MDF decentralization
These devices are enough. There is no need to include other devices
MDF is the general distribution frame for users, in which there are only distribution frames, including optical fiber distribution frame (access to the optical fiber introced from outside and distribute the optical fiber to the main switch and the switches in the IDF of each layer) and telephone distribution frame (access and distribute the HYA cable to the telephone distribution box of each layer)
the total number of distribution frames needed depends on the specific network, the number of telephone points, and the specifications of distribution frames used; It is not suitable for common use, and the security system is generally networked separately
the single-mode gigabit optical fiber transceiver is used when you want to convert the optical signal in the optical fiber into the electrical signal in the twisted pair cable. According to the system diagram, the optical fiber is sent to the floor, and after arriving at the floor, the network switch has the optical fiber interface, and the switch has the photoelectric conversion function, so the optical fiber transceiver should not be used
class 6 mole is used to be installed on the network distribution frame and network socket to insert class 6 cable. If the distance between MDF and IDF is less than 90 meters, category 6 cable can be used instead, but MDF will add network distribution frame accordingly
extended data:
1. Calculation method of cable consumption in weak current engineering:
average cable length = (horizontal distance of farthest information point + horizontal distance of nearest information point) / 2 + 2H (h-floor height) actual average cable length = average cable length × 1.1 + (termination tolerance, usually 6)
number of cables in each box = length of cables in each box / average length of actual cables; Number of boxes required for cables = total number of information points / number of cables per box
note: the horizontal distance between the farthest and closest information points is the actual horizontal distance from the floor distribution room (IDF) to the information point, including the distance of the actual horizontal route. If an IDF is set in multiple layers, the height of the corresponding floor should also be included. The above formula of "average cable length" is applicable to the case of one or three floors with one floor distribution room (IDF)
2. Calculation method of copper cable consumption for trunk subsystem:
average cable length = (farthest IDF distance + nearest IDF distance) / 2
actual average cable length = average cable length × 1.1 + (termination tolerance, usually 6)
the number of cables per axis = the length of cables per axis / the average length of actual cables
the number of axles required for cables = the total number of IDF / the number of cables per box
note: the farthest and nearest IDF distance is the actual distance from the floor distribution room (IDF) to the main distribution frame (MDF), It mainly depends on the floor height and the horizontal distance from the weak current well to the equipment room (MDF)
virtual CD-ROM:
http://patch.ali213.net/showpatch/3757.html
this is the latest version of the virtual CD-ROM drive.
after downloading, install and run it.
there will be a red icon in the lower right corner of the monitor. Double click
to load the game you downloaded (MDF) to install it
The meaning of VCC GND is as follows:
VCC: supply voltage of circuit
GND: refers to the total ground wire in the board (1) VCCVCC: C = circuit means the voltage connected to the circuit, d = device means the internal working voltage of the device, in the ordinary electronic circuit, the general VCC & gt; Vdd ! Some ICs have VCC and VDD at the same time. This device has voltage conversion function
(2) GNDGND (ground) on circuit diagram and circuit board represents ground wire or 0 wire. GND means common terminal, which can also be said to be ground, but this ground is not the real ground. It is a ground assumed for application. For power supply, it is the negative pole of a power supply. It is different from the earth. Sometimes it needs to be connected to the earth, sometimes it doesn't, depending on the situation
GND (ground) on the circuit diagram and circuit board represents ground wire or 0 wire. GND means common terminal, which can also be said to be ground, but this ground is not the real ground. It is a ground assumed for application. For power supply, it is the negative pole of a power supply. It is different from the earth. Sometimes it needs to be connected to the earth, sometimes it doesn't, depending on the situation. Some related:VDD: power supply voltage (unipolar device); Power supply voltage (4000 series digital circuit); Drain voltage (FET)
VCC: supply voltage (bipolar device); Power supply voltage (74 series digital circuit)
VSS: ground or negative pole of power supply
Vee: negative voltage power supply; Source (s) of FET
VPP: programming / erasing voltage
GND is divided into digital ground (DGND) and analog ground (agnd)TIA / eia-568-a standard stipulates that vertical wiring is used to connect multiple IDF (intermediate wiring room) to main MDF (main wiring room), which is also called trunk wiring. VCCS usually use optical fiber because the length of vertical wiring is usually longer than 100 meters limited by category 5E twisted pair
VCC (virtual call center) means virtual call center
provide operational and manageable call center outsourcing services. Different VCC (virtual call center) can have independent call access code. VCCS are independent of each other and have independent configuration, monitoring, quality inspection and reporting. Resources belonging to VCC are controlled, such as adaptive relay resources, agent resources and IVR resources
At the same time, the system provides a comprehensive service open interface for the majority of SP / ICP to quickly open business, thus forming a multi win value-added service value chain of "equipment supplier + network operator + content provider + user"VCC service providers do their own interface with telecom operators, get the ordinary telephone uplink of the communication network and realize the landing of the communication network. Relative to users, VCC itself is purely an Internet based operator
enterprise users can directly apply for the city's phone number or the nationwide unified toll free 4006 phone number on VCC to be the access number of their own company or call center, and the numbers are relay numbers, which can be called in multiple ways at the same time. It's equivalent to pulling a relay from Telecom into the company, rather than pulling a telephone line
enterprise users can also log in to the business hall of VCC through account password to configure IVR process, such as welcome words and call transfer menu. This is equivalent to the user installing a PBX switch that can be edited at any time
enterprise users can also check their own bills at any time in the online business hall, recharge and pay fees, and check the recording of every incoming and outgoing call, which is equivalent to building another recording system
compared with the traditional call center or the traditional enterprise wiring pull phone. Because VCC is based on IP technology, it also has more convenient advantages. First of all, each part of the machine has no geographical restrictions. As long as the place where you can access the Internet, enterprise employees can communicate with their seat number to log in, which is equivalent to that they are beside the extension, whether it is a different city or a foreign country. This has obvious advantages for express companies with many branches and large enterprises
at the same time, this system also has advantages for the customer service call center with a large number of calls. For example, the UU business travel case introced on the official website of Yuntong. UU business travel is a room and ticket booking center. The original 4006729400 calls were transferred to ordinary phones. Originally, only one way of users could call in, and there was no recording of the quality of customer service
in this way, the enterprise can do a good job of its own telephone voice network immediately without any hardware investment and many working days. Especially for 400 call center, it has a revolutionary change. 400 call center can not wait, do not invest in real-time opening their own call center system
on USB: VCC is power access; GND is grounded; DP and DM are differential signals; Port - and port + are data negative and positive signals
abbreviation abbr.
1. Vascular erosion cast model
2. Vasoconstrictor center
3. Video compact cassette, small video cassette recorder
4. Vin de concentration Courante (French = table wine) (French) table wine 5. Vocational career concept
5 Sohu Video and iqiyi jointly established the "video content Cooperation Organization" (VCC) on April 25, 2012 to realize resource exchange, platform cooperation, and in-depth cooperation in the field of right and broadcasting
1. First of all, you need to install re and click the security center, as shown in the figure below
a MDF is a distribution frame in which one side is connected to the external line of the switch, and the other side is connected to the internal cable wiring of the switch population and outlet. MDF, short for MDF, is the most important component in the management subsystem. It is the hub to realize the cross connection between vertical trunk line and horizontal wiring. The distribution frame is usually installed on the cabinet or wall. By installing accessories, the distribution frame can meet the needs of UTP, STP, coaxial cable, optical fiber, audio and video. Twisted pair distribution frame and optical fiber distribution frame are commonly used in network engineering. The main distribution frame is suitable to be used with large capacity telephone switching equipment to connect internal and external lines. In general, it also has the function of wiring, testing and protecting the equipment and personal safety in the Bureau. The double side frame is made of special aluminum profile, which is easy to install. It has two kinds of structure: frame type and cabinet type, which is easy to expand. Single side rack combines the advantages of double side rack, saves the room space, and all operations are carried out in the front, avoiding too many long jumpers and chaos, which makes the maintenance easier. Full mole structure, flexible and convenient configuration and installation. The main distribution frame is composed of rack, security wiring row, test wiring row, security unit and other accessories. It has good protection function to prevent over-current and over-voltage caused by lightning and other reasons from harming communication equipment and personnel in the computer room. All plastics are flame retardant engineering plastics. The contact surface is treated with gold plating, silver plating, nickel plating and anti-corrosion treatment. Level 4 alarm: unit, row, column alarm and total alarm (sound and light). The frame has reliable grounding system
[intermediate distribution frame IDF]
IDF also refers to distribution frame. An interface device is a hardware device or a component system that enables users to interact with computers, telephone systems or other electronic information systems. This term often appears in the field of mobile communication. The designers of mobile devices are faced with the challenge of how to integrate portability, high performance and ease of operation in interface devices. According to the overall characteristics of the interface device, people often call it user interface device (in the computer field, at least in many academic research, it is called humanized interface device HCI). In the late 20th century and the early 21st century, desktop computers and laptops used a kind of graphical user interface, which was quite different from those command-line interfaces with relatively limited functions in the early days. An interface device has some output interfaces, such as display screen or audio signal, and some input interfaces, such as some buttons, keyboard, sound receiver or handwriting board. Harmonia company has developed a program for web page development. Web pages can be used for various interface devices after being formatted by the program. The program defines seven representative interface devices, which are listed as follows:
personal computer (desktop or notebook, large capacity memory, external storage function, keyboard and large display)
handheld computer (small size, still with keyboard)
Pocket PC (small size, can be put into pocket, handwriting output interface, small display screen)
smart phones (electronic mobile phones without computer operating performance, which can receive web pages written in unlimited markup language from web servers)
intelligent pager (two-way paging device, which can reply messages by pressing keys or keyboards)
standard telephone (voice and key output interface, no computer performance)
hybrid interface device (integrating telephone and handheld computer). If you want to send messages to other users, you have to know what type of interface they are using. Web pages or other information content written in extensible markup language can be applied to any kind of interface device. The extended style sheet language can be used to write personal style sheets for a specific interface device. Therefore, when a user asks for web information, his interface device can recognize it and format the transmitted web information with the corresponding style sheet. In order to simplify the above process, Harmonia has developed a user interface markup language
[distribution frame]
equipment used for terminal user line or trunk line, and capable of deployment and connection. Distribution frame is the most important component in the management subsystem, and it is the hub to realize the cross connection between vertical trunk line and horizontal wiring. The distribution frame is usually installed on the cabinet or wall. By installing accessories, the distribution frame can meet the needs of UTP, STP, coaxial cable, optical fiber, audio and video. Twisted pair distribution frame and optical fiber distribution frame are commonly used in network engineering. It can be divided into main distribution frame and intermediate distribution frame according to the use location and purpose
the distribution frame is usually installed on the cabinet or wall. By installing accessories, the distribution frame can meet the needs of UTP, STP, coaxial cable, optical fiber, audio and video. According to the different location, the distribution frame is divided into main distribution frame and intermediate distribution frame. The former is used for building or building group wiring, while the latter is used for floor wiring. One end of the horizontal subsystem is the information socket, and the other end is the middle distribution frame. One end of the vertical trunk subsystem is the middle distribution frame, and the other end is the main distribution frame or both ends are gathering equipment.
the cabling system consists of different series of components, including transmission media, line management hardware, connectors, sockets, plugs, adapters, transmission electronic circuits, electrical protection equipment and supporting hardware< According to the definition of international standard iso11801, structured cabling system can be composed of the following systems:
work area subsystem
the purpose is to realize the connection between the work area terminal equipment and the horizontal subsystem, which is composed of the connecting cables from the terminal equipment to the information socket. It is composed of information socket, socket box, connecting jumper and adapter. The design of work area subsystem mainly considers information socket and adapter
(1) information socket: information socket is the interface between workstation and distribution subsystem, and the standard IO socket of generic cabling system is 8-pin molar information socket. When installing the socket, the socket should be as close to the user as possible, and the position of the power supply should also be considered. According to the relevant electrical installation specifications, the height of the installation position of the information socket from the ground is 30 ~ 50cm
(2) adapter: the selection of the adapter in the working area should meet the following requirements: when using different information sockets at the connection of the equipment, Special cable or adapter can be used; When carrying out two services on a single information socket, "Y" adapter should be selected; The type of cable selected in the distribution subsystem is different from the type of cable required by the equipment, and also different from the type of cable required for connecting the corresponding devices such as digital to analog conversion or data rate conversion of different signals, so the adapter should be used; According to the different telecommunication terminal equipment in the work area, the corresponding terminal matcher can be equipped<
horizontal subsystem
also known as wiring subsystem
aims to realize the connection between information socket and management subsystem (jumper frame), lead the user's work area to the management subsystem, and provide users with an information point outlet that meets the international standards and meets the requirements of voice and high-speed data transmission. The subsystem starts from the information socket of a work area and is composed of cables horizontally arranged to the inner distribution frame of the management area. The commonly used transmission medium in the system is 4-Pair UTP (unshielded twisted pair), which can support most modern communication equipment and flexibly select cables according to the rate: when the rate is lower than 10m, type 4 or type 5 twisted pair is generally used; When the speed is 10 ~ 100m, category 5 or category 6 twisted pair is generally used; When the speed is higher than 100m, optical fiber or type 6 twisted pair is used
the distribution subsystem is required to be within 90m, which refers to the actual length from the distribution frame in the floor wiring room to the information point in the work area. If some broadband applications are needed, optical cable can be used. The standard socket of ISDN 8-core (RJ45) is used as the information outlet. Each information outlet can be used flexibly, and the purpose can be changed according to the actual application requirements. The most common topology of distribution subsystem is star structure. Every point in the system must be connected with the distribution frame of management subsystem through an independent cable<
management subsystem
this subsystem is composed of interconnecting distribution frames. The management point provides the connection means for connecting other subsystems. Interconnection and interconnection allow the positioning or relocation of communication lines to different parts of the building, so that the communication lines can be more easily managed, and it is easy to plug and unplug in the mobile terminal equipment. According to different connecting hardware, the interconnection distribution frame is divided into floor distribution frame (box) IDF and main distribution frame (box) MDF. IDF can be installed in the trunk wiring room of each floor, and MDF is generally installed in the equipment room<
vertical trunk subsystem
the purpose is to realize the connection between computer equipment, program-controlled exchange (PBX), control center and management subsystems, and it is the route of building trunk cable. The subsystem usually provides multiple line facilities between two units, especially at the common system equipment at the central point. The system is composed of all vertical trunk multi pair cables and relevant supporting hardware in the building to provide trunk route between the main distribution frame in the equipment room and the floor distribution frame in the trunk wiring room. The common media are twisted pair cable and optical cable
there are two types of trunk routes: open and closed. The former refers to an open space from the basement of the building to the top of the building, while the latter is a series of wiring rooms aligned up and down, one on each floor. The cable passes through the floor of the wiring room through the cable hole or cable well. Because the open channel is not separated by any floor, it brings great trouble for the construction and is generally not used<
equipment room subsystem
this subsystem is mainly composed of cables, connectors and relevant supporting hardware in the equipment room, which is used to interconnect weak current equipment such as computer, PBX, camera and monitor and connect them to the main distribution frame. The equipment includes computer system, hub, switch, PBX, audio output equipment, CCTV control device and alarm control center<
building group subsystem
this subsystem extends the cables of one building to the communication equipment and devices in other buildings of the building group. It is a part of the structured cabling system and supports the hardware required for communication between buildings. It is composed of cable, optical cable, over-current and over-voltage electrical protection equipment and other related hardware. The common medium is optical cable
there are three ways of building group subsystem wiring:
underground pipeline laying: cables can be laid at any time, and the laying and expansion of cables are very convenient. It can keep the appearance and surface of buildings clean and tidy, and provide the best mechanical protection. The disadvantage of this method is that the cost is relatively high
direct buried trench laying method: it can keep the surface of buildings and roads in order, which is inconvenient to expand and replace, and the mechanical protection provided for cables is not as good as underground pipeline laying method, so the initial cost is relatively low
overhead mode: if there are poles between buildings, the cost is the lowest, but it can not provide any mechanical protection, so the safety performance is poor, and it will also affect the appearance of buildings.
when decorating a house, the following substances may release formaldehyde:
1. Artificial board
including plywood, blockboard, MDF and particleboard for interior decoration
formaldehyde is the main component of adhesives used in the proction of wood-based panels, and the resial and non reactive formaldehyde in the panels will graally release to the surrounding environment, which is the main body of formaldehyde in the indoor air
2. Furniture made of artificial board
in order to pursue profits, some manufacturers use unqualified boards, or use inferior glue when bonding veneer materials, and formaldehyde in boards and glue seriously exceeds the standard
Other kinds of decorative materialsmaterials such as wall cloth, wallpaper, chemical fiber carpet, paint and coating contain formaldehyde and may be emitted to the outside world
4, foam lath. When p>
foam lath is used to prevent heat, protect the cold and insulation materials, the foam will be aged and deteriorated to proce formaldehyde under the action of light and heat. p>
generic cabling system for building and campus is the transmission network in buildings or buildings, and is the "information highway" in buildings. It not only connects the voice and data communication equipment, switching equipment and other information management systems with each other, but also connects these equipment with the external communication network. It includes all the cables and associated wiring components between the connection point on the line from the building to the external network or telephone office and the voice and data terminals in the working area
generic cabling system (PDS) is the infrastructure of digital information system for intelligent office construction. It is a structured cabling system that unifies the planning and design of all voice, data and other systems, provides information and intelligent material medium for office, and supports the comprehensive application of voice, data, graphics and multimedia in the future.
(2) be familiar with the basic knowledge of network operating system< (3) understand the design and development methods of computer application system< (4) be familiar with the basic knowledge of data communication
(5) be familiar with the basic knowledge of system security and data security< (6) master the basic technology of network security and the main security protocols and security systems< (7) master the basic principles of computer network architecture and network protocol< (8) master the standardization knowledge related to computer network
(9) master the networking technology of LAN, and understand the basic technology of man and WAN
(10) master computer network interconnection technology
(11) master the networking method and network application service technology of TCP / IP protocol network
(12) understand access network and access technology
(13) master the basic principles and operation methods of network management
(14) familiar with basic performance testing and optimization technology of network system, as well as reliability design technology
(15) understand the basic principles and technologies of network applications
(16) understand the new network technology and its development trend
(17) understand the laws and regulations related to intellectual property and Internet
(18) read and understand English materials in this field correctly
2. The qualified personnel who pass the examination at the same level can plan and design the network system and install and debug the software and hardware of the network equipment according to the requirements of the application department, can carry out the operation, maintenance and management of the network system, and can manage the network resources efficiently, reliably and safely; As a network professional, provide technical support and guidance for system development; Have the practical working ability and professional level of engineer, can guide assistant engineer to engage in the construction and management of network system< (1) computer and network knowledge, the examination time is 150 minutes, written examination
(2) network system design and management, the examination time is 150 minutes, written examination< 2. Examination scope
examination subject 1: computer and network knowledge
1. Computer system knowledge
1.1 hardware knowledge
1.1.1 computer structure
· computer composition (arithmetic unit, controller, memory, memory, I / O unit)
· instruction system (instruction, addressing mode, CISC, RISC)
· multiprocessor (tightly coupled system Loosely coupled system, array processor, al computer system, synchronization)
· processor performance
1.1.2 memory
· storage media (semiconctor memory, magnetic memory, optical memory)
· storage system
· main memory and auxiliary memory
· main memory type, main memory capacity and performance
· main memory configuration (main memory parity, cross access, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main memory, multi-level main Main memory protection system)
· cache
· performance and capacity calculation of auxiliary memory devices
1.1.3 I / O structure and devices
· I / O interface (interrupt, DMA, channel, SCSI, parallel interface, universal interface bus, RS-232, USB, IEEE1394, infrared interface, I / O control system Channel)
· input / output device types and characteristics
1.1.4 basic knowledge of embedded system
1.2 operating system knowledge
1.2.1 basic concepts
· operating system definition, characteristics, functions and classification (batch, time-sharing, real-time, network, etc.) Distributed)
· multiprogramming
· kernel and interrupt control
· process and thread
1.2.2 processor management, storage management, device management, file management, job management
· process state and transition
· scheling algorithm (time-sharing rotation, priority, preemption)
· deadlock
· storage management scheme (segmentation and paging, virtual memory Page replacement algorithm)
· technology related to device management (spooling, buffering, DMA, bus, plug and play)
· file management
· sharing and security (sharing mode, reliability and security, recovery processing, protection mechanism)
· job status and transition
· job scheling algorithm (first come first service, short job first, short job first, short job first) High response ratio first)
1.3 system configuration method
1.3.1 system configuration technology
· system architecture mode (2-tier, 3-tier and multi-tier C / s and B / s systems)
· system configuration method (al machine, plex, hot backup, fault tolerance, tightly coupled multiprocessor, loosely coupled multiprocessor)
· processing mode (centralized, distributed, batch processing, real-time system Web computing, mobile computing)
1.3.2 system performance
· performance design (system adjustment, response characteristics)
· performance index, performance evaluation (test benchmark, system monitor)
1.3.3 system reliability
· reliability calculation (MTBF, MTTR, availability, failure rate)
· reliability design (fail safe, soft failure, failure rate) Distribution and prediction of component reliability and system reliability Usability and maintainability)
2. Basic knowledge of system development and operation
2.1 basic knowledge of system development
2.1.1 requirement analysis and design method
· requirement analysis
· structural analysis and design
· object oriented design
· mole design, I / O design, human-computer interface design
2.1.2 development environment
· development tools (design tools Programming tools, test tools, case)
· centralized development environment
2.1.3 test review method
· test method
· review method
· test design and management method (injection fault, system test)
2.1.4 basic knowledge of project management
· making project plan
· quality plan, management and evaluation
· process management (PERT Chart, system test)
Gantt chart, work breakdown structure, progress control, critical path)
· configuration management
· personnel planning and management
· document management (document specification, change proceres)
· development organization and role (development team members, project managers)
· cost management and risk management
2.1.5 system auditability
· audit methods Audit trail
· inclusion and auditability in the system
2.2 knowledge of system operation and maintenance
2.2.1 system operation
· system operation management (computer system, network)
· system cost management
· system operation (job scheling, data I / O management, data I / O management, etc.) Operation manual)
· user management (ID registration and management)
· equipment and facility management (power supply, air-conditioning equipment, equipment management, facility safety and management)
· system fault management (handling proceres, monitoring, recovery process, preventive measures)
· safety management
· performance management
· system operation tools (automatic operation tools Monitoring tools, diagnostic tools)
· system transformation (running phase, running test, version control)
· system operation service standard
2.2.2 system maintenance
· maintenance type (perfect maintenance, corrective maintenance, adaptive maintenance, preventive maintenance)
· implementation of maintenance (daily inspection, regular maintenance, preventive maintenance After maintenance, remote maintenance)
· hardware maintenance, software maintenance, maintenance contract
3. Network technology
3.1 network architecture
· network topology
· OSI / RM
· application layer protocol (FTP, Telnet, SNMP, DHCP, pop, SMTP, HTTP)
· transport layer protocol (TCP, UDP)
· network layer protocol IP (IP address Subnet mask)
· data link layer protocol (ARP, RARP, PPP, slip)
· physical address (unicast, broadcast, multicast)
3.2 coding and transmission
3.2.1 molation and coding
· am, FM, PM, QAM
· PCM, sampling
3.2.2 transmission technology
· communication mode (simplex / half plex / full plex, serial / parallel, IP / IP) 2-wire / 4-wire)
· error control (CRC, Hamming code, parity check, bit error rate)
· synchronization control (start stop synchronization, syn synchronization, flag synchronization, frame synchronization)
· multiplexing (FDM, TDM, WDM)
· compression and decompression methods (JPEG, MPEG, MH, Mr, MMR Run length)
3.2.3 transmission control
· contention system
· polling / selection system
· basic protocol, multi link protocol, transmission control character, line control
· HDLC
3.2.4 switching technology (circuit switching, store and forward, packet switching, ATM switching Frame relay)
3.2.5 public network and leased line
3.3 network
3.3.2 network classification
· by Region (LAN, man, WAN)
· by service (Internet, intranet)
· by transmission media (telephone, data, video)
· by telecommunication network (resident, access, network) Backbone)
3.3.2 LAN
· LAN topology (bus type, star type, ring type)
· access control system (CSMA / CD, token ring, token bus)
· LAN connection, LAN WAN connection, peer-to-peer connection Point to point connection
· high speed LAN technology (Gigabit Ethernet)
· infinite LAN
3.3.3 man common structure
3.3.4 Wan and remote transmission service
· leased line service, line switching service, packet switching service
· ISDN, VPN, frame relay, ATM, IP connection service
· satellite communication service, mobile communication service International communication service
3.3.5 Internet
· Internet concept (Internet equipment, TCP / IP, IP routing, DNS, proxy server)
· e-mail (protocol, mailing list)
· web (HTTP, browser, URL, HTML, XML)
· file transfer (FTP)
· search engine (full text search, directory search, directory search Intelligent search)
· QoS, CGI, VoIP
3.3.6 access network and access technology
3.3.7 network performance
· calculation of line performance (transmission speed, line utilization rate, line capacity, traffic volume Traffic design)
· performance evaluation
· application of queuing theory
3.4 network communication equipment
3.4.1 transmission medium and communication cable
· wired / wireless medium (twisted pair, coaxial cable, optical fiber; Radio wave, light, infrared)
· distribution frame (IDF), main distribution frame (MDF)
3.4.2 all kinds of communication equipment
· line terminal equipment, multi-channel equipment, switching equipment, switching equipment
· line connection equipment (modem, DSU, NCU, Ta, CCU, PBX)
3.5 network connection equipment
· Internet connection equipment (gateway, bridge Spanning tree bridge, source routing bridge, router, repeater, hub, switch)
3.6 network software system
3.6.1 network operating system
· function, classification and characteristics of network operating system
· network device driver (ODL NDIS)
· system function call of network communication (socket API)
· RPC
· TP monitor
· distributed file system
· network device function
3.6.2 network management
· functional domain of network management (security management, configuration management, fault management, performance management, billing management)
· network management