Computational power

1. At present, the situation of middle school students' computing ability is very poor, many teachers complain: "the students' computing ability is too poor, even the simple operation can't pass, and even the students with good mathematical foundation often make mistakes." There are many reasons for these situations. Some students don't know the reason and mechanically the formula; Some of them ignore the results of calculation, blindly dece, and lack the consciousness of reasonable choice of simple operation way; Some students do not pay enough attention to improving their computing ability. They always use "carelessness" as an excuse; There are also quite a number of teachers only focus on the guidance of problem-solving methods and ideas, and ignore the necessary guidance of the rationality and simplicity of the operation process. This not only affects the development of students' thinking ability, but also affects the improvement of teaching quality. In this paper, how to improve students' computing ability, from the following aspects to talk about their own superficial views< 1. Fixed thinking methods have both positive and negative effects in operation. When students master a certain kind of knowledge (method) and get used to thinking with similar old knowledge (method), they will inevitably have inertia of thinking and affect the speed of operation, It makes the operation very complicated

2. Lack of comparative consciousness

comparative consciousness is an important direction to solve problems. There are many ways to solve problems, which requires us to be good at choosing the best. Some students are lack of comparative consciousness. They often find a way to do it. Even if it's tedious, they don't care. They think it's OK to do it right. When commenting on the test questions, the teacher ignores the priority of simple methods among various solutions< In the history of mathematics development, different kinds of operations are graally formed and developed from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract, from low level to high level. Therefore, the understanding and mastering of operation must be orderly and hierarchical step by step. Without mastering the calculation of rational number, it is impossible to master the calculation of real number; Without mastering the calculation of integral, it is impossible to master the calculation of fraction. It is impossible to master infinite computation without mastering finite computation. Without the basis of concrete operation, abstract operation is difficult to realize. It can be seen that the computing ability is graally developed with the graal broadening of knowledge, the deepening of content and the continuous improvement of abstract program. If the development of mathematical content is infinite, then the improvement of operation ability will never end<

the requirements for middle school mathematics operation ability can be roughly divided into two levels: ① accuracy of calculation - basic requirements; ② reasonable, simple and rapid calculation - higher requirements; ③ skill and flexibility of calculation - high standard requirements. In thought, we must fully understand the importance of improving the operation ability, raise the operation skills to the level of ability, and integrate the operation skills with the development of thinking< (2) the comprehensiveness of operational ability

operational ability can neither exist in isolation without specific mathematical knowledge, nor develop independently without other abilities. Operational ability is permeated with memory ability, observation ability, understanding ability, association ability and expression ability, and it also supports mathematical abilities such as logical thinking ability. Therefore, the problem of improving the computing ability is a comprehensive problem. In the teaching process of various subjects in middle school, we should strive to cultivate the computing ability, continuously guide, graally accumulate and improve it.

2. The concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's idea, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
blockchain is the underlying technology of bitcoin. It is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm to establish trust and obtain interests between different nodes in the blockchain system
ICO (initial
coin
offering) is an IPO concept originated from the stock market. It is the behavior of blockchain project to issue token for the first time and raise bitcoin, Ethereum and other common digital currencies
the above is the answer of Heshu Software Co., Ltd. if it is helpful, please adopt it.

4. No, at least you know your problems. You are still young and have a long life. If you want to improve, come on

5. Calculation is a basic skill that every middle school student must master. However, in the normal teaching process, we find that students' calculation ability is generally poor. Many children in the calculation, the lack of basic calculation skills and good calculation habits, always think it is "careless", "careless", "not pay attention" to cause calculation errors, lack of attention, students calculate a low success rate. So how to improve students' computing ability? 1、 Analysis and thinking of the external reasons: 1, junior high school curriculum reform weakened the requirements of calculation; 2. The extensive use of calculator weakens the operation consciousness; 3. Students' burden rection, happy ecation and other teaching ideas hinder the healthy development of students' computing ability; 4. The teacher's teaching strength on operation is not enough, and he pays more attention to thinking than operation. Internal reasons: 1. Don't pay attention to the knowledge reserve, don't pay attention to the foundation, don't pay attention to the inction, reflection and summary of mathematical thinking methods. 2. The concept is vague, students are easy to make mistakes because of the fuzzy concept. 3. The formula and nature memory is not accurate. 4. The data processing ability (calculation, sorting, screening, classification discussion, etc.) is poor, 6. Lack of awareness of testing, reflection and summary of calculation problems. 7. Not careful examination, poor expression ability and nonstandard writing. 8. Poor calculation habit, eager for success and careless. This leads me to think? According to the actual situation of students, how to teach students in accordance with their aptitude, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, take corresponding countermeasures, consciously train and cultivate them. So that students can master the basic calculation skills, have good calculation habits, so as to help students improve the accuracy of calculation? 2、 Strategies to solve the problem: 1; 2. Limited time to do questions; 3. Do the questions in a standard way, and don't jump; 4. Make good use of straw paper; 5. Correct the wrong questions and analyze the reasons; 6. Using simple and reasonable method to do the calculation, so as to improve the accuracy of one-time calculation; 7. Improve the speed of solving problems and the ability of solving problems; 8. Cultivate students' good habit of solving problems and interest in learning mathematics;

6. Your situation is universal and not a big problem. My friend also had a similar problem. She said that when she was in primary school, she hit the top 100, junior high school was also very good, and when she was in senior high school, she was full of loopholes. The knowledge of high school needs relatively complex calculation. There are many factors to be considered in physics and mathematics problems. In fact, it is not "the decline of calculation ability", but too many factors interfere so that the energy of sharing calculation is occupied. Like watching movies and playing games on the computer, the picture quality of the game is much worse than that of the movie, but the game may be the computer crash. That's because computers have more to deal with than "picture quality.". It's the same with your calculations. In fact, it's not just the problem of the topic itself. In the process of growing up, people care about more and more factors. These things may be the interference of your calculation

how to solve it? In addition to more practice, there is no other way, but practice is not blind, to high school to do a problem to have a purpose, before doing a problem, we should first clear what this problem needs to pay attention to: for example, your calculation is easy to make mistakes, then write it step by step; If it's easy to get the title wrong, read it over and over again and tick out the main points. Do a problem to have the value of a problem, what you have to improve, what progress you have to be clear. College entrance examination is to let people become a machine to do questions, and practice makes perfect is the only choice

however, I said that "the machine of making questions" is not the only purpose of high school, but only one of the important purposes of high school. Whether you are a good learner or not does not depend on whether you are a question machine, because everyone is the winner of the college entrance examination. It's about how you become a problem machine. If you are purposeful, what adjustments have you made for the calculation errors, and what efforts have you made for the reading errors, then you can say that you are a good learner; On the contrary, if it is a headless and fly like tactics, then even the number one in the college entrance examination is useless

practice more, prepare the error book (even if it's careless, it's also your weakness, you should know where you are prone to make mistakes, you should write it down), do the problem purposefully (don't care whether you can finish it, care whether it's valuable to finish it), and communicate with teachers and friends more (not just study, don't sink in the sea of problems)

my classmate who has similar problems with you has 300 students in grade one and grade two of senior high school for a long time, and the students in grade three suddenly become less than 100, so he went to Zhejiang University for the college entrance examination. This is part of the experience she told me. I hope it can help you.

7. Oral calculation is a kind of calculation method which can directly calculate the number without calculation tools. It is an important part of computing power. In our daily life, we can say that there is no day without oral calculation, especially some simple decimal calculation. It is convenient, flexible and fast to calculate by mouth. Oral calculation is the basis of estimation and written calculation. Take 496 × 738=， In the vertical calculation, this multiplication problem used a total of 24 basic oral calculations! The poor ability of oral calculation will inevitably affect the accuracy and speed of estimation and written calculation, and affect the form of calculation skills. When students do oral calculation, they should not only listen, but also see, speak, but also calculate. In a sense, it is an organic combination of the four senses of ear, eye, heart and mouth. Oral arithmetic not only promotes students' thinking, but also develops students' attention, understanding, memory and expression ability. Therefore, to improve students' calculation ability, we must grasp the basis of oral arithmetic. Reading relevant books, I have gained some experience in improving pupils' oral arithmetic ability
1. Cultivate students' interest in oral arithmetic
"interest is the best teacher". In the teaching of oral arithmetic, we should also stimulate students' interest and make them happy to do so, so as to continuously improve the accuracy of oral arithmetic. For example, games, competitions and other forms can be adopted to arouse students' interest and improve their oral calculation ability
2. Enhance the students' perseverance in learning
mental arithmetic itself is relatively boring, and some students will have resistance over time. In teaching, we can introce the story of Chinese and foreign mathematicians to students. For example, Chen Jingrun, a famous mathematician in China, used several sacks of draft paper when he studied Goldbach's conjecture. By introcing the hard work of mathematicians, we can inspire students to love their motherland and mathematics, set up lofty ideals from childhood, enhance students' perseverance in learning, and cultivate their good quality of hard work
3. Cultivating students' good habits
good study habits is the guarantee to improve the accuracy of oral arithmetic. Therefore, we should try our best to correct students' learning attitude and cultivate their good learning habits. Of course, in teaching, we should pay attention to carefully analyze the students' personality differences according to the actual situation of the students in the class, correct the mistakes in time, effectively prevent the mistakes, and persistently do a good job in the teaching of oral arithmetic, which will graally improve the students' oral arithmetic ability
4
carry addition, abdication subtraction, in table multiplication and division within 20 should enable students to achieve the proficiency of "blurting out without thinking". 3-5 minutes of oral arithmetic training should be carried out every day. The forms should be flexible and diversified, and the training should be targeted, purposeful and planned in combination with the teaching content
5. Pay attention to the analysis of wrong questions
when students make mistakes in calculation, they must be guided to analyze the causes of the mistakes, find the root of the mistakes and correct them in time. For repeated mistakes, teachers can choose typical mistakes, organize students to observe, think, analyze and communicate with each other. Through collective "consultation", teachers can not only achieve the effect of "treating" but also "preventing" diseases. Usually,

8. The training ways of operation ability are as follows:

1. Accurately understand and firmly grasp the concepts, properties, formulas, rules and some commonly used data required by various operations; The deep understanding of concepts, properties, formulas and rules directly affects the choice of methods and the speed of operation. The concept is fuzzy, the formula and the rule are ambiguous, which will certainly affect the accuracy of the operation. In order to improve the speed of operation, it is necessary to memorize some commonly used data. For example, the square of natural number within 20, simple Pythagorean number, special trigonometric function value,,,,, LG2, Lg3, e accurate to approximate value of 0.001, etc< Second, master the general methods and rules of operation, and flexibly use concepts, properties, formulas and rules for operation. Teachers can combine the content of teaching materials, compile and collect some flexible exercises, cultivate the flexibility of students' calculation, and guide students to collect, summarize and accumulate experience to form skilled skills, so as to improve the simplicity and rapidity of calculation< Third, pay attention to the typical demonstration of teachers and examples, and make clear the goal of solving problems, the steps of calculation and the basis. Through the typical demonstration, the transition from understanding knowledge to application knowledge is relatively smooth, thus forming the computing ability< The essence of mathematical operation is to dece the result from the known data and formula according to the definition and properties of operation, which is also a process of reasoning. Whether the operation is correct or not depends on whether the reasoning is correct. If the reasoning is not correct, the operation will be wrong. We should pay special attention to the equivalent transformation in operational reasoning< 5. Pay attention to the training of the ability of identity transformation of number and form

1. Sign transformation, for example, sign transformation when removing brackets and adding brackets

2. Reciprocal transformation, such as addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, power and root, differential and integral, etc

3. For example, A2 + B2 = (a + b) 2-2ab, etc< For example, given X-Y = 3, Y-Z = 5, finding x-z can decompose x-z = (X-Y) + (Y-Z)< For example, introcing auxiliary elements, constructing auxiliary functions, adding auxiliary lines, adding parameters and so on< Sixth, strengthen the operation practice. Any ability is formed and developed in certain practical activities. In order to effectively improve the students' operation ability, we must strengthen the practice. The practice should be purposeful, systematic and typical. Through changing, changing, solving and using one question, we can cultivate the proficiency, accuracy, flexibility and organization of calculation. In the form of question group training

9. 1、 Strengthen the training of oral calculation and estimation, and constantly improve the speed and accuracy of calculation
oral calculation is the basis of written calculation, and the ability of oral calculation is an important part of the ability of calculation. Scientific organization of oral calculation training is concive to improving the speed and accuracy of written calculation. First of all, the practice of oral arithmetic should be done every day, persevere, and graally achieve that practice makes perfect. Secondly, we should strengthen the practice of listening, calculating and estimating. Each person should prepare a listening and arithmetic book and do listening and arithmetic training for 3 minutes before class every day. In this way, students can not only be trained in listening, but also concentrate on their study in a short time and improve their calculation ability< Second, improve students' interest in computing, cultivate good willpower and overcome fear of difficulties
1. It is helpful to arouse students' learning initiative and enthusiasm, improve their interest in calculation, and improve the accuracy of calculation by properly carrying out some calculation competitions
2. Students are required to complete the calculation in one go, from examining, calculating to writing, without looking around in the middle
3. We should strengthen the exercise of will, cultivate students' sense of responsibility and self-confidence, and strive to solve and solve one problem
4. No matter how difficult or complex the problem is, we should have the confidence and determination to overcome the difficulty, think carefully and deal with it calmly
Third, strengthen the understanding and memorization of concepts and rules, so that students can perceive the formation process of algorithms in teaching
first of all, teachers should carefully analyze the teaching materials, study the teaching materials, carefully design the teaching process, use a variety of methods to help students understand the calculation theory, correctly handle the relationship between calculation theory and algorithm, so that students not only know the calculation method, but also know the calculation principle of the control method, not only know the nature, but also know the reason. Secondly, the incomprehension of concepts and the unskilled of rules directly lead to calculation errors. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the deep understanding of the calculation rules and memorize them on the basis of deep understanding. When teaching rules, in order to make students remember deeply, some rules can also be compiled into Doggerels or nursery rhymes, so that the memory is more profound and the application is more convenient
Fourth, cultivate good calculation habits
1. Some students scribble, not serious enough, often wrong numbers or symbols, resulting in calculation errors; And some students make mistakes because they don't make drafts and use mental arithmetic. In view of this situation, we require each student to have a draft book, and require them to write neatly when making a draft. We also need to check students' drafts from time to time, praise students who write neatly, accurately and seriously, and promote students to develop a good habit of writing and drafting
2. Cultivate students' habit of serious examination. We should be careful in examining questions. When calculating, we should first observe the characteristics of questions, carefully examine questions, choose reasonable calculation methods, see clearly each number and each operation symbol, and analyze the relationship between data characteristics and operation
3. Be aware of simple calculation. Students can not only calculate correctly, but also reasonably and flexibly. Only in this way can they save time and effort and improve the speed and quality of calculation. For example, calculate 16 × 125 =, the original formula can be changed to 8 × one hundred and twenty-five × 2=1000 × 2 = 2000, which is easy to calculate and save time. Therefore, in normal teaching, we should pay attention to the cultivation of students' consciousness of simple calculation, require students to observe the characteristics of numbers and formulas when facing specific calculation tasks, reasonably use the law of operation or the nature of operation, and consciously carry out simple calculation, which is concive to cultivating students' thinking flexibility and improving calculation ability
4. Form the habit of checking calculation. Cultivating the habit of self-conscious checking can not only see whether the calculation process and results are correct, but also cultivate students' self-evaluation ability, so that students can form a good habit of being careful, strict and serious. During the inspection, we should be patient, careful and check step by step. If we find mistakes and correct them in time, teachers should teach students some common inspection methods. When calculating, try to do one look, two think, three calculate, four check< 5. Carefully design the calculation exercises
1. Targeted exercises. Practice the calculation in this unit or class, and help students find the root of calculation errors in time. If necessary, carry out targeted exercises on students' mistakes
2. Contrast exercises. When the students have a good grasp of this stage of computational learning, they should integrate the calculation related to this stage, which is easy to be confused, so that the students can improve their ability in hybrid computing
3. Practical exercises. The core of primary school mathematics learning is to solve problems, and calculation is the ultimate means to solve problems. Through skilled problem solving, improve the level of students' computing skills< 6. Pay attention to the guidance of classroom practice
when teaching calculation, teachers should not only teach students calculation methods and let students master calculation rules, but also give students more time to practice, strive to practice more in class and complete some homework, especially give timely guidance to students' mistakes in calculation. We need to carefully design and organize some interesting competitions in teaching. For example: to carry out a variety of competition activities, such as "find a friend", "win the red flag", "calculation relay race", "little calculation expert", so that students can improve their calculation ability in interesting learning activities, but also let students feel the infinite mystery of mathematical calculation
it is a long, patient and meticulous process to improve students' computing ability, which is also the goal of mathematics teachers' unremitting pursuit. As long as we adhere to the classroom as the main position to carry out computing teaching activities, starting from the details in teaching, correct guidance, timely discovery, analysis and solution of problems, computing teaching will achieve the desired results.