Point to point decentralized communication
Publish: 2021-04-13 21:03:55
1. Recently, the popularity of "blockchain" has been rising. Maybe everyone thinks that the craziness of bitcoin will fall into the blockchain. It's a bit like in the first year of VR, entrepreneurs flocked to it. To some extent, it may be related to the famous saying of that book: pigs can fly even standing on the air! But Xiaomi, the "pig", is a very fine proct
this paper mainly interprets an entrepreneur's transitional interpretation and amplification of the word "decentralization"
entrepreneurs or some people obsessed with Entrepreneurship often say that our procts are "decentralized" when they talk about procts in public
people are blind to things and the so-called unconsciousness, so what is "decentralization"? To understand "decentralization", we must first know what is "centralization"
1. The Internet is a new form of information transmission. Centralization is the centralized release of information, and participants often have no right to speak. The right to speak here is the right to speak at the level of guiding public opinion
2. Decentralization means that participants can have the right to speak, make voice and freely spread information
how is centralization formed
the lack of information resources leads to centralization. To some extent, the Internet user group is also the reason for the formation of centralization
how is decentralization formed
because the standardization of information resources leads to centralization, to a certain extent, the rise of Internet user groups has the conditions to build decentralization, and users' demand for information is expanding.
this paper mainly interprets an entrepreneur's transitional interpretation and amplification of the word "decentralization"
entrepreneurs or some people obsessed with Entrepreneurship often say that our procts are "decentralized" when they talk about procts in public
people are blind to things and the so-called unconsciousness, so what is "decentralization"? To understand "decentralization", we must first know what is "centralization"
1. The Internet is a new form of information transmission. Centralization is the centralized release of information, and participants often have no right to speak. The right to speak here is the right to speak at the level of guiding public opinion
2. Decentralization means that participants can have the right to speak, make voice and freely spread information
how is centralization formed
the lack of information resources leads to centralization. To some extent, the Internet user group is also the reason for the formation of centralization
how is decentralization formed
because the standardization of information resources leads to centralization, to a certain extent, the rise of Internet user groups has the conditions to build decentralization, and users' demand for information is expanding.
2. According to Hou Jietai: the so-called centralization refers to subtracting the mean value of a variable from its expected value. For sample data, each observation value of a variable is subtracted from the sample average value of the variable, and the transformed variable is centralized
for your question, subtract the mean from each measurement.
for your question, subtract the mean from each measurement.
3. Jinwowo analyzes the decentralized peer-to-peer network of blockchain. Blockchain system is a point-to-point network. All nodes in the network jointly own and maintain all data in the system, and the damage or offline of any node will not affect the operation of the whole system. Decentralization brings greater security and stability advantages to the whole network.
4. Decentralization is idealism. Although there is no decentralized P2P platform at present, with the development of blockchain technology, there is a high probability of decentralized peer-to-peer lending in the future
centralization has the advantage of centralization, which should not be too one-sided.
centralization has the advantage of centralization, which should not be too one-sided.
5. There are many kinds of peer-to-peer communication network, generally in the communication instry, we pay more attention to the media stream peer-to-peer communication. Control is still centralized. Such as the relationship between SIP protocol and RTP
if blockchain technology is decentralized, it means that there is no central server responsible for unified management
point to point encryption is mainly the exchange of secret keys. It's hard for this technology to be absolutely safe. In the future, peer-to-peer encryption will create a more private communication mode for us
finally, security is relative and costly. The more secure, the more complex.
if blockchain technology is decentralized, it means that there is no central server responsible for unified management
point to point encryption is mainly the exchange of secret keys. It's hard for this technology to be absolutely safe. In the future, peer-to-peer encryption will create a more private communication mode for us
finally, security is relative and costly. The more secure, the more complex.
6. < Table > < tbody > < tr > < td > < div > is a new way to obtain information. Everyone is not only the information receiver, but also the information provider. The user's computer is not only the client, but also the server. This is a completely "decentralized" file exchange architecture.
7. fourteen trillion and nine hundred and forty-nine billion four hundred and nineteen million seven hundred and forty-nine thousand four hundred and seventy-nine
8. Peer to peer (P2P), also known as peer-to-peer technology, is an Internet system without central server and relying on users to exchange information. Its function is to rece the number of nodes in the past network transmission and rece the risk of data loss. Different from the central network system with central server, each client of peer-to-peer network is not only a node, but also a server. Any node can not find other nodes directly, so it must rely on its user group for information exchange
point to point communication realizes the information exchange between any two users in the network. Point to point connection is a special communication link between two systems or processes. Imagine a line that connects two systems directly. The two systems monopolize this line for communication
With the outbreak of some network security incidents, such as prism gate and Facebook data leakage, peer-to-peer communication is graally needed by people. At present, the existing peer-to-peer communication applications share some communication protocols, such as tox and fishletter. The picture above is fishletter's peer-to-peer communication application< br />9. Blockchain itself is a tool called decentralization and distrust. For example, when you graate from University, the current practice is to have a certificate recognized and issued by an authoritative authority as a certificate
this setting is troublesome, because it is a piece of paper, which can be forged, and there will be various gaps. The issuing authority is also a person, and there will be various gaps in the middle. As long as it is related to people, there will be various possibilities related to which media
blockchain provides a good opportunity. As soon as you graate, you can generate a record on the blockchain. No one can change this record. This thing exists objectively. As a physical existence, and then as a data existence, blockchain will be generated
in this way, it is easy for anyone who wants to find out where he graated from
this is similar to the big data often used in social networking (WeChat) and payment platforms (Alipay, Yi Bao).
this setting is troublesome, because it is a piece of paper, which can be forged, and there will be various gaps. The issuing authority is also a person, and there will be various gaps in the middle. As long as it is related to people, there will be various possibilities related to which media
blockchain provides a good opportunity. As soon as you graate, you can generate a record on the blockchain. No one can change this record. This thing exists objectively. As a physical existence, and then as a data existence, blockchain will be generated
in this way, it is easy for anyone who wants to find out where he graated from
this is similar to the big data often used in social networking (WeChat) and payment platforms (Alipay, Yi Bao).
10. P2P is the abbreviation of peer-to-peer. In English, peer has the meanings of "peer", "colleague" and "partner". In this way, P2P can be understood as "partner to partner", or peer-to-peer networking. At present, people think that it has a bright future in enhancing people's communication, file exchange, distributed computing and so on
in short, P2P directly connects people and enables people to interact directly through the Internet. P2P makes communication on the network easier, more direct sharing and interaction, and truly eliminates middlemen. P2P means that people can directly connect to other users' computers and exchange files, instead of connecting to the server to browse and download as in the past. Another important feature of P2P is to change the Internet's current big website centered state, return to "decentralization", and return power to users. P2P seems to be very new, but just as B2C and B2B transplant common things in the real world to the Internet, P2P is not new. In real life, we communicate face to face or by telephone according to P2P mode every day
even from the perspective of network, P2P is not a new concept. P2P is the foundation of the overall Internet architecture. TCP / IP, the most basic protocol of Internet, has no concept of client and server. All devices are the equal end of communication. Ten years ago, all systems on the Internet had both server and client functions. Of course, the later developed software based on TCP / IP does adopt the client / Server Structure: browser and web server, mail client and mail server. However, for servers, they are still peer-to-peer networking. Take e-mail as an example, there is not a huge and unique e-mail server on the Internet to handle all e-mails, but peer-to-peer e-mail servers cooperate with each other to send e-mails to the corresponding servers. In addition, email between users is always a peer-to-peer communication channel. Of course, but in the past five years, the development of the Internet has at least distanced itself from P2P on the surface, and most of the nodes on the Internet can not communicate directly with other nodes. Napster awakens the peer-to-peer networking that is deeply behind the Internet. Napster's file sharing function is a common thing to share directory in LAN. But Napster's success has made people realize the possibility of extending this "peer-to-peer networking" to the whole Internet. Of course, in the eyes of many people, Napster is not pure P2P, it still needs a central coordination mechanism
in fact, many existing services on the network can be classified as P2P. Instant messaging systems such as ICQ, AOL Instant Messenger, Yahoo pager, MSN Messenger from Microsoft and OICQ in China are the most popular P2P applications. They allow users to communicate and exchange information and files with each other. The information exchange between users is not direct, it needs a server in the center to coordinate. However, these systems do not have such functions as search, which are very important for a large number of information sharing. The lack of this feature may be one of the reasons why instant messaging has appeared for a long time, but it has not been able to proce such an impact as Napster
another thing that can be classified as P2P is auction websites, such as eBay. When people summarize the mode of eBay, they use C2C. Is it a bit similar to P2P? EBay is a community that connects people and trades goods. Users can easily search for goods that other users sell. EBay offers some services to make the transaction go smoothly, but the transaction is directly between users. If the concept of "transaction" is extended, C2C is a special case of P2P, where people exchange goods with each other
but if we look into it carefully, Napster and instant messaging give users the ability to communicate directly and eBay allows users to trade directly. At the same time, they destroy the server-side idea of peer-to-peer networking, which has existed since the advent of the Internet, because they need a central server to coordinate, rather than distributed in different parts of the world Many servers in peer-to-peer networking. This is exactly what gnotella and Freenet constantly claim that they have created "pure" P2P, without P2P service of central server at all.
in short, P2P directly connects people and enables people to interact directly through the Internet. P2P makes communication on the network easier, more direct sharing and interaction, and truly eliminates middlemen. P2P means that people can directly connect to other users' computers and exchange files, instead of connecting to the server to browse and download as in the past. Another important feature of P2P is to change the Internet's current big website centered state, return to "decentralization", and return power to users. P2P seems to be very new, but just as B2C and B2B transplant common things in the real world to the Internet, P2P is not new. In real life, we communicate face to face or by telephone according to P2P mode every day
even from the perspective of network, P2P is not a new concept. P2P is the foundation of the overall Internet architecture. TCP / IP, the most basic protocol of Internet, has no concept of client and server. All devices are the equal end of communication. Ten years ago, all systems on the Internet had both server and client functions. Of course, the later developed software based on TCP / IP does adopt the client / Server Structure: browser and web server, mail client and mail server. However, for servers, they are still peer-to-peer networking. Take e-mail as an example, there is not a huge and unique e-mail server on the Internet to handle all e-mails, but peer-to-peer e-mail servers cooperate with each other to send e-mails to the corresponding servers. In addition, email between users is always a peer-to-peer communication channel. Of course, but in the past five years, the development of the Internet has at least distanced itself from P2P on the surface, and most of the nodes on the Internet can not communicate directly with other nodes. Napster awakens the peer-to-peer networking that is deeply behind the Internet. Napster's file sharing function is a common thing to share directory in LAN. But Napster's success has made people realize the possibility of extending this "peer-to-peer networking" to the whole Internet. Of course, in the eyes of many people, Napster is not pure P2P, it still needs a central coordination mechanism
in fact, many existing services on the network can be classified as P2P. Instant messaging systems such as ICQ, AOL Instant Messenger, Yahoo pager, MSN Messenger from Microsoft and OICQ in China are the most popular P2P applications. They allow users to communicate and exchange information and files with each other. The information exchange between users is not direct, it needs a server in the center to coordinate. However, these systems do not have such functions as search, which are very important for a large number of information sharing. The lack of this feature may be one of the reasons why instant messaging has appeared for a long time, but it has not been able to proce such an impact as Napster
another thing that can be classified as P2P is auction websites, such as eBay. When people summarize the mode of eBay, they use C2C. Is it a bit similar to P2P? EBay is a community that connects people and trades goods. Users can easily search for goods that other users sell. EBay offers some services to make the transaction go smoothly, but the transaction is directly between users. If the concept of "transaction" is extended, C2C is a special case of P2P, where people exchange goods with each other
but if we look into it carefully, Napster and instant messaging give users the ability to communicate directly and eBay allows users to trade directly. At the same time, they destroy the server-side idea of peer-to-peer networking, which has existed since the advent of the Internet, because they need a central server to coordinate, rather than distributed in different parts of the world Many servers in peer-to-peer networking. This is exactly what gnotella and Freenet constantly claim that they have created "pure" P2P, without P2P service of central server at all.
Hot content