International views on digital currency

1. What are the current views of central banks on digital currency? Money is money. It's inflated now

2. There are not many opinions on China's digital currency abroad. However, the domestic digital currency is very confused, capital disk, pyramid schemes, circle money is endless, people can't prevent it. bitcoin is a bad thing derived from the high price of bitcoin. The cheated group basically does not understand digital currency
bitcoin and lightcoin, the mainstream digital currencies, are not as profitable as expected. The expected revenue of crowdfunding projects launched by European crowdfunding is only about 30%. Those with high-yield currencies are basically certain to be scams.

3. On the issue of issuing their own digital currency, central banks are always less thunderous. Central banks around the world are considering issuing their own digital currencies to compete with cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin, but they have been unable to do so for a long time

the media's attention to the central bank's digital currency has increased significantly, especially after Zuckerberg testified in Congress on the Libra issue and Christina Lagarde acknowledged the "clear demand" for stable currency at her first media reception as president of the European Central Bank, which seems to have changed the public's view on this matter, Let many people in cryptocurrency community think that cbdcs is in sight<

according to the latest survey report released by the bank for International Settlements, central banks in the past seven years have been investigating this technology and assessing its impact. Of the 63 central banks surveyed, 55 said they were unlikely to issue cbdcs in the next three years, and only one reported that they were "highly likely to issue large-scale cbdcs in the next three to six years."

although the proportion of central banks studying cbdcs is very high, the crux of the problem is that it is mainly theoretical and investigative work. Only five central banks have concted more in-depth research and real project development or experimentation - but that still does not mean that they will necessarily issue cbdcs

through close observation, it is more and more obvious that both Libra recently released by Facebook and the new stable currency assets have had a significant impact on the central bank. Today's situation took hundreds of years to form, but it changed in a few months; Competition, the most terrifying and unfamiliar concept that has never been thought of before and penetrated into the elite society of central banks, is now knocking at the door

it can be said that the solution to the current situation is still unclear. Some people who are familiar with these things even say that they are bluffing. However, in Lagarde's own words, the slow and wait-and-see regulatory approach can no longer meet the needs

1. What is central bank digital currency<

what is the difference between central bank digital currency CBDC and other digital currencies

CBDC is a new form of currency, which is directly issued by the central bank in digital form as legal tender. The current form of legal currency is cash, reserve deposit or balance settlement< There are two main differences between CBDC and other digital currencies (including cryptocurrency and other forms of central bank currency):

1. CBDC has nothing to do with cryptoassets. They're not decentralized, they don't have to be blockchain based, and they're certainly not anonymous, they're not unlicensed, they're not censored< 2. Contrary to the current digital cash, the operation structure of CBDC will be different from other forms of central bank currency. CBDC has more powerful functions. They are programmable, can generate interest, can be cleared in near real time, and have cheaper handling charges and wider openness

when designing CBDC, the speed of central banks is different. Different central banks adopt their own approach. However, in general, there are three problems being explored: whether CBDC should be based on token or account number, whether CBDC should be batch (only open to banks) or retail (open to the public), and whether it should be based on DLT

when CBDC is to be implemented, things will become complicated, and there are many thorny problems to be considered

for example, once CBDC is launched, does it need to cancel cash? Should CBDC carry interest? Should they have face value like cash? Or linked to the total price index? What impact will this have on commercial banks? What about anonymity and privacy? All these questions need to be answered<

2. Motivation for issuing CBDC

in the 2017 staff discussion paper, the Bank of Canada gave six reasons for issuing CBDC in an article entitled "central bank digital currency: motivation and impact":

1. Ensure that the central bank provides sufficient cash to the public, and maintain the seigniorage revenue of the central bank

2, Support non-traditional monetary policy

3. Rece overall risk and improve financial stability

4. Improve payment competitiveness

5. Promote financial inclusiveness

6. Curb criminal activities

looking back at the bank for International Settlements survey we analyzed earlier, payment security and domestic efficiency are selected as the most important motives of the central bank. According to a large number of papers published by the central bank and other large financial institutions, for developed countries, the transformation into a cashless society is the main driving factor, while for developing countries, financial inclusiveness, cost rection and operational efficiency are the main motivation

throughout the rest of the reports and the literature that can be found, the fierce competition brought about by bitcoin and other innovations in the cryptocurrency instry, as well as the clear need for "one step ahead", of course, are not listed as the reasons for issuing CBDC< The advantages and potential risks of CBDC are very low.

if the central bank starts to launch CBDC and succeeds in the end, there are many potential benefits

from a technical point of view, CBDC is much better than the current form of legal currency. They can be tracked better, collect taxes more conveniently, transmit monetary policy better, have better financial inclusiveness, and rece the cost of procing physical currency

the most obvious advantage is that payment is cheaper and faster, whether it is domestic payment or cross-border payment

in addition to the design and implementation problems, a key problem of issuing CBDC is that CBDC may increase the risk of bank operation. However, this only happens when banks promise that their deposits can be converted into CBDC on demand, which is not necessarily the case, according to the Bank of England document

4. Facts on the ground

how far is it from us to see a real CBDC appear in the market? It's hard to estimate, but at present, we can sum up the current situation in one sentence: all talk but no practice

if we put aside the failed digital currencies of Ecuador, Tunisia and Venezuela, we can only do theoretical research, a small amount of experiments, and issue some feasible CBDC issuance announcements supported by the state in the future

the most famous CBDC projects in progress are: e-peso in Uruguay (the project was successfully tested in 2018), DCEP in China, "project Inthanon" in Thailand, e-krona in Sweden (still in the research stage)...

5. The revolution has not yet been successful, and comrades still need to work hard

considering the factors mentioned above, Most of the headlines about CBDC's upcoming release are groundless. All projects scheled to be released this year have been delayed

in fact, there is still a long way to go for the birth of CBDC, and to convince the public, we need more than a statement. Given the current situation, it seems that CBDC and other cryptocurrencies may not affect each other - at least for now.

4.

At the G20 meeting, different countries held different views on digital currency, some strongly resisted it, and some actively supervised it. Now let's take a look at the attitudes of the G20 countries towards digital currency

In a statement, the Canadian Securities Regulatory Agency (CSA) said that considering the whole process of ICO issuance, many ICO tokens meet the definition of securities and require them to comply with the securities law. In addition, the CSA noted that ICOS may also be derivatives, subject to derivatives laws passed by Canadian securities regulators, including trade reporting rules. Regulators said they welcome companies that are about to conct ICO to enter the "regulatory sandbox" to test new financial procts in a limited environment

India

the securities and Exchange Commission of India is planning guidelines for the regulation of the bitcoin market in India. In addition, the securities and Exchange Commission of India set up a financial regulatory commission and held meetings with Reserve Bank of India (RBI) officials. The SEC also plans to regulate whether bitcoin derivatives and other cryptocurrencies are used to raise funds illegally

5.

Hello, the replacement of paper-based RMB by digital RMB is basically certain. Just as the era goes from entity to e-commerce, RMB also goes from offline to online. Its function is exactly the same as paper money, that is, the digital version of paper money

at present, China's digital currency is a leading technology, which is bound to accelerate its digital currency construction in the short term, in order to find the gap with DCEP. However, DCEP can ultimately promote the nationalization of RMB, still depends on the steady growth of domestic economy and the international circulation ability of RMB itself, not only on the digital technology of RMB, but also has a long way to go

6.

1、 What is digital currency RMB

with the development of Internet technology, especially blockchain technology, many so-called & lt; virtual currency;, Such as bitcoin and Wright currency, which are controversial in recent years

as a substitute for M0 (cash in circulation, i.e. cash in circulation outside the banking system), the difference between the central bank's digital currency and the virtual currency such as bitcoin is that bitcoin is decentralized, while the digital currency to be launched by the central bank is centralized

the central bank's digital currency is a legal digital currency issued by the central bank based on national credit, which is exactly the same as RMB cash and is equivalent to cash{ RRRRR}

it can be predicted that the era of digital RMB is coming. For commercial banks and other financial institutions, digital currency will lead to more innovations such as digital credit, digital assets and digital liabilities. In addition, the central bank can improve the efficiency of monetary operation monitoring and enrich monetary policy means after the issuance of digital currency

In addition, the issue of central bank's legal digital currency will make it possible to collect real-time data such as money creation, bookkeeping and flow. After data desensitization, it will conct in-depth analysis through big data and other technical means, so as to provide a useful reference for money supply, formulation and implementation of monetary policy, and provide a useful means for economic regulation

In the short term, the introction of digital currency has little impact on the exchange rate; Digital RMB & quot; At present, it seems that the aim is to partially digitize the currency in circulation (so there will be zero interest rate compensation, 100% reserve requirement and limited weakening of financial intermediaries, also known as & lt; Disintermediation, Considering China's current capital account restrictions (especially the restrictions on capital outflow), the introction of digital currency is unlikely to have a great impact on the trend of RMB exchange rate in the short term

the development of Sino US relations, portfolio capital flow, yield advantage and valuation are still the driving factors for RMB. Due to the outbreak of the second wave of the epidemic, there was an outflow of funds from the United States. This should also boost market confidence in the RMB in the short term

2、“ Digital RMB & quot; It is a milestone of RMB internationalization; Digital RMB & quot; The design of settlement technology is very complex and becomes ubiquitous (by making full use of the increasing popularity of mobile phones and Internet applications in China and the inclusion of RMB in the IMF's special drawing rights basket), which may promote the internationalization of RMB and the diversification of the current US dollar centered International Monetary System in the long run

conclusion: when the central bank issues digital currency, it focuses more on domestic factors. On the one hand, it is the trend of the times; on the other hand, it has many advantages. And the internationalization of RMB, more often, is a matter of course. The introction of digital currency by the people's Bank of China is a major change in the monetary system, both domestically and internationally

8. This kind of digital currency is far away. This kind of digital currency is not legal in China, and it often spreads some false information. Bitcoin home has exposed a number of similar pyramid schemes. For example, Vicat currency fraud, Baichuan currency fraud and so on
bitcoin, Ruitai and Laite are the real digital currencies.