The cultivation of preschool children's de egocentrism
Publish: 2021-04-19 03:36:45
1. Parents' first EQ class, the baby's cognition of the surrounding is self-learning ability, but parents' planned interaction is the best ecation at this time
please describe all kinds of emotions and emotions of the baby itself and other people in the environment with words
start from simple: happy, sad, afraid, calm, angry
then further understand the advanced emotions accurately: sadness, fear, friendly
finally, to some higher emotions: embarrassment, withdrawal, Anger, etc.
remember not to think that children are born with a lot of knowledge. The baby can judge and analyze self-learning either from family ecation or from TV and other social ecation
distraction is the best intervention method
children aged 2-3 have incomplete cognitive system, and the best way is to divert their attention when their emotions are out of control. Use other more attractive things to save the child from the boring and noisy mood
remember: don't be angry with your child, and reason with your child, it's all the performance of parents with low EQ
how to & quot; Egocentrism & quot; It is the main task of the baby at this stage
(tapping the blackboard, which is the source of future EQ)
let the child know & quot; You & quot& quot; I & quot& quot; He & quot; There are also differences between & quot; Your & quot& quot; My & quot& quot; His & quot; The difference
can start with sharing:
for example, a beautiful little sister came to the family, and the baby was very happy, and took a small apple to give to her sister.
many parents may immediately criticize their children for doing wrong or even for being selfish in the face of this situation
it's only after decades of life that I have accumulated my right and wrong ideas. How can I ask a two or three-year-old child to have the same right and wrong ideas as myself
what can we do
baby: if someone gives you an apple, do you want a big one or a small one
he replied without thinking: big
Yes, you see, you want to get a big one. Do you think Miss would like to receive a big one or a small one
he thought about it and replied, "big one
are you happy if someone gives you a little apple
the baby thinks: not happy
do you think little sister will be happy to receive the apple you gave him
the baby shakes his head thoughtfully: unhappy
do you want your little sister to be happy or unhappy
baby: I hope my little sister is happy
do you think you should give the teacher a big apple or a small one
baby: Big Apple
when I have similar conflicts, please describe the thoughts, feelings and expectations of people from different positions and angles as comprehensively as possible, so that the baby can realize that different people will have different thoughts, feelings and expectations from an early age
this kind of & quot; Decentralization & quot; Thinking training will be the foundation of EQ in the future
please describe all kinds of emotions and emotions of the baby itself and other people in the environment with words
start from simple: happy, sad, afraid, calm, angry
then further understand the advanced emotions accurately: sadness, fear, friendly
finally, to some higher emotions: embarrassment, withdrawal, Anger, etc.
remember not to think that children are born with a lot of knowledge. The baby can judge and analyze self-learning either from family ecation or from TV and other social ecation
distraction is the best intervention method
children aged 2-3 have incomplete cognitive system, and the best way is to divert their attention when their emotions are out of control. Use other more attractive things to save the child from the boring and noisy mood
remember: don't be angry with your child, and reason with your child, it's all the performance of parents with low EQ
how to & quot; Egocentrism & quot; It is the main task of the baby at this stage
(tapping the blackboard, which is the source of future EQ)
let the child know & quot; You & quot& quot; I & quot& quot; He & quot; There are also differences between & quot; Your & quot& quot; My & quot& quot; His & quot; The difference
can start with sharing:
for example, a beautiful little sister came to the family, and the baby was very happy, and took a small apple to give to her sister.
many parents may immediately criticize their children for doing wrong or even for being selfish in the face of this situation
it's only after decades of life that I have accumulated my right and wrong ideas. How can I ask a two or three-year-old child to have the same right and wrong ideas as myself
what can we do
baby: if someone gives you an apple, do you want a big one or a small one
he replied without thinking: big
Yes, you see, you want to get a big one. Do you think Miss would like to receive a big one or a small one
he thought about it and replied, "big one
are you happy if someone gives you a little apple
the baby thinks: not happy
do you think little sister will be happy to receive the apple you gave him
the baby shakes his head thoughtfully: unhappy
do you want your little sister to be happy or unhappy
baby: I hope my little sister is happy
do you think you should give the teacher a big apple or a small one
baby: Big Apple
when I have similar conflicts, please describe the thoughts, feelings and expectations of people from different positions and angles as comprehensively as possible, so that the baby can realize that different people will have different thoughts, feelings and expectations from an early age
this kind of & quot; Decentralization & quot; Thinking training will be the foundation of EQ in the future
2. Egocentrism refers to children's thinking deficiencies e to their low level of thinking development. It means that indivials tend to know things from their own standpoint and point of view, but not from the objective and other people's standpoint and point of view. From being unable to distinguish the self from the outside world to getting rid of the dependence on action and direct perception, being able to distinguish the self from the outside world, representing other people's psychological world, and acquiring the ability of opinion selection. In the early stage of sensorimotor, the egocentrism of children's thinking is that they can't distinguish themselves from the outside world. They live in the "here and now" world completely and don't realize that there is a broader world besides their feelings. At the end of the sensorimotor stage, with the emergence of symbolic function, children can distinguish themselves from the outside world, which is a manifestation of de egocentrism. In the pre operation stage, children's egocentrism of thinking is reflected in the representation level. At this time, although children have formed a representation of things, they can't represent other people's psychological world. What they think and feel is always the same as what they think and feel, and they don't have the ability of opinion selection. After entering the specific operation stage, children's thinking is further de egocentric, which shows that they can understand things from multiple dimensions, and they can realize that different people often hold different views and attitudes towards the same thing, that is, they have the ability of opinion selection. Therefore, Piaget believes that the development of children's thinking from low level to high level is a process of de egocentrism.
3.
5.
" Children's egocentrism & quot; It is shown in two aspects, that is, rational egocentrism and social egocentrism. At the same time, it is also shown in two different stages of children's psychological development, that is, perception movement stage and pre operation stage. Piaget pointed out: the lack of coordination in activities and the lack of differentiation between subject and object are the root of psychological egocentrism. Childhood is also Piaget's "pre operational thinking stage"
6. Take children out for a walk, even if the street park is a new world for children. With the increase of "knowledge", children will not have excessive fear of strange environment and strangers. This will help children to make new friends, encourage children to play with their friends, and teach children what they should pay attention to when playing with their partners. They should neither be worldly sophisticated nor lose what they should have In this respect, parents must first set a good example for their children to see how you teach them by words and deeds, so that they will spontaneously follow suit.
in fact, in the growth of children, the cultivation of self-awareness and social skills are very important. To make children realize that they are important, but people need companions. On the contrary, friends are important, but they are also There should be a bottom line. Of course, it's not appropriate for preschool children to say that directly, but it's very important to instill some such theories properly so that children have a vague consciousness
hope it can help you!
in fact, in the growth of children, the cultivation of self-awareness and social skills are very important. To make children realize that they are important, but people need companions. On the contrary, friends are important, but they are also There should be a bottom line. Of course, it's not appropriate for preschool children to say that directly, but it's very important to instill some such theories properly so that children have a vague consciousness
hope it can help you!
7. 1、 To construct the goal system of early reading ecation
the goal is the guide of ecational behavior. Only with a clear goal can we have a targeted ecation for children in the process of ecation and achieve good ecational effect. Therefore, early reading ecation must have a clear goal
according to American curriculum expert RAF Taylor, the construction of ecational goals should be considered from the aspects of children's interest, cognition, ability, habit and attitude< According to the characteristics of early reading ecation, it is an integral part of kindergarten language ecation. Early reading ecation has its unique value in language ecation. When constructing the goal, we should reflect its particularity. At the same time, we must follow the law of children's language development and fully consider the age characteristics and needs of children
based on the above understanding, combined with the goal of early reading ecation in language ecation for preschool children edited by Professor Zhao Jishi and Lou Bisheng and the reality of children in our kindergarten, we established the goal of early reading ecation for children: to stimulate children's interest in reading, cultivate children's sensitivity to book language, and help children understand the corresponding transformation relationship between language symbols and picture symbols, Master the methods of early reading, cultivate children's ability to transfer early reading experience to other activities, develop good habits, and improve children's comprehensive ability of observation, imagination and language thinking. Based on this, we determine the decomposition goal and the level goal of each age class
the construction and establishment of the target system of early reading ecation make teachers clear the requirements of early reading ecation for children, and make early reading ecation more targeted< Second, the way to cultivate children's early reading ability
according to the goal of early reading ecation, teachers should systematically cultivate children's reading ability in a planned and purposeful way, so as to make each child develop at different levels
1. Reading activities
Big Book Reading Activities: teachers make large picture story books according to children's age characteristics, ecational objectives and ecational contents, and use these picture story books to help children learn and master the reading skills of carefully observing pictures in order and connecting the front and back picture pages
small book reading activities: the picture story book with the same content is read by children independently, mainly to help children master the method of turning books, so that children can feel and experience themselves in the process of reading, and constantly gain the experience of independent reading
listening and appreciating activities: activities with the main content of listening and appreciating picture stories or other literary works, mainly let children repeatedly listen to the teacher, constantly experience taste, develop good listening habits, and improve their ability to appreciate literary works
layout activity: the teacher provides each child with a set of pictures in disorder. On the basis of understanding the meaning of the picture, the child arranges the pictures in order according to the inherent logic of the story, and expresses the reasons for layout, which is concive to the cultivation of children's orderly thinking ability
2. Reading based comprehensive activities
self made picture story book activities, poetry with painting activities: under the guidance of teachers, children use the existing reading experience and painting skills to make their own stories and poems with pictures consistent with their plots and contents into picture story books, so as to cultivate children's ability to transform language symbols and develop their creative thinking ability, The importance of early childhood reading ecation
listening to music and composing Stories: This is a combination of reading experience and music experience. Through feeling and understanding music, children can transform it into language symbols, tell stories, and form music picture storybooks with pictures, so as to cultivate children's ability to transform music symbols into language symbols and painting symbols, and develop their imagination and creative thinking ability
let children choose reading materials according to their own interests, actively construct, accumulate and assimilate reading experience. Teachers should give appropriate guidance and encourage children to carry out independent reading activities.
the goal is the guide of ecational behavior. Only with a clear goal can we have a targeted ecation for children in the process of ecation and achieve good ecational effect. Therefore, early reading ecation must have a clear goal
according to American curriculum expert RAF Taylor, the construction of ecational goals should be considered from the aspects of children's interest, cognition, ability, habit and attitude< According to the characteristics of early reading ecation, it is an integral part of kindergarten language ecation. Early reading ecation has its unique value in language ecation. When constructing the goal, we should reflect its particularity. At the same time, we must follow the law of children's language development and fully consider the age characteristics and needs of children
based on the above understanding, combined with the goal of early reading ecation in language ecation for preschool children edited by Professor Zhao Jishi and Lou Bisheng and the reality of children in our kindergarten, we established the goal of early reading ecation for children: to stimulate children's interest in reading, cultivate children's sensitivity to book language, and help children understand the corresponding transformation relationship between language symbols and picture symbols, Master the methods of early reading, cultivate children's ability to transfer early reading experience to other activities, develop good habits, and improve children's comprehensive ability of observation, imagination and language thinking. Based on this, we determine the decomposition goal and the level goal of each age class
the construction and establishment of the target system of early reading ecation make teachers clear the requirements of early reading ecation for children, and make early reading ecation more targeted< Second, the way to cultivate children's early reading ability
according to the goal of early reading ecation, teachers should systematically cultivate children's reading ability in a planned and purposeful way, so as to make each child develop at different levels
1. Reading activities
Big Book Reading Activities: teachers make large picture story books according to children's age characteristics, ecational objectives and ecational contents, and use these picture story books to help children learn and master the reading skills of carefully observing pictures in order and connecting the front and back picture pages
small book reading activities: the picture story book with the same content is read by children independently, mainly to help children master the method of turning books, so that children can feel and experience themselves in the process of reading, and constantly gain the experience of independent reading
listening and appreciating activities: activities with the main content of listening and appreciating picture stories or other literary works, mainly let children repeatedly listen to the teacher, constantly experience taste, develop good listening habits, and improve their ability to appreciate literary works
layout activity: the teacher provides each child with a set of pictures in disorder. On the basis of understanding the meaning of the picture, the child arranges the pictures in order according to the inherent logic of the story, and expresses the reasons for layout, which is concive to the cultivation of children's orderly thinking ability
2. Reading based comprehensive activities
self made picture story book activities, poetry with painting activities: under the guidance of teachers, children use the existing reading experience and painting skills to make their own stories and poems with pictures consistent with their plots and contents into picture story books, so as to cultivate children's ability to transform language symbols and develop their creative thinking ability, The importance of early childhood reading ecation
listening to music and composing Stories: This is a combination of reading experience and music experience. Through feeling and understanding music, children can transform it into language symbols, tell stories, and form music picture storybooks with pictures, so as to cultivate children's ability to transform music symbols into language symbols and painting symbols, and develop their imagination and creative thinking ability
let children choose reading materials according to their own interests, actively construct, accumulate and assimilate reading experience. Teachers should give appropriate guidance and encourage children to carry out independent reading activities.
8. Children's egocentrism
will affect the formation of rule consciousness
will affect the formation of rule consciousness
9. To improve children's moral awareness and cultivate good habits. In doing everything, we should have a clear purpose, overcome difficulties and achieve the goal. For example, in order to celebrate their own festivals, performances, to overcome shyness; In order to be a student on ty, overcome laziness, go to kindergarten early and so on. It can also be put on the aspects of living habits, such as requiring children to go to bed and get up on time, eating on time and not partial to food. With the growth of children's age, the cultivation of self-control ability should focus on social ethics and social responsibility. For example, children are required to abide by rules and discipline in the collective, make their own behaviors and wishes subject to the purpose and requirements of collective activities, and can't infringe on the interests of others at will. Parents should actively guide and inspire their children to consciously exercise their self-control.
10. The development of preschool children's self-awareness includes four aspects:
(1) the development of self-awareness:
children's self-awareness is the initial form of self-awareness, that is, the stage of self-awareness, from being unable to distinguish themselves as a subject from the surrounding objects before one year old to knowing that hands and feet are part of their own body< (2) the development of self-knowledge:
a child can call his mother, which indicates that he has regarded himself as an independent indivial. More importantly, after 15 months, children have begun to know their image< (3) the germination of self-consciousness:
the real emergence of self-consciousness is related to the development of children's speech; I & quot; It is an important sign of the germination of self-consciousness and can accurately use & quot; I & quot; To express wishes marks the emergence of children's self-consciousness< (4) the development of self-consciousness in all aspects:
self-evaluation, self experience and self-regulation graally developed.
(1) the development of self-awareness:
children's self-awareness is the initial form of self-awareness, that is, the stage of self-awareness, from being unable to distinguish themselves as a subject from the surrounding objects before one year old to knowing that hands and feet are part of their own body< (2) the development of self-knowledge:
a child can call his mother, which indicates that he has regarded himself as an independent indivial. More importantly, after 15 months, children have begun to know their image< (3) the germination of self-consciousness:
the real emergence of self-consciousness is related to the development of children's speech; I & quot; It is an important sign of the germination of self-consciousness and can accurately use & quot; I & quot; To express wishes marks the emergence of children's self-consciousness< (4) the development of self-consciousness in all aspects:
self-evaluation, self experience and self-regulation graally developed.
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