Decentralization of industrial chain
what is centralization
the so-called centralization means "ownership" or ownership by the company. For example, Tencent's q-coin, which is issued by Tencent, is a kind of centralized electronic currency, including the total amount and the issuing method, is supervised and controlled by Tencent. You can use it, trade and go shopping, but you always have to operate in the framework of Tencent, and the final right of interpretation belongs to Tencent
the issuing mode of bitcoin is preset by the program and encryption algorithm, and runs on multiple nodes all over the world. No one or organization can modify it (everyone has his own account book, so it is impossible for one person to control everyone's account book at the same time. If there is such a technology, why should it be so complicated, If you want to blackmail money into your account, you will be the richest man in the world. There is no one left, And it is not controlled by any single person or organization
take an example: for example, Lao Zhang borrows 100 yuan from Lao Li, but Lao Li is afraid that he will default, so he asks the village head to do notarization and write down the account. This is called centralization. But if you don't find the village head, you can use the loudspeaker to shout in the village: "I Lao Li lent Lao Zhang 100 yuan! Please put it in the account book. "We all put this account in our own account book. This is called decentralization
anyone who transfers money between them will release information through loudspeakers. After receiving the information, everyone will record the transaction in their own account book. With distributed ledgers, it doesn't matter if Lao Zhang or Lao Li's ledgers are lost, because Lao Zhao, Lao Ma, Lao Wang and other families have ledgers
the main advantages of blockchain are that it does not need intermediary participation, the whole process is open and transparent, and the cost is low, and the data security is high
at present, blockchain is in a stage where everyone talks about blockchain, but can't perceive its actual technical charm. Since 2017, it has graally come into our sight, and we have graally realized that bitcoin is more fierce than real estate speculation (the price of mining machinery has skyrocketed! The news is on the screen But I still don't know
so, in which fields can blockchain be applied, what kind of changes will it bring to our future life
the core key: everyone has an account book, everyone has an account book, and the information recorded in each person's account book is consistent and synchronous, and the information is completely transparent. If it is fake, it will be the public enemy of the whole people, which greatly increases the cost of data fraud
core key 2: decentralization, which does not need a central system to manage data, prevents some people from changing data and damages the interests of the majority of people
Application:
1. Account security and privacy protection: currency transfer, exchange, payment system. Blockchain can help prevent data manipulation and fraud, prevent distributed denial of service attacks (DDoS), and effectively protect users' network privacy. Key words: anti counterfeiting, anti-counterfeiting, loan payment
2. Copyright regulation and interest disputes: for example, when a song is downloaded, from the author to the procer and then to the singer, they can get payment in real time through the blockchain, without having to wait for a long time like the traditional way, or even get no reward e to right disputes. Instead of waiting for publishers to provide royalty checks, creators can freely control the process from publishing to payment through blockchain application. Key words: real time receipt, no property dispute
3. Internet of things + artificial intelligence: the intelligent devices in the Internet of things based on the blockchain will be used to monitor the real-time situation of urban infrastructure such as bridges, roads, power grids, etc. the blockchain can connect these intelligent devices together for unified management to help them monitor more efficiently. This will help people better understand how to build a smart city in the future. Key words: unified monitoring, intelligent city
4: proof of existence: in life, once you are asked to prove that you are you, that your mother is your mother, that you have never been married, that the house belongs to you, and so on, things seem very simple. Once it falls on you, it is a great trouble. The application of blockchain technology can perfectly solve the above embarrassment. At that time, all the information that belongs to you will be recorded accurately and can not be tampered with. No one has the right to change it. When the technology develops to a certain stage, birth certificate and marriage certificate may be recorded on the blockchain. Keywords: no keywords
in addition to the application scenarios mentioned above, blockchain technology can also be applied to e-commerce, data storage, logistics and other fields. As long as we grasp the characteristics of blockchain technology, it will become easy to understand.
reference link: http://wuhan.pbc.gov.cn/wuhan/2929354/3393665/index.html
China's blockchain instry has developed for ten years. Basically, a relatively mature instrial chain has been formed. With the promotion of national policies and the increasing demand of downstream application fields, the market scale of China's blockchain instry is constantly developing, the regional concentration is high, and the instrial cluster effect is obvious. With the increasing maturity of blockchain technology, the blockchain instry is entering the 3.0 stage as a whole. It has a good performance in finance, logistics, right protection and other fields, and has made great contributions to promoting China's digital construction and accelerating the process of Digital China
panorama of blockchain instry: there are many application fields and good development prospects; Midstream blockchain application and technical services; Downstream blockchain application areas. The upstream hardware, technology and infrastructure mainly provide the necessary hardware, technology and infrastructure support for blockchain application. The hardware equipment includes mining machinery, ore pool, chip manufacturer, etc; General technologies include distributed storage, decentralized transaction, data service, distributed computing and other related technologies. The application and service of midstream blockchain includes the construction of basic platform and the provision of technical service support. The construction of basic platform is divided into general basic chain and vertical field basic chain; Technical service support includes technical support and service support. Similar to upstream technology, technical support is responsible for providing buyers with a series of technical support based on blockchain procts, such as blockchain security protection; Service support includes a series of services such as digital asset trading place, digital asset storage, media community, etc. The downstream application fields include the combination of application blockchain technology and existing instries, mainly including financial instry, logistics instry, right protection, medical health, instrial energy and many other fields. As an emerging technology, blockchain has many downstream application fields, with huge development potential
so far, based on various application participation modes, blockchain is mainly divided into public chain, alliance chain and private chain. Public chain is the earliest blockchain, and it is also the most widely recognized blockchain at present. It refers to the completely decentralized blockchain like bitcoin blockchain, which is not controlled by any organization. After the blockchain enters the era of 2.0, public chain, private chain and alliance chain all begin to enter the application scope of blockchain. In the era of 3.0, there are more applications of cross chain communication, multi chain integration and other technologies
the above data and analysis are from prospective instry research institute in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry
Bitcoin can be cashed and converted into the currency of most countries. Users can use bitcoin to buy some virtual items, such as clothes, hats and equipment in online games. As long as someone accepts it, they can also use bitcoin to buy real-life items
bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
1. Bitcoin (bitcoin) is a kind of network virtual currency, which can buy real-life goods. It is characterized by decentralization, anonymity, and can only be used in the digital world. It does not belong to any country or financial institution, and is not subject to geographical restrictions. It can be exchanged anywhere in the world. Therefore, it is used as a money laundering tool by some criminals
2. On January 7, 2014, Taobao announced that it would ban the sale of Internet virtual currencies such as bitcoin and lightcoin from January 14. On February 26, 2014, Democratic Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia issued an open letter to a number of regulatory authorities of the federal government of the United States, hoping that relevant institutions would pay attention to the status quo of bitcoin encouraging illegal activities and disrupting the financial order, and demanded that actions be taken as soon as possible to completely ban the electronic currency
3. On May 12, 2017, a global outbreak of bitcoin virus madly attacked public and commercial systems! Nearly 74 countries in the world have been seriously attacked
4. From August 1, 2017, global bitcoin trading platform will suspend recharge and withdrawal services. Bitcoin China digital asset trading platform will stop new user registration on September 14, and all trading businesses will be stopped on September 30
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's ideas, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
Unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, And the use of cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of money circulationthe decentralized feature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially control the value of bitcoin by mass manufacturing. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to 21 million
there are many apps and platforms developed by companies on the Internet, which are generally registered legally, but whether they are legal or not depends on whether they have illegal or criminal acts in the later stage. It is recommended to consult the local market supervision and Administration Bureau in detail
benefits for businesses:
1. Businesses are the same. They can get 100 times of consumption experience money when they register for the first time, and 100000 venture funds are given to 100 users. At this time, the system will automatically play a very big drainage role for businesses, allowing customers to enter the store automatically. This drainage can't be done by businesses themselves
2. It's even more important for businesses to lock the terminal, because consumers have no loyalty. You can't lock them where they are cheap. You can only lock her needs by using this system
In order to rece costs, enterprises are also consumers. They all have al identities. When purchasing goods, they can also use the system to obtain consumer equity and participate in the distribution of circulation profits. Suppose that they consume 100000 yuan of purchase money a year and get 20000 yuan of dividends, does the cost rece 20000 yuan4. Market dividend: if you use the shared payment code to collect money and lock 10000 users, you can lock up 1 million users at most). They spend 50 yuan per person every day, 1% of which is your service fee, that is 5000 yuan. If they spend 100 yuan per person every day, your service fee is 10000 yuan
extended data
solve problems
1. Change the disordered instry competition situation and break the barriers of vicious competition
To solve the trade contradiction between enterprises and consumers, and to establish a harmonious trading environment3. Help enterprises to go to the center for transformation and upgrading, and complete the profit sharing plan
4. Realize economic integration and let consumers obtain consumption equity and participate in dividends through consumption
5. Start the social welfare security plan, so that low-income people can have the ability to continue to consume
Electrical appliances cover a wide range, but we can't do without the use of electrical appliances in our daily life. We have to admit that electrical appliances provide us with all kinds of convenience. We can use all kinds of electrical appliances to achieve different purposes, so as to improve our actual life. In recent years, the sales volume of all kinds of electrical appliances is relatively good, Of course, there are many electrical brands on the market, so I would like to recommend the latest top ten electrical brands
Haier household appliances has been occupying a large market share in the market, especially white household appliances and small household appliances. At present, Haier has made great progress in smart home, network appliances, digitization, large-scale integrated circuits, new materials and other technologies. There are more solid deposits in patents and independent intellectual property rights; At the same time, also participated in the formulation of many national home appliance standards. It is undeniable that under the guidance of famous brand strategy established by Zhang Ruimin, Haier Group has been steadily moving forward, and has successively implemented famous brand strategy, diversified strategy and international strategy. With more than 20 years of hard work, Haier brand is not only famous in China, but also in the world
No.2 Gree (Gree)
more than 10 years ago, Gree, like most home appliance enterprises in China, was at the end of the global instrial chain, although it had large proction capacity, mainly assembly and OEM processing. The cruel facts told Gree people that OEM "odd jobs" or "hand-to-hand" price war could win a certain market share, but it was only a short-term behavior, An enterprise without core science and technology is not long-term and has no backbone. This can be seen from the slogan of Gree. From "good air conditioning, Gree made", to "master the core technology", to "make the sky bluer and the earth greener", and "technology changes life", it is a long and arous road of innovation to support Gree. The disruptive technology of innovation and breakthrough has not only achieved Gree's leading position in China and even in the global air conditioning instry, but also rewritten the 100 year history of the air conditioning instry
No.3 Midea Group is a comprehensive enterprise focusing on comprehensive proction, with more than ten brands such as cygnet, welling, Hualing, ande and Mei. Under the tide of the Internet, Midea, together with Xiaomi, will cooperate in smart home and its ecological chain and mobile Internet business. Fang Hongbo took the baton of he Hengjian and reformed the existing organizational structure - 789, with 7 platforms, 8 functions and 9 business divisions. The core idea of organizational transformation is decentralization, decentralization and bureaucracy
No.4 LETV (LETV)
LETV is based on the Internet. Jia Yueting proposed the LETV ecological mode of vertical integration of "platform + terminal + content + application" instry chain, launched super TV and box, purchased Huaer film and television and other strategies, which continuously promoted the progress of LETV, and smart phones also complemented the key link of terminal layout. Different from the traditional TV business, LETV ecology relies on the mode of content service, application sharing, and advertising sharing. It needs the Internet, users, and users to adapt and learn a new set of interaction methods. The advantage of LETV lies in the high-definition right video, which is the content pillar of super TV
No.5 Samsung (Samsung)
today's Samsung household appliances begin to optimize the proct portfolio and develop to high-end, with curved surface, ultra-thin, ultra-high definition and other high value-added procts successfully detonating a new round of growth boom, fully releasing new consumer demand. Who has a more accurate understanding of the living room scene and can effectively integrate the content and service resources, will seize the opportunity. Taking Samsung's new smart TV as an example, the modern and artistic appearance design comes naturally. It pays attention to the viewing experience, automatically adjusts the screen brightness according to the light intensity, records the viewing history for users, recommends users' favorite content, visits app applications, videos and music, and has excellent voice recognition system and gesture recognition function, With a "command" or "wave", the TV can switch channels according to the instructions, and provide instant intelligent service of "think what you see" to watch the new experience
No.6 Hisense Group (Hisense)
Hisense Group holds three famous Chinese trademarks of Hisense, Kelon and Rongsheng, and Hisense has also taken over sharp's TV business in North and South America, making its home appliance business more powerful and international. At the same time, Hisense has been committed to creating the best user experience and closing its procts to young people. Hisense wants to build an Internet TV operation platform. The official fan community "envelope club" has been set up, and fan communities such as fans circle, E-sports circle, developer alliance and intelligent geek circle have been graally established
No.7 Sony (Sony)
Sony can be called the "myth" of Japanese household appliances. In the 1980s and 1990s, Japanese household appliances were popular all over the world. As the driving force of Japan's rapid economic development, the home appliance instry has created a good reputation of "made in Japan" in the world market. However, after entering the 21st century, Japanese household appliance enterprises are graally overtaken by the rising stars such as South Korea and China in the fierce international competition, which is still an immortal legend of the household appliance instry
No.8 Skyworth Group (Skyworth)
in 2010, Skyworth officially entered the white power field. It took only two years for Skyworth to go offline from the first refrigerator to the one million refrigerator. Since 2013, Skyworth has launched washing machine procts, freezers and air purifiers, opening a multi category development road. SKYWORTH is also constantly improving its white power proct lineup. It has three refrigerator proct lines, including air cooling, uniform cooling and direct cooling, and two washing machine proct lines, including roller and wave wheel, as well as civil and commercial freezer proct lines
No.9 Philips (Philips)
Philips can be said to be inseparable from the brand of people's daily life, from color TV, lighting, electric razor and other procts. Since January 1, 2008, the company has streamlined its organizational structure and established three business divisions: health care, lighting and quality life. Philips is further positioned as a market-oriented and people-oriented company. Its business structure and development strategy fully reflect the needs of customers. Based on this business combination, Philips has built a brand in the field of "healthy, comfortable and quality life"
No.10 Siemens (Siemens)
as Siemens appliances entered the Chinese market earlier, and there are many categories, including refrigerators, washing machines, dryers, kitchen appliances, dishwashers, electric water heaters and small appliances. Because of its quality and function favored by consumers, the zero degree preservation function of its refrigerator is very practical. But in recent years, with the rise of Chinese household appliance brands, Siemens has graally faded out of the public's vision. But in the eyes of the people who stress the quality of life, Siemens is still the best choice. As long as Siemens Home Appliances maintain its innovative spirit and adhere to the quality, it can occupy a place in the market
different brands focus on different fields of electrical appliances, and there is a certain gap in price, performance, appearance and other aspects of the procts. Therefore, it is suggested that when purchasing electrical procts, you should know the unique advantages of different brands in advance, It's better to go to the physical store or the official website to learn about all aspects of the performance of the proct, and then choose to buy, so as to maximize the interests of consumers
the ITM instrial model defines the development and upgrading of the future instrial structure as CPS, that is, the consumer end, the intelligent proction end and the service end. In the future, the intermediate distributors, especially the large shopping malls and wholesalers that are more concentrated at present, will disappear. This is what we often hear as "decentralization" and "disintermediation". This is also in line with the made in China 2025 plan
it is suggested that you have a deep understanding of this ITM instry model in Shandong, especially for the clothing instry. The new situation, new occupation and new business form of offline stores are reflected in this model
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