Zhao Haining's video on digital currency
Publish: 2021-04-05 23:27:11
1. Weapon physical attack * (1 + 0.004 power) * (1 + mastery) + ignore, calculate by yourself
2. Yes, it's definitely not what Zhao Haining said. The 19 points in the article don't even have the basic knowledge! A high school student can't write such an ignorant article! It's hard to say that some elements are making trouble again!
3. In a voyage, Robinson encountered a terrible storm, capsized, except for him, no one survived. He was exiled on an isolated island. With his amazing perseverance and courage, in the case of nothing, he created his own small kingdom with his own hands
28 years later, he left the island relying on his own wisdom
28 years! What an amazing number! I feel that I have to learn his spirit of not afraid of difficulties and optimism. Wherever he
, he must persist in his efforts and create new worlds with his own hands.
28 years later, he left the island relying on his own wisdom
28 years! What an amazing number! I feel that I have to learn his spirit of not afraid of difficulties and optimism. Wherever he
, he must persist in his efforts and create new worlds with his own hands.
4.
Zhao Haining, a professor of Renmin University of China, is now an academician and consultant of the National Academy of new culture of the State Council< br />
5. The chief designer is responsible for the development planning of the enterprise. Capable people can get the direction of the company's development. It's called chief designer. People who are capable but rich can only be regarded as shareholders or something. For example, in the past, Zhuge Liang was the chief designer of Liubei group.
6. China's economic achievements in recent years
China's growth model transformation and development strategy selection
September 2, 2007
China's economic development achievements since the reform and opening up can be summarized in three basic figures: a country with a population of 1.3 billion has maintained an average growth rate of more than 9% in 27 years. And it seems that this growth momentum will continue. In human history, such achievements are unprecedented. To sum up the experience of China's economic development and explore the future development path, we should first have a correct understanding and evaluation of the existing growth model< At the micro level, the reform has mainly done two things: "opening up" and "transformation"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy
two basic clues to observe China's economy
one clue is the unique advantage of factor combination. China's economic growth depends on the combination of a series of basic elements: the world's largest potential or real market; The existence and flow of a large number of labor force, especially the rural labor force, make the labor cost pressed to a low level, and the price of land and other natural resources is also controlled at a very low level; Relatively complete instrial basic system and graally perfect instrial supporting conditions; Instrious, thrifty and enterprising national tradition and culture; Especially stable political and social environment. In the international scope, it is rare that these factors and conditions appear simultaneously in a country, which is unique in terms of scale
another clue is that the upgrading of consumption structure drives the leading instries, and the leading instries drive the rapid economic growth. From the perspective of instry, the rapid economic growth is mainly driven by the emergence of leading instries, which are driven by market demand and ultimately by the upgrading of consumption structure. In the 1980s, the leading instries were light instry and textile. After Comrade Deng Xiaoping's talk in the south in 1992, the direct reason for China's rapid economic growth is the emergence of a number of new leading instries, such as basic instries and infrastructure construction, new generation of household appliances, real estate and stocks. The economy was weak in the late 1990s, and the economic situation changed again in the second half of 2002. Housing, automobile, urban infrastructure construction, electronic communication and other instries play a leading role, thus driving the growth of a number of intermediate investment procts and basic instries
by combining these two clues, we can see the basic structure of the economic model. The first clue is from the perspective of space. We can see the basic elements needed by various economic growth; The second clue is observed from the time, we can see that the leading instries appear in turn. Combined with these two clues, the upgrading of consumption structure proces huge demand, and the combination of a variety of basic elements forms supply. Under the joint action of the two, the emergence and replacement of leading instries in turn have promoted the sustained and rapid growth of China's economy<
understanding reform and opening up
what role does reform and opening up play in this growth model? Generally speaking, reform has created a system and mechanism for the effective combination of various factors of proction, while opening up has enabled us to adjust and optimize the combination of factors of proction in a wider scope
at the micro level, the reform mainly does two things: "opening up" and "reforming"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy. The layout and structure of the state-owned economy will be strategically adjusted. Some will advance, some will retreat, and some will not. At the same time, most of them will be transformed into joint-stock enterprises with diversified mixed ownership. Whether it is liberalization or transformation, the result is the formation of a large number of enterprises that adapt to the market economy. These enterprises can effectively combine and utilize the proction factors mentioned above, which constitutes the dynamic basis for China's sustained and rapid economic growth
opening is to provide the possibility for optimizing the allocation and utilization of proction factors in a larger scope. Factors lacking in local areas can be "introced", such as the introction of foreign capital; The surplus elements are "sent out", such as the export of surplus labor force, so as to expand the local growth space and enhance the competitiveness. Developing countries are usually short of funds at the initial stage of their economy, so they attach great importance to the introction of foreign capital. However, in recent years, China is not short of funds in general, and there has been a certain degree of capital surplus. Why should we introce foreign capital? Because behind these funds, there are technologies, management, brands, supply chains, distribution channels, or corporate culture. The elements behind these funds are what we need but lack. In this sense, capital is the carrier of various elements<
the development trend of China's economy and the important problems it faces
the fundamental way to solve the "three rural" problems is that most farmers enter non-agricultural instries and cities. In essence, the process of instrialization is a process in which the majority of the rural population enters the non-agricultural instries and cities, and their proction and lifestyle change fundamentally. Through this process, the agricultural society will be transformed into an instrial society
according to the available international experience and the potential of China's economic growth, it is very possible for China's economy to maintain rapid and rapid growth for about 20 years. There are different views on the basic trend and characteristics of China's economic and social development in the next step and on the important problems in this process. The following is a brief analysis of several issues that we are more concerned about
the transformation of growth model should first have correct goals. The central government puts forward a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable scientific development concept and the requirements of building a socialist harmonious society, which provides the most important basis for the target determination of the transformation of growth model. Growth should be people-oriented, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable< First, the strategy of expanding domestic demand. In order to expand domestic demand, we need to do a lot of work: we should continue to promote the upgrading of consumption structure to drive the expansion of demand. The key point is to maintain the sustained growth of residents' consumption of housing and automobiles, and to keep the continuous progress of urbanization; At the same time, we should expand the consumption demand of low-income groups through various ways; In the choice of instries, let all kinds of instries that have the conditions to develop develop develop. Don't say lightly that an instry can't develop. This is not only concive to expanding domestic demand, but also concive to creating more employment opportunities< Second, independent innovation strategy. Here we emphasize the independent innovation of technology. Among them, the most important is that enterprises become responsible and long-term innovation subjects. Whether an enterprise has the will and ability of independent innovation is the key to the success of independent innovation< Third, resource conservation strategy. At present and for a long time to come, the most feasible and effective way is to strengthen resource conservation. We should further promote the marketization of resource prices. If resource prices can be determined by the market, they should be handed over to the market as much as possible. Promote the focus of government regulation from economic regulation to social regulation. The emphasis of regulation should be put on the implementation of resource saving standards, the promotion of new energy-saving procts or measures, and environmental protection< Fourth, stable growth strategy. China's economy fluctuates a lot because of technology, but more because of system and policy. For those competitive instries in the leading position, low land price (even zero land price), low electricity price, low price for people (no labor protection conditions, social security, etc.) will stimulate the excessive entry of investors. On the other hand, with the economy speeding up, basic instries such as coal, electricity and oil transportation have become tense. The most tense one is railway transportation because of monopoly. To solve these problems and improve the stability of economic growth, we should focus on two aspects of reform: one is to correct the behavior of artificially recing factors and environmental costs, and reform the government investment system; Second, accelerate the reform and opening up of basic instries, especially the railway transportation instry, with the focus on breaking monopoly, introcing competition and new investors< Fifth, financial reform strategy. The important and urgent tasks of financial reform are: to speed up the reform of the banking system, focusing on the reform of state-owned commercial banks, to reform their property right structure and governance structure through restructuring and listing, to rece the rate of non-performing assets, to adjust the asset structure in accordance with international norms, and to improve the asset quality; At the same time of expanding the opening to the outside world in accordance with the commitment of China's accession to the WTO, we should strengthen the opening of the financial system to the inside, especially to the non-state-owned economy, promote the development of new joint-stock banks and small and medium-sized banks, and focus on solving the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises and high-tech enterprises; We should change the situation of over reliance on bank financing and speed up the adjustment of financial structure. We should pay close attention to solving the deep-seated institutional problems that have plagued the development of the securities market, and restore the normal functions of the securities market. Expand the proportion of bonds in the financing structure. We should promote financial innovation and encourage the innovation and supply of various types of financial institutions and procts that adapt to the actual situation of our country at this stage
sixth, the strategy of opening up and upgrading. In the future, the focus of opening to the outside world should be shifted from scope and quantity to structure and quality, namely "opening up and upgrading". Carry out appropriate "role transformation". In the past, it was more passive to adapt to the international environment, but to a certain extent, it affected the international environment; In the past, it was mainly to adapt to rules, but to participate in making rules to a greater extent. We will play a more active role in the fields of international currency (exchange rate), trade, investment, finance and regional economic cooperation. Accordingly, in foreign trade activities, we should emphasize the principles of free trade and fair competition. As we have international competitive advantages in many fields, it is in our national interest to emphasize this principle<
disaster aspect:
in 2004, China:
a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building in Jilin City, Jilin Province, causing 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic loss of more than 4 million yuan
looking back: at 11:25 noon on February 15, a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building at the intersection of Jiefang Road and Changchun Road in Jilin City. After receiving the alarm, Jilin Public Security fire command center immediately mobilized fire officers and soldiers to the scene to fight. At 13:45, the fire was initially controlled. At 1530 hours, the fire was put out. At the same time of fighting the fire, firefighters searched and rescued the trapped people on the second, third and fourth floors through three cloud ladders and fire ladders. As of 16:30, 120 people were rescued, and 71 injured people were immediately sent to major hospitals. The fire caused 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic losses of more than 4 million yuan
according to the investigation, the direct cause of the accident was that Yu Hongxin, an employee of "Weiye electric appliance" in Zhong commercial building, dropped the lighted cigarette in the warehouse, which ignited paper scraps, cardboard and other combustible materials on the ground and caused a fire. The main reason for the accident was that Zhong commercial building did not strictly implement the relevant provisions of the fire protection law on fire safety responsibility system
China's growth model transformation and development strategy selection
September 2, 2007
China's economic development achievements since the reform and opening up can be summarized in three basic figures: a country with a population of 1.3 billion has maintained an average growth rate of more than 9% in 27 years. And it seems that this growth momentum will continue. In human history, such achievements are unprecedented. To sum up the experience of China's economic development and explore the future development path, we should first have a correct understanding and evaluation of the existing growth model< At the micro level, the reform has mainly done two things: "opening up" and "transformation"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy
two basic clues to observe China's economy
one clue is the unique advantage of factor combination. China's economic growth depends on the combination of a series of basic elements: the world's largest potential or real market; The existence and flow of a large number of labor force, especially the rural labor force, make the labor cost pressed to a low level, and the price of land and other natural resources is also controlled at a very low level; Relatively complete instrial basic system and graally perfect instrial supporting conditions; Instrious, thrifty and enterprising national tradition and culture; Especially stable political and social environment. In the international scope, it is rare that these factors and conditions appear simultaneously in a country, which is unique in terms of scale
another clue is that the upgrading of consumption structure drives the leading instries, and the leading instries drive the rapid economic growth. From the perspective of instry, the rapid economic growth is mainly driven by the emergence of leading instries, which are driven by market demand and ultimately by the upgrading of consumption structure. In the 1980s, the leading instries were light instry and textile. After Comrade Deng Xiaoping's talk in the south in 1992, the direct reason for China's rapid economic growth is the emergence of a number of new leading instries, such as basic instries and infrastructure construction, new generation of household appliances, real estate and stocks. The economy was weak in the late 1990s, and the economic situation changed again in the second half of 2002. Housing, automobile, urban infrastructure construction, electronic communication and other instries play a leading role, thus driving the growth of a number of intermediate investment procts and basic instries
by combining these two clues, we can see the basic structure of the economic model. The first clue is from the perspective of space. We can see the basic elements needed by various economic growth; The second clue is observed from the time, we can see that the leading instries appear in turn. Combined with these two clues, the upgrading of consumption structure proces huge demand, and the combination of a variety of basic elements forms supply. Under the joint action of the two, the emergence and replacement of leading instries in turn have promoted the sustained and rapid growth of China's economy<
understanding reform and opening up
what role does reform and opening up play in this growth model? Generally speaking, reform has created a system and mechanism for the effective combination of various factors of proction, while opening up has enabled us to adjust and optimize the combination of factors of proction in a wider scope
at the micro level, the reform mainly does two things: "opening up" and "reforming"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy. The layout and structure of the state-owned economy will be strategically adjusted. Some will advance, some will retreat, and some will not. At the same time, most of them will be transformed into joint-stock enterprises with diversified mixed ownership. Whether it is liberalization or transformation, the result is the formation of a large number of enterprises that adapt to the market economy. These enterprises can effectively combine and utilize the proction factors mentioned above, which constitutes the dynamic basis for China's sustained and rapid economic growth
opening is to provide the possibility for optimizing the allocation and utilization of proction factors in a larger scope. Factors lacking in local areas can be "introced", such as the introction of foreign capital; The surplus elements are "sent out", such as the export of surplus labor force, so as to expand the local growth space and enhance the competitiveness. Developing countries are usually short of funds at the initial stage of their economy, so they attach great importance to the introction of foreign capital. However, in recent years, China is not short of funds in general, and there has been a certain degree of capital surplus. Why should we introce foreign capital? Because behind these funds, there are technologies, management, brands, supply chains, distribution channels, or corporate culture. The elements behind these funds are what we need but lack. In this sense, capital is the carrier of various elements<
the development trend of China's economy and the important problems it faces
the fundamental way to solve the "three rural" problems is that most farmers enter non-agricultural instries and cities. In essence, the process of instrialization is a process in which the majority of the rural population enters the non-agricultural instries and cities, and their proction and lifestyle change fundamentally. Through this process, the agricultural society will be transformed into an instrial society
according to the available international experience and the potential of China's economic growth, it is very possible for China's economy to maintain rapid and rapid growth for about 20 years. There are different views on the basic trend and characteristics of China's economic and social development in the next step and on the important problems in this process. The following is a brief analysis of several issues that we are more concerned about
the transformation of growth model should first have correct goals. The central government puts forward a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable scientific development concept and the requirements of building a socialist harmonious society, which provides the most important basis for the target determination of the transformation of growth model. Growth should be people-oriented, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable< First, the strategy of expanding domestic demand. In order to expand domestic demand, we need to do a lot of work: we should continue to promote the upgrading of consumption structure to drive the expansion of demand. The key point is to maintain the sustained growth of residents' consumption of housing and automobiles, and to keep the continuous progress of urbanization; At the same time, we should expand the consumption demand of low-income groups through various ways; In the choice of instries, let all kinds of instries that have the conditions to develop develop develop. Don't say lightly that an instry can't develop. This is not only concive to expanding domestic demand, but also concive to creating more employment opportunities< Second, independent innovation strategy. Here we emphasize the independent innovation of technology. Among them, the most important is that enterprises become responsible and long-term innovation subjects. Whether an enterprise has the will and ability of independent innovation is the key to the success of independent innovation< Third, resource conservation strategy. At present and for a long time to come, the most feasible and effective way is to strengthen resource conservation. We should further promote the marketization of resource prices. If resource prices can be determined by the market, they should be handed over to the market as much as possible. Promote the focus of government regulation from economic regulation to social regulation. The emphasis of regulation should be put on the implementation of resource saving standards, the promotion of new energy-saving procts or measures, and environmental protection< Fourth, stable growth strategy. China's economy fluctuates a lot because of technology, but more because of system and policy. For those competitive instries in the leading position, low land price (even zero land price), low electricity price, low price for people (no labor protection conditions, social security, etc.) will stimulate the excessive entry of investors. On the other hand, with the economy speeding up, basic instries such as coal, electricity and oil transportation have become tense. The most tense one is railway transportation because of monopoly. To solve these problems and improve the stability of economic growth, we should focus on two aspects of reform: one is to correct the behavior of artificially recing factors and environmental costs, and reform the government investment system; Second, accelerate the reform and opening up of basic instries, especially the railway transportation instry, with the focus on breaking monopoly, introcing competition and new investors< Fifth, financial reform strategy. The important and urgent tasks of financial reform are: to speed up the reform of the banking system, focusing on the reform of state-owned commercial banks, to reform their property right structure and governance structure through restructuring and listing, to rece the rate of non-performing assets, to adjust the asset structure in accordance with international norms, and to improve the asset quality; At the same time of expanding the opening to the outside world in accordance with the commitment of China's accession to the WTO, we should strengthen the opening of the financial system to the inside, especially to the non-state-owned economy, promote the development of new joint-stock banks and small and medium-sized banks, and focus on solving the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises and high-tech enterprises; We should change the situation of over reliance on bank financing and speed up the adjustment of financial structure. We should pay close attention to solving the deep-seated institutional problems that have plagued the development of the securities market, and restore the normal functions of the securities market. Expand the proportion of bonds in the financing structure. We should promote financial innovation and encourage the innovation and supply of various types of financial institutions and procts that adapt to the actual situation of our country at this stage
sixth, the strategy of opening up and upgrading. In the future, the focus of opening to the outside world should be shifted from scope and quantity to structure and quality, namely "opening up and upgrading". Carry out appropriate "role transformation". In the past, it was more passive to adapt to the international environment, but to a certain extent, it affected the international environment; In the past, it was mainly to adapt to rules, but to participate in making rules to a greater extent. We will play a more active role in the fields of international currency (exchange rate), trade, investment, finance and regional economic cooperation. Accordingly, in foreign trade activities, we should emphasize the principles of free trade and fair competition. As we have international competitive advantages in many fields, it is in our national interest to emphasize this principle<
disaster aspect:
in 2004, China:
a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building in Jilin City, Jilin Province, causing 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic loss of more than 4 million yuan
looking back: at 11:25 noon on February 15, a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building at the intersection of Jiefang Road and Changchun Road in Jilin City. After receiving the alarm, Jilin Public Security fire command center immediately mobilized fire officers and soldiers to the scene to fight. At 13:45, the fire was initially controlled. At 1530 hours, the fire was put out. At the same time of fighting the fire, firefighters searched and rescued the trapped people on the second, third and fourth floors through three cloud ladders and fire ladders. As of 16:30, 120 people were rescued, and 71 injured people were immediately sent to major hospitals. The fire caused 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic losses of more than 4 million yuan
according to the investigation, the direct cause of the accident was that Yu Hongxin, an employee of "Weiye electric appliance" in Zhong commercial building, dropped the lighted cigarette in the warehouse, which ignited paper scraps, cardboard and other combustible materials on the ground and caused a fire. The main reason for the accident was that Zhong commercial building did not strictly implement the relevant provisions of the fire protection law on fire safety responsibility system
7. China's economic achievements in recent years
China's growth model transformation and development strategy selection
September 2, 2007
China's economic development achievements since the reform and opening up can be summarized in three basic figures: a country with a population of 1.3 billion has maintained an average growth rate of more than 9% in 27 years. And it seems that this growth momentum will continue. In human history, such achievements are unprecedented. To sum up the experience of China's economic development and explore the future development path, we should first have a correct understanding and evaluation of the existing growth model< At the micro level, the reform has mainly done two things: "opening up" and "transformation"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy
two basic clues to observe China's economy
one clue is the unique advantage of factor combination. China's economic growth depends on the combination of a series of basic elements: the world's largest potential or real market; The existence and flow of a large number of labor force, especially the rural labor force, make the labor cost pressed to a low level, and the price of land and other natural resources is also controlled at a very low level; Relatively complete instrial basic system and graally perfect instrial supporting conditions; Instrious, thrifty and enterprising national tradition and culture; Especially stable political and social environment. In the international scope, it is rare that these factors and conditions appear simultaneously in a country, which is unique in terms of scale
another clue is that the upgrading of consumption structure drives the leading instries, and the leading instries drive the rapid economic growth. From the perspective of instry, the rapid economic growth is mainly driven by the emergence of leading instries, which are driven by market demand and ultimately by the upgrading of consumption structure. In the 1980s, the leading instries were light instry and textile. After Comrade Deng Xiaoping's talk in the south in 1992, the direct reason for China's rapid economic growth is the emergence of a number of new leading instries, such as basic instries and infrastructure construction, new generation of household appliances, real estate and stocks. The economy was weak in the late 1990s, and the economic situation changed again in the second half of 2002. Housing, automobile, urban infrastructure construction, electronic communication and other instries play a leading role, thus driving the growth of a number of intermediate investment procts and basic instries
by combining these two clues, we can see the basic structure of the economic model. The first clue is from the perspective of space. We can see the basic elements needed by various economic growth; The second clue is observed from the time, we can see that the leading instries appear in turn. Combined with these two clues, the upgrading of consumption structure proces huge demand, and the combination of a variety of basic elements forms supply. Under the joint action of the two, the emergence and replacement of leading instries in turn have promoted the sustained and rapid growth of China's economy<
understanding reform and opening up
what role does reform and opening up play in this growth model? Generally speaking, reform has created a system and mechanism for the effective combination of various factors of proction, while opening up has enabled us to adjust and optimize the combination of factors of proction in a wider scope
at the micro level, the reform mainly does two things: "opening up" and "reforming"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy. The layout and structure of the state-owned economy will be strategically adjusted. Some will advance, some will retreat, and some will not. At the same time, most of them will be transformed into joint-stock enterprises with diversified mixed ownership. Whether it is liberalization or transformation, the result is the formation of a large number of enterprises that adapt to the market economy. These enterprises can effectively combine and utilize the proction factors mentioned above, which constitutes the dynamic basis for China's sustained and rapid economic growth
opening is to provide the possibility for optimizing the allocation and utilization of proction factors in a larger scope. Factors lacking in local areas can be "introced", such as the introction of foreign capital; The surplus elements are "sent out", such as the export of surplus labor force, so as to expand the local growth space and enhance the competitiveness. Developing countries are usually short of funds at the initial stage of their economy, so they attach great importance to the introction of foreign capital. However, in recent years, China is not short of funds in general, and there has been a certain degree of capital surplus. Why should we introce foreign capital? Because behind these funds, there are technologies, management, brands, supply chains, distribution channels, or corporate culture. The elements behind these funds are what we need but lack. In this sense, capital is the carrier of various elements<
the development trend of China's economy and the important problems it faces
the fundamental way to solve the "three rural" problems is that most farmers enter non-agricultural instries and cities. In essence, the process of instrialization is a process in which the majority of the rural population enters the non-agricultural instries and cities, and their proction and lifestyle change fundamentally. Through this process, the agricultural society will be transformed into an instrial society
according to the available international experience and the potential of China's economic growth, it is very possible for China's economy to maintain rapid and rapid growth for about 20 years. There are different views on the basic trend and characteristics of China's economic and social development in the next step and on the important problems in this process. The following is a brief analysis of several issues that we are more concerned about
the transformation of growth model should first have correct goals. The central government puts forward a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable scientific development concept and the requirements of building a socialist harmonious society, which provides the most important basis for the target determination of the transformation of growth model. Growth should be people-oriented, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable< First, the strategy of expanding domestic demand. In order to expand domestic demand, we need to do a lot of work: we should continue to promote the upgrading of consumption structure to drive the expansion of demand. The key point is to maintain the sustained growth of residents' consumption of housing and automobiles, and to keep the continuous progress of urbanization; At the same time, we should expand the consumption demand of low-income groups through various ways; In the choice of instries, let all kinds of instries that have the conditions to develop develop develop. Don't say lightly that an instry can't develop. This is not only concive to expanding domestic demand, but also concive to creating more employment opportunities< Second, independent innovation strategy. Here we emphasize the independent innovation of technology. Among them, the most important is that enterprises become responsible and long-term innovation subjects. Whether an enterprise has the will and ability of independent innovation is the key to the success of independent innovation< Third, resource conservation strategy. At present and for a long time to come, the most feasible and effective way is to strengthen resource conservation. We should further promote the marketization of resource prices. If resource prices can be determined by the market, they should be handed over to the market as much as possible. Promote the focus of government regulation from economic regulation to social regulation. The emphasis of regulation should be put on the implementation of resource saving standards, the promotion of new energy-saving procts or measures, and environmental protection< Fourth, stable growth strategy. China's economy fluctuates a lot because of technology, but more because of system and policy. For those competitive instries in the leading position, low land price (even zero land price), low electricity price, low price for people (no labor protection conditions, social security, etc.) will stimulate the excessive entry of investors. On the other hand, with the economy speeding up, basic instries such as coal, electricity and oil transportation have become tense. The most tense one is railway transportation because of monopoly. To solve these problems and improve the stability of economic growth, we should focus on two aspects of reform: one is to correct the behavior of artificially recing factors and environmental costs, and reform the government investment system; Second, accelerate the reform and opening up of basic instries, especially the railway transportation instry, with the focus on breaking monopoly, introcing competition and new investors< Fifth, financial reform strategy. The important and urgent tasks of financial reform are: to speed up the reform of the banking system, focusing on the reform of state-owned commercial banks, to reform their property right structure and governance structure through restructuring and listing, to rece the rate of non-performing assets, to adjust the asset structure in accordance with international norms, and to improve the asset quality; At the same time of expanding the opening to the outside world in accordance with the commitment of China's accession to the WTO, we should strengthen the opening of the financial system to the inside, especially to the non-state-owned economy, promote the development of new joint-stock banks and small and medium-sized banks, and focus on solving the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises and high-tech enterprises; We should change the situation of over reliance on bank financing and speed up the adjustment of financial structure. We should pay close attention to solving the deep-seated institutional problems that have plagued the development of the securities market, and restore the normal functions of the securities market. Expand the proportion of bonds in the financing structure. We should promote financial innovation and encourage the innovation and supply of various types of financial institutions and procts that adapt to the actual situation of our country at this stage
sixth, the strategy of opening up and upgrading. In the future, the focus of opening to the outside world should be shifted from scope and quantity to structure and quality, namely "opening up and upgrading". Carry out appropriate "role transformation". In the past, it was more passive to adapt to the international environment, but to a certain extent, it affected the international environment; In the past, it was mainly to adapt to rules, but to participate in making rules to a greater extent. We will play a more active role in the fields of international currency (exchange rate), trade, investment, finance and regional economic cooperation. Accordingly, in foreign trade activities, we should emphasize the principles of free trade and fair competition. As we have international competitive advantages in many fields, it is in our national interest to emphasize this principle<
disaster aspect:
in 2004, China:
a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building in Jilin City, Jilin Province, causing 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic loss of more than 4 million yuan
looking back: at 11:25 noon on February 15, a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building at the intersection of Jiefang Road and Changchun Road in Jilin City. After receiving the alarm, Jilin Public Security fire command center immediately mobilized fire officers and soldiers to the scene to fight. At 13:45, the fire was initially controlled. At 1530 hours, the fire was put out. At the same time of fighting the fire, firefighters searched and rescued the trapped people on the second, third and fourth floors through three cloud ladders and fire ladders. As of 16:30, 120 people were rescued, and 71 injured people were immediately sent to major hospitals. The fire caused 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic losses of more than 4 million yuan
according to the investigation, the direct cause of the accident was that Yu Hongxin, an employee of "Weiye electric appliance" in Zhong commercial building, dropped the lighted cigarette in the warehouse, which ignited paper scraps, cardboard and other combustible materials on the ground and caused a fire. The main reason for the accident was that Zhong commercial building did not strictly implement the relevant provisions of the fire protection law on fire safety responsibility system
China's growth model transformation and development strategy selection
September 2, 2007
China's economic development achievements since the reform and opening up can be summarized in three basic figures: a country with a population of 1.3 billion has maintained an average growth rate of more than 9% in 27 years. And it seems that this growth momentum will continue. In human history, such achievements are unprecedented. To sum up the experience of China's economic development and explore the future development path, we should first have a correct understanding and evaluation of the existing growth model< At the micro level, the reform has mainly done two things: "opening up" and "transformation"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy
two basic clues to observe China's economy
one clue is the unique advantage of factor combination. China's economic growth depends on the combination of a series of basic elements: the world's largest potential or real market; The existence and flow of a large number of labor force, especially the rural labor force, make the labor cost pressed to a low level, and the price of land and other natural resources is also controlled at a very low level; Relatively complete instrial basic system and graally perfect instrial supporting conditions; Instrious, thrifty and enterprising national tradition and culture; Especially stable political and social environment. In the international scope, it is rare that these factors and conditions appear simultaneously in a country, which is unique in terms of scale
another clue is that the upgrading of consumption structure drives the leading instries, and the leading instries drive the rapid economic growth. From the perspective of instry, the rapid economic growth is mainly driven by the emergence of leading instries, which are driven by market demand and ultimately by the upgrading of consumption structure. In the 1980s, the leading instries were light instry and textile. After Comrade Deng Xiaoping's talk in the south in 1992, the direct reason for China's rapid economic growth is the emergence of a number of new leading instries, such as basic instries and infrastructure construction, new generation of household appliances, real estate and stocks. The economy was weak in the late 1990s, and the economic situation changed again in the second half of 2002. Housing, automobile, urban infrastructure construction, electronic communication and other instries play a leading role, thus driving the growth of a number of intermediate investment procts and basic instries
by combining these two clues, we can see the basic structure of the economic model. The first clue is from the perspective of space. We can see the basic elements needed by various economic growth; The second clue is observed from the time, we can see that the leading instries appear in turn. Combined with these two clues, the upgrading of consumption structure proces huge demand, and the combination of a variety of basic elements forms supply. Under the joint action of the two, the emergence and replacement of leading instries in turn have promoted the sustained and rapid growth of China's economy<
understanding reform and opening up
what role does reform and opening up play in this growth model? Generally speaking, reform has created a system and mechanism for the effective combination of various factors of proction, while opening up has enabled us to adjust and optimize the combination of factors of proction in a wider scope
at the micro level, the reform mainly does two things: "opening up" and "reforming"“ "Opening up" means allowing and encouraging the development of a variety of Non-State-Owned economies, including collective and private enterprises, joint-stock enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises“ "Transformation" refers to the reform and reorganization of the state-owned economy. The layout and structure of the state-owned economy will be strategically adjusted. Some will advance, some will retreat, and some will not. At the same time, most of them will be transformed into joint-stock enterprises with diversified mixed ownership. Whether it is liberalization or transformation, the result is the formation of a large number of enterprises that adapt to the market economy. These enterprises can effectively combine and utilize the proction factors mentioned above, which constitutes the dynamic basis for China's sustained and rapid economic growth
opening is to provide the possibility for optimizing the allocation and utilization of proction factors in a larger scope. Factors lacking in local areas can be "introced", such as the introction of foreign capital; The surplus elements are "sent out", such as the export of surplus labor force, so as to expand the local growth space and enhance the competitiveness. Developing countries are usually short of funds at the initial stage of their economy, so they attach great importance to the introction of foreign capital. However, in recent years, China is not short of funds in general, and there has been a certain degree of capital surplus. Why should we introce foreign capital? Because behind these funds, there are technologies, management, brands, supply chains, distribution channels, or corporate culture. The elements behind these funds are what we need but lack. In this sense, capital is the carrier of various elements<
the development trend of China's economy and the important problems it faces
the fundamental way to solve the "three rural" problems is that most farmers enter non-agricultural instries and cities. In essence, the process of instrialization is a process in which the majority of the rural population enters the non-agricultural instries and cities, and their proction and lifestyle change fundamentally. Through this process, the agricultural society will be transformed into an instrial society
according to the available international experience and the potential of China's economic growth, it is very possible for China's economy to maintain rapid and rapid growth for about 20 years. There are different views on the basic trend and characteristics of China's economic and social development in the next step and on the important problems in this process. The following is a brief analysis of several issues that we are more concerned about
the transformation of growth model should first have correct goals. The central government puts forward a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable scientific development concept and the requirements of building a socialist harmonious society, which provides the most important basis for the target determination of the transformation of growth model. Growth should be people-oriented, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable< First, the strategy of expanding domestic demand. In order to expand domestic demand, we need to do a lot of work: we should continue to promote the upgrading of consumption structure to drive the expansion of demand. The key point is to maintain the sustained growth of residents' consumption of housing and automobiles, and to keep the continuous progress of urbanization; At the same time, we should expand the consumption demand of low-income groups through various ways; In the choice of instries, let all kinds of instries that have the conditions to develop develop develop. Don't say lightly that an instry can't develop. This is not only concive to expanding domestic demand, but also concive to creating more employment opportunities< Second, independent innovation strategy. Here we emphasize the independent innovation of technology. Among them, the most important is that enterprises become responsible and long-term innovation subjects. Whether an enterprise has the will and ability of independent innovation is the key to the success of independent innovation< Third, resource conservation strategy. At present and for a long time to come, the most feasible and effective way is to strengthen resource conservation. We should further promote the marketization of resource prices. If resource prices can be determined by the market, they should be handed over to the market as much as possible. Promote the focus of government regulation from economic regulation to social regulation. The emphasis of regulation should be put on the implementation of resource saving standards, the promotion of new energy-saving procts or measures, and environmental protection< Fourth, stable growth strategy. China's economy fluctuates a lot because of technology, but more because of system and policy. For those competitive instries in the leading position, low land price (even zero land price), low electricity price, low price for people (no labor protection conditions, social security, etc.) will stimulate the excessive entry of investors. On the other hand, with the economy speeding up, basic instries such as coal, electricity and oil transportation have become tense. The most tense one is railway transportation because of monopoly. To solve these problems and improve the stability of economic growth, we should focus on two aspects of reform: one is to correct the behavior of artificially recing factors and environmental costs, and reform the government investment system; Second, accelerate the reform and opening up of basic instries, especially the railway transportation instry, with the focus on breaking monopoly, introcing competition and new investors< Fifth, financial reform strategy. The important and urgent tasks of financial reform are: to speed up the reform of the banking system, focusing on the reform of state-owned commercial banks, to reform their property right structure and governance structure through restructuring and listing, to rece the rate of non-performing assets, to adjust the asset structure in accordance with international norms, and to improve the asset quality; At the same time of expanding the opening to the outside world in accordance with the commitment of China's accession to the WTO, we should strengthen the opening of the financial system to the inside, especially to the non-state-owned economy, promote the development of new joint-stock banks and small and medium-sized banks, and focus on solving the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises and high-tech enterprises; We should change the situation of over reliance on bank financing and speed up the adjustment of financial structure. We should pay close attention to solving the deep-seated institutional problems that have plagued the development of the securities market, and restore the normal functions of the securities market. Expand the proportion of bonds in the financing structure. We should promote financial innovation and encourage the innovation and supply of various types of financial institutions and procts that adapt to the actual situation of our country at this stage
sixth, the strategy of opening up and upgrading. In the future, the focus of opening to the outside world should be shifted from scope and quantity to structure and quality, namely "opening up and upgrading". Carry out appropriate "role transformation". In the past, it was more passive to adapt to the international environment, but to a certain extent, it affected the international environment; In the past, it was mainly to adapt to rules, but to participate in making rules to a greater extent. We will play a more active role in the fields of international currency (exchange rate), trade, investment, finance and regional economic cooperation. Accordingly, in foreign trade activities, we should emphasize the principles of free trade and fair competition. As we have international competitive advantages in many fields, it is in our national interest to emphasize this principle<
disaster aspect:
in 2004, China:
a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building in Jilin City, Jilin Province, causing 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic loss of more than 4 million yuan
looking back: at 11:25 noon on February 15, a major fire broke out in Zhong commercial building at the intersection of Jiefang Road and Changchun Road in Jilin City. After receiving the alarm, Jilin Public Security fire command center immediately mobilized fire officers and soldiers to the scene to fight. At 13:45, the fire was initially controlled. At 1530 hours, the fire was put out. At the same time of fighting the fire, firefighters searched and rescued the trapped people on the second, third and fourth floors through three cloud ladders and fire ladders. As of 16:30, 120 people were rescued, and 71 injured people were immediately sent to major hospitals. The fire caused 54 deaths, 70 injuries and direct economic losses of more than 4 million yuan
according to the investigation, the direct cause of the accident was that Yu Hongxin, an employee of "Weiye electric appliance" in Zhong commercial building, dropped the lighted cigarette in the warehouse, which ignited paper scraps, cardboard and other combustible materials on the ground and caused a fire. The main reason for the accident was that Zhong commercial building did not strictly implement the relevant provisions of the fire protection law on fire safety responsibility system
8. http://yujiangbo0205.teeta.com/blog/data/131767.html
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