How to draw a line on the K-line graph of digital currency

1. http://58.251.57.206/down?cid=&t=3&fmt=&usrinput= Wheat catcher & DT = 2002000 & PS = 0_ 0&rt=0kbs&plt=0

http://58.251.57.206/down?cid=&t=3&fmt=&usrinput= Wheat catcher & DT = 2002000 & PS = 0_ 0 & RT = 0 KBS & PLT = 0

any two will do. I also like Salinger very much. He's a fellow, brother

3. Rough set theory is an objective method to determine the index.

4. Keep classification unchanged

5.

Liu Mingming < sup > 1 < / sup > Wu Yuemin < sup > 1 < / sup > Yang Ming < sup > 2 < / sup >

(1. Hunan Wanyuan appraisal consulting Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410011; 2; 2. School of resources and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079)

Abstract: This paper introces and analyzes two non classical mathematical methods cloud theory and rough set theory, and establishes a land suitability evaluation model based on the combination of cloud theory and rough set theory, And on this basis, the case study and application are carried out

key words: rough set theory; Cloud theory; Data mining; Land suitability evaluation

land suitability evaluation is the evaluation of the suitability and degree of a specific land use type. It is an important part of the rational use of land. Through the study of all the land resources in the region, it provides a scientific basis for the balance of people and land, the adjustment of land layout and land structure, and the development and utilization of land in the overall planning of land use. Therefore, it is one of the most important tasks to evaluate the land suitability and make a reasonable division of the suitability level, and the evaluation method is particularly important as a way to obtain the correct evaluation results

The traditional evaluation methods, such as limit condition method, regression analysis method, empirical index sum method and analytic hierarchy process, are too simple to reflect the actual situation objectively and comprehensively to a certain extent. With the continuous development and improvement of intelligent technology, the evaluation method has also developed from the traditional simple numerical method to intelligent. Due to the uncertainty of land suitability itself, mining technology dealing with a large number of uncertain data is more advantageous

1 Characteristics of rough set theory and cloud theory

rough set theory is a mathematical tool to describe the incompleteness and uncertainty, which can effectively analyze and deal with imprecise, inconsistent, incomplete and other incomplete information, and discover the hidden knowledge and reveal the potential rules. It can discover association rules completely and effectively from existing data, and it can support multiple steps of knowledge acquisition, such as data preprocessing, data rection, rule generation, data dependency acquisition, etc. Cloud theory is a qualitative and quantitative transformation model based on the traditional fuzzy set theory and probability statistics. It uses the expected value Ex, entropy En and super entropy He to represent the qualitative concept. It is a system based on the study of uncertainty transformation between qualitative and quantitative. As a new theory to deal with the uncertainty problem, it can help the discretization of data and the reasoning of rules, which makes the method closer to the field of human thinking and lays a foundation for the development of artificial intelligence

both cloud theory and rough set theory extend the classical set theory in dealing with uncertainty and imprecision. They can be used to describe the imprecision and incompleteness of knowledge, but their starting point and focus are different. Cloud theory combines fuzziness and randomness, while rough set describes the indiscernibility by upper approximation set and lower approximation set. Rough set doesn't need any additional data information, so it has its own advantages in deriving association rules; The method of cloud theory to deal with uncertain information needs some additional information or prior knowledge of data, but it provides a method of qualitative and quantitative conversion. Although cloud theory and rough set theory have different characteristics, they are closely related and have strong complementarity in the study of uncertain data. The cloud theory method is introced into the rough set method to improve the structured model of rough set, which can not only improve the efficiency of the discovery algorithm, but also improve the robustness of the system model. Land suitability is a qualitative concept. Using rough set theory and cloud theory to establish land suitability evaluation model can complement each other and provide the possibility for the objectivity of land suitability evaluation

2 based on the cloud theory and the establishment of rough set evaluation model, the combination of cloud theory and rough set method takes the quantitative to qualitative conversion method based on cloud theory as the pretreatment means of rough set method, and converts quantitative data into qualitative data, or qualitative data into new qualitative data of different conceptual levels, Then the rough set method is used to discover the classification decision knowledge. Finally, the uncertainty reasoning method of cloud theory is used to apply these knowledge, that is, to infer the quantitative or qualitative results according to the new quantitative or qualitative condition data, so as to express and transfer the uncertainty of knowledge and reasoning. As far as the specific model is concerned, the initial decision table is made according to the original data. For each condition attribute, whether it is a discrete attribute is checked. If it is, it is discretized until the whole decision table is transformed into discrete data, and the final decision table is made accordingly. On the basis of this decision table, the rough set method is used to find association rules and calculate the importance of attributes to get association rules. Finally, the qualitative reasoning results are obtained by the reasoning method based on cloud theory. The whole model is shown in Figure 1

Figure 1 evaluation model diagram

in which the detailed process of rule reasoning based on cloud theory is shown in Figure 2

2.1 the establishment of decision table

2.2 data preprocessing

in many cases, the information table to be processed is not a complete information table, and some attribute values in the table are omitted. In this case, the vacancy attribute value can be assigned a special value to distinguish it from other attribute values

Fig.2 cloud theoretical reasoning

2.3 data discretization

use cloud model to simulate human thinking and divide attribute space. Each attribute is regarded as a linguistic variable (or a combination of linguistic variables). For each language variable, several language values are defined, and the adjacent language values are allowed to overlap. The cloud expressing the language value can be given interactively by the user. Let a cloud a < sub > 1 < / sub > (ex < sub > 1 < / sub >, en < sub > 1 < / sub >, he < sub > 1 < / sub >), a < sub > 2 < / sub > (ex < sub > 2 < / sub >, EN < sub > 2 < / sub >, he < sub > 2 < / sub >),..., a < sub > n < / sub > (ex < sub > n < / sub >, en < sub > n < / sub >, he < sub > n < / sub >) be given as a language item, and input any attribute value x to the cloud generator CG < sub > 1 < / sub >, CG < sub > 2 < / sub >,..., CG < sub > n < / sub >, the output value is obtained μ< sub>1， μ< sub>2，……， μ< Sub > n < / sub >, that is, the attribute value μ According to the membership degree of a < sub > 1 < / sub >, a < sub > 2 < / sub >,..., a < sub > n < / sub >, the maximum membership degree is retrieved μ< Sub > I < / sub >, then x is assigned to a < sub > I < / sub >. If there are two degrees of membership μ< Sub > I < / sub > and μ< If sub > J < / sub > is equal to the maximum, then x is randomly assigned to a < sub > I < / sub > or a < sub > J < / sub >

2.4 attribute rection of decision table

based on the knowledge acquisition of rough set theory, the original decision table is reced by using the attribute rection algorithm of discernible matrix and discernible function of decision table, including attribute rection and attribute value rection

Let s = < u, R, V, f > be a decision table system, r = P ∪ d be attribute set, subset P = {a < sub > I < / sub >} I = 1,..., m} and d = {D} be conditional attribute set and decision attribute set respectively, and u = {x < sub > 1 < / sub >, x < sub > 2 < / sub >,..., x < sub > n < / sub >} is universe, A < sub > I < / sub > (x < sub > J < / sub >) is the value of sample x < sub > J < / sub > on attribute a < sub > I < / sub >. C < sub > d < / sub > (I, J) denotes the elements of column J in the i-th row of discernibility matrix, then discernibility matrix C < sub > d < / sub > is defined as: {a < sub > k < / sub >} a < sub > k < / sub > ∈ P Λ a < sub > k < / sub > (x < sub > I < / sub >) ≠ a < sub > k < / sub > (x < sub > J < / sub >)}, D (x < sub > I < / sub >) ≠ D (x < sub > J < / sub >)}

The innovation of land information technology and the development of land science and technology

according to the definition of discernibility matrix, when the decision attribute values of two samples (instances) are the same, their corresponding discernibility matrix values are 0; When the decision attributes of two samples are different and can be distinguished by different values of some conditional attributes, the values of their corresponding discernible matrix elements are the set of conditional attributes with different values of the two samples, that is, the set of conditional attributes that can distinguish the two samples; When two samples conflict, that is, when all the conditional attributes have the same values but the decision attributes have different values, the values of the elements in their corresponding discernibility matrix are empty

2.5 calculate the attribute weight

for the attribute subset B ′ & 8838of the classification at the attribute set C; The importance of B can be measured by the difference of dependency degree between the two, that is:

R < sub > b < / sub > (c) - R < sub > B-B '< / sub > (c)

this indicates how the positive domain of classification U / C is affected when some attribute subset B' object classification is removed from set B

where r < sub > b < / sub > (c) = card (POS < sub > P < / sub > (q)) / card (U)

is a measure of knowledge dependence, where card represents the cardinal number of the set:

innovation of land information technology and development of land science and technology, The positive field of U / Q is the set of objects in U / Q class that all the knowledge expressed by classification U / P in the universe can be definitely transformed into

2.6 extraction of decision rule minimization based on value rection

the extraction of decision rule based on value rection is based on the value rection of decision table. Suppose the decision table has three conditional attributes a, B, C and one decision attribute D. Through attribute value rection of [x] < sub > a < / sub >, [x] < sub > b < / sub >, [x] < sub > C < / sub >, [x] < sub > d < / sub >, the minimum decision rules are calculated under the principle of rule minimization

2.7 rule reasoning based on cloud theory

uncertainty reasoning based on cloud theory can be divided into single rule and multi rule reasoning according to the number of rules, and each rule can be divided into single condition rule and multi condition rule according to the number of rule antecedents. Land suitability evaluation only requires qualitative reasoning results, so this model is solved by calculating the importance of attributes. Firstly, several rules of an instance are activated to get the cloud drops of the membership degree of each rule, and then the virtual cloud is synthesized. The expected value of the virtual cloud is the result. Finally, the qualitative result is selected according to the selection of the maximum membership degree

the land suitability evaluation system designed according to the above theory is shown in Figure 3. The menu is about the basic method of commonly used theory, and the series of steps on the right is about the realization method of building mathematical model. The coordinate interface in the middle is used to display the graphic results

Figure 3 evaluation system interface

3 application example

Qionghai City is located in the east of Hainan Province. It is adjacent to Nanhai in the East, Wenchang in the north, Tunchang in the West and Wanning County in the south. Qionghai City has superior agricultural natural conditions and rich tourism resources, but there are many problems in the city, such as weak instrial foundation, poor mineral resources, energy shortage, scientific and technological water shortage

6. Graation project (Thesis) is the last important learning link before graation, and it is an important process of deepening and sublimation of learning. It is not only a comprehensive summary of students' learning, research and practice achievements, but also a comprehensive test of students' quality and ability, and an important basis for students' Graation qualification and degree qualification certification
1. Composition of graation project (Thesis) materials A. graation project (Thesis) assignment; B. Graation project (Thesis) performance evaluation; C. Graation thesis or graation design specification (including cover, abstract in Chinese and foreign languages or general description of the design (including key words), catalogue, text, thank you, references and appendix); D. Translation and of the original text; E. Drawings, floppy disks, etc
2. The completion of graation project (Thesis) materials and binding of relevant materials. Graation project (Thesis) shall use the graation project (Thesis) data bag, graation project (Thesis) assignment book, graation project (Thesis) performance evaluation book, graation project (Thesis) cover and manuscript paper (downloaded from the Internet of the academic affairs office, unified paper format of the school, A4 printing paper)
the graation project (Thesis) materials should be filled in carefully according to the requirements, the font should be neat, the volume should be clean, and the handwriting should be written in black or blue black ink; The assignment book shall be filled in and signed by the instructor and issued after being signed by the Dean (department head). The graation thesis or design specification shall be bound in order: cover, abstract in Chinese and foreign languages or general description of the design (including key words), catalogue, text, thanks, references and appendix, and then bound together with the assignment book, achievement evaluation book, translation and of the original text, engineering drawings (folded and bound according to national standards) The floppy disk, etc. shall be put into the filled in information bag and handed over to the instructor for checking. After review and evaluation, it shall be filed< A complete graation project (Thesis) should include the following aspects:
1. Title
the title should be short, clear and general. The number of words in the title should be appropriate, not more than 20 words. If some details must be put into the title, they can be divided into main title and sub title
2. The abstract of a paper or the general description of the design summarizes the content of the research topic in a condensed form. The Chinese abstract is about 300 words, the foreign abstract is about 250 notional words, and the key words are generally 3-5
the general description of design mainly introces the source of design tasks, design standards, design principles and main technical data. The number of Chinese words should be within 1500-2000, the number of foreign words should be about 1000, the number of notional words should be about 5
3. Table of contents
the table of contents is compiled according to three-level titles (i.e. 1..., 1.1..., 1.1.1...), and the title level is required to be clear. The title in the table of contents shall be consistent with that in the main body, and the appendix shall be listed in the table of contents in turn< The main body of graation project specification (Thesis) includes introction, main body and conclusion, which are as follows: the introction should explain the significance, purpose, research scope and technical requirements of the subject; the introction should explain the main body and conclusion of the thesis; The development situation and existing problems of this subject at home and abroad are briefly described; Explain the guiding ideology of this topic; This paper expounds the main problems that should be solved in this subject, and the amount of text is more than the abstract
the main body of the text is a detailed description of the research work, which includes: the proposal of the problem, the basic premise, hypothesis and condition of the research work; The establishment of the model and the formulation of the experimental scheme; Basic concepts and theoretical basis; Main methods and contents of design calculation; Methods, contents and analysis of the experiment; Theoretical demonstration, the application of theory in the subject, the results of the subject, and the discussion of the results, etc. According to the nature of graation project (Thesis), students generally only involve part of the above content
the conclusion is the summary of the whole research work, the comparison between the results obtained and the existing results, the problems existing in the subject, and the opinions and suggestions for further research. The conclusion should be general and short
5. Words of thanks
words of thanks should be short to express their gratitude to those who have given direct help in the process of project research and design specification (Thesis) writing (such as instructor, question answering teacher and other personnel). This is not only a kind of courtesy, but also a respect for other people's work, which is the ideological style of scholars
6. References and appendices
references are an indispensable part of graation design (Thesis). They reflect the source of materials, the breadth of materials and the reliability of materials. They are also the recognition and respect of the author for other people's knowledge achievements. A complete reference can provide readers with valuable information. Generally speaking, there should not be too many references for graation design (Thesis), but more than 10 should be included in the main literature, including more than 2 foreign literature
the appendix can be included in the appendix of graation project (Thesis) for some valuable contents that should not be put in the main body, such as formula dection and program writing; If there are many symbols quoted in the article, it is convenient for readers to refer to them. You can write a symbol description, indicating the meaning of the symbol. Generally, the length of the appendix should not be too large. If the length of the appendix exceeds the text, it will make people feel light headed and heavy footed< 4. Requirements for graation project (Thesis)
the graation project (Thesis) of our university includes design, theoretical research (Science), experimental research, computer software design, economy, management and liberal arts, comprehensive, etc. the specific requirements are as follows:
1. Design (including machinery, architecture, civil engineering, etc.): students must draw a certain number of drawings independently, In addition to drawing by computer, 1-2 engineering drawings (No. 2 or more) must be drawn by hand; A design specification with more than 15000 words (including calculation sheet and Research Report); There are no less than 10 references, and more than 2 foreign references
2. Theoretical research (Science): engineering students generally do not advocate this kind of topic, and each department should choose the topic carefully, unless the topic really has practical significance. The number of words in the graation project report or thesis should be more than 20000; According to the project, we put forward problems, analyze problems, propose solutions, and carry out modeling, simulation and design calculation; There are no less than 15 references, and more than 4 foreign references
3. Experimental research: students should complete a complete experiment independently and obtain enough experimental data. The experiment should be exploratory rather than simply repeating the existing work; To complete more than 15000 words of papers, including literature review, experimental part of the discussion and conclusion, etc; There are no less than 10 references, including more than 2 foreign literatures
4. Computer software: students need to complete a software or a mole in a larger software independently and have enough workload; To write more than 10000 words of software specifications and papers; If the graation project (Thesis) involves the content of the circuit, it must complete the debugging work, have a complete test results and give a variety of parameters; When it comes to the content of computer software, it is necessary to run the computer demonstration program and give the running results
5. Economics, management and Arts: students complete the opening report under the guidance of teachers; Write a thesis of more than 20000 words with a certain level (the length of foreign language thesis is more than 5000 words.); There are no less than 10 references, including 1-2 foreign literatures
6. Comprehensive: comprehensive graation design (Thesis) should include at least the above three types of contents. If there are engineering design contents, the workload of drawings can be reced as appropriate. The thesis with more than 10000 words should be completed, and the number of references should not be less than 10, including more than 2 foreign literatures
when completing the graation project (Thesis), each student is required to: (1) translate 20000 foreign language printed characters or more than 5000 Chinese characters of relevant technical materials or professional literature (foreign language majors translate 6000-8000 characters of professional foreign language literature or write 10000 characters of Chinese reading report of foreign language literature), The content should be combined with the subject as far as possible 2) Drawing with computer, data collection, data processing, data analysis, literature retrieval, paper editing, etc. Drawing is the basic training of engineering design. In graation design, students use computer to draw, but as the basic training of drawing, a certain amount of ink line and pencil line can be required. The graation design drawings should meet the drawing standards, and the students should refer to the "graation design drawing specification" printed by the Academic Affairs Office in March 2004< Writing
the graation project (Thesis) should be written or printed on the manuscript paper stipulated by the school (black or blue ink must be used when writing). The text and chart should not be written on the back of the manuscript paper, any part of the text should not be written outside the border of the manuscript paper, and the manuscript paper should not be lengthened or truncated at will. Chinese characters must use the standard characters published by the state
2. Punctuation in graation project (Thesis) should be in accordance with & quot; Punctuation usage & quot; use. 3. Terms and names science and technology terms shall adopt the standard words published by the national natural science terms examination and approval committee or the names specified in the national standards and ministry standards as far as possible. For terms that have not been uniformly specified or have controversial names, the commonly used names can be used. When a term is replaced by a foreign abbreviation, its meaning should be indicated in brackets when it first appears. Foreigners' first names are usually written in English according to the principle of first name followed by last name. Generally well-known foreign names (such as Newton, Darwin, Marx, etc.) can be translated according to the usual standard translation method
4. Quantity and unit
quantity and unit must adopt the national standard gb3100-gb3102-93 of the people's Republic of China, which is based on the international system of units (SI). The unit of non physical quantity, such as piece, station, person, yuan, etc., can be composed of Chinese characters and symbols, such as piece / station, yuan / km< Figures
the measurement statistics in graation project (Thesis) are all Arabic numerals, but when describing a small number, Arabic numerals are generally not used, such as & quot; He found two asteroids& quot; Three forces act on one point;, It should not be written as & quot; He found two asteroids& quot; Three forces act on one point;. Approximate numbers can be in Chinese or Arabic numerals, such as & quot; About 150 people;, It can also be written as & quot; About 150 people
6. Title level
all title levels of graation project (Thesis) should be orderly, neat and clear. The same level should be expressed in a unified way, and the contents under the headings of all levels in the text should correspond to their respective headings, and there should be no contents unrelated to the headings. Chapter numbering method should adopt hierarchical Arabic numeral numbering method, the first level is & quot; 1"、& quot; 2"、& quot; 3" The second level is & quot; 2.1"、& quot; 2.2"、& quot; 2.3" The third level is & quot; 2.2.1"、& quot; 2.2.2"、& quot; 2.2.3" But the number of Arabic numerals is generally no more than four levels, and the lower corner is used between the two levels

7. There is a mountaineering entrance in Shekou customs. Generally, you can go up the mountain from here and take a bus to the United hospital. You can walk a few minutes to the mountaineering entrance.

Route 1: start from Xili Town, take 224 (Xili liuxianju (Guanlong Village) - Sea World) to reach the United hospital. About 13.54 km
Route 2: start from Xili Town, take 332 (Shekou Lane Guanlan passenger station), Arrive at the United hospital. About 13.61 km
route 3: start from Dashahe, take 226 (xilihu Chiwan), transfer to No. 328 (Shekou wharf Gangtou Village) at new energy, and arrive at the United hospital. About 13.36 km

8. Where are you in Xili? Xili is such a big place. Taking the bus is here. I don't know if I can help you
from the east of Xili hospital, take No.81 to Nanshan garden.
from Dashahe, take no.226 to change No.42 to Nanshan garden in Xin'an ancient city.
or you can go online to find the local treasure map of Shenzhen and check it.
http://map.sz.bendibao.com/

9. Xili walks 146 meters to the station, 14 stops, air conditioning on M208 road
get on at Xinwei village
get off at Nanshan Central District, and walk 107 meters to Nanshan coastal city

10. Ticket price: 165; Line 7 5 → line 11 → m241
59 minutes | 19.0 km | walk 610 meters
Xili
walk 10 meters
get on at Xili station
line 5 (central line) (Huangbeiling Qianhaiwan) 9 stops
get off at Qianhaiwan station
get on at Qianhaiwan station
get on at line 11 (Futian direction) 1 stop
get off at Nanshan station (exit E2)
walk 340 meters
Get on the bus at Nanshan police station
8 stops of m241 road
get off at the investment development center station
walk 260 meters
Science and technology building of Nanshan District