Force addition
Publish: 2021-04-19 09:42:57
1. Cosmetic surgery, I think it must be your face has been seriously damaged, had to go to plastic surgery, if it is for the so-called beauty to do plastic surgery is really not worth the loss, congenital muscles and the relationship between the man-made damage, the acquired damage repair no matter how can not return to the original state. You can see the state of the elderly after plastic surgery. Therefore, if it is injury plastic surgery, you go to a face-to-face consultation, let the doctor determine the plan, if it is cosmetic plastic surgery, you also need an interview, but you need to put forward your own beauty requirements, that is, according to the existing conditions to change what it looks like, which needs to be prepared for class.
2.
For those pupils with poor grades, it is very difficult to learn primary school mathematics. In fact, primary school mathematics belongs to the basic knowledge, and it is relatively easy to master certain skills. In primary school, it is a period that needs to develop good habits. It is important to pay attention to the cultivation of children's habits and learning ability. What skills do primary school mathematics have
It can be seen from this that the skill of primary school mathematics is to do more exercises and master basic knowledge. In addition, it is mentality. If you can't be timid before the exam, it's very important to adjust your mentality. Therefore, you can follow these skills to improve your ability and make yourself enter the ocean of mathematics3. Born a little agile! Upgrade yourself and add a little sensitivity! It's growing a little bit! Level 62! Counting the growth of itself, there will be 62 points of agility! Because when I was born, I was only a little agile! 4 attribute points are only available from level 2! Then you need to add 1 min from 2J to 62j! Get rid of 1J! It's 61j min! Then you added 61 points of sensitivity yourself! 61 min and 62 min! It's 123 points of agility! The answer is that when you get to 62j, you can add by 3 Ling and 1 min! Agile should have 123 points of agility!
4. Computational ability is the basic ability for students to learn mathematics. It is the basis of learning mathematics. One of the main tasks of primary school mathematics is to cultivate and improve students' computational ability. The accuracy and speed of calculation will directly affect the quality of students' learning, Therefore, the teaching of calculation can not be ignored. How to improve students' calculation ability and make them calculate correctly, quickly, flexibly and reasonably? In the teaching work, I have done some exploration and research, and achieved some good results. I summarize the following points:
first, find problems, and change students' understanding.
in order to make students realize the importance of calculation, I first carried out an activity among students: let students collect the mistakes they often make in calculation, which can be carried out by each student within two weeks, The students' enthusiasm is aroused, and the problem is shaken out:
(1) the title is read wrong, copied wrong, and scribbled
(2) when the column is vertical, the digits are not aligned
(3) do not draft when calculating
(4) one digit addition and subtraction calculation errors lead to errors in the whole question< There are two reasons for carelessness: one is that children's physical and psychological development is not mature enough; the other is that they have not formed good learning habits. The first is a natural growth process; the second is that corresponding methods can be adopted for training, Therefore, while guiding students to analyze the reasons, it is necessary to highlight the cultivation of students' good learning habits, which is the key to improve their computing ability and the basic requirement of quality ecation.
Second, cultivate students' good computing habits. Most of the errors in calculation are caused by careless, careless, scribbled and other bad habits, Good calculation habit is the guarantee to improve the calculation ability. In the calculation training, students are required to do one look, two think, three calculate and four check.
1. Look: they are serious about logarithm. If the questions are copied wrong, how can the results be correct? Therefore, students are required to check with the original question or the previous formula in time when ing questions and calculating each step, so as not to wrong numbers or operation symbols; ② Check the numbers on the vertical type with those on the horizontal type; ③ In addition, the calculation must be accurate first, and then fast.
3. Calculation: write carefully Calculation. The writing of assignments and exercises should be neat, not scribbled, and the format must be standardized. The writing of numbers, decimal points and operation symbols in the title should be in line with the standard, and there should be appropriate intervals between the numbers. The vertical type on the draft should also be aligned and well organized, and the calculation should be focused, not in a hurry or rush.
4, First of all, we should check whether the calculation method is reasonable; Secondly, check whether the numbers and symbols are copied wrong, and whether the decimal point is written wrongly or omitted; Thirdly, we should check and calculate every number and final result in the process of calculation. Therefore, it is an important way to cultivate good learning habits to prevent calculation errors and improve calculation ability.
thirdly, we should cultivate students' oral calculation ability and lay a solid foundation.
oral calculation is a calculation method that directly calculates the number by thinking and memory, It is an important part of the calculation ability, so to improve the students' calculation ability, we must lay a good foundation for oral calculation.
1. In order to improve the accuracy and speed of students' oral calculation, I consciously ask students to remember some special mathematical combinations according to the students' knowledge structure, such as: sum is the whole ten, the whole hundred (73 and 27, 98 and 2, etc.); 2; The proct is two numbers (25) of the whole ten and the whole hundred × 4,125 × 8, etc.); The memory of these calculation results is not only of great help to improve students' calculation accuracy, but also greatly improve students' calculation speed.
2. Arrange exercises in each class. In each math class, depending on the teaching content and students' actual situation, choose an appropriate time, arrange 3-5 minutes of oral calculation exercises, and each student prepares a Book (practice oral calculation every day), so as to carry on for a long time and persevere, It has achieved good results.
3. Various forms of transformation training, such as visual arithmetic training, listening arithmetic training, oral arithmetic, oral arithmetic games, "confrontation race", "relay race" and so on, can improve students' adaptability.
4. Strengthen the teaching of estimation
estimation can cultivate students' sense of number and guide students to understand "operation" in depth, It can help students check whether the calculation result is correct or not. By using the estimation method, the calculation result can be positioned in advance, and the value range of the calculation result can be determined quickly. Through the estimation before calculation and the check after calculation, the errors caused by carelessness can be avoided. Students can see the last bit of the calculation result. If the bits are 3 and 8, the sum of the bits of the result is definitely 1, Multiplication must be 4, such as 13 × Generally speaking, students' mistakes in practice are interlinked and universal. Under the guidance of teachers, some are easier to correct and overcome, while others are more difficult to correct, Especially, this kind of mistake has taken root in my mind. Therefore, I am good at understanding and collecting the problems existing in the written calculation in my daily teaching, selecting common typical mistakes with foresight and pertinence, analyzing and communicating with students, and achieving the purpose of "treating" and "preventing" diseases through collective "consultation"; For those questions that are close and easy to make mistakes, contrast exercises are organized to overcome the negative effect of thinking set, To cultivate students' ability of comparison and discrimination.
I usually design the exercises for students in this way: judge right and wrong → find out the mistakes → analyze the causes of mistakes → correct → summarize the methods of preventing similar mistakes. There are many forms of exercises: do single exercises, such as judgment exercises, find out the mistakes of each question, correct the wrong questions, etc; You can also do comprehensive exercises; All kinds of wrong questions can be printed on the homework paper and sent to students for correction in class, or students can take out their own homework book and wrong question book and re analyze and revise the wrong questions in their homework.
in a word, the cultivation of students' computing ability should be carried out in the whole process of primary school mathematics teaching, which not only strengthens the training of students' basic skills, but also improves the teaching efficiency, At the same time, we should also pay attention to the targeted training of students. As long as we carefully study, constantly summarize and improve our work, and seriously excavate the ability factors in the calculation problems, students' calculation ability will be improved
first, find problems, and change students' understanding.
in order to make students realize the importance of calculation, I first carried out an activity among students: let students collect the mistakes they often make in calculation, which can be carried out by each student within two weeks, The students' enthusiasm is aroused, and the problem is shaken out:
(1) the title is read wrong, copied wrong, and scribbled
(2) when the column is vertical, the digits are not aligned
(3) do not draft when calculating
(4) one digit addition and subtraction calculation errors lead to errors in the whole question< There are two reasons for carelessness: one is that children's physical and psychological development is not mature enough; the other is that they have not formed good learning habits. The first is a natural growth process; the second is that corresponding methods can be adopted for training, Therefore, while guiding students to analyze the reasons, it is necessary to highlight the cultivation of students' good learning habits, which is the key to improve their computing ability and the basic requirement of quality ecation.
Second, cultivate students' good computing habits. Most of the errors in calculation are caused by careless, careless, scribbled and other bad habits, Good calculation habit is the guarantee to improve the calculation ability. In the calculation training, students are required to do one look, two think, three calculate and four check.
1. Look: they are serious about logarithm. If the questions are copied wrong, how can the results be correct? Therefore, students are required to check with the original question or the previous formula in time when ing questions and calculating each step, so as not to wrong numbers or operation symbols; ② Check the numbers on the vertical type with those on the horizontal type; ③ In addition, the calculation must be accurate first, and then fast.
3. Calculation: write carefully Calculation. The writing of assignments and exercises should be neat, not scribbled, and the format must be standardized. The writing of numbers, decimal points and operation symbols in the title should be in line with the standard, and there should be appropriate intervals between the numbers. The vertical type on the draft should also be aligned and well organized, and the calculation should be focused, not in a hurry or rush.
4, First of all, we should check whether the calculation method is reasonable; Secondly, check whether the numbers and symbols are copied wrong, and whether the decimal point is written wrongly or omitted; Thirdly, we should check and calculate every number and final result in the process of calculation. Therefore, it is an important way to cultivate good learning habits to prevent calculation errors and improve calculation ability.
thirdly, we should cultivate students' oral calculation ability and lay a solid foundation.
oral calculation is a calculation method that directly calculates the number by thinking and memory, It is an important part of the calculation ability, so to improve the students' calculation ability, we must lay a good foundation for oral calculation.
1. In order to improve the accuracy and speed of students' oral calculation, I consciously ask students to remember some special mathematical combinations according to the students' knowledge structure, such as: sum is the whole ten, the whole hundred (73 and 27, 98 and 2, etc.); 2; The proct is two numbers (25) of the whole ten and the whole hundred × 4,125 × 8, etc.); The memory of these calculation results is not only of great help to improve students' calculation accuracy, but also greatly improve students' calculation speed.
2. Arrange exercises in each class. In each math class, depending on the teaching content and students' actual situation, choose an appropriate time, arrange 3-5 minutes of oral calculation exercises, and each student prepares a Book (practice oral calculation every day), so as to carry on for a long time and persevere, It has achieved good results.
3. Various forms of transformation training, such as visual arithmetic training, listening arithmetic training, oral arithmetic, oral arithmetic games, "confrontation race", "relay race" and so on, can improve students' adaptability.
4. Strengthen the teaching of estimation
estimation can cultivate students' sense of number and guide students to understand "operation" in depth, It can help students check whether the calculation result is correct or not. By using the estimation method, the calculation result can be positioned in advance, and the value range of the calculation result can be determined quickly. Through the estimation before calculation and the check after calculation, the errors caused by carelessness can be avoided. Students can see the last bit of the calculation result. If the bits are 3 and 8, the sum of the bits of the result is definitely 1, Multiplication must be 4, such as 13 × Generally speaking, students' mistakes in practice are interlinked and universal. Under the guidance of teachers, some are easier to correct and overcome, while others are more difficult to correct, Especially, this kind of mistake has taken root in my mind. Therefore, I am good at understanding and collecting the problems existing in the written calculation in my daily teaching, selecting common typical mistakes with foresight and pertinence, analyzing and communicating with students, and achieving the purpose of "treating" and "preventing" diseases through collective "consultation"; For those questions that are close and easy to make mistakes, contrast exercises are organized to overcome the negative effect of thinking set, To cultivate students' ability of comparison and discrimination.
I usually design the exercises for students in this way: judge right and wrong → find out the mistakes → analyze the causes of mistakes → correct → summarize the methods of preventing similar mistakes. There are many forms of exercises: do single exercises, such as judgment exercises, find out the mistakes of each question, correct the wrong questions, etc; You can also do comprehensive exercises; All kinds of wrong questions can be printed on the homework paper and sent to students for correction in class, or students can take out their own homework book and wrong question book and re analyze and revise the wrong questions in their homework.
in a word, the cultivation of students' computing ability should be carried out in the whole process of primary school mathematics teaching, which not only strengthens the training of students' basic skills, but also improves the teaching efficiency, At the same time, we should also pay attention to the targeted training of students. As long as we carefully study, constantly summarize and improve our work, and seriously excavate the ability factors in the calculation problems, students' calculation ability will be improved
5. Papers are often used to carry out scientific research and describe the results of scientific research. It is not only a means to discuss problems and conct scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements and conct academic exchanges
paper format cover paper often refers to the articles used to carry out scientific research and describe scientific research achievements. It is not only a means to discuss problems and conct scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements and conct academic exchanges. It includes academic year thesis, graation thesis, degree thesis, scientific and technological thesis, achievement thesis and so on, which is called thesis [1]. Paper format refers to the style requirements and writing standards when writing papers. Intuitively speaking, the paper format means that the paper can reach the standard style and content requirements that can be made public
structure
a paper is generally composed of title, author, abstract, key words, text, references and appendix, of which some parts (such as appendix) are optional. The order of the composition of the paper is: title, author, abstract, keywords, English title, English abstract, English keywords, text, references, appendix and thanks.
paper format cover paper often refers to the articles used to carry out scientific research and describe scientific research achievements. It is not only a means to discuss problems and conct scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements and conct academic exchanges. It includes academic year thesis, graation thesis, degree thesis, scientific and technological thesis, achievement thesis and so on, which is called thesis [1]. Paper format refers to the style requirements and writing standards when writing papers. Intuitively speaking, the paper format means that the paper can reach the standard style and content requirements that can be made public
structure
a paper is generally composed of title, author, abstract, key words, text, references and appendix, of which some parts (such as appendix) are optional. The order of the composition of the paper is: title, author, abstract, keywords, English title, English abstract, English keywords, text, references, appendix and thanks.
6. The method of adding and subtracting within 100 is widely used in daily life, and one of the important goals of learning this part is to ensure the basic operation skills. The method of adding and subtracting within 100 is more complex than that of adding and subtracting within 20, so its speed should be slightly lower than that of adding and subtracting within 20. In order to improve the calculation ability of the method of adding and subtracting within one hundred, first of all, through the students' hands-on operation, they should master the calculation method they like. The calculation process is graally compressed from the beginning to the end. Finally, they can calculate the number without deliberate thinking, which requires a process of practice. Besides a certain number of formula exercises, according to the characteristics of lower grade children, the textbook designs various forms of exercises for addition and subtraction calculation, so as to ensure basic operation skills in rich and colorful activities.
7. The first stage (Grade 1-3) 1. Combined with specific situations, experience the significance of four arithmetic operations of integers.
2. Be proficient in oral arithmetic of addition and subtraction within 20 and multiplication and division within the table, addition and subtraction within 100 and multiplication and division of one digit by two digits.
3. Be able to calculate addition and subtraction of three digits, multiplication of one digit by three digits and multiplication of two digits by two digits, 3-digit divided by 1-digit division.
4. Know the parentheses and be able to carry out simple mixed operation of four integers (two steps).
5. Be able to add and subtract fractions with the same denominator (denominator less than 10) and add and subtract fractions with one digit.
6. Be able to estimate in combination with specific situations,
7. Experience the process of communicating with others about their own algorithms.
8. Be able to solve simple problems in life by using numbers and number operations, and explain the practical significance of the results.
second stage (grade 4-6)
1. Be able to calculate the multiplication of three digits by two digits, and the division of three digits by two digits.
2, Be able to carry out simple integer four mixed operations (mainly in two steps, no more than three steps).
3. Explore and understand the operation law (commutative law and associative law of addition, commutative law and associative law of multiplication, and distributive law of multiplication to addition), and be able to use the operation law to carry out some simple operations.
4 The inverse relationship between multiplication and division.
5. Be able to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and mixed operation of decimal and fraction (excluding fraction).
6. Be able to solve simple practical problems of decimal, fraction and percentage.
7. In specific situation, understand the common quantity relationship: total price = unit price × Quantity, distance = speed × Time, and can solve simple practical problems.
8. Experience the process of communicating with others, and can express their own ideas.
9. In the process of solving problems, can choose the appropriate method to estimate.
10. With the help of calculator, can solve simple practical problems, and explore simple rules
2. Be proficient in oral arithmetic of addition and subtraction within 20 and multiplication and division within the table, addition and subtraction within 100 and multiplication and division of one digit by two digits.
3. Be able to calculate addition and subtraction of three digits, multiplication of one digit by three digits and multiplication of two digits by two digits, 3-digit divided by 1-digit division.
4. Know the parentheses and be able to carry out simple mixed operation of four integers (two steps).
5. Be able to add and subtract fractions with the same denominator (denominator less than 10) and add and subtract fractions with one digit.
6. Be able to estimate in combination with specific situations,
7. Experience the process of communicating with others about their own algorithms.
8. Be able to solve simple problems in life by using numbers and number operations, and explain the practical significance of the results.
second stage (grade 4-6)
1. Be able to calculate the multiplication of three digits by two digits, and the division of three digits by two digits.
2, Be able to carry out simple integer four mixed operations (mainly in two steps, no more than three steps).
3. Explore and understand the operation law (commutative law and associative law of addition, commutative law and associative law of multiplication, and distributive law of multiplication to addition), and be able to use the operation law to carry out some simple operations.
4 The inverse relationship between multiplication and division.
5. Be able to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and mixed operation of decimal and fraction (excluding fraction).
6. Be able to solve simple practical problems of decimal, fraction and percentage.
7. In specific situation, understand the common quantity relationship: total price = unit price × Quantity, distance = speed × Time, and can solve simple practical problems.
8. Experience the process of communicating with others, and can express their own ideas.
9. In the process of solving problems, can choose the appropriate method to estimate.
10. With the help of calculator, can solve simple practical problems, and explore simple rules
8. In the face of such a well prepared classroom, in the face of such mistakes, what should we do? In addition to thinking from the perspective of students in the future, what is more important is to rectify this error resource at present. We can grasp typical examples and analyze with students where the error lies, whether it is a careless error, a method error, or other errors. Let students also reflect on their own mistakes in the homework, so that in the future homework can avoid such mistakes. Because the content of the calculation problem is different from other content of learning, he wants students to develop the habit of doing the problem carefully. Therefore, it is very important to correct mistakes and let students form the habit of learning better on the road of catching mistakes. Teachers must not give up such teaching resources.
9. It's the same as rational numbers. If the denominator is different, first find the least common multiple of the denominator, then expand the two fractions to get the same denominator, and then add and subtract the molecules. That's the answer. Sometimes don't forget to rece
10. Operation ability: be able to perform correct operation, deformation and data processing according to rules and formulas
be able to find and design a reasonable and simple operation way according to the conditions and objectives of the problem
be able to estimate and approximate the data according to the requirements<
operation ability is the combination of thinking ability and operation skill.
operation includes logarithm calculation, estimation and approximate calculation, combination deformation and decomposition deformation of formula, calculation and solution of geometric quantities of geometric figure, etc.
be able to find and design a reasonable and simple operation way according to the conditions and objectives of the problem
be able to estimate and approximate the data according to the requirements<
operation ability is the combination of thinking ability and operation skill.
operation includes logarithm calculation, estimation and approximate calculation, combination deformation and decomposition deformation of formula, calculation and solution of geometric quantities of geometric figure, etc.
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