administration organ before the application for sale, and the registration proceres for the change of the mining right shall be gone through after approval
2. The transferee of mining right shall meet the requirements of mining right applicant stipulated in the measures for the administration of mineral resources mining registration Article 5, paragraph 1, item 2 of the measures for the administration of mineral resources mining registration stipulates that when an applicant for mining right applies for a mining right license, he shall submit to the registration administration a certificate of the qualifications of the applicant for mining right. The so-called qualification conditions of mining right applicants mainly refer to the ability of mining right applicants to independently bear civil liabilities and fulfill civil obligations, that is, they have the capital, technology and equipment conditions suitable for the mining mineral resources Article 19 of the Interim Provisions stipulates that the applicant for mining right shall be the investor or a legal person established by the investor, the applicant for mining right shall be an enterprise legal person, and a sole proprietorship enterprise shall be established in accordance with the law for indivial mining. Those who do not meet the above statutory requirements shall not be the transferees of mining rights
3. If the grantee is a foreign-invested mining enterprise, it shall go through the change registration proceres with the registration authority with the license issuing right of the foreign-invested mining enterprise
4. If the mining right holder transfers the mining right of the mineral land formed by the state funded exploration, the mining right holder shall entrust the evaluation institution to evaluate the mining right. The appraisal institution shall be recognized by the Department in charge of Geology and mineral resources under the State Council in conjunction with the Department in charge of state owned assets under the State Council, and the conclusion of the appraisal shall be confirmed by the Department in charge of Geology and mineral resources under the State Council
to clarify the conditions of the transfer of mining rights is helpful for us to grasp whether the content of the transfer contract of mining rights violates the provisions of laws and regulations, so as to correctly determine its effectiveness.
2. The transferee of mining right shall meet the requirements of mining right applicant stipulated in the measures for the administration of mineral resources mining registration Article 5, paragraph 1, item 2 of the measures for the administration of mineral resources mining registration stipulates that when an applicant for mining right applies for a mining right license, he shall submit to the registration administration a certificate of the qualifications of the applicant for mining right. The so-called qualification conditions of mining right applicants mainly refer to the ability of mining right applicants to independently bear civil liabilities and fulfill civil obligations, that is, they have the capital, technology and equipment conditions suitable for the mining mineral resources Article 19 of the Interim Provisions stipulates that the applicant for mining right shall be the investor or a legal person established by the investor, the applicant for mining right shall be an enterprise legal person, and a sole proprietorship enterprise shall be established in accordance with the law for indivial mining. Those who do not meet the above statutory requirements shall not be the transferees of mining rights
3. If the grantee is a foreign-invested mining enterprise, it shall go through the change registration proceres with the registration authority with the license issuing right of the foreign-invested mining enterprise
4. If the mining right holder transfers the mining right of the mineral land formed by the state funded exploration, the mining right holder shall entrust the evaluation institution to evaluate the mining right. The appraisal institution shall be recognized by the Department in charge of Geology and mineral resources under the State Council in conjunction with the Department in charge of state owned assets under the State Council, and the conclusion of the appraisal shall be confirmed by the Department in charge of Geology and mineral resources under the State Council
to clarify the conditions of the transfer of mining rights is helpful for us to grasp whether the content of the transfer contract of mining rights violates the provisions of laws and regulations, so as to correctly determine its effectiveness.
4. The first stage (Grade 1-3) 1. Combined with specific situations, experience the significance of four arithmetic operations of integers.
2. Be proficient in oral arithmetic of addition and subtraction within 20 and multiplication and division within the table, addition and subtraction within 100 and multiplication and division of one digit by two digits.
3. Be able to calculate addition and subtraction of three digits, multiplication of one digit by three digits and multiplication of two digits by two digits, 3-digit divided by 1-digit division.
4. Know the parentheses and be able to carry out simple mixed operation of four integers (two steps).
5. Be able to add and subtract fractions with the same denominator (denominator less than 10) and add and subtract fractions with one digit.
6. Be able to estimate in combination with specific situations,
7. Experience the process of communicating with others about their own algorithms.
8. Be able to solve simple problems in life by using numbers and number operations, and explain the practical significance of the results.
second stage (grade 4-6)
1. Be able to calculate the multiplication of three digits by two digits, and the division of three digits by two digits.
2, Be able to carry out simple integer four mixed operations (mainly in two steps, no more than three steps).
3. Explore and understand the operation law (commutative law and associative law of addition, commutative law and associative law of multiplication, and distributive law of multiplication to addition), and be able to use the operation law to carry out some simple operations.
4 The inverse relationship between multiplication and division.
5. Be able to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and mixed operation of decimal and fraction (excluding fraction).
6. Be able to solve simple practical problems of decimal, fraction and percentage.
7. In specific situation, understand the common quantity relationship: total price = unit price × Quantity, distance = speed × Time, and can solve simple practical problems.
8. Experience the process of communicating with others, and can express their own ideas.
9. In the process of solving problems, can choose the appropriate method to estimate.
10. With the help of calculator, can solve simple practical problems, and explore simple rules
2. Be proficient in oral arithmetic of addition and subtraction within 20 and multiplication and division within the table, addition and subtraction within 100 and multiplication and division of one digit by two digits.
3. Be able to calculate addition and subtraction of three digits, multiplication of one digit by three digits and multiplication of two digits by two digits, 3-digit divided by 1-digit division.
4. Know the parentheses and be able to carry out simple mixed operation of four integers (two steps).
5. Be able to add and subtract fractions with the same denominator (denominator less than 10) and add and subtract fractions with one digit.
6. Be able to estimate in combination with specific situations,
7. Experience the process of communicating with others about their own algorithms.
8. Be able to solve simple problems in life by using numbers and number operations, and explain the practical significance of the results.
second stage (grade 4-6)
1. Be able to calculate the multiplication of three digits by two digits, and the division of three digits by two digits.
2, Be able to carry out simple integer four mixed operations (mainly in two steps, no more than three steps).
3. Explore and understand the operation law (commutative law and associative law of addition, commutative law and associative law of multiplication, and distributive law of multiplication to addition), and be able to use the operation law to carry out some simple operations.
4 The inverse relationship between multiplication and division.
5. Be able to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and mixed operation of decimal and fraction (excluding fraction).
6. Be able to solve simple practical problems of decimal, fraction and percentage.
7. In specific situation, understand the common quantity relationship: total price = unit price × Quantity, distance = speed × Time, and can solve simple practical problems.
8. Experience the process of communicating with others, and can express their own ideas.
9. In the process of solving problems, can choose the appropriate method to estimate.
10. With the help of calculator, can solve simple practical problems, and explore simple rules
5. Experience the process of abstracting numbers from concrete situations, and recognize the numbers of more than ten thousand; Understand the meaning of fractions, decimals and percentages, understand the meaning of negative numbers, and master the necessary operation skills; Understand the significance of estimation; It can express simple quantity relation with equation and solve simple equation.
6. In our primary school, calculation teaching can be said to run through the whole process of mathematics teaching, which shows the importance of calculation teaching. But the accuracy of primary school students' calculation is often affected by students' interest, attitude, will, habits and other factors. When doing calculation problems, students generally have an attitude of not paying attention to it. Some calculation problems are caused by insufficient concentration, wrong ing, careless calculation and no checking. In order to effectively improve the calculation ability of primary school students, it is necessary to take a variety of measures and methods. This topic I mainly from the following aspects of training research, and achieved certain results. 1、 Attention to stimulate students' interest in active learning, improve students' computing ability, interest is the internal driving force of learning, is the basis of learning. From the heart, computing is really boring. We should cultivate students' interest in computing, arouse their enthusiasm in learning, and stimulate students' thirst for knowledge. As a teacher, we should try our best to attract students. 1. Carry out computing competition activities. For boring calculation, after learning to master the calculation method, we often deal with it casually, resulting in calculation errors. At this time, the proper development of some computing competition activities, often can better mobilize the students' learning initiative, improve the interest in computing, and achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of computing. For the correct calculation of students, the implementation of small red flag reward, a small red flag greatly improves the enthusiasm of students. 2. We should encourage students to have a pleasant learning experience. We should encourage students to make mistakes e to carelessness. First of all, we should affirm its strengths, enhance its self-confidence, and then put forward ardent hope to urge it to correct its shortcomings. 2、 Pay attention to the cultivation of students' good learning habits and improve their computing ability. Good computing habits directly affect the formation and improvement of students' computing ability. A large number of facts show that the lack of serious learning attitude and habits is one of the important reasons for students' errors in calculation. Therefore, teachers should be strict with students and develop a good habit of calculation. In this study, I mainly focus on the following habits: 1. The habit of careful examination. For practical problems, most students can also seriously examine the problems, but for calculation problems, some students can even write. In addition, the calculation is relatively monotonous and boring, which may cause psychological fatigue. When encountering similar or similar numbers and symbols, the operation order is often wrong, and the wrong symbols or numbers are copied. Therefore, in teaching, students should be trained to examine the topic carefully and see each number and operation symbol clearly. In teaching, there are three steps: first, we should examine numbers and symbols, and observe their characteristics and internal relations; Second, it is necessary to examine the order of operations and make clear what is calculated first and then; Third, we should examine the rationality and simplicity of the calculation method, and analyze the characteristics of the calculation and data. And then we start to solve the problem. 2. Cultivate the good habit of checking calculation. Some students think that checking calculation is optional, but it is not. Checking calculation can not only ensure the correctness of calculation, but also cultivate students' meticulous attitude towards learning. For example, the rationality of calculation results can be judged by estimation; In addition, the sum should be greater than each addend; In subtraction, the difference and subtraction should be less than the subtracted and so on. As teachers, we make up Doggerels with students: the number of titles and check immediately; Check repeatedly ring calculation; Check up and down when taking off; After the calculation, check it as a whole. Of course, the inspection should have a clear purpose and strict standards, so that every question must be checked and every step must be checked. Step by step, check the calculation in time, correct the mistakes in time, and ensure the correct calculation. Every teacher in our school pays attention to the habit of checking the calculation of students. Every calculation problem requires students to improve the way of oral calculation process to check the calculation, so as to improve the calculation ability of all students. 3. Develop a good habit of writing. In the research, I strictly pay attention to the writing of students' homework and exercises, and the format should be standardized. Students are required to use a ruler to draw lines. The number, decimal point and operation symbol in the title must be written in accordance with the standard and clear. Teachers should set an example for students. Such as: problem-solving teaching, examination in the front, analysis in the back; The writing on the blackboard is concise and focused; Use a ruler to write on the blackboard. 3、 Pay attention to the cultivation of students' oral calculation ability, lay a good foundation for calculation, and improve students' calculation ability Primary school mathematics curriculum standard points out: to cultivate students' calculation ability, we should pay attention to the basic training of oral calculation. Oral calculation is not only the basis of written calculation, estimation and simple calculation, but also an important part of calculation ability. Only when the ability of oral calculation is strong, can the speed of written calculation be accelerated and the accuracy of calculation be improved. Therefore, every student should lay a good foundation of oral arithmetic, strengthen the training of oral arithmetic and improve the ability of oral arithmetic. First of all, I teach students the basic method of oral arithmetic in teaching. Such as: using the composition of the number to calculate the addition and subtraction method within 10; Use the method of rounding ten to calculate the carry addition within 20; Do subtraction, want to add; It can be converted into tens plus or minus one digit; It is transformed into addition and subtraction within 20; Convert the two digit plus and minus tens into one digit minus one digit; First, the two digit addition and subtraction is converted into two digit addition and subtraction tens, and then into two digit addition and subtraction one digit; The multiplication formula is used to calculate the proct and quotient directly; According to the law of multiplication and distribution, the oral calculation is carried out; In the four mixed operations, teaching students some operational skills, and constantly improve the ability of oral arithmetic. Second, set goals and practice. It is required to arrange 3-5 minutes of oral arithmetic practice before each math class, so that it can be carried out for a long time, persevere, and get good results. Finally, there are many forms of transformation. Students such as: self calculation, find their own oral problems (calculation), mutual calculation, students work out each other's problems, repeated calculation, through repeated practice, oral calculation ability will naturally improve. Teachers, such as: visual arithmetic training, listening arithmetic training, oral arithmetic, oral arithmetic games, "confrontation", "relay race" and so on. It is helpful to stimulate students' interest in learning. 4、 In this study, I mainly focus on the cultivation of students' oral calculation ability, ignoring the cultivation of estimation awareness and estimation ability, which is the main work I will do in the future. Do a good job of estimation, improve students' ability of self-examination, improve the accuracy of students' calculation. Of course, students' computing ability can not be developed overnight. As a teacher, first of all, he should be able to use the calculation rules and laws freely, so that he can be handy and improve the effect. At the same time, the training should be carried out persistently. It is difficult to achieve results by fishing for three days and drying the net for two days. In the teaching of calculation, we should constantly think and explore. We should not just calculate for the sake of calculation, but combine it with the actual life and emotional attitude advocated by the new curriculum standard, so as to avoid the monotony and dryness of calculation. We believe that students' computing ability will continue to improve.
7. Compared with the old textbook, the amount of calculation practice in the new textbook has been greatly reced, and the difficulty has also been reced a lot. However, I feel that the students' computational ability has dropped a lot compared with the previous students, the computational ability is poor, the computational speed is slow, and the computational error rate is high! To this end, I think the following measures should be taken:
first, adhere to the practice of oral arithmetic, often unremitting
"in order to cultivate students' computational ability, we should pay attention to the basic training of oral arithmetic, insist on regular practice, and graally achieve proficiency." This is the requirement of mathematics curriculum standard. In my teaching, I organized teaching and training in a planned, step-by-step and purposeful way, such as listening to arithmetic, reading cards and oral arithmetic, reading questions and calculating silently, and repeatedly emphasized that the first is correct and then fast< Second, strengthen the basic knowledge and improve the ability of written calculation
in calculation teaching, oral calculation is the basis of written calculation, while written calculation is the key. Written calculation plays an extremely important role in primary school mathematics teaching. No matter how advanced the technology is in the future, the ability of written calculation is always a necessary ability for primary school students
1. To enable students to understand the basic knowledge of mathematics and master skills is the primary condition for the formation of computational ability
each calculation is based on the corresponding concepts, rules, properties, formulas and other basic knowledge. If students don't understand these basic knowledge correctly and master them thoroughly, they can't calculate. Only after students understand and master the relevant operation properties, laws and skills, can they apply these knowledge in specific calculation to seek simple and reasonable methods, improve the accuracy of calculation and speed up calculation
2. Strengthening practice and skill training is the key to the formation of students' computing ability
for example, in the calculation of four items of scores, some students often encounter the situation that the calculation method is correct but the calculation result is wrong. The reason for the error lies in the basic skills such as score rection, general score or mutualization; Another example is the division of decimals, especially when the divisor is a decimal. The mistake is that when the divisor becomes an integer, the divisor does not expand the same multiple at the same time, resulting in a wrong quotient. So we should strengthen the training of basic calculation skills in calculation practice
3. Memorize common data to improve calculation speed
in the four arithmetic operations, if students memorize some common data, it will not only help students to achieve the requirements of "correct and rapid", but also help them master the skills of calculation. For example: special data with sum and proct of whole hundred and thousand (for example: 75 + 25 = 100 + 25) × 4=100 125 × 8=1000 The proct of the approximate value of PI 3.14 with one digit and the proct with several common numbers 12, 15, 16, 25 and 36; The denominator is the decimal value of the simplest fraction of 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20 and 25, that is, the interaction of these fractions and decimals
the results of the above numbers, whether in daily work or in real life, are used very frequently. After mastering and remembering them, they can be transformed into abilities and proce high efficiency in calculation
Third, carry out computing competitions
after mastering the calculation method, students tend to deal with the boring calculation, resulting in more calculation errors. At this time, the proper development of some computing competition activities, often can better mobilize the students' learning initiative, improve the interest in computing, and achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of computing. This semester, I plan to carry out two calculation competitions in the class, in order to improve the students' interest in calculation and improve the accuracy of calculation. After the competition, pay attention to sort out the students' mistakes, analyze and classify them, and then make targeted remedies, so as to clear the obstacles for improving the students' computing ability
Fourth, encourage students to enhance the experience of happy learning
teachers should encourage students to make mistakes e to carelessness. In the usual homework correction, we should affirm its strengths, enhance self-confidence, put forward ardent hope, and urge it to correct its shortcomings.
first, adhere to the practice of oral arithmetic, often unremitting
"in order to cultivate students' computational ability, we should pay attention to the basic training of oral arithmetic, insist on regular practice, and graally achieve proficiency." This is the requirement of mathematics curriculum standard. In my teaching, I organized teaching and training in a planned, step-by-step and purposeful way, such as listening to arithmetic, reading cards and oral arithmetic, reading questions and calculating silently, and repeatedly emphasized that the first is correct and then fast< Second, strengthen the basic knowledge and improve the ability of written calculation
in calculation teaching, oral calculation is the basis of written calculation, while written calculation is the key. Written calculation plays an extremely important role in primary school mathematics teaching. No matter how advanced the technology is in the future, the ability of written calculation is always a necessary ability for primary school students
1. To enable students to understand the basic knowledge of mathematics and master skills is the primary condition for the formation of computational ability
each calculation is based on the corresponding concepts, rules, properties, formulas and other basic knowledge. If students don't understand these basic knowledge correctly and master them thoroughly, they can't calculate. Only after students understand and master the relevant operation properties, laws and skills, can they apply these knowledge in specific calculation to seek simple and reasonable methods, improve the accuracy of calculation and speed up calculation
2. Strengthening practice and skill training is the key to the formation of students' computing ability
for example, in the calculation of four items of scores, some students often encounter the situation that the calculation method is correct but the calculation result is wrong. The reason for the error lies in the basic skills such as score rection, general score or mutualization; Another example is the division of decimals, especially when the divisor is a decimal. The mistake is that when the divisor becomes an integer, the divisor does not expand the same multiple at the same time, resulting in a wrong quotient. So we should strengthen the training of basic calculation skills in calculation practice
3. Memorize common data to improve calculation speed
in the four arithmetic operations, if students memorize some common data, it will not only help students to achieve the requirements of "correct and rapid", but also help them master the skills of calculation. For example: special data with sum and proct of whole hundred and thousand (for example: 75 + 25 = 100 + 25) × 4=100 125 × 8=1000 The proct of the approximate value of PI 3.14 with one digit and the proct with several common numbers 12, 15, 16, 25 and 36; The denominator is the decimal value of the simplest fraction of 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20 and 25, that is, the interaction of these fractions and decimals
the results of the above numbers, whether in daily work or in real life, are used very frequently. After mastering and remembering them, they can be transformed into abilities and proce high efficiency in calculation
Third, carry out computing competitions
after mastering the calculation method, students tend to deal with the boring calculation, resulting in more calculation errors. At this time, the proper development of some computing competition activities, often can better mobilize the students' learning initiative, improve the interest in computing, and achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of computing. This semester, I plan to carry out two calculation competitions in the class, in order to improve the students' interest in calculation and improve the accuracy of calculation. After the competition, pay attention to sort out the students' mistakes, analyze and classify them, and then make targeted remedies, so as to clear the obstacles for improving the students' computing ability
Fourth, encourage students to enhance the experience of happy learning
teachers should encourage students to make mistakes e to carelessness. In the usual homework correction, we should affirm its strengths, enhance self-confidence, put forward ardent hope, and urge it to correct its shortcomings.
8. Computing ability is the foundation of children's learning, which is indeed very important. Now many courses are also reforming their own way of ecation. Abel of Abbey island has a very good thinking. Children are willing to learn, and the improvement is obvious. Parents are very satisfied, so many ecational institutions are willing to introce their courses.
9. Learning ability, analytical ability, abstract thinking ability
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