Why does go armour kidney walk center

1. Norepinephrine is mainly used in septic shock. The hemodynamic characteristics of septic shock are high output, low resistance and loss of peripheral resistance. Norepinephrine can contract peripheral blood vessels, increase peripheral resistance and maintain blood pressure. The commonly used dose is 0.01ug/kg/min-0.1ug/kg/min by continuous intravenous pumping, which can be used to 3UG / kg / min in emergency rescue. Two points should be paid attention to in continuous intravenous infusion of norepinephrine: 1; 2. Invasive continuous arterial blood pressure monitoring should be established.

2. Epinephrine is the main hormone in adrenal mella. Its biosynthesis is mainly through the formation of norepinephrine (normal kidney) in mellary chromium cells, and then through the action of phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase (PNMT), norepinephrine is methylated to form epinephrine (accessory kidney)
these two hormones are the procts of Western medicine, which is not found in our native medicine. They are foreign words. When they were translated, they were named according to the traditional Chinese principle that the first appeared is positive, and the second appeared is vice versa. However, many unreasonable factors of the old term have been graally abandoned, such as parathyroid = parathyroid, kidney and accessory kidney are a few old terms that are still used today. When we write this article, we can still use the positive and accessory kidney in Chinese, but it has not been corrected. When we go back to English, it is still the original English word. There is no international theory of positive and accessory kidney.

3. Epinephrine is the main hormone in adrenal mella. Its biosynthesis is mainly through the formation of norepinephrine (normal kidney) in mellary chromium cells, and then through the action of phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase (PNMT), norepinephrine is methylated to form epinephrine (accessory kidney).

4. Hello, the lower limit of normal blood pressure is 90 / 60, and then low is hypotension, generally 80 / 50, it's not necessary

5.

Norepinephrine is mainly associated with α It can also bind to the receptors of myocardium β 1 receptor binding, but with vascular smooth muscle β 2 receptor binding ability is weak

The results showed that norepinephrine could make the blood vessels constrict and the arterial blood pressure rise; The increase of blood pressure can strengthen the baroreflex activity, because the effect of baroreflex on the heart is more than that of demethylation. According to the characteristics of their actions, epinephrine is often used as a cardiotonic in clinic, and norepinephrine is often used as a pressor

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when hypotension with hypovolemia, norepinephrine should be used after replenishing blood volume, but it can be used first or combined in emergency to improve blood pressure and prevent cerebral and coronary insufficiency. If it is used with whole blood or plasma, it should be infused separately or two containers connected with a Y-shaped tube

adrenaline and noradrenaline in blood are mainly secreted by adrenal mella. The effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on heart and blood vessels are both common and special, because they have different binding ability with different adrenergic receptors on the membrane of myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells

6. Norepinephrine can also significantly enhance myocardial contractility, increase heart rate and cardiac output; In addition to the coronary artery, the small arteries contract strongly, causing a significant increase in peripheral resistance and blood pressure, so it is often used as a pressor in clinic. However, when norepinephrine is given intravenously in the intact body, the heart rate usually slows down. This is e to the effect that norepinephrine can significantly increase peripheral resistance and increase hypertension, and slow down heart rate through baroreceptor reflex

7. Difference between epinephrine and norepinephrine: epinephrine and norepinephrine in blood are mainly secreted by adrenal mella. Their effects on heart and blood vessels have both generality and particularity. This is because they have different binding ability with different adrenergic receptors on the membrane of myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Epinephrine can increase heart rate, myocardial contractility and cardiac output by binding with corresponding receptors on myocardial cell membrane; After binding with the corresponding receptors on the membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells, the blood vessels of skin, kidney and gastrointestinal tract contract. However, for the blood vessels of skeletal muscle and liver, physiological concentration makes them relax, and large dose makes them contract. Therefore, normal physiological concentration of epinephrine has little effect on peripheral resistance. Norepinephrine can also significantly enhance myocardial contractility, increase heart rate and cardiac output; In addition to the coronary artery, the small arteries contract strongly, causing a significant increase in peripheral resistance and blood pressure, so it is often used as a pressor in clinic. However, when norepinephrine is given intravenously in the intact body, the heart rate usually slows down. This is e to the effect that norepinephrine can significantly increase the peripheral resistance and raise the blood pressure, and slow down the heart rate through baroreceptor reflex, thus masking the direct effect of norepinephrine on the heart. Function: mainly excited α Receptors, right β The activation of receptor is very weak, and it has a strong vasoconstrictive effect, which makes the whole body small arteries and small veins contract (but the coronary artery dilates), the peripheral resistance increases, and the blood pressure rises. The effect of stimulating heart and inhibiting smooth muscle is weaker than adrenaline. In clinic, it is mainly used to increase blood pressure and ensure blood supply to important organs (such as brain)& lt;/ P>& lt; P> The use time should not be too long, otherwise it can cause continuous strong contraction of blood vessels and aggravate tissue hypoxia. Phentolamine can improve the blood supply of shock tissue by antagonizing the excessive vasoconstriction. Usage and dosage: (1) intravenous drip: dilute before use, 4-10 times per minute μ g. Adjust the dosage according to the patient's condition. 1-2mg of normal saline or 5% glucose can be added into 100ml of intravenous drip. The infusion speed can be controlled according to the situation. When the blood pressure rises to the required level, slow down the infusion speed to maintain the blood pressure in the normal range. If the effect is not good, other pressor drugs should be used. In critical cases, 1-2mg can be diluted to 10-20ml, which can be slowly pushed into the vein. At the same time, the dosage can be adjusted according to the blood pressure. When the blood pressure rises, it can be maintained by infusion& lt;/ P>& lt; P> 2) Oral administration: for upper gastrointestinal bleeding, take 1-3ml (1-3mg) of injection each time, three times a day, and add appropriate amount of cold saline& lt;/ P>& lt; P>

8. Norepinephrine has no effect on blood pressure α The receptor has a strong excitatory effect on the heart β The effect of 1 receptor is weak, and the effect of 1 receptor is weak β 2 receptor had little effect 1 Vascular activation α 1 receptor, vasoconstrictor. The most obvious vasoconstriction was found in the skin and mucosa, followed by the renal vessels. In addition, the blood vessels of brain, liver, mesentery and even skeletal muscle also showed contractile response 2 The heart is weak and exciting β The heart rate, conction and cardiac output increased. When the dose is too large, the heart rhythm will increase and arrhythmia will also appear, but it is rare compared with adrenaline 3 When the blood pressure is low-dose intravenous drip, when the vasoconstriction is not very severe, the diastolic blood pressure does not increase obviously. Because the heart is excited, the systolic blood pressure increases, so the pulse pressure increases. When the dosage is large, the peripheral resistance increases obviously e to the strong contraction of blood vessels, so the diastolic blood pressure also increases obviously. At the same time, the systolic blood pressure increases, but the pulse pressure decreases. The effect of Na on blood pressure: small dose: systolic blood pressure increased mainly, diastolic blood pressure increased not significantly, pulse pressure increased. High dose: diastolic blood pressure increased significantly, pulse pressure decreased.

9. Norepinephrine can significantly enhance myocardial contractility, increase heart rate and cardiac output; In addition to the coronary artery, the small arteries contract strongly, causing a significant increase in peripheral resistance and blood pressure, so it is often used as a pressor in clinic.

10. Epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood are mainly secreted by the adrenal mella. Their effects on the heart and blood vessels have both commonness and particularity. This is because they have different binding ability with different adrenergic receptors on the membrane of myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells

epinephrine can increase heart rate, myocardial contractility and cardiac output by binding with corresponding receptors on myocardial cell membrane; After binding with the corresponding receptors on the membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells, the blood vessels of skin, kidney and gastrointestinal tract contract. However, for the blood vessels of skeletal muscle and liver, physiological concentration makes them relax, and large dose makes them contract. Therefore, normal physiological concentration of epinephrine has little effect on peripheral resistance

norepinephrine can also significantly enhance myocardial contractility, increase heart rate and cardiac output; In addition to the coronary artery, the small arteries contract strongly, causing a significant increase in peripheral resistance and blood pressure, so it is often used as a pressor in clinic. However, when norepinephrine is given intravenously in the intact body, the heart rate usually slows down. This is e to the effect that norepinephrine can significantly increase the peripheral resistance and raise the blood pressure, and slow down the heart rate through baroreceptor reflex, thus masking the direct effect of norepinephrine on the heart.