Cryptocurrency regulation
Publish: 2021-05-01 13:17:03
1.
1、 Different definitions:
1. virtual currency:
virtual currency refers to non real currency
digital currency:digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy
3. Cryptocurrency:
cryptocurrency is a kind of transaction medium that uses cryptography principles to ensure transaction security and control the creation of transaction units
4. Token (token):
a kind of article whose shape and size are similar to currency, but the scope of use is limited and has no currency effect, and its token is the homonym of token in English
Second, the characteristics are different:1; It can also be said that virtual currency is personalized currency. In another way, it can also be called information currency
2. Digital currency:
is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities
Cryptocurrency:cryptocurrency is based on the decentralized consensus mechanism, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system
4. Token (token):
usually needs to be exchanged for money, used in shops, playgrounds, mass transportation and other places, as a voucher to use services and exchange goods
extended data
at present, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because it lacks a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, and its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, so it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investment company
digital currency is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the blockchain technology it relies on has been decentralized and can be used in other fields except digital currency, which is one of the reasons why bitcoin is popular; On the other hand, if digital currency is widely used by the public as a kind of currency, it will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy, financial infrastructure, financial market and financial stability
2. It's not illegal to issue digital currency in China. It doesn't need the next three years. Now people have already issued digital currency. For example, Ruitai, bitcoin, Yuanbao and sandcoin are all digital currencies issued by domestic companies. But if not
3. Germany, Japan, Thailand, if you want to buy, you can go to dabit exchange
4. Cryptocurrency is legal in China. Encrypted digital currency is a part of digital assets, and QQ, game accounts, game equipment are protected by law in China
encrypted digital currency generally refers to bitcoin, Ethereum, lightcoin, DCT and other open source currencies.
encrypted digital currency generally refers to bitcoin, Ethereum, lightcoin, DCT and other open source currencies.
5. Different people have different opinions on this issue! A lot of people and the media questioned it. But there are still a lot of people playing. The yield of this kind of currency may be relatively high, but it is unreliable. It is suggested to invest in digital currencies such as bitcoin, Ruitai coin and Qianjin card.
6. It's suggested to invest cautiously. This is a virtual currency. If you don't choose it, your efforts will be wasted. You can open your head and exchange your nickname,
7. I'm a lawyer. I've never heard of such a law
8. The earliest treasury bond futures proct was born in January 1976. The first treasury bond futures contract in history, 91 day treasury bond futures contract, was launched by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME)
9. The law of the people's Republic of China on proction safety stipulates the following:
Article 80 If the decision-making organ, principal responsible person or indivial investor of a proction and business operation entity fails to guarantee the capital investment necessary for proction safety in accordance with the provisions of this law, thus causing the proction and business operation entity not to meet the conditions for proction safety, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and provide the necessary funds; If no correction is made within the time limit, the proction and business operation entity shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification
those who commit the illegal act mentioned in the preceding paragraph, which leads to proction safety accidents and constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law; If the case is not serious enough for criminal punishment, the principal person in charge of the proction and business operation entity shall be removed from office, and the investor of indivial business operation shall be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan
Article 81 If the main person in charge of a proction and business operation entity fails to perform the ties of proction safety management as stipulated in this law, he shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If no correction is made within the time limit, the proction and business operation entity shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification
if the principal person in charge of the proction and business operation entity commits the illegal act mentioned in the preceding paragraph, which leads to proction safety accidents and constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law; If it is not serious enough for criminal punishment, he shall be removed from office or fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan
if the principal person in charge of a proction and business operation entity is subject to criminal punishment or dismissal in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, he shall not be the principal person in charge of any proction and business operation entity within five years from the date when the punishment is executed or the principal person is punished< Article 82 If a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification, and may also be fined less than 20000 yuan:
(1) failing to set up a proction safety management organization or to provide proction safety management personnel in accordance with the provisions
(2) the main responsible persons and safety proction management personnel of the proction, operation and storage units of dangerous goods as well as the mining and construction units fail to pass the examination in accordance with the provisions< (3) failing to ecate and train the employees in proction safety in accordance with the provisions of articles 21 and 22 of this law, or failing to truthfully inform the employees of the matters related to proction safety in accordance with the provisions of Article 36 of this law
(4) special operation personnel fail to receive special safety operation training and obtain special operation qualification certificate according to the regulations and work on their posts< Article 83 If a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to stop construction or stop proction or business for rectification, and may also be fined not more than 50000 yuan; Those who cause serious consequences and constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law:
(1) there is no design of safety facilities in a mine construction project or a construction project used for the proction or storage of dangerous goods, or the design of safety facilities has not been submitted to the relevant department for examination and approval in accordance with the provisions< (2) the construction unit of a mine construction project or a construction project for the proction and storage of dangerous goods fails to carry out the construction in accordance with the approved design of safety facilities< (3) the safety facilities of a mine construction project or a construction project for the proction or storage of dangerous goods have not passed the acceptance before they are put into proction or use< (4) failing to set up obvious safety warning signs on the proction and operation sites, relevant facilities and equipment with major risk factors
(5) the installation, use, detection, transformation and scrapping of safety equipment do not meet the national or instrial standards< (6) failure to carry out regular maintenance and regular inspection of safety equipment< (7) failing to provide employees with labor protection articles that meet the national or instrial standards< (8) special equipment and containers and means of transport of dangerous goods are put into use without obtaining a safety certificate or safety mark after they have passed the examination and inspection by a qualified organization< (9) the use of processes and equipment that endanger proction safety and are eliminated or prohibited by the state
Article 84 anyone who proces, markets or stores dangerous goods without approval according to law shall be ordered to stop the illegal act or close down, and his illegal income shall be confiscated. If his illegal income is more than 100000 yuan, he shall also be fined not less than one time but not more than five times of his illegal income. If there is no illegal income or his illegal income is less than 100000 yuan, he shall be fined not less than one time but not more than five times of his illegal income, A fine of not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 100000 yuan shall be imposed alone or concurrently; If serious consequences are caused and a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law< Article 85 If a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction or business for rectification and may also be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 100000 yuan; Those who cause serious consequences and constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law:
(1) those who proce, operate, store or use dangerous goods, fail to establish a special safety management system, fail to take reliable safety measures or refuse to accept the supervision and management implemented by the relevant competent departments according to law
(2) major hazard installations are not registered and filed, or are not evaluated and monitored, or emergency plans are not formulated
(3) carrying out blasting, hoisting and other dangerous operations without arranging special management personnel for on-site safety management
Article 86 If a proction and business operation entity contracts out or leases its proction and business operation projects, sites or equipment to units or indivials that do not have the conditions for safe proction or corresponding qualifications, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and its illegal income shall be confiscated; If the illegal income is more than 50000 yuan, a fine of not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income shall be imposed; If there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 50000 yuan, a fine of not less than 10000 yuan but not more than 50000 yuan shall be imposed alone or concurrently; If any proction safety accident causes damage to others, it shall be jointly and severally liable with the contractor and the lessee
if the proction and business operation entity fails to sign a special work safety management agreement with the contractor or the lessee, or fails to specify their respective work safety management responsibilities in the contract or lease contract, or fails to coordinate and manage the work safety of the contractor or the lessee, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction or business for rectification
Article 87 If two or more proction and business operation entities conct proction and business operation activities that may endanger the safety proction of the other party in the same operation area, and fail to sign a safety proction management agreement or appoint full-time safety proction management personnel for safety inspection and coordination, they shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction or business< Article 88 if a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification; Those who cause serious consequences and constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law:
(1) the workshops, shops and warehouses that proce, operate, store or use dangerous goods are in the same building as the staff dormitory, or the distance from the staff dormitory does not meet the safety requirements
(2) there is no exit that meets the needs of emergency evacuation, has obvious signs and keeps unblocked in the proction and business operation site and staff dormitory, or the exit of the proction and business operation site or staff dormitory is closed or blocked
Article 89 if a proction and business operation entity enters into an agreement with its employees to exempt or rece its legal liability for the casualties of employees e to proction safety accidents, the agreement shall be invalid; The principal person in charge of the proction and business operation entity and the investor of indivial business operation shall be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 100000 yuan
Article 90 if the employees of a proction and business operation entity disobey the management and violate the rules and regulations of proction safety or operating proceres, they shall be criticized and ecated by the proction and business operation entity and punished in accordance with the relevant rules and regulations; If a major accident is caused and a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law
Article 91 when a major proction safety accident occurs in a proction and business operation entity, if the main person in charge of the entity does not immediately organize rescue or leaves his post without permission or escapes ring the investigation and handling of the accident, he shall be demoted or removed from his post, and the person who escapes shall be detained for not more than 15 days; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law
if the main person in charge of the proction and business operation entity conceals, falsely reports or delays in reporting proction safety accidents, he shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 80 If the decision-making organ, principal responsible person or indivial investor of a proction and business operation entity fails to guarantee the capital investment necessary for proction safety in accordance with the provisions of this law, thus causing the proction and business operation entity not to meet the conditions for proction safety, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and provide the necessary funds; If no correction is made within the time limit, the proction and business operation entity shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification
those who commit the illegal act mentioned in the preceding paragraph, which leads to proction safety accidents and constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law; If the case is not serious enough for criminal punishment, the principal person in charge of the proction and business operation entity shall be removed from office, and the investor of indivial business operation shall be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan
Article 81 If the main person in charge of a proction and business operation entity fails to perform the ties of proction safety management as stipulated in this law, he shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If no correction is made within the time limit, the proction and business operation entity shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification
if the principal person in charge of the proction and business operation entity commits the illegal act mentioned in the preceding paragraph, which leads to proction safety accidents and constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law; If it is not serious enough for criminal punishment, he shall be removed from office or fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan
if the principal person in charge of a proction and business operation entity is subject to criminal punishment or dismissal in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, he shall not be the principal person in charge of any proction and business operation entity within five years from the date when the punishment is executed or the principal person is punished< Article 82 If a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification, and may also be fined less than 20000 yuan:
(1) failing to set up a proction safety management organization or to provide proction safety management personnel in accordance with the provisions
(2) the main responsible persons and safety proction management personnel of the proction, operation and storage units of dangerous goods as well as the mining and construction units fail to pass the examination in accordance with the provisions< (3) failing to ecate and train the employees in proction safety in accordance with the provisions of articles 21 and 22 of this law, or failing to truthfully inform the employees of the matters related to proction safety in accordance with the provisions of Article 36 of this law
(4) special operation personnel fail to receive special safety operation training and obtain special operation qualification certificate according to the regulations and work on their posts< Article 83 If a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to stop construction or stop proction or business for rectification, and may also be fined not more than 50000 yuan; Those who cause serious consequences and constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law:
(1) there is no design of safety facilities in a mine construction project or a construction project used for the proction or storage of dangerous goods, or the design of safety facilities has not been submitted to the relevant department for examination and approval in accordance with the provisions< (2) the construction unit of a mine construction project or a construction project for the proction and storage of dangerous goods fails to carry out the construction in accordance with the approved design of safety facilities< (3) the safety facilities of a mine construction project or a construction project for the proction or storage of dangerous goods have not passed the acceptance before they are put into proction or use< (4) failing to set up obvious safety warning signs on the proction and operation sites, relevant facilities and equipment with major risk factors
(5) the installation, use, detection, transformation and scrapping of safety equipment do not meet the national or instrial standards< (6) failure to carry out regular maintenance and regular inspection of safety equipment< (7) failing to provide employees with labor protection articles that meet the national or instrial standards< (8) special equipment and containers and means of transport of dangerous goods are put into use without obtaining a safety certificate or safety mark after they have passed the examination and inspection by a qualified organization< (9) the use of processes and equipment that endanger proction safety and are eliminated or prohibited by the state
Article 84 anyone who proces, markets or stores dangerous goods without approval according to law shall be ordered to stop the illegal act or close down, and his illegal income shall be confiscated. If his illegal income is more than 100000 yuan, he shall also be fined not less than one time but not more than five times of his illegal income. If there is no illegal income or his illegal income is less than 100000 yuan, he shall be fined not less than one time but not more than five times of his illegal income, A fine of not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 100000 yuan shall be imposed alone or concurrently; If serious consequences are caused and a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law< Article 85 If a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction or business for rectification and may also be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 100000 yuan; Those who cause serious consequences and constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law:
(1) those who proce, operate, store or use dangerous goods, fail to establish a special safety management system, fail to take reliable safety measures or refuse to accept the supervision and management implemented by the relevant competent departments according to law
(2) major hazard installations are not registered and filed, or are not evaluated and monitored, or emergency plans are not formulated
(3) carrying out blasting, hoisting and other dangerous operations without arranging special management personnel for on-site safety management
Article 86 If a proction and business operation entity contracts out or leases its proction and business operation projects, sites or equipment to units or indivials that do not have the conditions for safe proction or corresponding qualifications, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and its illegal income shall be confiscated; If the illegal income is more than 50000 yuan, a fine of not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income shall be imposed; If there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 50000 yuan, a fine of not less than 10000 yuan but not more than 50000 yuan shall be imposed alone or concurrently; If any proction safety accident causes damage to others, it shall be jointly and severally liable with the contractor and the lessee
if the proction and business operation entity fails to sign a special work safety management agreement with the contractor or the lessee, or fails to specify their respective work safety management responsibilities in the contract or lease contract, or fails to coordinate and manage the work safety of the contractor or the lessee, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction or business for rectification
Article 87 If two or more proction and business operation entities conct proction and business operation activities that may endanger the safety proction of the other party in the same operation area, and fail to sign a safety proction management agreement or appoint full-time safety proction management personnel for safety inspection and coordination, they shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction or business< Article 88 if a proction and business operation entity commits any of the following acts, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend proction and business for rectification; Those who cause serious consequences and constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law:
(1) the workshops, shops and warehouses that proce, operate, store or use dangerous goods are in the same building as the staff dormitory, or the distance from the staff dormitory does not meet the safety requirements
(2) there is no exit that meets the needs of emergency evacuation, has obvious signs and keeps unblocked in the proction and business operation site and staff dormitory, or the exit of the proction and business operation site or staff dormitory is closed or blocked
Article 89 if a proction and business operation entity enters into an agreement with its employees to exempt or rece its legal liability for the casualties of employees e to proction safety accidents, the agreement shall be invalid; The principal person in charge of the proction and business operation entity and the investor of indivial business operation shall be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 100000 yuan
Article 90 if the employees of a proction and business operation entity disobey the management and violate the rules and regulations of proction safety or operating proceres, they shall be criticized and ecated by the proction and business operation entity and punished in accordance with the relevant rules and regulations; If a major accident is caused and a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law
Article 91 when a major proction safety accident occurs in a proction and business operation entity, if the main person in charge of the entity does not immediately organize rescue or leaves his post without permission or escapes ring the investigation and handling of the accident, he shall be demoted or removed from his post, and the person who escapes shall be detained for not more than 15 days; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the criminal law
if the main person in charge of the proction and business operation entity conceals, falsely reports or delays in reporting proction safety accidents, he shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
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