W3C decentralization
1. W3C is the standard of Internet Organization, is a series of standards collectively
The most important thing is the standard of HTML 3. The dilemma for web developers is whether to support W3C or ie, because Microsoft's IE is not compatible with W3C in many places.
that is to say, if your website is developed according to W3C, there will be problems with IE display. If you develop according to ie, on the one hand, IE6, IE7 and IE8 are not compatible with each other, on the other hand, people using other browsers, such as Firefox, opera, etc, Chrome people
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the World Wide Web Alliance, founded in 1994, is the most authoritative and influential international neutral technical standards organization in the field of web technology. So far, W3C has published more than 200 far-reaching web technology standards and implementation guidelines, such as hypertext markup language (an application under the standard common markup language), extensible markup language (a subset of the standard common markup language), and information accessibility Guide (WCAG), which helps people with disabilities to effectively access Web content, It effectively promotes the mutual compatibility of web technology, and plays a basic and fundamental supporting role in the development and application of Internet technology
the corresponding standards are also divided into three aspects: the structured standard language mainly includes XHTML and XML, the performance standard language mainly includes CSS, and the behavior standard mainly includes object model (such as W3C DOM), ECMAScript, etc. Most of these standards are drafted and released by W3C, and some are developed by other standards organizations, such as ECMAScript standard of ECMA (European Computer Manufacturers Association)
Standardization refers to the unification of repetitive things and concepts in the social practice of economy, technology, science and management through the formulation, release and implementation of standards, so as to obtain the best order and social benefits
Company standardization is a process of formulating and implementing company standards and implementing relevant national, instrial and local standards for repetitive things and concepts within the scope of the company's proction and operation activities, aiming at obtaining the best proction and operation order and economic benefits of the company
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the characteristics of Standardization:
1. The standard has changed from mainly relying on exploration and imitation to consciously formulating
The scope of standardization activities was expanded3. The political and military factors in standardization activities increased
Standardization is not an organized activity There was no theoretical guidance for standardization The development of standardization was unbalanced Standardization is the result of summary8. The standard varies with different instries
Standard can be divided into frame standard and detailed standard The National Standardization Management Committee (STACO) of the international organization for Standardization (ISO) has been committed to the study of the concept of standardization, and has made unified provisions for the definition of "standard" in the form of "guide":standard is a document formulated and approved by a recognized organization. It provides rules, guidelines or special values for activities or results of activities for common and repeated use, so as to achieve the best order effect in the predetermined field
I also learned HTML in W3C school, and I always felt that there was something missing. Then I went to a training class and told my teacher that I wanted to learn how to use HTML to make good-looking EDM design. So the teacher asked me to imitate and learn from the EDM cases. Soon I got the certification of a web designer and sold it to the customer for $100, which soon earned back the training fee. Is this the earliest payment for knowledge, and is it still profitable
learning needs motivation, and it is worthless to stay at the theoretical level. The so-called practice is not an examination and certification, but a commercial project to see whether customers are willing to pay for you? There is a chance for you to do your own 3D visualization project. Let's know what 3D visualization is? It's a 3D rendering with basic data

no matter how many people dislike Microsoft, any objective commentator must admit a basic fact, that is, in terms of technology alone, windows is the top member of the current operating system family. Microsoft is able to cover up the storm in the software instry with the strength of Windows operating system. The market is merciless. No one would like to put the silver in his pocket in Microsoft's safe. The success of windows in the market for more than ten years, especially in making enemies on all sides, is a clear proof of its strength
this article will make some comments and comparisons on several main aspects of windows and Linux
security performance
security performance is often criticized and ridiculed by Linux supporters. In addition to the endless stream of computer viruses, the most important version of Windows XP since Windows 95 came out. However, several months later, it repeatedly found security vulnerabilities, and led the FBI to issue warnings to users, which undoubtedly deepened the view that windows is not as secure as Linux. However, objectively speaking, there are some grievances against windows in the following two aspects:
the disclosure of every vulnerability of windows will attract the extensive attention of the public and the media, and this phenomenon greatly increases the visibility of windows technology vulnerabilities. Moreover, as a system with open source code, the discovery and repair of Linux vulnerabilities are often regarded as a part of system development intentionally or unintentionally, such as Microsoft's discovery and repair of vulnerabilities by internal programmers ring the development of windows. Because in many people's eyes, Linux is always in the development state, and windows has a clear launch date (otherwise it can't make money), so windows is in a very disadvantageous position at this point
when people compare the technical vulnerabilities of windows and Linux, they are often actually comparing the windows and Linux kernels, which is unfair. In addition to the kernel, windows also includes user interface (UI) and a large number of application software. In fact, most of the windows technical vulnerabilities are not windows kernel vulnerabilities. In terms of security vulnerabilities, most of them belong to IIS and ie, corresponding to Apache and Netscape or Konqueror in Linux system. A more reasonable way is to compare windows with Linux distribution or the parts of Linux distribution that are parallel to windows functions
in spite of the above arguments and Microsoft's complaint that people are more interested in attacking windows than attacking Linux (because it is easier to become famous) which makes windows light up the red light of security frequently, I think Linux is better than windows in security performance at present. At least in terms of the number and harmfulness of viruses, Windows users are much more at risk. But the security of windows is not as bad as some articles render
when it comes to security, by the way, for countries other than the United States, because windows technology is completely monopolized by Microsoft, using Linux also has the advantage of national security. This is one of the reasons why the governments of China, France, South Korea and other countries have recently made decisions in favor of Linux when purchasing operating systems
stability
windows is often criticized for its stability. Here, we must first distinguish the 9x series of windows (including 95 / 98 / me) from the NT Series (including NT / 2000 / XP). There are order of magnitude differences in stability between them. The bad reputation of poor stability of windows comes from 9x series. Since Windows XP, Microsoft has terminated the development of this series. Secondly, we need to distinguish the stability of the application software from the stability of the operating system. If a software crash does not affect the operation of the operating system and other software, then the account should not be recorded in the stability of the operating system. If a software crash causes the collapse of the entire operating system (commonly known as "crash"), then the stability of the operating system will be questioned
as for which of the latest Windows XP and Linux is more stable, there is still a lack of sufficient data and comparability, because the software they run is very different. Although there are some test results on the Internet, the objectivity of these tests is often questionable, which I will describe in another article sometime. Generally speaking, because the software running on windows is usually more complex (such as games, large-scale commercial software, etc.), there is a greater chance to expose the defects of the operating system. From this point of view, the comparison of the apparent stability of Windows XP and Linux is not enough to show which is more stable when they run the same complex software. On the other hand, similar to the situation of system security, people often only refer to the stability of the kernel when talking about the stability of Linux, while the stability of windows covers many other parts including the user interface. This situation is understandable, because windows and its user interface cannot be separated. If the user interface is dead, it is equivalent to the death of the operating system for the user. But Linux is different. When the user interface is dead, you can often use the hotkey to exit and restart the user interface. These differences make stability a more difficult goal for windows. Software support
the support of software, especially large-scale commercial software and multimedia software (including games) has always been the strength of windows. It is difficult for MacOS or Linux to change the dominant position of windows in this field in the near future. The huge application software support of windows is an important reason why most users have to continue to use windows even if they are dissatisfied. Although Linux has a lot of software, and the development of some software (such as gimp, StarOffice, etc.) is based on the corresponding commercial software under windows as the competitive object, but in terms of function, these software still have a long way to go before they can really replace Windows software. Free and open source software is the soul of Linux, and it is also the reason why many people like Linux. However, the lack of sufficient support for high-quality commercial software has become a major obstacle for Linux to compete with windows in the desktop operating system market. In this regard, Linux faces a dilemma: an operating system must have enough users (especially corporate users) to attract commercial software developers. The reason is very simple. Only users can make profits. But on the other hand, if an operating system wants to attract enough users (especially company users), it must have enough high-quality software (including commercial software). This is a typical chicken or egg problem. From the development of the current situation, the most likely way to break the situation is that software companies are willing to do forward-looking development, so as to proce a benign promotion
here we need to make a supplementary note: for relatively small software support, Linux is not inferior. A fully installed Linux distribution not only has a far more complete variety of software than windows, but also has more than four or five kinds of commonly used types of software, such as email, FTP, IRC, browser, etc. (sometimes it makes beginners at a loss)
hardware support
five years ago, the installation of Linux was a daunting task for novices. One of the big reasons is the lack of hardware support for Linux. Three years ago, I installed RedHat 6.0 on my laptop and was forced to search for config files on the Internet. But in recent years, Linux has made great progress in this area. Today, the hardware support of major distributions is rapidly approaching or even exceeding the level of windows. Although the hardware manufacturers still provide more windows driver files than Linux, the Linux group with experts like cloud has been able to provide all the latest hardware driver files almost synchronously. Windows XP, on the other hand, has experienced a big setback in the universality of hardware support (Microsoft may call this an update). As a result, the lack of Linux hardware support has become history
although it is not stated clearly, the hardware mentioned above is all for x86 machines. Without this framework, Linux's hardware support is more extensive than any other operating system including windows
when it comes to hardware support, another aspect to consider is system configuration. Every generation of windows has put forward new requirements for system configuration, and the harsh system configuration requirements of Windows XP make almost all machines more than two or three years old have to undergo a considerable degree of hardware improvement before they can be installed. Although Linux is also graally improving the requirements of hardware configuration, e to its superior mole structure, users have great freedom to adjust the moles they need to install according to the configuration of their machine, so as to break through the requirements of hardware configuration
normalization
the normalization of the operating system has two meanings. One meaning refers to the degree of compliance of the operating system with various technical specifications of the software instry. In this respect, Linux basically follows all applicable specifications, which has something to do with the development mode of Linux. Except for the kernel, Linux has no central arbiter, so most developers develop the system according to the existing technical specifications. Windows has a mixed reputation in this respect. On the one hand, Microsoft itself is one of the software instry's many rules
as for the abilities and courses, I can't say. If you want to make a difference in software, like Dai Zhikang, then you have to have the efforts of ordinary programmers several times. If you want to develop in the network, some abilities are not learned by any courses. You have to stick to them and have perseverance and broad vision
I'm also a student now. I don't have any practical experience and I'm still groping. I can only talk with you
the following is an article I picked. It's good to read more about other people's experience
big dream of life, big career, big bet on success or failure The broadcast of "win in China" stirred up a lot of hot-blooded men, and the male gene naturally stirred up the blood of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship must have the courage to die, and the brave win. But entrepreneurship is no longer fearless recklessness of the fearless. Before gambling, we need to consider how much we can grasp? If a wise man thinks twice, he will lose once, but if he doesn't, he will lose once, and he will be strong and fierce
because the cost of starting a business on the Internet is the lowest, and with the shrinkage of traditional print media, the turning point of the explosive growth of Internet advertising has come, so many people put the starting point of starting a business on the Internet. Many people only see the myth of making wealth of many it upstarts on the Internet, but they don't see countless personal webmasters who are unable to continue because of the financial difficulties. Heaven on the left, stationmaster on the right
action is accomplished by thinking and destroyed by following. Before starting a business on the Internet, think about it for yourself: is it suitable to do it? Are the basic knowledge and capital reserves of Internet entrepreneurship ready
1. Is the direction of the project correct:
the direction of the project is very important. Has the instry you started been monopolized? Is there an oligarchy? Start a business in the starting point can not be wrong, otherwise the opposite, twice the result with half the effort. It is at least the current consensus that the Internet should be regional, instrial and overseas. Cai Wensheng echoed these views when he came to Chongqing, and later he published corresponding articles in DoNews. In the high-level communication with Tencent, they also foresee the regionalization of the Internet, so they are developing dayu.com in Chongqing. At present, the momentum is quite good. At the same time, Tencent is also developing regional websites in Xi'an and Cheng, so as to encircle the whole country by regions, from rural areas to cities. The fish of the laggard is from Zhejiang Province. His idea is that if merchants like Yiwu make lipstick or pin, as long as it is No.1 in China, there will be a relatively large market
therefore, the direction of entrepreneurship should at least avoid the oligopoly market, look for niche market, and look for the blue ocean of vertical instry between the gaps between giants
2. Cost of Entrepreneurship:
office rent, staff salary, server and bandwidth costs, program development costs, promotion costs. These costs add up to a lot of expenses. Internet's high risk, slow income, if there is no sufficient reserve funds, red flag difficult to carry too long<
3. Search engine optimization:
search engine optimization is not search engine cheating, the essence of SEO is to help search engines find reasonable information of your website and present it to users. Reasonable search engine optimization, will bring you continuous traffic, the optimization of Google and network, including the reasonable optimization of the whole station, people will not understand too much< Some knowledge about websites include:
A) collection of Dmoz:
b) W3C standard: at present, mainstream websites adopt W3C standard instead of simple graphic art, and there are not many artists who know W3C in China. The website adopts W3C standard and reasonable architecture, so as to make the best UI and ue of the website
C) networking resources: in the early stage of entrepreneurship, PR is low, traffic is low, and the exchange of basic friendship links becomes a problem, including website cooperation and traffic exchange, which all need the corresponding instry networking<
d) page pseudo static processing:
4. Reasonable use of website statistical tools:
there are many free website statistical tools, which need to monitor traffic sources every day. Every time we change the version, we have to count the changes of PV and IP. We can't just take it for granted and blindly change the version, thus losing huge traffic and customers. Reasonable use of website statistical tools to observe the growth of website traffic at any time
5. Accurate advertising marketing:
there is not enough fund in the initial stage of network marketing, so we must spend it in the most effective place. We must have a precise control over the promotion cost. As for the advertising value of various media, I just wrote an article a few days ago: Marketing King: Jianzhen advertising value, please have a look<
6. De entertainment of life:
decentralization of indivial and de entertainment of life. I work hard day and night, sacrificing countless rest and entertainment time and family time. Do I have this psychological preparation< Capital resources:
capital is not only the devil but also the angel. Without the intervention of abundant capital, it is difficult to become bigger and stronger in the later stage. But the capital also needs the human relations, is not you sends several e-mails to the VC, exchanges the business card in the meeting to be possible. And to have a certain network and a sense of trust, with VC in-depth discussion, constantly revise their own projects. Even if the discussion is good, it may not get investment. Even if you get the investment, dead Internet projects are everywhere. Just like Web2.0 in the previous two years, it has become the biggest pain of VC
8. Very good luck:
entrepreneurship needs hardship, persistence, right direction, and very good luck. There is no golden finger for success, but more luck. Like sun Deliang of sinochem.com, success is 80% luck, 10% effort and 10% talent“ When the wind comes, pigs will fly, "said Li Shanyou, former vice president of Sohu. Ding Lei was still chanting "life is like a grenade" in 1999. Ma Huateng wanted to sell Tencent for 2 million yuan in 2001. Sometimes his ambition didn't exist at the beginning of his business, so luck in life is very important.
