Yantai Development Zone to which shopping center
looking back on the development path of the online loan instry, we can see that it was once filled with smoke, corpses and blood. The main reason that hinders the development of online lending instry and causes the risk of online lending instry is the establishment of transaction trust. From the era of hunting economy to the era of new economy, human beings have been looking for ways to rece the uncertainty between each other, so as to promote trade more quickly and safely. Douglas North, the great Nobel economist who has been dead for a long time, has been devoted to this research and created "new institutional economics". Banks, small loan companies and online lending institutions are also studying and improving the information audit mechanism for borrowers, such as the common identity information audit, ecation information audit, credit information audit, social relationship information audit, etc. Even so, in the connection between borrowers and lenders, the trust foundation is not solid, so vehicle mortgage, credit information audit and social relationship information audit are needed Housing mortgage and other ways to increase personal credit.
Panic index = CBOE volatility index
VIX is a weighted average of implied volatility of index options, which was introced by CBOE in 1993note: panic index = CBOE volatility index
the formation of implied volatility smile is because the volatility of parity series is lower than that of out of price series, and market participants are more willing to avoid risks when the index falls than when the index rises. Therefore, when the index falls, the hedging demand for buying put options will increase, and at the same time, it also pushes up the implied volatility of deep out of price put options. VIX reflects the views of option market participants on the degree of market volatility, so it is often used to judge the adverse trend index of market long short
when the VIX is higher, it indicates that market participants expect more intense volatility in the future, and also reflects their uneasy psychological state; On the contrary, if the VIX is lower, it reflects the market participants' expectation that the volatility will tend to ease in the future. Therefore, VIX is also known as the investor fear gauge. When the index goes down, VIX usually goes up, while when the index goes up, VIX goes down. From another point of view, when the VIX is abnormally high or low, it means that market participants are in extreme panic and buy put options regardless of the cost, or are excessively optimistic and do not take any risk aversion actions, which is often the message that the market is about to reverse
The index ofVIX is mainly listed by S & amp; The implied volatility derived from the option premium price of P500 index is compiled by using the interpolation method. Because the implied volatility mainly reflects the market investors' expectation of future index volatility, it also means that when the VIX Index is higher, it means that investors expect the future index volatility will increase. On the contrary, when the VIX Index goes down, it also means that investors expect that the fluctuation of the index will slow down in the future, and the index will fall into a narrow trading pattern. Therefore, VIX not only represents the views of most people in the market on the fluctuation of the index in the future, but also clearly reveals the changes in the market's expected psychology, so it is also called investor panic index
in the past, scholars have studied the relationship between VIX Index and VIX Index, and obtained two characteristics:
first, VIX Index has the characteristics of recovery; second, the dynamics of VIX Index and S & amp; P-index returns show a positive correlation trend. However, the past data from 2003 to now show that S & amp; There is a positive correlation between the return rate of P500 index and VIX Index
How to interpret the VIX Index effectively; A very interesting phenomenon can be found in the trend chart of P500 index. When the VIX Index rises rapidly and the index is also in a downward trend, it usually means that the index is not far from the bottom. On the contrary, when the VIX Index has come to a low position and started to move upward, and at the same time, the market index position is also in a long track, which means that the time of the future market index reversal is approaching. It has been observed that the VIX Index is a synchronous indicator for buying signals and a lagging indicator for selling signalsthe trend of the stock index does not have a certain track, but with the characteristics of the VIX Index, combined with the news and other technical indicators at that time, the probability of predicting the future trend of the index will be improved, and the performance of the operation will also be improved
sometimes we find VIX Index and S & amp; The trend of the P500 index is not exactly the opposite. Why
let's go back to the definition first:
the panic index VIX is "S & amp; The implied volatility of the P500 index in the next 30 days
can be obtained from S & amp; The price of P500 index futures options is calculated. According to the past trend, the panic index reflects the market's confidence in the future stock market to some extent; Volatility & quot; It's our expectation. So when the stock market is affected by bad news & quot; Sharp drop & quot; The panic index (i.e. the expected volatility) will rise rapidly when the market price rises. However, if we compare the daily trend of the stock market with that of the panic index, we can't make a complete correspondence between the daily trend of the stock market and that of the panic index within the same day, because logically there is no need for a complete correspondence between them, so & quot; Sometimes there is a big difference between the rise and fall of stock market and the trend of panic index; This is a phenomenon
because the stock market and options are not the same market, but they are not one-to-one correspondence
therefore, the panic index can only be used to observe the reaction of the market (strictly speaking, the option market) to the expected news or event in a long period of time
Limited by space and power, mobile phone CPU can't be as powerful as computer CPU. But there are also differences between mobile phone system and computer system. It's OK to run smoothly. At least it's OK to run a single application. It's just that you can't run multiple programs at the same time as a computer
However, there is no comparability between the CPU of mobile phone and that of computer. The two can complement each other instead of becoming opposites. It's convenient for mobile phone to process information. If the mobile phone can't handle it, it will be handed over to the computer. For example, mapping, complex operations, and so on
extended data:
as long as the CPU architecture is different, the amount of calculation in each cycle is different. The real computing power of CPU should be equal to the amount of single cycle computing × Operating frequency
because the present CPUs are all multi-core CPUs, the frequency of multi-core can not be superimposed, but the performance can be superimposed. In theory, the maximum performance can really achieve "one cycle computing power" × Operating frequency × Core number ", but most of the time in the actual use of the process can not achieve this effect
The frameworks with different architectures are also different. One is the X86 framework, the other is the arm box. The CPU of the mobile phone pays special attention to power saving. The CPU of the computer is heated to 100 degrees, and a good radiator is heated to 100 degrees. It's not afraid of falling down. The CPU of the mobile phone is very hot at 40 and 50 degrees. Because of the volume and other reasons, the heat control is very good
Architecture differences:1. The mainstream of mobile phone CPU is ARM architecture, while computer CPU is x86 architecture. Architecture is just like the frame of a building. As for what the final house looks like and how comfortable it is, it is up to the processor manufacturers themselves. Due to the different positioning, the CPU of mobile phone needs low power consumption and low cost
so with arm architecture, the computing power of such CPU is much lower than that of computer CPU, and the difference of floating-point computing power of CPU with the same frequency is thousands to tens of thousands of times
Main frequency speed:1. There is a certain relationship between the main frequency and the actual operation speed
But at present, there is no definite formula that can quantify the numerical relationship between the two, because the CPU speed depends on the performance indicators of all aspects of the CPU pipeline (cache, instruction set, CPU bits, etc.). The different CPU parameter architecture of mobile phone determines the different speed. Under the same main frequency, the computing power of computer CPU is tens to hundreds of times higher than that of mobile phone CPU3. Run ram. The larger the ram, the faster it is to run large games and multithreaded programs. For example, two processors with the same main frequency of 1.5GHz, under the same conditions, the processor with 1GB ram is faster than the processor with 512MB ram. Mobile phone mainstream 1g, computer mainstream 8g
The core differences are as follows:1; The computer's multi-core processor refers to the integration of multiple computing cores in a processor, through mutual cooperation, mutual cooperation can deal with the same thing, is a number of parallel indivials packaged together
2. When dealing with the same thing, the CPU computing power of mobile phone is not enhanced. For example, Apple's al core processor is better than most of the same frequency four core processors
network mobile phone processor
The main difference is architecture difference: the mainstream of mobile CPU is ARM architecture, while the computer CPU is x86 architecture. Architecture is just like the frame of a building. As for what the final house looks like and how comfortable it is, it is up to the processor manufacturers themselves. Due to the different positioning, the CPU of mobile phone needs low power consumption and low cost. So using ARM architecture, the computing power of such CPU is much lower than that of computer CPU, and the floating-point computing power of CPU with the same frequency is thousands to tens of thousands of times
Second, process. The difference is not big. The mainstream CPU of mobile phone is 28nm, and that of computer is 22nm. Although the computer is slightly higher, the development speed of mobile phone CPU is faster Third, the main frequency speed. The main frequency of CPU indicates the speed of digital pulse signal oscillation in CPU, which is not directly related to the actual computing power of CPU. There is a certain relationship between the main frequency and the actual operation speed, but at present there is no definite formula to quantify the numerical relationship between them, because the operation speed of CPU depends on all aspects of the performance indicators of the CPU pipeline (cache, instruction set, CPU bits, etc.). The different CPU parameter architecture of mobile phone determines the different speed. Under the same main frequency, the computing power of computer CPU is tens to hundreds of times higher than that of mobile phone CPU Fourth, run memory RAM. The larger the ram, the faster it is to run large games and multithreaded programs. For example, two processors with the same main frequency of 1.5GHz, under the same conditions, the processor with 1GB ram is faster than the processor with 512MB ram. Mobile phone mainstream 1g, computer mainstream 8g (5) the difference between multinuclei. In fact, multi-core mobile phone should be called multi CPU, which encapsulates multiple CPU chips to deal with different things; The computer's multi-core processor refers to the integration of multiple computing cores in a processor, through mutual cooperation, mutual cooperation can deal with the same thing, is a number of parallel indivials packaged together. In dealing with the same thing, the CPU computing power of mobile phone is not enhanced. For example, Apple's al core processor is better than most of the same frequency four core processorsfrom the above comparison, we can know that you can't buy a mobile phone only by looking at the CPU. The four core and eight core are just a gimmick for business promotion... Mobile terminal procts are growing rapidly, but there is still a long way to go to replace desktop computers
