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Business examples of decentralization

Publish: 2021-04-16 14:19:14
1.

From the perspective of Internet development, decentralization is the form of social relationship and content generation formed in the process of Internet development, and is a new network content proction process relative to "centralization"
compared with the early Internet (WEB 1.0) era, today's Internet (Web 2.0) content is no longer proced by professional websites or specific groups of people, but is the result of the joint participation and equal power of all Internet users. Anyone can express their views or create original content on the Internet to proce information together
with the diversification of network service forms, the decentralized network model becomes more and more clear and possible. After the rise of Web2.0, the services provided by Wikipedia, Flickr, blogger and other network service providers are decentralized. Any participant can submit content, and Internet users can create or contribute content together
since then, with the emergence of more simple and easy-to-use decentralized network services, the characteristics of Web2.0 have become more and more obvious. For example, the birth of services more suitable for ordinary Internet users, such as twitter and Facebook, has made it easier and more diversified to proce or contribute content to the Internet, thus enhancing the enthusiasm of Internet users to participate in the contribution and recing the threshold of procing content. Eventually, every netizen becomes a tiny and independent information provider, making the Internet more flat and content proction more diversified
from the perspective of astronomy, decentralization refers to the fact that the universe has no center, that is, a boundless mass without a central point

2. From the perspective of Internet development, decentralization is the form of social relationship and content generation formed in the process of Internet development, and is a new network content proction process relative to "centralization"
compared with the early Internet (WEB 1.0) era, today's Internet (Web 2.0) content is no longer proced by professional websites or specific groups of people, but is the result of the joint participation and equal power of all Internet users. Anyone can express their views or create original content on the Internet to proce information together
with the diversification of network service forms, the decentralized network model becomes more and more clear and possible. After the rise of Web2.0, the services provided by Wikipedia, Flickr, blogger and other network service providers are decentralized. Any participant can submit content, and Internet users can create or contribute content together
since then, with the emergence of more simple and easy-to-use decentralized network services, the characteristics of Web2.0 have become more and more obvious. For example, the birth of services more suitable for ordinary Internet users, such as twitter and Facebook, has made it easier and more diversified to proce or contribute content to the Internet, thus enhancing the enthusiasm of Internet users to participate in the contribution and recing the threshold of procing content. Eventually, every netizen becomes a tiny and independent information provider, making the Internet more flat and content proction more diversified
from the perspective of astronomy, decentralization refers to the fact that the universe has no center, that is, a boundless mass without a central point.
3. Decentralization is a phenomenon or structure, which can only appear in a system with many users or nodes, and each user can connect and influence other nodes. Generally speaking, everyone is the center, and everyone can connect and influence other nodes. This flat, open-source and equal phenomenon or structure is called "decentralization"< Br > at the same time, "decentralization" is one of the typical features of blockchain, which uses distributed storage and computing power. The rights and obligations of the whole network nodes are the same, and the data in the system is jointly maintained by the whole network nodes, so that the blockchain no longer relies on the central processing node to realize the distributed storage, recording and updating of data. Each blockchain follows a unified rule, which is based on a cryptographic algorithm rather than a credit certificate, and the data update process needs to be approved by the user, so that the blockchain does not need the endorsement of intermediaries and trust institutions< The characteristics of br> de centralization:
centralization is first reflected in diversification. In the Internet world, there are no more than several portals has the final say. Various websites have begun to voice their own voice, express different choices and different hobbies, and these websites are distributed in every corner of the Internet world. Br > decentralisation is followed by the centralization of people, and decentralisation of content has become a trend, and people have become the key force to determine the survival of websites. It's a great change to build a website with indivials who lack interaction to gather talents and contribute their wisdom in the form of a circle. That is user-oriented, humanized< < br > decentralized content: < br > decentralization is the form of social relationship and content generation formed in the development of the Internet, which is a new network content proction process relative to "centralization"< Br > compared with the early Internet (Web1.0) era, today's Web (Web2.0) content is no longer proced by professional websites or specific groups of people, but is created by all Internet users with equal rights. Anyone can express their views or create original content on the Internet to proce information together< Br > with the diversification of network service forms, the decentralized network model is becoming clearer and more possible. After the rise of Web2.0, the services provided by Wikipedia, Flickr, blogger and other network service providers are decentralized. Any participant can submit content, and Internet users can create or contribute content together< After that, with the emergence of more simple and easy-to-use decentralized network services, the characteristics of Web2.0 became more and more obvious. For example, the birth of services more suitable for ordinary Internet users, such as twitter and Facebook, made it easier and more diversified to proce or contribute content to the Internet, thus enhancing the enthusiasm of Internet users to participate in the contribution and recing the threshold of procing content. Eventually, every netizen becomes a tiny and independent information provider, making the Internet more flat and content proction more diversified.
4. I don't think so!
5. Bitcoin, Leyte coin, dogcoin, Diandian coin, American card coin, bitstock, dark coin, black coin, Ruibo coin, Malaysian coin, Mediterranean coin, Yuanbao coin, Zhaocai coin, sand coin, network gold
6. Frankly speaking, with the rising operating costs and the extrusion of centralized platform, the life of traditional dealers is not easy. In particular, after Alibaba, Jingdong and other Internet enterprises have set foot in the field of FMCG circulation, the squeezed dealers have begun to seek a way out
however, the centralized platform mode pursued by the giant will constantly encroach on the participants in the platform, squeeze the living space of small and medium-sized businesses, and destroy the healthy development of the whole instry order. Fundamentally speaking, it is not suitable for dealers to enter, and it is not concive to building a harmonious and symbiotic ecosystem
"it's not appropriate or long-term to hand over our channels, lifeblood and resources to several giants." Instry professionals said, "all brands and retail enterprises should be clearly aware of: the proct or scene is yours, the user is yours, the operation and marketing are all done by you, and the data should also be yours. You are not going to settle in a certain platform, but to build your own garden."
at the same time, Ma Yufeng, the founder of cloud media, believes that the real value of decentralization lies in the construction of a shared and symbiotic intelligent closed-loop ecology, in which enterprises can play their own expertise and strengthen their main business. More importantly, this enabling form of sharing, symbiosis and win-win creation is concive to the intelligent upgrading of the whole instry at low cost, and is a great opportunity for dealers to seize.
7. It's a management case. Let's ask a few more questions.
example: the case we are analyzing today is "the rebellion of the mechanic". The background of this case is as follows:

Terrell manufacturing company is a small machining and manufacturing enterprise in the United States, which is trying to adapt to the new competition pattern by creating its own characteristics. The company has a long history, providing a wide range of procts, it proces a variety of parts, while providing customized procts. The company has survived the recession, and its business has begun to recover, but now it is in a dilemma:

e to the equipment, its equipment is suitable for procing a large number of stable traditional procts; However, e to the long preparation time of these six axis screw lathes, the company must carry out large-scale proction operations in order to achieve profitable order quantity. However, in this high-volume market, Terrel lacks distinctive parts. Many enterprises have ordinary screw lathe, and the maintenance level of some machines is much better. In a small volume market or a market with rapidly changing procts, Terrell is hardly competitive

in order to change this grim situation, President Mike believes that new technologies can be used to successfully enter new markets. He decided to re equip the factory with flexible manufacturing technology, install eight computerized machining centers, and replace all the original six axis screw lathes, so as to achieve economies of scale as well as economies of scope. The plan seemed to go well until some of the prestigious old mechanics refused to take part. At the same time, some of the company's managers do not agree with the drastic change

the change has caused fierce conflicts. What should we do about this

in the whole case, we can see three basic attitudes towards the reform:

the representative of the first category is mark: he can't allow screw lathe to continue to participate in proction. He stressed the need to break with the past. Either totally positive or totally negative

the second kind of representatives are Michael and Darrell. Considering the internal and external environment of the company, they think that the company should adopt new technologies to improve its overall competitiveness, but not "one size fits all"<

the third kind of representatives are sandy and malkan, who are the "spiritual leaders" of the company's employees. They refuse new technology, worry that change will affect their status, and thus vehemently oppose change. Moreover, material incentives can not change this position

this case shows the conflict of personnel, but it is actually the problem of organizational culture conflict in strategic change

now we analyze the causes of the conflict:

1. Employee competence: as the company has a history of nearly 100 years, the company has a group of experienced employees in screw lathe operation and parts design. But the overall computer level of the company's employees is low< Employees' Psychology: hourly workers pay attention to work security and worry about losing their jobs e to changes; What formal workers care most about is not the salary; Employees have a strong sense of identity with their current jobs and worry that they will not be able to adapt to the new jobs. Moreover, the older the employees are, the more experienced they are

3. There is an informal organizational culture; A high sense of loyalty, unity and cooperation, and Sandy is the representative and actual leader of this culture

the new proction change leads to the change of organizational culture, which makes the non real organizational culture can not continue to exist, resulting in the "machinist's Rebellion"< How to solve this problem? We have the following choices:

first, shock therapy:

break with the past, directly adopt the new proction mode, and sell all the original lathes:

advantages: fast transformation, fast mode transformation, and immediate effect.

disadvantages: employees don't understand the needs of change and can't adapt to it, Create more problems

opportunities: achieve goals in a short time

threats: employees' sense of identity disappears and loyalty decreases

Second, wisdom of giving up:

go back to the original proction mode, give full play to the advantages of employees mentioned above, and proce distinctive procts, so as to obtain greater profits

advantages: employees first, Can play a greater power

disadvantage: the investment that has been made will be lost, but also will lose good development opportunities

plan: change the proction mode, take the road of innovation with characteristics

threat: there is no successor, and those who do not adapt to change will be eliminated< Third, the golden mean:

before reform, public opinion comes first: change ideas first, and let employees realize that they need to change and must change<

turn passivity into initiative: hire sandy as a consultant, set up a group of consultants as a guidance organization, and participate in management

shelve disputes, step by step change: while introcing CNC machine tools, do not sell 17 screw lathes that can still maintain tolerance, as the main source of profit ring the running in period of CNC machine tools; Make reasonable working group arrangement, and then implement corresponding training, or introce corresponding talents, or outsource part of software design and writing work; Companies should develop their strengths and avoid their weaknesses; Make a detailed change plan, proceed step by step, appropriately increase the frequency of change, rece the scope of change, so as to rece the difficulty of change

start to change the organizational culture of the enterprise and help employees change their way of thinking e to the change of role

to sum up, we suggest to choose the third way of change!
8. Radio and mobile phone are not two commercial fields now!! 1. PHLIP didn't do razor before! Philips was founded in Eindhoven in the Netherlands in 1891. At the beginning, it proced carbon filament light bulbs. After continuous innovation and graally expanding its business scope, Philips became a multinational electronics giant. It ranked the eighth among the top 30 electronics enterprises in the world in the evaluation of Fortune magazine. It has operated more than 100 different businesses and procts, covering consumer electronics, audio-visual, small household appliances, lighting, electronic procts, electronic procts, electronic procts and so on A full range of procts and integrated services for communication, information, electronic components, semiconctors, instrial electronics and medical systems
since 1995, let & # 39 has been the global leader; The concept and action of "make things better" express the commitment to do everything better, so as to make Philips the first choice in the eyes of customers. Looking forward to the advent of the era of comprehensive digital electronic technology in the 21st century and the rapid changes of global economy and finance, Philips will integrate the global manufacturing system, support each other, so as to improve operational performance, invest mainly in the high-tech information instry, and design and proce more world's most cutting-edge technology procts, such as digital TV, digital laser disc player, Internet TV, etc Wide and thin plasma TVs, home multimedia procts, etc. lead the trend and enter every consumer's home to meet a better future in the 21st century. 2. Panasonic didn't proce computers before!! Matsushita Electric Appliance Instry Co., Ltd. was founded in 1918, and its founder is Mr. Matsushita, known as the "God of management". At the beginning of its establishment, it was a small workshop composed of three people. After several generations of efforts, it has become a world-famous international comprehensive electronic technology enterprise group
since its establishment, it has always taken "striving to improve social life and contribute to the development of world culture" as its social mission and corporate program. In order to achieve a richer social life and promote the development of society, Matsushita has actively carried out worldwide research and development and business activities from basic technology, commodity technology to new proction technology
Panasonic unifies the global brands into Panasonic, takes "Panasonic ideas for life" as the brand slogan, and takes the realization of "scattered network society" and "coexistence with the earth environment" as the ideal, so as to continue to make contributions to improving the cultural living standards of people all over the world
Panasonic's current business mainly includes: digital AV networking business; Energy conservation and environmental protection; Digital communication enterprise; System engineering design enterprise; Household appliances business; Housing facilities business; Air conditioning equipment business; Instrial automation equipment business and related business components, parts business; Network, software, etc. In these areas, Panasonic is engaged in proct research and development, design, manufacturing, sales and after-sales service
the cooperation between Panasonic and China began in 1978. The scale of Panasonic's business in China is expanding from technology introction, joint venture and sole proprietorship to R & D base. Up to now, Panasonic has invested in 60 joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises in China, including four research and development centers, with more than 60000 employees. Matsushita Electric has bases in many countries in the world, and is carrying out global business activities in line with the local people, culture and needs
Matsushita Electric across the region and society, currently in more than 40 countries to carry out business activities. The scope of its business activities is not limited to proction, but also carry out a variety of business including services and information systems and other solutions. In addition, we are carrying out proct manufacturing and customer-oriented business activities that meet the market demand in a timely manner all over the world. What's more, in order to meet the needs of customers in various countries, the regional unified management agencies previously located in Japan were moved to Beijing, Singapore, New Jersey, London and other places to carry out marketing activities directly in the local areas. As a real international enterprise, Panasonic has always carried out global activities based on customers and made contributions to the society. 3. Hyundai Motor company didn't proce special purpose vehicle before!! Hyundai Motor Company is the largest auto company in South Korea and one of the 20 largest auto companies in the world. Founded in 1967, founder Zheng Zhouyong. The company is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. Zheng Zhouyong, the current chairman of the board, has an annual output of 1 million cars. The main procts are Xiaoma, chaoxiaoma, slata minibuses and trucks. At present, Hyundai Motor Company has developed into Hyundai Group, and its business scope has expanded from automobile to construction, shipbuilding, machinery and other fields
Hyundai has one of the largest automobile proction bases in the world, including Yushan factory, Quanzhou automobile factory, Yashan factory, eight research centers, and the only automobile comprehensive test field with international level in South Korea. The main procts are accord, Sonata and other cars, as well as all kinds of medium and small buses, trucks, tractors, mp trucks and all kinds of special vehicles. The annual proction capacity of all types of cars is 1.45 million. It has nearly 4000 dealers in more than 190 countries and regions in the world. Today, Hyundai Motor Company can export more than 500000 cars every year. At the same time, automobile proction bases have been established in North America, Asia, Africa and Europe
the oblique letter H in the ellipse is the first letter of Hyundai's English name. The ellipse not only represents the steering wheel, but also can be regarded as the earth. The combination of the two means that modern cars are all over the world
9. So far, Haier and ideal have done a better job in the globalization of Chinese enterprises“ Haier's full participation in the Expo stems from the success of its steady global brand strategy. " Zhang Tieyan, director of Haier global brand operations, said that Haier entered the global market, successfully implemented its international brand strategy of "going out, going in, going up", and created the "Haier global model". The United States is the first stop of Haier's globalization. In the stage of going out, Haier, with the gap strategy of "difficult first and easy later", focuses on the gap procts that consumers have demand but competitors do not have the main focus, and creatively introces desk refrigerators, apartment wine cabinets, little frog color TV and other procts to win market share; In the going stage, Haier strives to integrate Haier brand into American life through the trinity of R & D, manufacturing and sales, and the localization of procts, channels, marketing and management. Haier's local mainstream procts have entered the mainstream channels including the top 10 Dalian lock channels in the United States, creating many wonderful marketing cases, such as 7000 air conditioners sold in one place within 7 hours; In the stage of going up, Haier has positioned itself as the first competitive provider of solutions for better living, creating a large number of high-end fashion procts such as Haier French refrigerator, Haier Italian three door refrigerator and American large capacity washing machine. At the same time, Haier's brand building has developed steadily. After that, Haier expanded its overseas market on a large scale and adopted the experience gained in the US pilot field. After 20 years of development, Haier has built a three-dimensional marketing system in the world, that is, the combination of R & D, manufacturing and marketing. So far, Haier has established 8 research centers overseas, 19 factories and 4 instrial parks, and its procts have entered more than 160 countries and regions. Haier has entered the mainstream market of developed countries in the world. After Haier has gained a certain popularity in the world, what Haier needs is to further enhance its popularity in the world. According to Lenovo's financial report for the second quarter ending September 30, 2010, in emerging markets, Lenovo's combined sales in the second quarter hit a new high of US $1.1 billion, accounting for 18% of the group's total global sales. During the quarter, Lenovo's PC sales soared 65% year-on-year, and the overall market sales in the region increased by 17%. It is worth noting that the growth of Lenovo Group in some emerging countries is particularly significant, including Russia's growth of 185%, Latin America's growth of 68%, India's growth of 60% and the Middle East's growth of 59%. In mature markets, Lenovo's combined sales reached $2.1 billion in the second quarter, accounting for 36% of the group's total global sales. The group's PC sales in the quarter increased by 40% year-on-year, significantly higher than the overall market sales growth of 3.4%. The group's market share in the region increased by 1.5% year-on-year, and successfully turned losses into profits. Chen Shaopeng said that the Chinese market contributed a lot to Lenovo's commendable achievements“ For Lenovo, the Chinese market is not only the root of Lenovo, the main source of income and profit, but also the experimental field of Lenovo's globalization strategy. We can the successful experience of the Chinese market to foreign countries. " In his view, Lenovo's transcripts in emerging and mature markets fully prove the correctness of its original decision: it has not only turned losses into profits in mature markets, but also won the battle in emerging markets. In terms of proct organization, the adjusted think proct group focuses on relationship business and high-end transactional SME market, idea proct group focuses on mainstream consumers in emerging and mature markets, as well as transactional SME business customers, which is concive to the localization of Lenovo in foreign markets, More targeted to focus on superior resources to serve target customers. It's like iron, but now it's over from the beginning. After five years, Lenovo's road to globalization, which was once groping forward, has become wider and wider. Looking forward to the mobile Internet market which is likely to surpass the traditional PC market, Chen Shaopeng said that Lenovo is ready to "expect Le phone, Lenovo tablet and other terminals to provide users with a perfect mobile Internet application experience".
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