Decentralization of Nash equilibrium
When we talk about game, we must talk about Nash equilibrium“ The essence of "Nash equilibrium" is a kind of humiliation to the Chinese spirit of discovery, invention and creation
source: American information network; Game Bible writers' satire on Nash
Game Bible writers' classic sentences; 0, 1, 2-dimensional average is called equilibrium, and 0, 1, 2, 3-dimensional average is called equilibrium
there is a von Neumann minimax theorem in the system of 0, 1 and 2-dimensional records. There is no law of average in the system of 0, 1 and 2-dimensional records, that is, there is no equilibrium. The Nash equilibrium was depreciated, ridiculed and flatly denied by von Neumann at that time
When it comes to "Nash equilibrium", a reporter asked Nash to explain his theory in popular language. Nash said“‘ "Nash equilibrium" is not profound. It is like a three person poker game invented by Chinese people. "Nash equilibrium" is a simple three person game. There are so many people in China who have been playing poker for so many years. Nash equilibrium also reminds the Chinese people that for more than half a century, no one in China has found that there is a "balance dominance theory" in the poker game played by three people. People can't help asking; How many times has Nash played Chinese three person poker himself? Who did he play with? How did he find the equilibrium? How is equilibrium theory dominant unilaterally? Why didn't he. They are the classic sentences of biblical writers; In Nash equilibrium theory, scientists have not found any sign of game dominant strategy. In Nash's Philology, there is no concept of once 0, 1, 2, three-dimensional equilibrium. Where does Nash equilibrium come from
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium theory does not have any clear statement. Nash equilibrium is a fake proct of the United States, which has spread to all parts of the world and, of course, China“ The essence of "Nash equilibrium" is a kind of humiliation to the Chinese spirit of discovery, invention and creation
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Two dimensional equilibrium refers to the competitive behavior of organisms, and three-dimensional equilibrium refers to the advantages and disadvantages of nature
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Reveal the truth of Nash equilibrium If Nash equilibrium is a game theory term named after Nash; If I take out Nash's name and leave only the word equilibrium, equilibrium is a pure game theory term; If Nash is removed from all articles of game theory, only equilibrium is left; Read the game theory articles again, they are all about the word equilibrium; It is found that the logic of the whole article is illogical, the meaning of the words is variant, and the words are unintelligible; As long as it belongs to the theory of Nash equilibrium and the name of Nash is removed, Nash's ghost will appear; In the whole article, it's just like crazy talk, which can't be understood by ordinary people
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash - Nash, equilibrium - equilibrium
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ The reason why Nash equilibrium is ghostly is that Nash himself doesn't know what Nash equilibrium is, and his followers pretend to know Nash equilibrium“ Nash equilibrium "turns all the disciples into psychosis and ignorance; Anyone who talks about Nash equilibrium is like falling into a devil's pit. When he opens his mouth, he is asking and answering questions, talking to himself, being capricious, and feeling puzzled, he will justify himself. Nash himself doesn't know what the Nash equilibrium is. China's stupid players all know. They are the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is a riddle with unknown content, which seems to be incompatible with any comprehensible logic language. Game biblical writers playfully call "Nash equilibrium" as "totem of silly game"
the classic sentences of biblical writers; If Nash equilibrium is an academic heritage, it is the only farcical heritage in the academic field. His farcical level is enough for seven stars
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ Nash became a religion in China, following his disciples; There are ignorant youths, fearless fools and shameless professors. "
the classic sentences of biblical writers; When we talk about game, we must talk about Nash equilibrium
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Chinese people should wake up and ask themselves“ Where is Nash equilibrium theory? What did the Chinese learn from the Nash equilibrium? The mathematical symbol of Nash's demonstration of "Nash equilibrium" is to reorganize some meaningless symbols with some simple rules of the game. It is also a symbol game of Nash equilibrium on paper when it is forced to do nothing
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ The word "Nash equilibrium" is like the "holy word" of religion. Its disciples, like mental patients, seek reasons in Nash equilibrium, and all want to find reasonable reasons to explain "Nash equilibrium". As a result, Nash equilibrium becomes a game religion, Nash becomes a leader, and disciples' crazy words to explain Nash equilibrium are nonsense
the classic sentences of biblical writers; If Chinese professors plagiarize "Nash equilibrium" as the title, catch the wind and pass on false information in order to compile books, sell books and earn money, if readers want to be dominant and win money through "Nash equilibrium", they should first check whether Nash has said "win money" in the past 50 years, and whether he has won once? He was snubbed by Einstein because he didn't verify it in the casino Since Nash is a mathematician, he should give a mathematical formula or a mathematical template of the dominant strategy, so that all people can successfully imitate, that is to say, they can win. The effectiveness of science should be like making a phone call. As long as a phone number is given, anyone can make a call by pressing the key orderly. In the Nash equilibrium that has been hyped for more than half a century, it is ridiculous that no one can win the non cooperative game strategy or the game possession strategy
the classic sentences of biblical writers; The game function of scientists is to make them as stupid as genius. People wait until Nash is killed in a car accident and no game is won. History has proved that he has no so-called dominant strategy“ Nash equilibrium "what would it be? It's as weird and puzzling as a UFO“ The ghost of "Nash equilibrium" makes people fantasize, and the endless explanations are incredible
In 1958, Nash was rated as the most outstanding figure in the new generation of gifted mathematicians by Fortune magazine. He gave lectures and speeches everywhere, met with famous mathematicians from all over the world, and his career was booming
the classic sentences of biblical writers; The film "beautiful heart" uses the artistic form of conception and fabrication to make up Nash's dramatic life. "Nash equilibrium", like the "scripture" of western religion, has evolved into a religious legend. The coincidence that the Nobel Prize in economics hit Nash unexpectedly gave him a lucky life, a life of shyness, a life of unwillingness to see others, a life of academic deception, and a life of embarrassment
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is a concept of "the head of a donkey is not the mouth of a horse" half a century ago. The reason why Nash has been silent is that he can't say it. He dare not say it. He won't say it until he dies Source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrity - text - time: December 2, 2013, from the Game Bible writers' ridicule of Nash to Nash's death in a car accident on May 23, 2015, he did not respond for one and a half years
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Several stock companies, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics (because of game theory) and managed stocks, closed down because of the deficit
said Starr, member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and Nobel Prize Committee for economics; Nash equilibrium is a fantasy of winning games. He doesn't know how to balance, how to dominate unilaterally and how to win. Therefore, Nash will not explain to the world how to win the game ring his lifetime, so he has been silent. Starr also said; Now that we have brought the Nash equilibrium to the public, we can conclude that there will be a winning theory of game in the future. We are worried that the Nash equilibrium may be a total failure, and it will become a big scandal in a few years
source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrity - text - time: December 2, 2013
Game Bible author's taunt of Nash
what is the Nash equilibrium by mistake
game theory is a stagnant theory
Game Bible writers joke about game theory, when people are looking for a fried soybean, they are not as good as mice to choose the nearest distance
"the unknown blue archives of human beings" in the Game Bible gives the definition of game theory: "we call game theory that animals use nature's mobile addiction to form a three-dimensional balanced philology theory in the space expected by decision makers."
the biblical writer's theory; Game theory is a drug for young people, a stimulant for the ignorant and a ecstasy for the silent
the biblical writer of game has a wonderful exposition of game, religion and great man; Game is the religion between man and universe. The mission of game is to explore the lofty, solemn and incredible order in nature and the world of thinking. People's fear of the universe, entity, knowledge, unknown mystery, as well as the indivial, nature, experience, known has proced religion. People realize that there are some things that we can't have insight into. They feel that there is a kind of primitive form, the most profound reason, the most splendid magnificence, and the generated game emotion, which constitute the real religious emotion. Without religion, belief and emotion, there would be no great men of the times
game theory is the highest game level of Zhang Guanli Dai's satirical game theory
Some people ask game writers what is game theory He replied; Game theory is: one question, two answers and three ignorancethat is to say; Those who ask are ignorant, those who answer are ignorant, and those who listen are even more ignorant
some people ask, so far, so many game theory books, so many authors, what is their highest game level? The biblical writer laughed at it; At present, their highest level of game is to sell you a book and win you a book
game biblical writers talk about rookie and golden bird
if no player can act alone to increase revenue under certain circumstances, this strategy combination is called Nash equilibrium.
the classic example is prisoner's dilemma, The prisoner's dilemma is a non zero sum game. The main idea is: two suspects in a case are tried separately, and the police officer tells the two prisoners that if you confess and the other side doesn't, you will be released immediately, and the other side will be sentenced to 10 years; If they both confess, they will be sentenced to two years. If they do not confess, they will be sentenced to half a year. Therefore, they are in the dilemma of confessing or not confessing at the same time. But they can't communicate, so they both choose to confess according to their own interests. This situation is called Nash equilibrium, The indivial's rational interest choice is inconsistent with the whole's, That is to say, Nash proved the existence of equilibrium fixed point solution with Kakutani fixed point theorem, but he could not point out how to achieve the equilibrium fixed point solution with what construction algorithm. This kind of non structural discovery has limited effect on the game in real life. Even if we know the existence of equilibrium fixed point solution, we can't find it in many cases, [source request] in the mathematical sense, Nash did not surpass the fixed point theorem of Kakutani.
after the intervention of mainstream media such as Sylvia Nasar and Ron Howard in beautiful heart, Kakutani was completely ignored in these people's works, The more appropriate name of "Nash equilibrium" should be "Kakutani Nash game theoretical fixed point" or "Kakutani Nash equilibrium". There is no Kakutani Nash fixed point theorem, Nash's proof is of little academic significance. It is questionable that beautiful mind completely ignores the key contribution of Jingfu Koku.
secondly, Nash's non cooperative game theory model only breaks through a limitation of game theory. A bigger limitation is that game theory is often faced with a society composed of billions of nodes However, the research of von Neumann and Nash focuses on the small-scale game theory with two or three nodes (some people call it tiny scale toy case), It is impossible for all people in a huge society to be cooperative. Non cooperative situation is usually more common in the case of large objects, but it has less influence in the small-scale economy of two or three nodes, This is a defect that can not be ignored Yao Qi has made some progress in large-scale game theory based on complexity theory.
doctoral dissertation of a doctoral student in computer science at MIT (PDF) http://people.csail.mit.e/costis/thesis.pdf He won the 2008 AACA Dissertation Award, believing that economists' conjecture is wrong, It is almost impossible to find Nash equilibrium. Constantinos Daskalakis, who is currently an assistant professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, cooperates with Christos papadimitriou of UC Berkeley and Paul Goldberg of the University of Liverpool in the UK to prove that for some games, all computers in the world are limited, Nash equilibrium can not be calculated in the whole lifetime of the universe. Daskalakis believes that computers can't find it, and humans can't find it. Nash equilibrium belongs to NP problem. Daskalakis proves that it belongs to a subset of NP problem, not NP complete problem, However, in the same paper, Daskalakis also pointed out that in the case of anonymity of participants, Nash equilibrium can be approximated in polynomial time.
practical examples
the above examples may seem unnatural, but in reality, Both human society and nature can find examples similar to prisoner's dilemma, and divide the results into the same payment matrix. Economics, politics and sociology in Social Sciences, as well as animal action science and evolutionary biology in natural sciences can be analyzed by prisoner's dilemma
Nash equilibrium, also known as non cooperative game equilibrium, is an important term in game theory, named after John Nash. In the game process, no matter what the other party's strategic choice is, one party will choose a certain strategy, which is called the leading strategy. If the strategy combination of two players constitutes their own dominant strategy, the combination is defined as Nash equilibrium
when each player's balance strategy is to achieve the maximum expected return, a strategy combination is called Nash equilibrium, and all other players follow this strategy
extended data Nash equilibrium can be divided into two categories: pure strategic Nash equilibrium and mixed strategic Nash equilibrium to explain pure strategy Nash equilibrium and mixed strategy Nash equilibrium, we should first explain pure strategy and mixed strategy the so-called pure strategy is to provide a complete game definition for players. In particular, pure strategy determines the movement in any case, and strategy set is the pure strategy set that players can execute mixed strategy is a strategy formed by assigning a probability to each pure strategy. Mixed strategy allows players to randomly choose pure strategy. In the equilibrium of mixed strategy game, because each strategy is random, when a certain probability is reached, the optimal payment can be obtained. Because the probability is continuous, even if the policy set is finite, there will be infinite mixed strategies of course, strictly speaking, every pure strategy is a "degenerate" mixed strategy, the probability of one specific pure strategy is 1, and the other is 0 therefore, "pure strategy Nash equilibrium" means that all participants play pure strategy, while the corresponding "mixed strategy Nash equilibrium" means that at least one participant plays mixed strategy. Not every game has pure strategic Nash equilibrium. For example, the "coin problem" has only mixed strategic Nash equilibrium, not pure strategic Nash equilibrium
reference sources; Network Nash balance
the classic sentences of biblical writers; When we talk about game, we must talk about Nash equilibrium
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ The essence of "Nash equilibrium" is a kind of humiliation to the Chinese spirit of discovery, invention and creation
source: American information network; Game biblical writers' satire on Nash
game biblical writers' classic sentences; 0, 1, 2-dimensional average is called equilibrium, and 0, 1, 2, 3-dimensional average is called equilibrium
there is a von Neumann minimax theorem in the system of 0, 1 and 2-dimensional records. There is no law of average in the system of 0, 1 and 2-dimensional records, that is, there is no equilibrium. The Nash equilibrium was depreciated, ridiculed and flatly denied by von Neumann at that time
when it comes to "Nash equilibrium", a reporter asked Nash to explain his theory in popular language. Nash said“‘ "Nash equilibrium" is not profound. It is like a three person poker game invented by Chinese people. "Nash equilibrium" is a simple three person game. There are so many people in China who have been playing poker for so many years. Nash equilibrium also reminds the Chinese people that for more than half a century, no one in China has discovered that there is a "balance dominance theory" in the poker game played by three people. People can't help asking; How many times has Nash played three person poker himself? Who did he play with? How did he find the equilibrium? How is equilibrium theory dominant unilaterally? Why didn't he. They are the classic sentences of biblical writers; In Nash equilibrium theory, scientists have not found any sign of game dominant strategy. In Nash's Philology, there is no concept of once 0, 1, 2, three-dimensional equilibrium. Where does Nash equilibrium come from
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium theory does not have any clear statement. Nash equilibrium is a fake proct of the United States, which has spread to all parts of the world and, of course, China“ The essence of "Nash equilibrium" is a kind of humiliation to the Chinese spirit of discovery, invention and creation
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Two dimensional equilibrium refers to the competitive behavior of organisms, and three-dimensional equilibrium refers to the advantages and disadvantages of nature
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Reveal the truth of Nash equilibrium If Nash equilibrium is a game theory term named after Nash; If I take out Nash's name and leave only the word equilibrium, equilibrium is a pure game theory term; If Nash is removed from all articles of game theory, only equilibrium is left; Read the game theory articles again, they are all about the word equilibrium; It is found that the logic of the whole article is illogical, the meaning of the words is variant, and the words are unintelligible; As long as it belongs to the theory of Nash equilibrium and the name of Nash is removed, Nash's ghost will appear; In the whole article, it's just like crazy talk, which can't be understood by ordinary people
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash - Nash, equilibrium - equilibrium
Classic verses of biblical writers“ The reason why Nash equilibrium is ghostly is that Nash himself doesn't know what Nash equilibrium is, and his followers pretend to know Nash equilibrium“ Nash equilibrium "turns all the disciples into psychosis and ignorance; Anyone who talks about Nash equilibrium is like falling into a devil's pit. When he opens his mouth, he is asking and answering questions, talking to himself, being capricious, and feeling puzzled, he will justify himself. They are the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is a riddle with unknown content, which seems to be incompatible with any comprehensible logic language. Game biblical writers playfully call "Nash equilibrium" as "totem of silly game"
the classic sentences of biblical writers; If Nash equilibrium is an academic heritage, it is the only farcical heritage in the academic field. His farcical level is enough for seven stars. Nash himself doesn't know what the Nash equilibrium is. China's stupid players all know
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ Nash became a religion in China, following his disciples; There are ignorant youths, fearless fools and shameless professors. "
the classic sentences of biblical writers; When China talks about game, it must talk about Nash equilibrium
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Chinese people should wake up and ask themselves; Since Nash equilibrium is a three person poker game invented by Chinese people, what are its game rules? What is game theory? What did the Chinese learn from the poker game played by three people, that is, "Nash equilibrium"? Nash's demonstration of the mathematical symbol of "Nash equilibrium" is a meaningless reorganization with simple rules of the game. It can also be said that Nash's academic deception when he is forced to do nothing, and his symbol game on paper
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ The word "Nash equilibrium" is like the "holy word" of religion. Its disciples, like mental patients, seek reasons in Nash equilibrium, and all want to find reasonable reasons to explain "Nash equilibrium". As a result, Nash equilibrium becomes a game religion, Nash becomes a leader, and disciples' crazy words to explain Nash equilibrium are nonsense
the classic sentences of biblical writers; If Chinese professors plagiarize "Nash equilibrium" as the title, catch the wind and pass on false information in order to compile books, sell books and earn money, if readers want to be dominant and win money through "Nash equilibrium", they should first check whether Nash has said "win money" in the past 50 years, and whether he has won once? He was snubbed by Einstein because he didn't verify it in the casino Since Nash is a mathematician, he should give a mathematical formula or a mathematical template to quantify the dominant strategy, so that all people can successfully imitate it. In other words, no matter he is a fool or a genius, he will win the same
the effectiveness of science should be like making a phone call. As long as you give a phone number, whether you are a fool or a genius pressing the button in an orderly way, you will get through the same way
the classic sentences of biblical writers; The game function of scientists is to make them as stupid as genius. People wait until Nash is killed in a car accident and no game is won. History has proved that he has no so-called dominant strategy“ Nash equilibrium "what would it be? It's as weird and puzzling as a UFO“ The ghost of "Nash equilibrium" makes people fantasize, and the endless explanations are incredible<
the American academic media hyped wildly and described Nash as a genius, boasting of Nash equilibrium, non cooperative game strategy and game possession strategy for more than half a century. After more than half a century of searching and verification, no one in the world has found a winning strategy, Nash equilibrium of Nash genius, absurd theoretical attribute, and so on Determined that it is the characteristic of academic scandals, "Nash equilibrium" will become a big laughing stock in the world
in 1958, Nash was rated as the most outstanding figure in the new generation of talented mathematicians by Fortune magazine's hype, and Nash quickly won the honor. He gave lectures and speeches everywhere, met with famous mathematicians from all over the world, and his career was booming
the classic sentences of biblical writers; The film "beautiful heart" uses the artistic form of conception and fabrication to make up Nash's dramatic life. "Nash equilibrium", like the "scripture" of western religion, has evolved into a religious legend. The coincidence that the Nobel Prize in economics hit Nash unexpectedly gave him a lucky life, a life of shyness, a life of unwillingness to see others, a life of academic deception, and a life of embarrassment
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is a concept of "the head of a donkey is not the mouth of a horse" half a century ago. The reason why Nash has been silent is that he can't say it. He dare not say it. He won't say it until he dies Source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrity - text - time: December 2, 2013, from the Game Bible writers' ridicule of Nash to Nash's death in a car accident on May 23, 2015, he did not respond for one and a half years
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Several stock companies, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics (because of game theory) and managed stocks, closed down because of the deficit
said Starr, member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and Nobel Prize Committee for economics; Nash equilibrium is a fantasy of winning games. He doesn't know how to balance, how to dominate unilaterally and how to win. Therefore, Nash will not explain to the world how to win the game ring his lifetime, so he has been silent. Starr also said; Now that we have brought the Nash equilibrium to the public, we can conclude that there will be a winning theory of game in the future. We are worried that the Nash equilibrium may be a total failure, and it will become a big scandal in a few years
source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrity - text - time: December 2, 2013
game biblical writers' taunt of Nash
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what is the Nash equilibrium? Game theory is a stagnant theory.
game biblical writers joke about game theory. When people are looking for a fragrant soybean, they are not as good as mice to choose the shortest distance
"the unknown blue archives of human beings" in the Game Bible gives the definition of game theory: "we call game theory that animals use the addictive spirit of nature to move and form a three-dimensional balanced philology theory in the space expected by decision makers."<
biblical writers' theory of game; Game theory is a drug for young people, a stimulant for the ignorant and a ecstasy for the silent<
the biblical writers of game have a wonderful exposition of game, religion and great man
the biblical writers of game say; Game is the religion between man and universe. The mission of game is to explore the lofty, solemn and incredible order in nature and the world of thinking. People's fear of the universe, entity, knowledge, unknown mystery, as well as the indivial, nature, experience, known has proced religion. People realize that there are some things that we can't have insight into. They feel that there is a kind of primitive form, the most profound reason, the most splendid magnificence, and the generated game emotion, which constitute the real religious emotion. Without religion, belief and emotion, there would be no great men of the times
game theory is
the dominant equilibrium is the optimal strategy for the participants no matter what the other party does
Nash equilibrium is the best strategy or behavior that each participant can do when given a group of behaviors that satisfy a given opponent. A typical example is the prisoner's dilemma. Suppose there are two thieves a and B who commit a joint crime and are caught by the police. Irrefutable evidence was given to the two people in two different rooms. The policy for each suspect is that if a suspect confesses the crime and gives up the stolen property, the evidence is conclusive and two people are convicted. If another suspect has made a confession, the two men will be sentenced to 8 years each. If another suspect denies instead of confessing, he will be sentenced to another 2 years for the crime of obstructing public service (because there is evidence to prove his guilt), and the confessor will be released immediately after 8 years of commutation. If they both deny it, the police can not sentence them for theft e to insufficient evidence, but they can each be sentenced to one year's imprisonment for the crime of entering a private house. Table 2.2 shows the payoff matrix for this game
Table 2.2 prisoner's dilemma game
a ╲ B confess and deny
confess-8, - 80, - 10
deny-10, 0-1, - 1
for the case, it is obvious that the best strategy is to deny both sides, and the result is that everyone is only sentenced to one year. However, e to the isolation of the two people, first of all, from the perspective of psychology, both parties will suspect that the other party will sell themselves in order to protect themselves. Second, Adam Smith's theory assumes that everyone is a "rational economic man" and will choose from the purpose of self-interest. These two people will have such a calculation process: if he confesses, I deny that he will have to go to prison for 10 years, and it will only be 8 years at most; If he denies, I can be released, and he will be in prison for 10 years. Considering the above situations, whether he is frank or not, it is a good deal for me to be frank. Two people will use such a brain, in the end, two people chose to confess, the result was sentenced to eight years in prison. Based on the premise assumption of rational agent in economics, the two prisoners' choice in line with their own interests is to confess, and the strategy that was originally beneficial to both sides would not appear if they were not confessed, so they would not be released. In this way, both of them chose the strategy of confession and were sentenced to eight years. The Nash equilibrium first challenged Adam Smith's "invisible hand" principle: according to Smith's theory, in the market economy, everyone starts from the purpose of self-interest, and ultimately the whole society achieves the effect of altruism. But we can lead to a paradox of the principle of "invisible hand" from the "Nash equilibrium": starting from the purpose of self-interest, the result is not self-interest to others, neither self-interest nor disadvantage to others
the simplest difference between the two is:
dominant equilibrium: what I do is the best I can do no matter what you do
what you do is the best you can do no matter what I do
Nash equilibrium: what I do is the best I can do given what you do
what you do is the best I can do given what I do
dominant equilibrium is a special case of Nash equilibrium.
source: American information network; Game biblical writers' satire on Nash
game biblical writers' classic sentences; 0, 1, 2-dimensional average is called equilibrium, and 0, 1, 2, 3-dimensional average is called equilibrium
there is a von Neumann minimax theorem in the system of 0, 1 and 2-dimensional records. There is no law of average in the system of 0, 1 and 2-dimensional records, that is, there is no equilibrium. The Nash equilibrium was depreciated, ridiculed and flatly denied by von Neumann at that time
when it comes to "Nash equilibrium", a reporter asked Nash to explain his theory in popular language. Nash said“‘ "Nash equilibrium" is not profound. It is like a three person poker game invented by Chinese people. "Nash equilibrium" is a simple three person game. There are so many people in China who have been playing poker for so many years. Nash equilibrium also reminds the Chinese people that for more than half a century, no one in China has discovered that there is a "balance dominance theory" in the poker game played by three people. People can't help asking; How many times has Nash played three person poker himself? Who did he play with? How did he find the equilibrium? How is equilibrium theory dominant unilaterally? Why didn't he. They are the classic sentences of biblical writers; In Nash equilibrium theory, scientists have not found any sign of game dominant strategy. In Nash's Philology, there is no concept of once 0, 1, 2, three-dimensional equilibrium. Where does Nash equilibrium come from
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium theory does not have any clear statement. Nash equilibrium is a fake proct of the United States, which has spread to all parts of the world and, of course, China“ The essence of "Nash equilibrium" is a kind of humiliation to the Chinese spirit of discovery, invention and creation
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Two dimensional equilibrium refers to the competitive behavior of organisms, and three-dimensional equilibrium refers to the advantages and disadvantages of nature
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Reveal the truth of Nash equilibrium If Nash equilibrium is a game theory term named after Nash; If I take out Nash's name and leave only the word equilibrium, equilibrium is a pure game theory term; If Nash is removed from all articles of game theory, only equilibrium is left; Read the game theory articles again, they are all about the word equilibrium; It is found that the logic of the whole article is illogical, the meaning of the words is variant, and the words are unintelligible; As long as it belongs to the theory of Nash equilibrium and the name of Nash is removed, Nash's ghost will appear; In the whole article, it's just like crazy talk, which can't be understood by ordinary people
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash - Nash, equilibrium - equilibrium
Classic verses of biblical writers“ The reason why Nash equilibrium is ghostly is that Nash himself doesn't know what Nash equilibrium is, and his followers pretend to know Nash equilibrium“ Nash equilibrium "turns all the disciples into psychosis and ignorance; Anyone who talks about Nash equilibrium is like falling into a devil's pit. When he opens his mouth, he is asking and answering questions, talking to himself, being capricious, and feeling puzzled, he will justify himself. They are the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is a riddle with unknown content, which seems to be incompatible with any comprehensible logic language. Game biblical writers playfully call "Nash equilibrium" as "totem of silly game"
the classic sentences of biblical writers; If Nash equilibrium is an academic heritage, it is the only farcical heritage in the academic field. His farcical level is enough for seven stars. Nash himself doesn't know what the Nash equilibrium is. China's stupid players all know
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ Nash became a religion in China, following his disciples; There are ignorant youths, fearless fools and shameless professors. "
the classic sentences of biblical writers; When China talks about game, it must talk about Nash equilibrium
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Chinese people should wake up and ask themselves; Since Nash equilibrium is a three person poker game invented by Chinese people, what are its game rules? What is game theory? What did the Chinese learn from the poker game played by three people, that is, "Nash equilibrium"? Nash's demonstration of the mathematical symbol of "Nash equilibrium" is a meaningless reorganization with simple rules of the game. It can also be said that Nash's academic deception when he is forced to do nothing, and his symbol game on paper
the classic sentences of biblical writers“ The word "Nash equilibrium" is like the "holy word" of religion. Its disciples, like mental patients, seek reasons in Nash equilibrium, and all want to find reasonable reasons to explain "Nash equilibrium". As a result, Nash equilibrium becomes a game religion, Nash becomes a leader, and disciples' crazy words to explain Nash equilibrium are nonsense
the classic sentences of biblical writers; If Chinese professors plagiarize "Nash equilibrium" as the title, catch the wind and pass on false information in order to compile books, sell books and earn money, if readers want to be dominant and win money through "Nash equilibrium", they should first check whether Nash has said "win money" in the past 50 years, and whether he has won once? He was snubbed by Einstein because he didn't verify it in the casino Since Nash is a mathematician, he should give a mathematical formula or a mathematical template to quantify the dominant strategy, so that all people can successfully imitate it. In other words, no matter he is a fool or a genius, he will win the same
the effectiveness of science should be like making a phone call. As long as you give a phone number, whether you are a fool or a genius pressing the button in an orderly way, you will get through the same way
the classic sentences of biblical writers; The game function of scientists is to make them as stupid as genius. People wait until Nash is killed in a car accident and no game is won. History has proved that he has no so-called dominant strategy“ Nash equilibrium "what would it be? It's as weird and puzzling as a UFO“ The ghost of "Nash equilibrium" makes people fantasize, and the endless explanations are incredible<
the American academic media hyped wildly and described Nash as a genius, boasting of Nash equilibrium, non cooperative game strategy and game possession strategy for more than half a century. After more than half a century of searching and verification, no one in the world has found a winning strategy. The absurd theoretical attribute of Nash equilibrium determines that it is the feature of academic scandals. Nash genius's "Nash equilibrium" will surely become a laughing stock in the world
in 1958, Nash was rated as the most outstanding figure in the new generation of talented mathematicians by Fortune magazine's hype, and Nash quickly won the honor. He gave lectures and speeches everywhere, met with famous mathematicians from all over the world, and his career was booming
the classic sentences of biblical writers; The film "beautiful heart" uses the artistic form of conception and fabrication to make up Nash's dramatic life. "Nash equilibrium", like the "scripture" of western religion, has evolved into a religious legend. The coincidence that the Nobel Prize in economics hit Nash unexpectedly gave him a lucky life, a life of shyness, a life of unwillingness to see others, a life of academic deception, and a life of embarrassment
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is a concept of "the head of a donkey is not the mouth of a horse" half a century ago. The reason why Nash has been silent is that he can't say it. He dare not say it. He won't say it until he dies Source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrity - text - time: December 2, 2013, from the Game Bible writers' ridicule of Nash to Nash's death in a car accident on May 23, 2015, he did not respond for one and a half years
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Several stock companies, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics (because of game theory) and managed stocks, closed down because of the deficit
said Starr, member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and Nobel Prize Committee for economics; Nash equilibrium is a fantasy of winning games. He doesn't know how to balance, how to dominate unilaterally and how to win. Therefore, Nash will not explain to the world how to win the game ring his lifetime, so he has been silent. Starr also said; Now that we have brought the Nash equilibrium to the public, we can conclude that there will be a winning theory of game in the future. We are worried that the Nash equilibrium may be a total failure, and it will become a big scandal in a few years
source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrity - text - time: December 2, 2013
game biblical writers' taunt of Nash
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what is the Nash equilibrium?
Game Bible writers joke about game theory. When people are looking for a fragrant soybean, they are not as good as mice to choose the shortest distance
"the unknown blue archives of human beings" in the Game Bible gives the definition of game theory: "we call game theory that animals use the addictive spirit of nature to move and form a three-dimensional balanced philology theory in the space expected by decision makers."<
biblical writers' theory of game; Game theory is a drug for young people, a stimulant for the ignorant and a ecstasy for the silent<
the biblical writers of game have a wonderful exposition of game, religion and great man
the biblical writers of game say; Game is the religion between man and universe. The mission of game is to explore the lofty, solemn and incredible order in nature and the world of thinking. People's fear of the universe, entity, knowledge, unknown mystery, as well as the indivial, nature, experience, known has proced religion. People realize that there are some things that we can't have insight into. They feel that there is a kind of primitive form, the most profound reason, the most splendid magnificence, and the generated game emotion, which constitute the real religious emotion. Without religion, belief and emotion, there would be no great men of the times<
game theory is the highest level of satirizing game theory< Some people ask game writers what is game theory
he replied; Game theory is: one question, two answers and three ignorance
that is to say; Those who ask are ignorant, those who answer are ignorant, and those who listen are even more ignorant
it has been questioned that so many game theory books have been published so far
in the above example, we notice that a non optimal result is that both of them choose the candid strategy and are sentenced to five years. This result is called "Nash equilibrium", also known as non cooperative equilibrium. The most basic concept in game theory is "Nash equilibrium". When it comes to game theory, the most famous one is "Nash equilibrium". Nash equilibrium refers to such a strategic combination, which is composed of the optimal strategies of all participants. That is to say, given the strategy of others, no single participant has the initiative to choose other strategies to gain greater benefits, so no one has the initiative to break this equilibrium
of course, although "Nash equilibrium" is composed of single person's optimal strategy, it does not mean that it is an overall optimal result. As mentioned above, in the case of the conflict between indivial rationality and collective rationality, the final result of each person's pursuit of self-interest is a "Nash equilibrium", which is also unfavorable to everyone< In this sense, the paradox of Nash equilibrium actually shakes the foundation of western economics. At the same time, it also reminds us that cooperation is a beneficial "self-interest strategy". In fact, if the above two prisoners can cooperate with each other in collusion, they will definitely choose to deny it and be sentenced to one year for theft only. Of course, it is precisely in consideration of this that the police isolated them for examination and learned the truth. The most favorable cooperation result for the prisoners did not appear“ Nash equilibrium is a kind of non cooperative game equilibrium. In reality, non cooperative situation is more common than cooperative situation. So "Nash equilibrium" is a significant development of the cooperative game theory of von Neumann and Morgan stern, and even a revolution< Today, Nash equilibrium is widely used in various fields of research, especially in institutional analysis. We can use it to draw a very important conclusion: if an institutional arrangement wants to be effective, it must be a Nash equilibrium. Otherwise, this kind of institutional arrangement will not be established.
The definition of Nash equilibrium in Game Bible< Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
< H2 > source: American information network; Game Bible writers' satire on Nash
Game Bible writers' classic sentences; The two-dimensional average is called equilibrium, and the three-dimensional average is called equilibrium
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is funny enough for seven stars. Nash himself doesn't know what Nash equilibrium is. He knows it all
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Half a century ago, Nash equilibrium was a concept of "the head of a donkey is not the mouth of a horse". The reason why Nash was not right was that he kept silent until he died
the classic sentences of biblical writers; Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
let's look at the biblical writers' taunt of NASH
said Starr, member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and Nobel Prize Committee for economics; Nash equilibrium is a fantasy of winning games. He doesn't know how to balance, how to dominate unilaterally and how to win. Therefore, Nash will not explain to the world how to win the game ring his lifetime, so he has been silent. Starr also said; Now that we have brought the Nash equilibrium to the public, we can conclude that there will be a winning theory of game in the future. We are worried that the Nash equilibrium may be a total failure, and it will become a big scandal in a few years
source: American information network; MIT Forbes Nash - famous university celebrities - text - time: December 2, 2013
< P >
some definitions given in the Game Bible, according to the author of the Game Bible; Every definition is a kind of logical language, in which the consistent logical structure can be clearly identified, but people have never really understood it before
The definition of Nash equilibrium in Game Bible< Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
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the definition of prediction in Game Bible; Only when we make a digital judgment of "big or small" or "more or less" about the future state of each particle, can we call it prediction
the definition of prophecy in Game Bible; In a period of time before an event or several events occur, the language judgment of axiomatic proposition is given for the result of a certain state, which is called prophecy
the definition of politics in the Game Bible: we call politics a whole structure that the ruler imitates the order of the game entity of nature and lies outside the indivial
the definition of entity politics in Game Bible; One is a particle, two is a virus, and three is a "private turbulence", which together constitute an illusion of entity politics The definition of game entity politics in Game Bible: we call it game entity politics that rulers imitate the order of game entities in nature, which lies in the equality of many indivials and the cage institution established by cultural rules and entity rules
the definition of game entity diplomacy in Game Bible; In international diplomatic relations, the spirit of equality, mutual trust, inclusiveness, cooperation and win-win results can be regarded as game entity diplomacy
the essence of diplomacy in Game Bible; Diplomacy is not a trade, diplomacy is not a science, and the result of the game of diplomacy is a lesson that lingers in the third space between the two sides
the definition of economy in Game Bible; Economy is the entropy differentiation of 0, 1, 2 and 3-D states
the definition of economics in Game Bible; Economics is the concept of winning and losing and equilibrium in public space
the definition of economists in Game Bible; Economists are just like the horsemen watching the game in the gambling house. They talk about losing, winning and equilibrium around the theory of game entity economics
the definition of game entity economics in Game Bible; We regard the game entity separation invariance theory as game entity economics, which can accommodate the general theory of Philology of macroeconomic entity and microeconomic nature
the definition of real economy in Game Bible; We integrate the abstract concepts of heaven, earth, people, things, things and emotions that we see in a femtosecond moment. In the scene without the concept of time, we form cultural private turbulence with financial characteristics, which is called the real economy
the definition of virtual economy in Game Bible; It's like watching a gambling game in which the magician lets a group of dogs fight for a piece of bone
the definition of Finance in Game Bible; The "money religion" and "money theology" we feel, in the emotions of heaven, earth and human beings, use nihilistic lies to trade and exchange similar to the concept of goods, which is called finance
the definition of financial economy in Game Bible; We see in the femtosecond instant between heaven, earth and people, people use emotion and nihilistic lies to trade, circulate and generate interest currency exchange similar to the concept of goods, which is called financial economy
the definition of financial crime in Game Bible; We regard the financial units as private turbulence, and regard the entity and nature of private turbulence as double heaven. All financial units have common ideals and common deceit. The deceit allowed by law is financial order, and the deceit not allowed by law is financial crime
the definition of Economic Theology in Game Bible; Game Bible writers call the mystery of stock speculators and the fairy tales, tales, lies and myths preached by stock commentators as absurd Economic Theology
the definition of inventor in Game Bible; Inventors are the overthrowrs of opinions and the destroyers of behaviors
the definition of Game Bible philosophy; We define the reflection of philology in culture with the help of Guozheng theory as philosophy
the scientific definition of Game Bible; The eternity, universality and uniqueness of civilization is science
the definition of the spirit of Game Bible; We regard the addictive soul of the subject as the spirit with the unique personality of temperament and free synthesis
the definition of scientific spirit in Game Bible: it is regarded as scientific spirit by blindly following the only reason in the mixed concept of morality and game and adhering to the ultimate truth
The definition of Zen in Game Bible; Zen is a "deified step" floating in the third spacethe definition of civilization in Game Bible; In the cultural process, the end of the game of gratitude and resentment is civilization
The definition of "Game Bible" work; Only by changing one thing into another can we call it work and predict the result
the definition of entity society in Game Bible; Culture is the soul of politics, and politics is the matrix of epistemology game entity, which constitutes the entity society
the definition of Biblical culture; We call culture the graal increase of feeling, thinking, consciousness and concept from brain to subjective, rational and truth
the connotation of Game Bible is defined as the sum of all attributes created by us with the concept of emotion, including addiction, temperament, personality and spirit
the definition of entity and nature in Game Bible; The separable invariance of game entity is the nature of game. What can be separated from the entity is the nature, and what can be with the entity is the entity
the definition of financial enterprise in Game Bible; The theory of entity and nature tells us that the gang cheating behavior approved by the government (entity characteristics) belongs to financial enterprises, and the financial enterprise not approved by the government (indivial characteristics) found by the public security bureau belongs to economic fraud gang
the definition of law in the Game Bible: law is the combination of one entity and two spirituality, which is the invariance theory of entity separation
the definition of judicial average winning power in Game Bible; The behavior of law and emotion can proce a win-win feeling in the two spiritual spirits. We call the development of win-win ability judicial win-win ability
the definition of harmonious judicial spirit in Game Bible; The substantive law can treat the parties as the stock price expands to space with time, so that the spirit of the parties can find the feeling of winning in the justice, which is the harmonious judicial spirit
The definition of Chinese dream in Game Bible; Let the people work with dignity, create freely, live with dignity, and find the feeling of winning. These are the symbolic contents of the Chinese dream
the definition of justice in Game Bible; Justice is a win-win between involuntary and happy
the definition of happiness in Game Bible; The income of trust and free giving and desire is defined as happiness
the definition of emotion in Game Bible; Emotion is dependence, is the arous creation in the process of desire driven by addiction
the definition of love in Game Bible; We define love as the free giving of truth, goodness and beauty after the desire driven by addiction abandons self in the cultural process
the definition of the law of Game Bible; Law, which is the cause and effect, is a reprocible constant relationship between the former state and the latter state
the definition of grassroots in Game Bible; The word "grassroots" often appears in the media of the Communist Party of China. It is the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it is also the insulting remarks of the eastern thugs to the Chinese compatriots The land reform of the Communist Party of China killed the capitalists, the landlords, the rich, the rebels, the bad and the Rightists, and there was no aristocracy in China. Maybe I just got out of poverty from the grass roots and thought I was an aristocrat. There is a number in Western aristocratic culture, more than three generations are called aristocrats)
the definition of wisdom in Game Bible; Wisdom is the original executive power in the cultural process
the definition of leadership in Game Bible; We regard information that points to "private turbulence" or to "entity" authority as leadership
the definition of political party in Game Bible; In a state entity with independent judiciary, gangs that are legally allowed to name, develop and grow are called political parties
the definition of the classic theory of Game Bible; We call the original, lasting and shocking theory of historical choice classic theory
the definition of strategy in the Game Bible: strategy is to seek, continuous, reasonable, scientific and civilized entity
the definition of tactics in Game Bible: tactics are achieved, partial, truth, civilized and cultural
the definition of win in Game Bible; Winning is not about size, not how much, not equilibrium, not strategy and tactics, but about the priority of an expected particle in the random state of the future Guozheng theory
The definition of Nash equilibrium in Game Bible< Nash equilibrium is abetting in the dark, miscalculation in ignorance and juggling in curiosity
the definition of morality in Game Bible; Priority prediction after tragedy
(in 1950, mathematician Tucker was a visiting professor at Stanford University. When he gave lectures to some psychologists, he told the story of two prisoners.)
suppose that two thieves, a and B, were caught by the police for committing a joint crime and entering a private house. The police put two people in two different rooms for questioning. The policy for each suspect is that if a suspect confesses the crime and gives up the stolen goods, the irrefutable evidence is made. Two people are convicted. If another suspect has made a confession, the two men will be sentenced to 8 years each. If another suspect denies instead of confessing, he will be sentenced to another 2 years for the crime of obstructing public service (because there is evidence to prove his guilt), and the confessor will be released immediately after 8 years of commutation. If they both deny it, the police can not sentence them for theft e to insufficient evidence, but they can each be sentenced to one year's imprisonment for the crime of entering a private house. Table 2.2 shows the payoff matrix for this game
Table 2.2 prisoner's dilemma game
a ╲ B confess and deny
confess-8, - 80, - 10
deny-10, 0-1, - 1
for the case, it is obvious that the best strategy is to deny both sides, and the result is that everyone is only sentenced to one year. However, e to the isolation of the two people, first of all, from the perspective of psychology, both parties will suspect that the other party will sell themselves in order to protect themselves. Second, Adam Smith's theory assumes that everyone is a "rational economic man" and will choose from the purpose of self-interest. These two people will have such a calculation process: if he confesses, I deny that he will have to go to prison for 10 years, and it will only be 8 years at most; If he denies, I can be released, and he will be in prison for 10 years. Considering the above situations, whether he is frank or not, it is a good deal for me to be frank. Two people will use such a brain, in the end, two people chose to confess, the result was sentenced to eight years in prison
based on the premise assumption of rational agent in economics, the choice of two prisoners in line with their own interests is to confess, and the strategy that was originally beneficial to both sides would not appear if they were not confessed, so they would not be released. In this way, both of them chose the strategy of confession and were sentenced to eight years. The Nash equilibrium first challenged Adam Smith's "invisible hand" principle: according to Smith's theory, in the market economy, everyone starts from the purpose of self-interest, and ultimately the whole society achieves the effect of altruism. But we can lead to a paradox of the principle of "invisible hand" from the "Nash equilibrium": starting from the purpose of self-interest, the result is not self-interest to others, neither self-interest nor disadvantage to others.