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Facebook cryptocurrency launch

Publish: 2021-05-02 06:43:58
1.

1、 Different definitions:

1. virtual currency:

virtual currency refers to non real currency

digital currency:

digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy

3. Cryptocurrency:

cryptocurrency is a kind of transaction medium that uses cryptography principles to ensure transaction security and control the creation of transaction units

4. Token (token):

a kind of article whose shape and size are similar to currency, but the scope of use is limited and has no currency effect, and its token is the homonym of token in English

Second, the characteristics are different:

1; It can also be said that virtual currency is personalized currency. In another way, it can also be called information currency

2. Digital currency:

is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities

Cryptocurrency:

cryptocurrency is based on the decentralized consensus mechanism, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system

4. Token (token):

usually needs to be exchanged for money, used in shops, playgrounds, mass transportation and other places, as a voucher to use services and exchange goods


extended data

at present, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because it lacks a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, and its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, so it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investment company

digital currency is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the blockchain technology it relies on has been decentralized and can be used in other fields except digital currency, which is one of the reasons why bitcoin is popular; On the other hand, if digital currency is widely used by the public as a kind of currency, it will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy, financial infrastructure, financial market and financial stability

2. So far, we can't buy the digital currency issued by the central bank, but it's coming soon
according to the news on August 10, Mu Changchun, deputy director general of the payment and Settlement Department of the people's Bank of China, said at the third China finance forum that the central bank's digital currency will soon be launched and will adopt a two-tier operation system, that is, the people's Bank of China will be the upper tier and commercial institutions will be the second tier< As for why the central bank's digital currency chooses the "two-tier operation system", Mu Changchun explained:
1. The central bank's digital currency is bound to face the retail scene and the public, while the performance of bitcoin and Libra can not meet the high concurrency. After a period of research, it is decided to adopt the two-tier system
2. It is a complex system engineering for big countries to issue central bank digital currency
3. The IT infrastructure application and service system of commercial banks and other institutions have been relatively mature, the user base is huge, and the service habit has been formed; There are plenty of talents and it experts; The system has strong processing ability, and has accumulated some experience in the application of financial technology
4. Through the design of two-tier operation, risk can be avoided to concentrate on a single indivial
5. Single layer investment will lead to "financial disintermediation". If the central bank directly releases digital money to the public, it will crowd out the deposits of commercial banks and affect the loan delivery ability of commercial banks; In extreme cases, it will also subvert the existing financial system, leading to the "grand unification" of the central bank
6; It will not affect the existing monetary policy transmission mechanism
7. The central bank will not preset the technology route, any advanced technology may be used in the research and development of the central bank's digital currency; The boundary between electronic payment and central bank digital currency is fuzzy; It can fully mobilize market forces and realize system optimization through competition
it can be seen that the central bank has recognized the legitimacy of bitcoin and Ethernet in disguised form. However, the central bank's digital currency is different from the traditional blockchain digital currency. It is 1:1 anchored RMB. I regard it as RMB digitization. The central bank's digital currency, paper money, coins and bonds exist at the same time, but in different ways. It is a kind of stable currency, and there is no room for speculation
at the beginning of this year, the most influential event of digital currency is Facebook's upcoming launch of digital currency Libra. If successful, it will bring 3 billion Facebook users into digital currency. However, Libra has not included the RMB in its basket of currencies. Coupled with the sweater war and exchange rate war with the United States, this may be the reason why the central bank urgently launched the central bank's digital currency. It is said that Wal Mart will also launch digital currency. With JPMorgan's issuing currency before, it can be predicted that traditional business giants will enter the era of blockchain digital currency one after another
the issuance of digital currency by the central bank may be a great benefit to the users of China's currency circle. Due to some policy reasons, the users' access to the digital currency world is not very smooth, which is the problem of difficult access to money. The most common stable currency, usdt, does not seem to be very stable and over issued seriously. In addition, the attorney general's office in New York investigates TEDA and other reasons, There may be a risk of thunderstorm at any time. According to statistics, about 80% of the users who use usdt are Chinese users, while the United States uses USD directly, and a few will use usdt. If the central bank introces digital currency, it will greatly facilitate digital currency users
finally, the other role of the central bank's digital currency is cross-border trade settlement. If it is combined with Alipay and WeChat payment, it will compete abroad and compete with Libra internationally.
3.

Digital currency is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of a specific virtual community. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form

in recent years, the excessive issuance of banknotes has led to the aggravation of inflation, the frequent security crisis of third-party payment, and the graal maturity of blockchain technology, so decentralized digital currencies such as bitcoin, Ethereum and reborn have emerged. Digital currency has the advantages of low transaction cost, fast transaction speed, high anonymity and fixed amount of money

At the same time, the use scenarios of digital currency become more and more abundant, which makes the user acceptance grow. At present, the use of digital currency has covered all kinds of scenes, such as shopping consumption, wage payment, transportation, travel, takeout settlement and tuition payment. The expanding landing scene has also brought a wider range of consumers. In general, although the number of users of digital currency still accounts for a small proportion of the total population, the number of users is growing. At present, the utilization rate of digital currency has exceeded 10% in 10 countries around the world

In June 2019, Facebook launched Libra virtual cryptocurrency, which has caused worldwide influence. The emergence of Libra may form a global super sovereign currency, thus affecting the traditional transaction settlement currency. For China, the emergence of Libra, on the one hand, will have an impact on China's traditional currency and threaten the sovereign status of China's currency; On the other hand, because RMB is not included in Libra's basket of currencies, it will rece the reserve demand of RMB by central banks, thus hindering the internationalization of RMB. In response to this threat, CCTV timely launched the central bank digital currency. In September 2019, according to China Daily, the central bank's digital currency closed-loop test has begun, and the central bank's digital currency is about to come out

coincidentally, in addition to China, central banks around the world have also announced that they will launch a centralized digital currency based on national credit. In 2015, Ecuador took the lead in launching the national version of digital currency, which can not only rece the issuance cost and increase the convenience, but also enable people in remote areas who cannot have banking resources to obtain financial services through the digital platform. At present, Canada, Brazil, Norway, the United Kingdom and other countries are studying the central bank legal digital currency, while the Bahamas, Sweden, Russia and other countries are discussing the possibility of digital currency issuance. Generally speaking, the developing countries which have received a great impact on digital currency have supported legal digital currency for financial inclusion, breaking through sanctions and other reasons

for the above data and analysis, please refer to the in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute . Meanwhile, foresight Instry Research Institute also provides instrial big data, instrial planning, instrial declaration, instrial park planning, instrial investment promotion and other solutions

4. 1. Xiaoqing has read 47 pages of a novel, and there are two pages left to read. How many pages is the book
2. Xiao Fang's father bought 13 oranges, and his mother bought four times as many oranges as his father. How many oranges did his mother buy
3. Xiaofang has done 12 questions, which is 6 times of Xiaoxue's. how many questions has Xiaoxue done
4. Xiao Zhou cut 27 paper stars in two days yesterday and today, 24 paper stars yesterday and how many paper stars today
5. Xiao Zhao has read seven pages of a composition book, but there are still five pages left to read. How many pages is the book
6. Nana students used green paper and red paper to make flags. A total of 35 pieces of paper were used, including 33 pieces of green paper. How many pieces of red paper did they use
7. Wang Liang has 8 joke books and Xiao Yun has 24. How many times does Xiao Yun's book compare with Wang Liang's
8. Every 23 mangoes are packed in one bag and three bags. How many mangoes are there in all
9. The school has 38 white rabbits and 38 black rabbits, including 36 white rabbits. How many black rabbits are there
10. Xiao Liang's father bought six apples and his mother bought four. How many apples did he buy altogether
11. Lin Fang has read 16 pages of an English book, which is three times as many as Lin Fang. How many pages is the book
12. Tian Yong originally had 25 books, but later bought some books. Now there are 27 books in total. How many books did Tian Yong buy
13. There are many students on the school playground, including 29 male students and 87 female students. How many times is the number of female students higher than that of male students
14. There are 36 volleyballs in the store, selling 18 on average every day. How many days can it sell
15. One sheet can be made every 34 meters of cloth, and two sheets need to be made. How many meters of cloth do you need
16. The school bought 8 balls, and now there are 13 balls. How many balls did the school have
17. Xiao Zhao originally had 14 books, but later bought some books. Now there are 18 books in total. How many books did Xiao Zhao buy
18. Xiao Liang and his classmates ate 34 watermelons twice. The first time, they ate 32 watermelons. How many watermelons did they eat the second time
19. Tian Yong has read 8 pages of a joke book, with a total of 16 pages. How many times are the pages of this book read by Tian Yong
20. Xiaofang cut 33 paper stars and another 3 paper stars. How many paper stars did she cut
21. One sheet can be made every 8 meters of cloth. There are 56 meters of cloth in total. How many sheets can be made
22. Xiao Yun's father bought 22 mangoes and his mother bought 3 mangoes. How many mangoes did he buy in total
23. The school has 25 white rabbits and 25 black rabbits, including 23 white rabbits. How many black rabbits are there
24. Xiaoliang has 29 comic books, and Xiaofang is twice as many as Xiaoliang. How many copies does Xiao Fang have
25. Lin Fang did 90 questions, and Lin Fang did 10 times more than Wang Liang. How many questions did Wang Liang do
26. Tian Yong cut 19 paper stars yesterday, twice as many today as yesterday. How many paper stars have he cut today
27. There are 23 birds in the tree, 18 of them fly away. How many birds are left
28. There are many students on the school playground, including 29 male students and 87 female students. How many times is the number of female students higher than that of male students
29. There are 36 stationery boxes in the store, selling 18 on average every day. How many days can it sell
30. The students used 37 pieces of red paper and 2 pieces of green paper to make small flags. How many pieces of paper did they use
31. Every 17 mangoes are packed in one bag and 2 bags. How many mangoes are there in all
32. The school bought 13 balls, and each ball cost 5 yuan. How much did it cost
33. There are 49 birds flying away from the tree and 2 birds flying away. How many birds are flying away twice
34. The school has 13 white rabbits and 13 black rabbits, including 8 white rabbits. How many black rabbits are there
35. There are 24 tons of coal in the factory, 22 tons of which have been burned. How many tons are left
36. Xiao Chen and his classmates ate a total of 19 oranges twice. In the first time, they ate 16 oranges. In the second time, how many oranges did they eat
37. When Xiaobo reads a novel, he has read 10 pages, but there are still 2 pages left to read. How many pages is the book
38. Xiao Chen cut 24 paper stars yesterday and 72 today. How many times is it today
39. Xiaoming has 21 paper cranes, and made two more. Now there are a total of
40. Wang Liang did 9 questions, and Xiaohua did 7 times as many as Wang Liang. How many questions did Xiaohua do
41. The students planted 2 rows of trees, with 9 trees in each row. How many trees have you planted
42. Nana's family has 32 Goldfish and 64 carp. How many times are carp than goldfish
43. Xiaohua and his classmates ate watermelon. The first time they ate 20 watermelons, the second time they ate 80 watermelons. How many times did they eat the second time
44. Wang Liang used three pieces of green paper and six pieces of red paper to make small flags. How many times more red paper than green paper
45. One sheet can be made every 13 meters of cloth. There are 26 meters of cloth in total. How many sheets can be made
46. Xiao Gang cut 8 paper stars yesterday and 40 today. How many times is it today
47. Xiaohua's family has 25 goldfish and carp, including 23 carp. How many goldfish are there
48. Xiaoxue has 21 prose collections and Xiaohua has 84. How many times of Xiaohua's book is Xiaoxue's
49. There are many students on the school playground, including 41 male students and twice as many female students as male students. How many female students are there
50. There are 11 tons of coal in the factory, 9 tons of which have been burned. How many tons are left
51. Xiaohua used 29 pieces of green paper and 87 pieces of red paper to make small flags. How many times more red paper than green paper
52. Students planted 4 rows of trees, with 5 trees in each row. How many trees have you planted
53. Xiaoting and her classmates ate a total of 17 oranges twice. The first time, they ate 10 oranges. How many oranges did they eat the second time
54. There are 37 white rabbits and 35 black rabbits in the school. How many are there
55. Xiaohua originally had 29 books, but later bought two. How many books are there now
56. On average, the store sells 19 chairs a day, which is enough for five days. How many chairs are there in the shop
57. Lili's family has 11 goldfish and 22 carp. How many times are carp than goldfish
58. One sheet can be made every 7 meters of cloth, and five sheets need to be made. How many meters of cloth do you need
59. Xiaobo and his classmates ate 17 oranges for the first time and 5 oranges for the second time. How many oranges did they eat in total
60. There are 45 oranges for each student, and there are 2 students. How many oranges did the students share
61. Xiaogang has read 29 pages of an English book, which has 58 pages in total. How many times the number of pages of this book is that of Xiao just read
62. There are 11 monkeys on the mountain, and 6 more. How many monkeys are there in all
63. Children play games. There are 9 students in a group and 72 students. How many groups can they be divided into< The students planted 22 rows of trees, a total of 88 trees. How many trees are there in each row
65. There are 11 sheep on the grass, and 6 more. How many sheep are there in all< She has read 16 pages of an English book, which has 22 pages in total. How many pages have not been read
67. Xiaofang's family has 30 goldfish and carp, including 28 carp. How many goldfish are there
68. There are 29 monkeys on the mountain, and three more. How many monkeys are there in all
69. Xiaoting has 24 goldfish and 72 carp in her family. How many times are carp than goldfish
70. Tingting has read 47 pages of a novel, and there are two pages left to read. How many pages is the book
71. Nana cut 16 paper stars yesterday and today, 12 paper stars yesterday and how many paper stars today
72. The school has 39 white rabbits and 2 black rabbits. How many rabbits are there in total
73. Children play games. Seven students are divided into five groups. How many students are there
74. There are 92 chairs in the store, with an average of 23 sold per day. How many days can it sell
75. The school has 39 white rabbits and 2 black rabbits. How many rabbits are there in total
76. Nana and Xiao Yun did 12 questions in total, of which Nana did 10 questions, and how many questions did Xiao Yun do
77. There are nine birds in the tree. Five birds fly away. How many birds are left
78. 15 birds fly away from the tree and another 3 birds fly away. How many birds fly away twice
79. There are 11 white rabbits in the school, and the number of black rabbits is 8 times that of white rabbits. How many are there
80. The students divided 7 oranges on average, and the students divided 42 oranges in total. So, how many students are there
81. There are 14 sheep on the grassland, and another 5 sheep are coming. How many sheep are there in all
82. Xiaochen's family has 44 goldfish, and carp is twice as many as goldfish. How many are there
83. The school has 50 white rabbits and 50 black rabbits, of which 48 are white rabbits. How many are black rabbits
84. Students planted three rows of trees, with five trees in each row. How many trees have you planted
85. Xiao Zhou has read nine pages of a composition book, which has 11 pages in total. How many pages have not been read
86. Xiao Zhou and his classmates ate 11 peaches for the first time and 8 peaches for the second time. How many peaches did they eat in total
87. Xiaoxue has 22 composition books, 2 less than Xiaozhao. How many copies does Xiao Zhao have
88. Lili has read 47 pages of a novel, and there are two pages left to read. How many pages is the book
89. There are 25 monkeys on the mountain. Now there are 28 monkeys on the mountain. How many are there
90. Lili made 18 paper cranes yesterday and today, including 14 yesterday. How many today
91. Students are divided into six oranges on average, with four students. How many oranges did the students share
92. The school bought 48 balls. Now there are 50 balls. How many balls did the school have
93. Xiao Li and his classmates ate a total of 34 oranges twice. The first time we ate 32 oranges, and the second time how many oranges
94. There are 20 volleyballs in the store, which are sold 5 times a day on average. How many days can it sell
95. Mingming's father bought 20 oranges, while his mother bought 40 oranges. How many times did his mother buy oranges
96. The average number of chairs sold in the store is 8 per day, which is enough for 6 days. How many chairs are there in the shop
97. Xiao Yun has read 18 pages of a novel, but there are still three pages left to read. How many pages is the book
98. Xiaoqing has read four pages of a composition book, which is twice as many as Xiaoqing. How many pages is the book
99. Xiaohua has done 96 questions, which is 24 times of Nana's. how many questions has Nana done
100. Xiao Chen has read 10 pages of an English book, which has 19 pages in total. How many pages have not been read?
5. There are so many things blockchain can do. However, blockchain is just a technology with a very broad prospect, similar to the Internet technology in the 1990s. The Internet has been proved to be the greatest technology in the 21st century, which has changed the way of human survival
for example, blockchain can be applied to P2P, bills, securities and other financial fields, as well as contracts. Of course, it can also protect intellectual property rights, such as distributed content publishing platform decent
6. Digital currency can be considered as a virtual currency based on node network and digital encryption algorithm. The core characteristics of digital currency are mainly reflected in three aspects: first, e to some open algorithms, digital currency has no issuing subject, so no one or institution can control its issuing; ② Because the number of algorithm solutions is fixed, the total amount of digital currency is fixed, which fundamentally eliminates the possibility of inflation caused by the overuse of virtual currency; ③ Because the transaction process needs the approval of each node in the network, the transaction process of digital currency is safe enough [3]
the emergence of bitcoin poses a great challenge to the existing monetary system. Although it belongs to the generalized virtual currency, it is essentially different from the virtual currency issued by network enterprises, so it is called digital currency. This paper compares digital currency with electronic currency and virtual currency from the aspects of issuing subject, scope of application, issuing quantity, storage form, circulation mode, credit guarantee, transaction cost and transaction security [3]
e-money Virtual currency Digital currency
issuers financial institution Network operators No
scope of use Generally not limited Inside the network enterprise Unlimited
number of issues Legal currency decision Decision of issuers The quantity must be
storage form Magnetic card or account number account number Digital
circulation mode Two way circulation One way circulation Two way circulation
monetary value Equal to legal currency Not equal to legal currency Not equal to legal currency
credit guarantee government enterprise Internet users
transaction security higher Lower Higher
transaction cost higher Lower Lower
running environment Intranet, extranet, read / write device Enterprise server and Internet Typical representatives of open source software and P2P network Bank card, bus card Q coin, forum coin Bitcoin and lightcoin
types
according to the relationship between digital currency and real economy and real currency, they can be divided into three categories:
one is completely closed, has nothing to do with real economy and can only be used in specific virtual communities, such as world of warcraft gold
Second, it can be purchased in real currency but not converted back to real currency, which can be used to purchase virtual goods and services, such as Facebook credit
thirdly, it can be exchanged and redeemed with real currency according to a certain ratio. It can purchase both virtual goods and services and real goods and services, such as bitcoin [2]
transaction mode
at this stage, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because of the lack of a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, and it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investors [4]
trading platforms act as trading agents, and some of them act as market makers. The profits of these trading platforms come from investors' transaction or withdrawal fees and premium income from holding digital currency. Bitstamp, gathub, ripple Singapore, snapswap, Japan's Mt. GOx and China's new star Ruihu are the platforms with large trading volume [4]
the process of digital currency trading through the platform is as follows:
(1) investors should first register their accounts and obtain digital currency accounts and US dollar or other foreign exchange accounts
(2) users can buy and sell digital currency with the money in their cash account, just like buying and selling stocks and futures
(3) the trading platform will sort the buy requests and sell requests according to the rules and start to match them. If they meet the requirements, the transaction will be concluded
(4) a buy or sell request may be partially executed e to the difference between the buy and sell volumes submitted by users
the transaction mode of digital currency through operating companies is as follows: take Ruibo coin as an example, Ruibo coin is operated by professional operating company opencoin, ripple protocol was originally designed based on means of payment, and the design idea is based on acquaintance network and trust chain. To use ripple network for remittance or loan, the premise is that in the network, the payee and the payer must be friends (mutual trust relationship is established), or have common friends (trust chain is formed through the transmission of friends), otherwise the trust chain cannot be established between the user and other users, and the transfer cannot be carried out [4].
7. Facebook has ushered in the largest restructuring in history, with not only a big change in management personnel, but also a new blockchain department. Instry insiders said that the FB added a blockchain department to solve the problem of privacy protection to a large extent. Previously, Facebook has been questioned because of data leakage, and this restructuring will make it make new efforts on the blockchain
it is understood that after the restructuring, Facebook will be divided into three departments: application family, new platform department and centralized proct service department. Among them, the application family division includes FB's Facebook, instagram, WhatsApp, and messenger applications. The new platform division includes blockchain technology team, virtual reality / augmented reality team, artificial intelligence team, and enterprise business team. Centralized proct services include advertising, data analysis, and security
it's worth noting that after the reorganization, except instagram, other Facebook apps will be replaced. The new blockchain team will be led by David Marcus, the current head of Facebook messenger. He is also a board member of the digital cryptocurrency trading platform coinbase.
8. No, although the momentum is very good now. But bitcoin is an old virtual currency, so the price fluctuation will be very small.
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