LNG source calculation power
According to the name and critical quantity of hazardous chemicals, the critical quantity of LNG is 50t
Both of them are natural gas with the same main components, and the main differences are as follows:
1, existing state. When natural gas is cooled to - 162 ℃ under normal pressure, it changes from gaseous state to liquid state, which is called liquefied natural gas (LNG). Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a kind of natural gas which is pressurized and stored in a container in gaseous state
2, potential safety hazard. The main way of natural gas storage and transportation is compressed natural gas (CNG). Due to the high pressure of compressed natural gas, it has brought a lot of security risks, such as greater fire risk. In comparison, liquefied natural gas (LNG) has the advantages of higher ignition point - spontaneous combustion temperature is about 590 ℃, narrower explosion range (5% - 15%), lighter than air, easy diffusion and higher safety
3, volume energy density. The volume energy density of compressed natural gas (CNG) is about 26% of that of gasoline, while the volume energy density of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is about 72% of that of gasoline, which is more than twice of that of compressed natural gas (CNG)
4, environmental protection. Natural gas must be strictly pre purified before liquefaction, so the impurity content of LNG is far lower than that of CNG, which creates conditions for the emission of vehicle exhaust or used as fuel to meet more stringent standards
extended data:
when the content of natural gas in the air reaches a certain level, it will cause suffocation. Natural gas is not as toxic as carbon monoxide, it is essentially harmless to human body. However, if natural gas is in a high concentration state and the oxygen in the air is not enough to support life, it will still cause death. After all, natural gas cannot be used for human respiration. As a fuel, natural gas can also cause casualties e to explosion
although natural gas is lighter than air and easy to disperse, when natural gas accumulates in a certain proportion in a closed environment such as a house or tent, it will trigger a powerful explosion. The explosion could flatten the whole house and even damage nearby buildings. The lower limit of methane explosion in air is 5%, and the upper limit is 15%
the explosion of compressed natural gas to be used in the engine of natural gas vehicle, e to the nature of gas volatilization, is basically not available under spontaneous conditions, so it needs to use external force to maintain the concentration of natural gas between 5% and 15% to trigger the explosion
A ton of liquefied natural gas (LNG) converted to square meters, about 2.27 cubic meters
solution:
the liquid density of natural gas is 0.420-0.46t/m3, and the gaseous density is 0.68-0.75kg/m3
take the average liquid density as (0.42 + 0.46) / 2 = 0.44t/m3
1t / 0.44t/m3 ≈ 2.27m3
extended data:
basic parameters of LNG:
the main components of LNG are methane (more than 90%), ethane, hydrogen, hydrogen, hydrogen and hydrogen It is a cryogenic liquid containing nitrogen (0.5-1%) and a small amount of C3-C5 alkanes. LNG is another form of energy transformed from natural gas
(1) the main component of LNG is methane, the chemical name is CH4, and a small amount of ethane C2H6, propane C3H8, nitrogen N2 and other components (2) the critical temperature was - 82.3 ℃ (3) the boiling point was - 162 ℃ and the ignition point was 650 ℃ (4) the liquid density is 0.420-0.46t/m3, and the gas density is 0.68-0.75kg/m3 (5) gas calorific value is 38mj / m3, liquid calorific value is 50mj / kg (6) explosion range: the upper limit is 15%, and the lower limit is 5% (7) octane number ASTM: 130 (8) colorless, tasteless, non-toxic and non corrosive(9) the volume is about 1 / 625 of the same volume of gaseous natural gas
calculation formula: ρ= M / V
source: network liquefied natural gas
LNG unit conversion:
LNG density (430kg / M & # 179;) It is 625 times of methane in standard state, i.e. 1m & # 179; LNG can be gasified to 625 m and 179 M; Natural gas (1m-179; LNG = 0.45 tons of LNG, i.e. 1 ton of LNG = 2.2m & # 179; Therefore, 1 ton of LNG can be gasified to 1375m; Natural gas
LNG tank:
50m & # 179; Storage tank = 50m & # 179* 0.45t = 22.5t, storable: 22.5t * 1375m & # 179= 30938m³ Natural gas
40m³ Storage tank = 40m & # 179* 45 tons = 18 tons, which can be stored: 18 tons * 1375m and 179 tons= 24750m³ Natural gas
30m³ Storage tank = 30m & # 179* 0.45t = 13.5T, storable: 13.5T * 1375m & # 179= 18563m³ Natural gas
extended data
liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a kind of liquid formed when natural gas is cooled to about - 162 ℃ under atmospheric pressure. The volume of natural gas proced by oil / gas field is reced to 1 / 625 of the original volume after liquid removal, acid removal, drying, fractionation and low-temperature condensation, that is, the liquid is about 1 / 625 of the volume of natural gas normally burned
the weight of LNG is less than half of that of water, which is almost 45%. Liquefied natural gas is tasteless, colorless, non corrosive and non-toxic. After gasification, it can burn only when mixed with air at a concentration of 5% to 15%. Neither liquefied natural gas nor its vapor will explode in an open environment
LNG is the abbreviation of liquefied natural gas. The main component is methane. LNG is colorless, tasteless, non-toxic and non corrosive. Its volume is about 1 / 625 of the same volume of gaseous natural gas. The weight of LNG is only about 45% of the same volume of water. Its calorific value is 52mmbtu / T (1mmbtu = 2.52mmbtu) × 10^8cal
LNG (liquefied natural gas) is the abbreviation of liquefied natural gas. Natural gas is a kind of combustible gas proced naturally in the gas field, which is mainly composed of methane. LNG is condensed into liquid by cooling the gaseous natural gas to - 162 ℃ under normal pressure. The liquefied natural gas can greatly save the storage and transportation space, and has the characteristics of high calorific value and high performance
LNG is a clean and efficient energy. LNG trade is becoming a new hot spot in the global energy market because importing LNG can help energy consuming countries diversify energy supply and ensure energy security, while exporting LNG can help natural gas procing countries effectively develop natural gas resources, increase foreign exchange income and promote national economic development
main uses of natural gas in LNG project
natural gas is an important instrial raw material and fuel, and its main uses are as follows
1) main fuels of power plants, thermal energy, heating, air conditioning and other instrial enterprises
2) catering and civil fuel
The main raw materials of chemical instry can synthesize or refine a variety of instrial raw materials and semi-finished procts4) as a clean fuel for motor vehicles meeting the requirements of environmental protection, it is an ideal substitute for gasoline and diesel, which is a new technology developed rapidly at home and abroad in recent years, and can be used in automobiles, ships, trains and even airplanes
lcng liquefaction, compressed natural gas (generally refers to the filling station from liquefied natural gas to compressed natural gas)
LNG liquefied natural gas (liquid)
CNG vehicles are small cars or heavy trucks with short transportation distance, and LNG vehicles are mainly intercity buses and heavy trucks, The main difference between the two is that the standard gas volume of LNG stored in the same volume of gas cylinders is three times that of CNG, and the price of LNG cylinders is high, about 20000 yuan or 30000 yuan for 450 liters. The price of big cars is high, and the price of gas cylinders is very small relative to the price of cars, but it is not enough relative to small cars. Big cars consume a lot of gas per hundred kilometers, so it is easy to take back the handlebars. Therefore, CNG is suitable for small cars and those with short transportation distance, LNG is suitable for large vehicles with long distance
CNG is a kind of compressed natural gas. The gas source is easy to find. Any parent station can supply gas. Nowadays, most taxis and buses in various cities use compressed natural gas; LNG is liquefied natural gas, with less gas source. At present, there are not many downstream markets. Some heavy trucks and city buses use LNG, but taxis generally can't. If you want to build a gas station, you'd better build a CNG gas station first, and then add a LNG equipment when there is a downstream LNG market. Of course, you can also build a lcng station in one step, but the gas source of lcng station is LNG
1 The construction of natural gas filling station must be approved in accordance with the relevant national construction regulations and construction proceres. The preliminary construction application proceres of gas filling station mainly include: project approval, site selection and land acquisition of gas filling station construction land, planning and design (scheme), fire protection construction review, construction drawing design and construction permit approval of Construction Committee, etc., and the following approval documents or licenses are obtained: project approval (Municipal Planning Commission), gas permit (municipal gas Office), land permit (Municipal Bureau of land and resources), project approval (Municipal Planning Commission), gas permit (municipal gas Office), land permit (Municipal Bureau of land and resources) Planning red line and planning permit (Municipal Planning Bureau), fire design review opinion (Municipal Fire Bureau), construction drawing (Design Institute), construction permit (Municipal Construction Commission), etc. see attached table 1 for specific proceres and requirements
1.1 business of Planning Bureau: handle the proceres of site selection opinions, construction land planning license, construction project planning license, etc. for the regulations, see attached table 2
1.2 business of public security fire station: handle the review opinions on fire protection design of construction engineering and acceptance opinions on fire protection of construction engineering. See attached table 3 for the regulations
1.3 business of the Construction Committee: go through the construction contract filing and construction permit approval proceres. See attached table 4 for the proceres and requirements.
Calculation formula of LNG gasification:
1000 kg ÷ LNG gas density (kggm3) = LNG gasification rate
density refers to the gas density of LNG, divided by the liquid density of LNG is not correct. The gas density of LNG ranges from 0.52 to 0.8kg/m3
for the comparison of calorific value per unit volume, 1 standard cubic meter of natural gas is equivalent to 1.017 liters of diesel, 27.5 liters of fuel is consumed by diesel vehicles, and 30 standard cubic meters of natural gas is consumed by LNG vehicles
the relative density of natural gas (air is 1) is small, ranging from 0.58 to 0.68, which is easy to disperse and not easy to ignite; Gasoline vapor is heavy, liquid volatilization process, and not easy to lose, easy to fire and explosion
comparison between LNG vehicles and CNG vehicles, The following will compare LNG fuel vehicle and CNG fuel vehicle
1) economic comparison
because the price of LNG fuel vehicle is basically the same as that of CNG fuel vehicle, and the sales price of LNG and CNG is basically the same, the daily fuel cost of LNG fuel vehicle and CNG fuel vehicle is the same, but the overall weight of CNG fuel vehicle is 1.0 tons heavier than that of LNG fuel vehicle. Therefore, the comprehensive economy of LNG fuel vehicle is better than that of CNG fuel vehicle
2) comparison of driving range
LNG fuel vehicle adopts low-temperature liquid storage mode with high energy density, and its liquefaction ratio is 1:625. It is equipped with 375 liter vehicle LNG storage tank, with a storage capacity of about 234 standard cubic meters of natural gas, and can drive 780 km under full load. CNG fuel vehicles are equipped with eight 90 liter steel cylinders with storage pressure of 20.0 MPa
Low temperature, high gas-liquid expansion ratio, high energy efficiency and easy transportation and storage. The thermal mass of 1 standard cubic meter of natural gas is about 9300 kcal. 1 ton of LNG can proce 1440 standard cubic meters of natural gas and generate 8300 kwh
The sulfur content of clean energy LNG is very low. If 2.6 million tons / year LNG is used for power generation, compared with coal (lignite), it will rece about 450000 tons of SO2 (roughly equivalent to 2 times of the annual SO2 emission in Fujian), which will prevent the expansion of acid rain trend The emissions of NOx and CO2 from natural gas power generation are only 20% and 50% of those from coal-fired power plantsin the place of leakage or overflow, obvious white vapor cloud will be generated. The formation of vapor cloud is caused by the water vapor in the air being cooled by the spilled LNG. When LNG is transformed into gas, its density is 1.5kg/m. When the gas temperature rises to - 107 ℃, the gas density is the same as that of air. That is to say, when the temperature of LNG gasification is higher than - 107 ℃, the density of gas is lower than that of air, and it is easy to diffuse in air
extended data:
China is in the stage of instrial development, the energy structure is mainly coal, and the task of controlling greenhouse gas emissions is arous
Natural gas is a kind of clean energy. The greenhouse gas proced by natural gas combustion is only 1 / 2 of that of coal and 2 / 3 of that of oil, which causes far less pollution to the environment than that of oil and coal. Therefore, accelerating the development and rational use of natural gas can effectively improve the atmospheric environment and promote the realization of emission rection targets. Global climate change will increase the demand for natural gas and bring opportunities to the development of natural gas and LNG instryreference source: Network LNG
LNG refers to liquefied natural gas
liquefied natural gas (LNG), mainly composed of methane, is recognized as the cleanest fossil energy on earth. It is colorless, tasteless, non-toxic and non corrosive. Its volume is about 1 / 625 of the same volume of gaseous natural gas, and the mass of liquefied natural gas is only about 45% of the same volume of water
extended data:
Application of liquefied natural gas
1. Cold energy utilization of liquefied natural gas
in order to facilitate the storage and transportation of natural gas, it is necessary to liquefy it at - 162 ℃ and store it in special tanks by compression. According to the law of conservation of energy, the huge energy consumed in the process of compression and liquefaction will be released again in the gasification state of LNG. The energy proced in this process is called "cold energy"
Liquefied natural gas vehicles use natural gas instead of gasoline as power energy. Natural gas vehicles appeared in China as early as the 1970s. After decades of development, both in technology and promotion, they have achieved good resultssource of reference: Network - liquefied natural gas
source of reference: Official Website of liquefied natural gas