On the understanding of digital currency reform

1. digital currency is the need of future development. From animal tooth and shell currency to metal currency and paper currency, human beings have all developed for the development of Commerce and trade. It is not the proct of political groups. It is the proct of social and economic development. The right to issue currency is snatched from the people by political groups, which is forcibly snatched for the benefit of some economic and political groups Not all currencies are issued by the government: for example, the Hong Kong dollar, the euro and other digital currencies issued for banks and political groups are the proct of shearing and manipulation by interest groups like the United States. It is also the necessity of printing and issuing trade currency if you want to. It is the proct of social economic science and technology, so it is the necessity of development. I think digital currency is the medium of trade exchange in the future. Share source video.

2. Knowledge based military, intelligent weapons, digital battlefield, information war and deterrence strategy have become the basic trend of military development in the 21st century, and the discipline comprehensiveness is more prominent. In the future, any solution to military war problems, science and technology problems, social development problems and environmental problems will be highly comprehensive, and almost all disciplines and specialties can become the research objects of national defense science and technology. In 1993, the U.S. Department of defense launched an action to jointly formulate a defense science and technology plan, and proposed to the Joint Chiefs of staff the 2010 joint operations vision, the joint operations science and technology plan, the defense technology field plan, and the basic research plan, covering almost all military related science and engineering fields. The basic research program alone covers 12 disciplines, including physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science, electronics, materials science, mechanics, marine science, earth science, atmospheric space science, biological science and cognitive neuroscience. We should change our traditional thinking, build an advanced and reasonable discipline system of national defense science and technology, create a world-class university with our military characteristics, and enrich and develop national defense science and technology in accordance with the development mode of "military, comprehensive, research and open". The characteristics of military confrontation are distinct“ The rule of "there is a spear, there is a shield". Science and technology itself is a double-edged sword, while national defense science and technology have more distinctive military antagonism: reconnaissance and anti reconnaissance, stealth and anti stealth, jamming and anti-jamming, guidance and anti guidance, destruction and anti destruction, virus and anti-virus; Tank anti tank, missile anti missile, aircraft carrier anti aircraft carrier, satellite anti satellite; Air attack and anti air attack, landing and anti landing, blockade and anti blockade; Information attack and defense, electronic countermeasure, missile attack and defense, system of systems countermeasure; Weapon informatization and information weaponization, new concept weapon and new concept weapon all embody two aspects of one problem. New concepts of weapons emerge one after another. New concept weapon is a historical category, and its breakthrough is of milestone and epoch-making significance. In the era of cold weapons, it is difficult to divide attack and defense when short soldiers fight; In the era of hot weapons, the combination of attack and defense, long-range mobility; In the era of nuclear weapons, it is extremely powerful and can deter qu bing. In the future battlefield, there will be too many new concept weapons: kinetic energy weapons such as electromagnetic energy launchers and electrothermal guns, which use electric pulse power as energy to break through the speed limit of conventional artillery systems; Laser weapons, high-power microwave weapons, particle beam weapons and other directional energy weapons have changed the traditional thinking of "gun, gun and bullet", and realized the dream of "gun without bullet, zero hour flight, direct aiming"; Gene weapons can destroy a certain race or a certain kind of people; The infrasonic weapons hide the killing machine in the silent place, which makes it more difficult for people to defend; There are also micron / nano weapons, digital intelligent robot forces... The new concept of weapons is the broad sense of weapons, which regards all means beyond the traditional military field, but still can be used in war operations as weapons. In the era of information network, man-made stock disaster, hacker intrusion, false intelligence and power failure can be included in the new concept of weapons. The new concept of weapon provides direction for the new concept of weapon, and the new concept of weapon makes the new concept of weapon fixed. New concept weapon is the concentrated embodiment of military knowledge innovation and military technology innovation. In the era of knowledge military with the rapid development of national defense science and technology, new concepts of weapons beyond the modern era emerge in endlessly, and new concepts of weapons beyond the future will continue to emerge. The al-use of military and civilian is increasingly obvious. Modern high technology is almost all al-purpose technology, with the characteristics of strong versatility. The progress of science and technology in the field of information and the Kosovo war show that the boundary between the army and the people is becoming more and more blurred. The basic science and technology involved in national defense science and technology include infrared technology, low light level technology, laser technology, radar technology, optical fiber technology, photoelectric inertial technology, integrated optical technology, computer technology, communication technology, artificial intelligence technology, virtual reality technology, and management technology. Most of them are highly versatile technologies, It can support the development and transformation of many kinds of weapon systems, and has distinct al-use characteristics. Dual use, mutual promotion, is a direction. On the one hand, in the design phase of the new system, civil technology, procts, practical experience and capabilities should be used as much as possible, and the economic bearing capacity should be fully considered; On the other hand, many key technologies of national defense are being developed or matured in the commercial and international fields. Therefore, the proction of military procts and civilian procts will rely on the same instrial base as much as possible to give full play to the advantages of economies of scale and technological innovation of civilian instry. At the same time, the military system and national defense departments will also maintain stable scientific research funds, maintain investment in key defense science and technology fields, carry out high-quality basic research, cultivate future scientific and technological teams and "smart buyers", promote cooperation between scientific research institutions inside and outside the military, accelerate technology transfer, and selectively use technology to meet social needs.

4. When an instry is rising, the first wave is platform and traffic, and then the various applications. And like anti-counterfeiting traceability and supply chain, I am very optimistic about TAC traceability chain.

5. Public Tianlong% kW public Tianlong

6. 1. The liquor chain is the first chain of liquor application in the world. It is a unicorn without homogeneous competition and has great value
2. Liquor chain is a value project with real landing application scenarios and commercial closed-loop. The longer the holding time, the higher the value
3. The docking application between wine chain and entities has just begun and has achieved initial results. In the future, the more docking applications, the wider and deeper the use, the greater the value
4. The liquor chain has been launched on the two exchanges of currency tiger global and fcoin, with the highest rise of 413% against the trend in the bear market and the breakout, which fully shows that drink has received wide recognition and consensus from the market
5. Liquor is a millennium instry with a trillion market. Liquor chain has broad application space and huge market potential
6. The price of liquor chain will be doubled after the public chain goes online, and the price will be doubled after the cross chain cooperation of liquor chain is realized
7. The number of d-ball downloads and registrations exceeds one million, and the daily average new registrations exceed 20000, bringing hundreds of wine orders every day. Drink is in real circulation and of great value
8. The liquor chain creates the "seigniorage" of the global liquor instry, seizes the right to speak in the instry, and each participant will own shares in the instry
9. The founding team of liquor chain has been doing practical work with strong action power. Since the launch of drink, the team has been continuously promoting the implementation and application of the project and never stopped
10. The liquor chain has nearly 1000 communities and more than 300000 fans, which will surely create greater value for the liquor chain
11. The short-term depends on technology, and the long-term depends on faith. People who make money in the coin circle are hoarding money rather than speculation
12. When the bull market comes, the liquor chain will be able to grow rapidly
13. Instry chain is the future development direction of blockchain application. Liquor chain is the pioneer of instry chain, and has incubated more than 10 instry chains and one instry chain exchange. In the future, drink will become the Ethereum in the instry chain
14. The instry chains incubated by the liquor chain team are all based on drink, and the market demand of drink is constantly growing
15. In the raising stage of liquor chain, the original quota anchoring method of equivalent liquor is adopted. All partners participating in the raising will return the capital. Without the pressure of capital return, the investors will hold it for a long time. The more holders, the longer the time, the higher the price
16. After the liquor chain goes online, it will be underpinned by liquor, with constant anchor currency price and no risk for long-term holding
17. Drink is in line with the major policy of the national chain reform and the general trend of the currency circle from the virtual to the real
18. Drink is a practitioner of token economy and is in the forefront
19. The liquor chain "troika" will lead drink to take off.

7. Yes, yu'ebao and bitcoin are not the same concept. One is to make full use of currency, and the other is to replace traditional currency. And there is no effective regulation, so bitcoin is bound to fail

8. Electronic money refers to the exchange of a certain amount of cash or deposit from the issuer and obtaining the data representing the same amount. By using some electronic methods, the data can be directly transferred to the payment object, so as to pay off the debt
features:
(1) based on computer technology, it can store, pay and circulate
(2) it can be widely used in the fields of proction, exchange, distribution and consumption
(3) integrating savings, credit and non cash settlement
(4) e-money is easy to use, safe, fast and reliable
(5) at present, the use of e-money usually uses bank cards (magnetic cards, smart cards) as the media
(1) the nature of e-money
there is still controversy in the academic circles about whether e-money constitutes money. Some legal scholars think that it is unrealistic to entrust the legal experts with the task of proving whether electronic currency constitutes a new type of currency on the premise that the concept of currency has not been finalized in the economic circle. It is generally believed that whether electronic money is a kind of money should be dealt with on a case by case basis. For the primary electronic currency of credit card and stored value card, it can only be regarded as an electronic tool to query and transfer bank deposits or an electronic tool to pay for the existing currency, and can not really constitute a kind of currency. However, in order to truly become a kind of currency in circulation, cash simulation electronic currency should also meet the following conditions:
(1) it is widely accepted as a measure of value and an exchange intermediary, rather than just as a commodity
(2) it must be the ultimate means to pay off the debt that does not depend on the credit of the bank or the issuing institution, and the party receiving the payment does not need to retain the right of recourse
(3) free circulation and complete convertibility
(4) it can be a means of preserving value without collection, liquidation and settlement 5) The payment is completely unspecific and anonymous
to study the above-mentioned Mondex card and e-cash, first of all, their value is based on the existing cash and deposit, which is the proct of the issuer's electronic value of the existing currency. Holding electronic currency only means that the holder has the right to exchange the value of cash or deposit with the issuer; Secondly, according to the principle of legal currency, if e-money really becomes a kind of currency, it needs to be explicitly approved by a country's legislation. Therefore, electronic currency can be regarded as a secondary currency based on the existing currency, and it can not be regarded as a kind of currency completely independently
e-money is a kind of information currency
in the final analysis, e-money is just conceptual monetary information, which is actually a special information composed of a group of data including the user's identity, password, amount, scope of use, etc., so it can also be called digital currency. When people use e-money transactions, they actually exchange the relevant information. After the information is transmitted to the merchants who set up this kind of business, the settlement between the two sides of the transaction is more economical, more convenient and faster than the way of the real banking system
e-money is a quasi currency that can be paid.
whether e-money can be called currency depends on whether e-money can independently perform the function of currency. At present, electronic currency can play the role of payment and settlement, but it is only a quasi currency that may perform monetary functions. First of all, e-money lacks the price standard of money, so it can't measure and express the value and price of goods alone, and it can't have the means of value preservation. Instead, it can only rely on the function of value measurement and value storage of real money; Secondly, because electronic money is based on certain electronic devices - smart cards and computers, its circulation and use must have certain technical facilities and software support. Therefore, we can not really carry out the function of circulation means; Finally, although the most basic function of e-money is to implement the means of payment, most of the existing e-money can not be used for direct payment between indivials. Moreover, when paying to a special merchant, the merchant has to collect the real money from the bank or credit card company that issued the e-money before the payment is recovered, E-money can not perform the function of payment means independently. It can be seen that the current electronic currency is a new currency form or payment method based on the existing currency
(2) there is no unified solution to the issue of the main body of electronic currency in various countries, but it depends on the specific national conditions. The United States and Europe hold different positions on the issue of institutions issuing e-money: the Federal Reserve of the United States holds that non bank institutions should be allowed to issue e-money, because non banks must develop safe procts because of the high cost of developing and marketing e-money. The United States does not think that non banking institutions will pose a threat to banks, because they think that banks have a good reputation, so consumers tend to trust the e-money issued by major local banks rather than the e-money issued by a newly established non banking institution. The working group of the European Monetary Authority (EMU) considers that only the credit institutions supervised by the competent authorities can issue electronic money. For example, the European Monetary Fund (EMI) published the report on prepaid cards in May 1994, which was submitted by the European settlement system business department. It pointed out that the funds collected by e-wallet issuers should be regarded as bank deposits. In principle, only financial institutions are allowed to issue e-wallets. In the amendment to the "credit system law", Germany, a member of the European Union, stipulates that all electronic currency can only be issued by banks. In China, as for credit cards, the "measures for the administration of credit card business" implemented on April 1, 1996 stipulates that the issuers of credit cards are limited to commercial banks, and there is no legal provision for other types of electronic currency other than credit cards. As far as China's current situation and national conditions are concerned, it is more feasible for the main body of issuing e-money to be the people's Bank of China or the financial institutions entrusted by the people's Bank of China. The reasons are as follows: first, it helps the government to monitor e-money, adjust its monetary policy in time according to the development of e-money research and practice, and ensure the reliability of the payment system. Second, because the e-money issued by the central bank is more reliable in terms of credibility and final cashability, it is easier for consumers to accept and actively participate in, thus promoting the popularization and development of e-money< Third, the security of e-money, because only in the presence of high-tech infrastructure, can e-money be used in e-commerce in an efficient and effective way. Some people think that if we want to make e-money "negotiable" in the future and "make people trust its security", then this security technology should be regulated by the government. Otherwise, if there is no certain regulatory standard, where is the credit of e-money? How can it circulate? However, the question here is how to grasp the scale of government supervision? Just as there is a dispute about technology neutrality and technology specialization in electronic signature technology, the over regulation of the government will hinder the development of technology, which is fatal to the rapid development of e-commerce. However, if it is not regulated, the credit of e-money will be difficult to establish. Therefore, it is very important to grasp the scale of government regulation
(4) for the liquidity of electronic currency, if the electronic currency is encrypted, it is in fact the same as being registered. If you want to be anonymous, you can't even add the password. The problem is that if anonymous e-money is used, some criminal activities, such as money laundering, drug trafficking, terrorist activities, arms trading, will be rampant, and law enforcement agencies will not be able to find out the source or destination of these e-money in the network. In this case, there will be no way to protect users. There is no doubt that e-money has no borders and can be transferred instantaneously, which will cause a blind spot in public security. The law should weigh the two and make a balance between them
(5) protection of consumers' rights and interests in e-money transactions, a large amount of settlement information will be accumulated and stored in the settlement service providers. Different types of electronic money and Settlement Types involve different personal information, and the privacy degree and scope of the personal information are also different. Customers may not be able to understand the large amount of personal information accumulated by settlement service providers, resulting in insecurity. Therefore, the settlement provider should disclose the scope and privacy of the personal information stored and accumulated by it to the customer, and ensure that the accumulation and use of the information is only for the purpose of ensuring the security of the transaction.