The principle of digital currency without signal
Publish: 2021-05-11 12:22:48
1. Unless digital currency opens up a business like credit card, you can't pay without money
2. Digital currency is the proct of currency development to a certain stage. The issuance of digital currency is mainly to make transportation more convenient and also concive to the supervision of the economy.
3. Take it easy! Digital currency play spot is very good! Take it and wait for the take-off! The category of leverage is playing! To a black swan or good, zero minutes!
4.
Digital currency is a general term used to describe all forms of electronic currency, whether it is virtual currency or cryptocurrency. It is a form of data expression of value. Through data transaction, it plays the functions of transaction medium, accounting unit and value storage, but it is not the legal currency of any country or region
the concept of digital currency was first put forward in 1983. They only exist in digital or electronic form. Different from the actual paper money or coins, they are invisible. They can only be owned and used on the Internet through e-wallet or designated network. The advantage of digital currency is that there is no bank, the transaction is instant, and the transaction cost is very low. So: coin, token and virtual currency belong to digital currency
the main characteristics of digital currency
1. In terms of payment and settlement, it does not rely on institutions. It is a publicly accessible digital general ledger maintained by the whole distributed network, which is called "blockchain"
2. In terms of issuance and proction, the essence is to keep accounts on a mutually verified public accounting system. Under a certain algorithm mode, find out a string of random codes that meet the conditions, and then package this string of codes with other transaction information into a block and record them in this account book, so as to obtain a certain amount of digital currency
(3) it has no national boundaries, which makes it flow around the world. Virtual world corresponds to the real world, through the exchange relationship between digital currency and traditional currency, under certain conditions, specific digital currency can buy physical goods, and traditional currency can also buy specific virtual goods In theory, its distributed general ledger system can prevent any participant from forging digital currency and rece transaction risk The lower transaction cost of digital currency will promote banks and other financial institutions to improve service level and rece transaction costs Digital currency and mobile financial business model can promote the development of Inclusive Finance5.
many partners who are more interested in investment and financial management may also hear about some digital currencies such as blockchain in their daily life, and there are various subdivisions for these blockchains for example, the blockchain model with or without currency or some data or digital currency will have different performance. From the current point of view, whether some methods of raising some funds through initial issuance are legal or not, such behavior has always existed with the development of blockchain. Moreover, there are no relevant regulations in the law, so there are no clear provisions on whether this kind of behavior is legal or not
we know some concepts of blockchain, but most of them are words like decentralization or leverage. However, the whole operation mode of non currency blockchain is inconsistent with these definitions in principle . Therefore, when you hear about some non currency blockchain, you will feel that this mode is against the law or against the traditional financial investment. There is a great difference between this kind of non currency blockchain and the traditional blockchain, so it can not be called a real blockchain
6. I'm too young to remember the birth of the Internet. When the Internet was booming, I was in high school, a little confused about what happened. At a family party, when my cousin bragged about how much money he made from buying and selling domain names, I thought it was stupid
it's not a reality. Up to now, I still think it's stupid to make money by buying and selling domain names. I know it happens sometimes. It's like a high-risk, low return investment
as a result, the Internet did. Now, 20 years on, domain names are cheap, and search engines make them brand specific Note: the author means that the convenience of search engines makes domain names cheaper and cheaper. Domain names are only related to brands.)
What does this have to do with the value of bitcoin
this is an example of how people's views on value change with the development of technology
at this point, most people see bitcoin as money. The chairman of the US SEC said, "yes, that's how drug gangs use it. Everyone I know thinks so.". It's called "bit coin" for a reason
bitcoin maximalists call it hard currency, critics call it fake money, and veteran players call it cyber currency
W bq89998 push the latest currency from time to time to ensure the minimum 10 times
it's not a reality. Up to now, I still think it's stupid to make money by buying and selling domain names. I know it happens sometimes. It's like a high-risk, low return investment
as a result, the Internet did. Now, 20 years on, domain names are cheap, and search engines make them brand specific Note: the author means that the convenience of search engines makes domain names cheaper and cheaper. Domain names are only related to brands.)
What does this have to do with the value of bitcoin
this is an example of how people's views on value change with the development of technology
at this point, most people see bitcoin as money. The chairman of the US SEC said, "yes, that's how drug gangs use it. Everyone I know thinks so.". It's called "bit coin" for a reason
bitcoin maximalists call it hard currency, critics call it fake money, and veteran players call it cyber currency
W bq89998 push the latest currency from time to time to ensure the minimum 10 times
7.
The star silver ore is distributed in many places at the white spot in the figure below. You can chop it with the big sword
8. 1. For accessing the Internet through a server,
BT download is loved by the majority of users with its unique advantages. It also provides upload for other users at the same time, so the more people download, the faster its speed. However, the trouble also follows. If multiple users use BT to download at the same time, it will occupy a lot of network bandwidth and seriously affect the normal work of other users. Therefore, we can strictly limit the user's BT download traffic or completely prohibit BT download
limit bandwidth
BT can harm LAN because it takes up a lot of network bandwidth. Therefore, limiting the network bandwidth of each user can obviously alleviate the harm of BT to the network. The author takes ccproxy as an example to limit the user's bandwidth
in the main window of ccproxy on the server side, click "account" to open the Account Management dialog box, select "allowed part" in the "allowed range" in the property bar, and then click "new" to open the account dialog box. Next, limit the bandwidth of clients with IP address "192.168.0.12"
enter the IP address in the "IP address / IP segment", and then set the "maximum number of connections", which is "- 1" by default, that is, there is no restriction. Enter "5" here, so that the client can only establish five connections with the proxy service, which can limit the number of threads used in BT download. Then set the maximum network bandwidth for the customer in the "bandwidth (byte / s)" column. If the limit is 100kb / s, you can enter "102400", and finally click "OK". In this way, the client can only use 100kb / s bandwidth, and it can only establish up to five connections with the proxy server. The restriction method of other clients is the same as this, and will not be repeated
completely block BT download
to solve the harm of BT to LAN, the most thorough method is not to allow BT download, BT generally uses TCP port 6881 ~ 6889. As the personal network firewall can only close the BT port of the local computer, which is invalid for LAN users, the author uses isa2004 to close the BT port
in the ISA console window, right-click "firewall policy", select "new → access rule", and the access rule Wizard dialog box will pop up. Enter "disable BT" in the "access rule name" column, click "next" button, select "reject" option, and then select "selected protocol" in the "Protocol" dialog box
click the "add" button, click "new → Protocol" in the "add Protocol" dialog box to open the protocol definition Wizard dialog box, enter "BT" in the name column, and click the "next" button to enter the "primary connection information" dialog box. Click "new" to open "new / edit protocol connection" dialog box, select "TCP" in "protocol type", select "inbound" as the direction, port range is "from 6881 to 6889", then click "OK", and then click "next" all the way to complete the definition of BT protocol
then expand "user defined" in the add protocol dialog box, add BT protocol, and click "next" to specify the access rule source. Click the "add" button to open the "add network entity" dialog box, expand the network directory and select "internal". Click the "add" button, then click the "next" button to set the access rule target, expand the network directory in the network entity dialog box, add "external", then enter the "user set" dialog box, select "all users" and click the "finish" button
finally, select this rule in the firewall policy window and click the "application" button at the top. In this way, users in the LAN can't download BT. However, this method also has some shortcomings. If BT software does not use ports 6881-6889, the rule will be invalid. As the BT port is changeable, once the BT download port changes, you have to find the new port immediately and block it< 2. For Wan - & gt; Routing - & gt; Switch - & gt; PC access to the Internet
because access to the Internet is not achieved through a server, so we can not use the above method, so we need to
1. Determine the machine with excessive data flow.
I use the Chinese version of sniffer 4.70, specific usage:
1. Installation of sniffer software
after downloading sniffer software on the Internet, run the installation program directly, The system will prompt you to input your personal information and software registration code. After the installation, restart, and then install the sniffer Chinese patch. After running sniffer program, the system will automatically search the network adapter in the machine and click OK to enter the main interface of sniffer< Second, the use of sniffer software
after opening the sniffer software, the main interface will appear, showing some machine lists and the current operation of sniffer software. The top is the menu of the software, the bottom is some shortcut menu, and there is a row of shortcut menu buttons on the left. Due to the use of Chinese version of the software, so some words are not too accurate
1. Get the list of machines in the network
after sniffer software runs, first search the machines in the network. In the "tools" menu, find the "address book" option and run it. In the tool menu on the left side of the "address book", you can find a "magnifying glass" icon, which is the "auto search" button. After running the "automatic search" function, enter the start IP address and end address of the network in the IP address section, and then the system will search automatically. After the search, a list of machines will appear as shown in Figure 1
2. Save the machine list
after sniffer searches all the machine lists in the network, you can select the "save address book" option in the "database" menu to save the current machine list for future use. Because sniffer's address book stores the IP address of the client in the network, the MAC address of the network card and other information, if the client in the network changes the network card, it must search the list of machines again and save the address book again. If no new machines are added to the network, there is no need to update the address book< When sniffer enters, you need to set the network card information of the current machine. After entering the sniffer software, the interface as shown in Figure 2 will appear. You can see the Chinese menu of sniffer software. Below are some common tool buttons. In daily network maintenance, using these tool buttons can solve the problem
1. Host list button: after saving the list of machines, click this button, sniffer will display the information of all machines in the network, and the HW address column is the information of clients in the network. Clients in the network usually have a unique name, so you can see the name of the client in the HW address bar. For the machine with sniffer, use "local" in HW address bar; For switches, routers and other network devices in the network, sniffer can only display the MAC address of these network devices
inbound and outbound packets refer to the number of packets sent and received by the client, followed by the size of bytes sent and received by the client. You can view the data traffic in the network
2. Matrix button: the matrix function indicates the data trend of the client through a circular legend, and you can see the machine that has data exchange with the client. To use this function, first select the client, and then click this button
3. Request response time button: request response time function, which can view the details of the website visited by the client. When a client visits a site, you can use this function to view the information such as the time from the request made by the client to the response of the server
4. Alarm log button: when sniffer monitors abnormal network conditions, it will be automatically recorded in the alarm log. So after opening sniffer software, you should first check the alarm log to see if the network is running normally< Fourth, the application of sniffer in network maintenance, to solve the problem of network transmission quality
the application of sniffer in the Internet bar network, mainly uses its traffic analysis and view function, to solve the network transmission quality problems in the Internet bar
1. Broadcast storm: broadcast storm is the most common network failure in Internet cafes. The network broadcast storm is usually caused by the client being attacked by virus, network equipment damage and other failures. You can use the host list function in sniffer to check which machines in the network have the largest traffic. By combining the matrix, you can see which machine has abnormal data traffic. Thus, the specific fault point of the network can be determined in the shortest time
2. Network attack: with the continuous development of the network, hacker technology has attracted many network enthusiasts. As a result, some junior hackers began to experiment with Internet cafes. DDoS attack has become a means for some hackers to show off their technology. Due to the large data flow of Internet cafes and external DDoS attack, the network of Internet cafes may be interrupted for a short time. For similar attacks, using sniffer software can effectively determine whether the network is affected by the broadcast storm or from external attacks
3. Detection of network hardware failure: as long as the hardware devices working in the network are damaged, the data flow will be abnormal. Sniffer can easily judge the physically damaged network hardware devices
- ---
2. Cut off the network of the computer using BT
there are many software to cut off the network connection of the computer in the LAN, such as netcut, network law enforcement officer, etc.
now let me talk about the network law enforcement officer:
network law enforcement officer is a network management software, which can be used to manage the LAN, It can forbid any machine in LAN to connect to the network. For network management, this function is very practical, but now this excellent management tool software has become a "murder weapon" for many troublemakers. They often use this function to prohibit some machines from accessing the Internet normally. However, as long as we fully understand the specific functions of network law enforcement officers, we can easily deal with these malicious disturbances<
I. Introction to network law enforcement officer
running netrobocop.exe on any machine in the LAN can penetrate the firewall, real-time monitor and record the online situation of the whole LAN users, limit the IP and time period used by each user, and kick illegal users off the LAN. The software is applicable to the LAN, and can not monitor or manage the machines outside the gateway or router. It is suitable for LAN administrators
in the network law enforcement officers, if you want to restrict a machine from accessing the Internet, just click "permission" in the "network card" menu, select the specified network card number, or click the line of the network card in the user list, and select "permission" from the right-click menu
BT download is loved by the majority of users with its unique advantages. It also provides upload for other users at the same time, so the more people download, the faster its speed. However, the trouble also follows. If multiple users use BT to download at the same time, it will occupy a lot of network bandwidth and seriously affect the normal work of other users. Therefore, we can strictly limit the user's BT download traffic or completely prohibit BT download
limit bandwidth
BT can harm LAN because it takes up a lot of network bandwidth. Therefore, limiting the network bandwidth of each user can obviously alleviate the harm of BT to the network. The author takes ccproxy as an example to limit the user's bandwidth
in the main window of ccproxy on the server side, click "account" to open the Account Management dialog box, select "allowed part" in the "allowed range" in the property bar, and then click "new" to open the account dialog box. Next, limit the bandwidth of clients with IP address "192.168.0.12"
enter the IP address in the "IP address / IP segment", and then set the "maximum number of connections", which is "- 1" by default, that is, there is no restriction. Enter "5" here, so that the client can only establish five connections with the proxy service, which can limit the number of threads used in BT download. Then set the maximum network bandwidth for the customer in the "bandwidth (byte / s)" column. If the limit is 100kb / s, you can enter "102400", and finally click "OK". In this way, the client can only use 100kb / s bandwidth, and it can only establish up to five connections with the proxy server. The restriction method of other clients is the same as this, and will not be repeated
completely block BT download
to solve the harm of BT to LAN, the most thorough method is not to allow BT download, BT generally uses TCP port 6881 ~ 6889. As the personal network firewall can only close the BT port of the local computer, which is invalid for LAN users, the author uses isa2004 to close the BT port
in the ISA console window, right-click "firewall policy", select "new → access rule", and the access rule Wizard dialog box will pop up. Enter "disable BT" in the "access rule name" column, click "next" button, select "reject" option, and then select "selected protocol" in the "Protocol" dialog box
click the "add" button, click "new → Protocol" in the "add Protocol" dialog box to open the protocol definition Wizard dialog box, enter "BT" in the name column, and click the "next" button to enter the "primary connection information" dialog box. Click "new" to open "new / edit protocol connection" dialog box, select "TCP" in "protocol type", select "inbound" as the direction, port range is "from 6881 to 6889", then click "OK", and then click "next" all the way to complete the definition of BT protocol
then expand "user defined" in the add protocol dialog box, add BT protocol, and click "next" to specify the access rule source. Click the "add" button to open the "add network entity" dialog box, expand the network directory and select "internal". Click the "add" button, then click the "next" button to set the access rule target, expand the network directory in the network entity dialog box, add "external", then enter the "user set" dialog box, select "all users" and click the "finish" button
finally, select this rule in the firewall policy window and click the "application" button at the top. In this way, users in the LAN can't download BT. However, this method also has some shortcomings. If BT software does not use ports 6881-6889, the rule will be invalid. As the BT port is changeable, once the BT download port changes, you have to find the new port immediately and block it< 2. For Wan - & gt; Routing - & gt; Switch - & gt; PC access to the Internet
because access to the Internet is not achieved through a server, so we can not use the above method, so we need to
1. Determine the machine with excessive data flow.
I use the Chinese version of sniffer 4.70, specific usage:
1. Installation of sniffer software
after downloading sniffer software on the Internet, run the installation program directly, The system will prompt you to input your personal information and software registration code. After the installation, restart, and then install the sniffer Chinese patch. After running sniffer program, the system will automatically search the network adapter in the machine and click OK to enter the main interface of sniffer< Second, the use of sniffer software
after opening the sniffer software, the main interface will appear, showing some machine lists and the current operation of sniffer software. The top is the menu of the software, the bottom is some shortcut menu, and there is a row of shortcut menu buttons on the left. Due to the use of Chinese version of the software, so some words are not too accurate
1. Get the list of machines in the network
after sniffer software runs, first search the machines in the network. In the "tools" menu, find the "address book" option and run it. In the tool menu on the left side of the "address book", you can find a "magnifying glass" icon, which is the "auto search" button. After running the "automatic search" function, enter the start IP address and end address of the network in the IP address section, and then the system will search automatically. After the search, a list of machines will appear as shown in Figure 1
2. Save the machine list
after sniffer searches all the machine lists in the network, you can select the "save address book" option in the "database" menu to save the current machine list for future use. Because sniffer's address book stores the IP address of the client in the network, the MAC address of the network card and other information, if the client in the network changes the network card, it must search the list of machines again and save the address book again. If no new machines are added to the network, there is no need to update the address book< When sniffer enters, you need to set the network card information of the current machine. After entering the sniffer software, the interface as shown in Figure 2 will appear. You can see the Chinese menu of sniffer software. Below are some common tool buttons. In daily network maintenance, using these tool buttons can solve the problem
1. Host list button: after saving the list of machines, click this button, sniffer will display the information of all machines in the network, and the HW address column is the information of clients in the network. Clients in the network usually have a unique name, so you can see the name of the client in the HW address bar. For the machine with sniffer, use "local" in HW address bar; For switches, routers and other network devices in the network, sniffer can only display the MAC address of these network devices
inbound and outbound packets refer to the number of packets sent and received by the client, followed by the size of bytes sent and received by the client. You can view the data traffic in the network
2. Matrix button: the matrix function indicates the data trend of the client through a circular legend, and you can see the machine that has data exchange with the client. To use this function, first select the client, and then click this button
3. Request response time button: request response time function, which can view the details of the website visited by the client. When a client visits a site, you can use this function to view the information such as the time from the request made by the client to the response of the server
4. Alarm log button: when sniffer monitors abnormal network conditions, it will be automatically recorded in the alarm log. So after opening sniffer software, you should first check the alarm log to see if the network is running normally< Fourth, the application of sniffer in network maintenance, to solve the problem of network transmission quality
the application of sniffer in the Internet bar network, mainly uses its traffic analysis and view function, to solve the network transmission quality problems in the Internet bar
1. Broadcast storm: broadcast storm is the most common network failure in Internet cafes. The network broadcast storm is usually caused by the client being attacked by virus, network equipment damage and other failures. You can use the host list function in sniffer to check which machines in the network have the largest traffic. By combining the matrix, you can see which machine has abnormal data traffic. Thus, the specific fault point of the network can be determined in the shortest time
2. Network attack: with the continuous development of the network, hacker technology has attracted many network enthusiasts. As a result, some junior hackers began to experiment with Internet cafes. DDoS attack has become a means for some hackers to show off their technology. Due to the large data flow of Internet cafes and external DDoS attack, the network of Internet cafes may be interrupted for a short time. For similar attacks, using sniffer software can effectively determine whether the network is affected by the broadcast storm or from external attacks
3. Detection of network hardware failure: as long as the hardware devices working in the network are damaged, the data flow will be abnormal. Sniffer can easily judge the physically damaged network hardware devices
- ---
2. Cut off the network of the computer using BT
there are many software to cut off the network connection of the computer in the LAN, such as netcut, network law enforcement officer, etc.
now let me talk about the network law enforcement officer:
network law enforcement officer is a network management software, which can be used to manage the LAN, It can forbid any machine in LAN to connect to the network. For network management, this function is very practical, but now this excellent management tool software has become a "murder weapon" for many troublemakers. They often use this function to prohibit some machines from accessing the Internet normally. However, as long as we fully understand the specific functions of network law enforcement officers, we can easily deal with these malicious disturbances<
I. Introction to network law enforcement officer
running netrobocop.exe on any machine in the LAN can penetrate the firewall, real-time monitor and record the online situation of the whole LAN users, limit the IP and time period used by each user, and kick illegal users off the LAN. The software is applicable to the LAN, and can not monitor or manage the machines outside the gateway or router. It is suitable for LAN administrators
in the network law enforcement officers, if you want to restrict a machine from accessing the Internet, just click "permission" in the "network card" menu, select the specified network card number, or click the line of the network card in the user list, and select "permission" from the right-click menu
9. 6.The doctor told my dad to stay healthy by __not smoking ___ (not smoke)
by + doing 结构
7.Our school life will be _____ (be)more instersting. 将来时
我们的校园生活将更有意思
10.Do you have anything _to say____ (say) to me?
用不定式作定语.
楼主,希望对你有帮助.
by + doing 结构
7.Our school life will be _____ (be)more instersting. 将来时
我们的校园生活将更有意思
10.Do you have anything _to say____ (say) to me?
用不定式作定语.
楼主,希望对你有帮助.
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