The ideal and reality of people's Daily's digital currency
you don't know about it
it was your relatives who brought you in to do it
if you don't know about it
don't rush to invest it
because investment is risky
if you make a wrong decision
you will lose all your money
so you must carefully observe it
and ask your relatives what kind of thing it is
in the end Make a decision when you have a thorough understanding
Digital currency is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of a specific virtual community. More generally speaking, digital currency is actually a commodity
just like gold, it took more than 200 years to be graally recognized by the world. In the early days, many people questioned gold's ability to store value. If we take digital currency as a substitute, people's questioning attitude towards gold in the past is equivalent to many people's attitude towards digital currency now
extended data
digital currency is a balance between financial security and innovation ability. Financial instry should have clear access threshold. Digital currency involves finance, so it must have clear access threshold. The enterprise qualification of blockchain and digital currency needs to be reviewed and an access system set. One of the core of supervision is that blockchain enterprises must have qualified technical personnel
for example, enterprises of different levels in the construction instry need different levels and numbers of registered structural engineers to ensure the safety of buildings and bridges, which can also be used for reference in the supervision of digital currency. In addition, investors need to refer to the requirements of the "measures for the appropriateness of securities and futures investors" issued by the CSRC, and only those who meet certain conditions can participate in the investment
with the upgrading of payment methods, we can eat, take a taxi and go to the supermarket without cash. The amount of cash needed in circulation is getting smaller and smaller. Can we replace paper money with a virtual digital currency? This is not a whim. The central bank recently said that the research on digital currency has achieved phased results, striving for the early issuance of digital currency. If the digital currency is successfully issued, it will not only make people's living and payment more convenient, but also increase the transparency of economic transaction activities for the country. So, how far is digital currency from us< Not long ago, the people's Bank of China revealed that a special research team had been set up in 2014 to conct in-depth research on digital currency issuance and business operation framework, key technologies of digital currency, issuance and circulation environment, etc
what is digital currency? Many people may be unfamiliar with this. There is no official definition of digital currency. According to the instry, the digital currency referred to by the central bank should be the electronization of RMB. At present, people's daily third-party payment behaviors such as bank transfer and yu'ebao are all related to digital currency. Digital currency in a broad sense includes unofficial virtual currency, such as bitcoin, which was popular before
here we also need to mention a new term called "blockchain technology", which is a new technology of the Internet. Digital currency is supported by blockchain technology, which is characterized by "decentralization", that is, taking away the centralized control of an institution over the issuance of currency. Yu Fenghui, a financial critic, said that the trust problem in the virtual economic system can be solved through blockchain technology. Taking bitcoin as an example, it is not issued by a specific monetary institution, but is generated by the transaction volume of network nodes, and is single, traceable and traceable after it is put into circulation. All funds are very transparent where they come from and where they go
a more familiar form of digital currency should be electronic RMB, which has infiltrated into various consumption scenarios of electronic payment. There is no need to repeat the impact and subversion of electronic payment on our lives. Credit card payment and code scanning payment have greatly reced the space for the use of paper money. It can be seen that the progress of technology has graally forced the withdrawal of paper money
the new favorite of the financial system
the attitudes of all countries towards digital currency are changing. It is reported that DNB, Norway's largest bank, recently called on the government to stop using cash completely. In fact, several banks in Norway have closed some branches' cash business. Only three branches of DNB have counter cash business. Other Norwegian banks are also phasing out cash transactions. According to statistics, only 6% of Norwegians still use cash every day, most of them are the elderly
not only Norway, but also the world is moving towards the era of digital currency. According to Xiao Lei, chief researcher of gold wallet, many institutions, including Nasdaq Stock Exchange, Goldman Sachs and modern, began to invest in the research because of the continuous impact of digital currency represented by bitcoin on the world financial system. It is found that the blockchain technology used in digital currency can bring convenience and rece costs to many institutions, and there are cases that can be applied to the real economy. This gives more countries and institutions the incentive to invest in blockchain technology and digital currency
in China, some institutions have shown great interest in it and invested in research. It is understood that Alibaba Finance announced that it may provide a cloud service platform based on blockchain technology
digital currency is sought after and favored because there is no real "world currency" in the current global market. It is understood that although the US dollar is currently the most widely used currency in the world, not every country readily accepts the US dollar as the world currency. Xiao Lei said that the world currency should be like gold, with the characteristics of "de nationalization". Digital currency can even be regarded as gold in the gold standard era, and is expected to become the "general equivalent" in the Internet era in the future
the application space is broad
it is not difficult to see that digital currency is highly expected. Instry insiders said that once digital currency comes out, it will be applied to many fields
from a national perspective, the "trace" and "traceability" of digital currency can improve the convenience and transparency of economic transactions. Yu Fenghui said that money laundering, tax evasion and other criminal activities are expected to decrease. At the same time, with the application of blockchain technology, a unified account book will be established nationwide and even worldwide, so that every sum of money can be traced, every transaction can be traced, tax evasion and money laundering will be within the scope of supervision, and it is even possible to realize automatic tax dection on the card machine
for the central bank, digital currency can rece the high cost of traditional paper money issuance and circulation, and solve the problem of currency over issuance and inflation caused by the central bank's centralized control of currency issuance right. Bai Chengyu, Secretary General of China microfinance Union, said that digital currency can generate a certain amount of transaction volume according to the transaction demand of real economy generated by the public in the transaction process“ This form of digital currency may be automatically generated by the blockchain system and issued according to the transaction volume, which can avoid the inflation caused by over issuance. "
in addition, digital currency helps to build a new financial infrastructure. For example, digital currency will make the credit accumulation and archives of all people traceable and accessible, which is of great significance to promote the construction of credit system. Yu Fenghui said that after the promotion of digital currency, from the perspective of social credit accumulation, enterprises and consumers will tend to use digital currency and swipe cards for consumption, because electronic transactions have data traces, which can accumulate the credit of enterprises and indivials, which will become the basis for obtaining financial services such as banks< In addition to helping the state to regulate and improve the financial system, digital currency is closely related to people's life. It is not only the convenient payment that people have felt, but also reflected in many aspects
first of all, it is very difficult to have counterfeit money in the market. According to Bai Chengyu, one of the characteristics of blockchain is transparency. The issuance of digital currency needs to be certified, so it is difficult to forge
as well as counterfeit money, there should be the problem of plundering the wealth of people and enterprises in local areas, which will be fundamentally solved by digital currency. Bai Chengyu said that compared with the previous state's decentralization of poverty alleviation funds to local governments, some governments have the phenomenon of "evasion", which leads to the fact that some poverty alleviation objects can not get the funds“ At the beginning, it was cash distribution, and later it was bank transfer. However, there was a problem that there were not many bank outlets in some remote areas, and people had to walk a long way to get money. If there is a digital currency, there is no need to withdraw cash for consumption and payment, and it will be easier to monitor capital flow. "
moreover, the use of digital currency will rece financial transaction costs. Bai Chengyu said that before, the inter-bank settlement of banks had to charge service charges, because the settlement center required each bank to keep a part of the capital to balance its position. This part of the capital occupied the bank's funds, and the bank would spread the cost to the people, that is, to charge for the inter-bank settlement business. The "decentralized" payment and clearing system under the blockchain technology will facilitate the settlement between banks and further rece the transaction cost of people's payment
the next step of "de centralization" is "de intermediation", which will simplify many current financial business proceres, such as foreign exchange. Bai Chengyu said that previously, foreign exchange clearing had to go through banks and other clearing institutions, which increased the exchange cost and time interval. Now, the international community has tried to use blockchain technology to develop a new international currency exchange system, which can realize the "de centralized" exchange of currency and "de intermediary" in the future
resistance to implementation
although many countries and institutions are actively developing digital currency and blockchain technology, and people are full of expectations for it, even if digital currency is really issued, it will still face some resistance to implementation
technically, because blockchain is an Internet technology, "hacker" risk is taken into account. The bigger problem, though, is control. Many people in the instry said that bitcoin is essentially different from the digital currency to be launched by the central bank. Bitcoin is not issued by a specific monetary institution, and the relevant financial supervision has not been followed up, so there is a large capital risk. However, the digital currency to be launched by the central bank this time belongs to the official currency and is protected by the central bank. Because bitcoin is not uniformly issued by the central bank, it has not been recognized by many countries. The central bank values whether digital currency is controlled or not
in addition, as mentioned above, even as a leading country in digital currency promotion, Norway still has 6% of the elderly people who are difficult to get rid of paper money, which is undoubtedly a problem that can not be ignored by all countries. Xiao Lei said that digital currency will first be targeted at young people and promoted in some areas. It will not turn all the money in the cash flow into digital currency. This needs to consider the coordination between digital currency and paper money and people's willingness to use them
there is bound to be an adaptation process from paper money to digital currency, and the road of its reform will be very long, but it can be seen that digital currency will inevitably form a development trend. Bai Chengyu said that technological innovation will overcome the problems in reality, just like going to a bank to do business now. If it does not involve cash, the lobby manager will recommend customers to ATM and other self-service equipment. This is a good proof that technological innovation has replaced labor in the past. Now the application of mobile phone is also very simple. It can be predicted that the technology will continue to update in the future. The use of electronic channels, digital currency and other procts in the new era will become a trend
Beijing Business Daily reporter Liu Zexian Cheng WeiMiao
of course, the central bank's digital currency is different from bitcoin, wikilink, bitcoin cash, Ethereum and other digital currencies on the market. The central bank's digital currency has the property of currency.
There is no consistent definition of direct banking in China. In general, direct banking is a way that banks break the traditional counter business and can directly handle business on the Internet in order to attract more users and facilitate the use of customers. Users can handle business through web pages, mobile terminals, etc, Save a lot of waiting time for both sides. The business philosophy of this mode is to develop towards faster and more convenient business processing, which greatly reces the time and energy spent by users in banking business processing. Compared with the traditional banks in the past, direct banks mainly have the advantages of strong network dependence, accurate business procts, low cost, convenient and fast, but the relative strong network dependence is also a major factor hindering the development of direct banks. These characteristics make the transaction process of direct bank very simple, operation time is short, the staff is reced a lot, the use of fixed equipment and original procts is reced a lot, and the cost is greatly reced, which is an innovation for the bank to survive in the increasingly fierce competition
There are four trends in the development of direct banking Technology enables the development of direct banking. The application of cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other new generation information technology will fundamentally change the operation mode of direct banking, improve service efficiency and level, and rece service cost. The specific ways are mainly reflected in the following aspects. One is to further improve user experience and service efficiency by introcing new technologies such as machine learning, virtual reality and biometrics; Second, through cloud computing, distributed architecture and other solutions, reconstruct the infrastructure deployment mode, rece operating costs, and build the ability to serve a large number of customers; The third is to use big data to improve the level of risk control, anti fraud, proct pricing, precision marketing, intelligent investment consulting, etc. In addition, blockchain and other technologies can provide strong support for the new financial transaction mode In the process of using financial technology, on the one hand, direct banks should grasp the development trend of financial technology, and lay out the field of financial technology by strengthening talent reserve and technology accumulation, and communicating and cooperating with third parties. In the process of continuously enhancing the ability of self-control of core technologies and optimizing and improving the efficiency of the overall science and technology system, we should carry out learning and Research on emerging frontier technologies, apply innovation, cultivate data thinking, establish cooperation mechanisms between internal and external parties, and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation with frontier high-tech enterprises in big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc, Innovative laboratories such as intelligent risk control and precision marketing can be set up in the form of joint construction, and innovative projects can be researched and implemented to build an intelligent financial technology system with strong cloud computing and big data processing capabilities. On the other hand, it is necessary to build a standardized open business platform, formulate standardized cooperation docking process, build a standardized merchant cooperation platform system integrating docking, joint debugging, testing, online and operation management, quickly and efficiently promote technology docking and financial services standardized output, and use scientific and technological means to improve business capacity2. The development strategy of platform will become the priority of direct banks in the future. In recent years, platform economy is rising rapidly. Among the top 10 companies with global market value in 2017, platform enterprises occupy as many as six seats, namely apple, Google, Facebook, Amazon, Alibaba and Tencent. Platform economy has become a worldwide trend business model and a new economic development paradigm, which has promoted the major changes in proction and lifestyle, and has increasingly become an important part of social economy
for commercial banks, the rapid development of platform economy has brought both opportunities and challenges. Platform enterprises gather a large number of merchants and customers. Merchants and customers have financial service needs. The platform has financial cross-border cooperation, data commercialization, business compliance and other needs, which puts forward new requirements for the traditional customer acquisition and service mode of commercial banks. The platform has rich resources such as business flow, logistics and capital flow, and is an important customer group of commercial banks
direct banking service platform will become the future trend. Through the construction of financial service intermediary platform, the direct bank realizes the integration of basic procts and services of the bank, interbank, non interbank and other institutions in the proct end, and creates the financial cloud of wealth management, network financing, payment and settlement, big data services. In terms of customer service, it will realize the integration of platform enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises on the platform, small and medium-sized enterprises on the platform Comprehensive and comprehensive services for consumers on the platform
in the face of different platforms in the fields of consumption, instry and government affairs, the strategies of financial intermediary service platform constructed by banks are also different, which can be built according to three modes
(1) for those related fields that have not yet formed a platform for aggregation and specialization, direct banks can integrate internal and external resources, open up key nodes through self construction, M & A, investment and other forms, and build an in-house financial intermediary service platform to cover the whole scene of subdivided instries. Taking the acquisition of auto home by Ping An Trust in 2016 as an example, auto home, as a domestic auto vertical professional media, will not only obtain strong support from Ping An Group in terms of capital, but also become an important part of building an all-round auto service ecosystem for Ping An group. To build a platform model, it is generally necessary to rely on the resources of the group or parent bank to form a synergy of public and retail business; In addition, banks need to define their own service boundary, avoid large and comprehensive platform, resulting in excessive resource investment, and it is difficult to meet the personalized needs
(2) if a specialized platform has been formed in relevant fields, or the platform has not extended to the financial field e to regulatory requirements, direct banks can export financial procts and services through docking with such platforms
(3) the relevant fields have formed monopolistic resource integrators, and the services have been extended to the financial field, so it is difficult for banks to build their own platform to let the participants settle in. The relatively feasible solution for direct banks is to provide funds and financial services to the platform
3. Service scenario. In the future, direct banking procts will be a standardized proct that can be easily embedded into various financial scenarios. According to the view of a bank's senior financial practitioners, it is financial media. In the future, Internet banking and direct banking will become media tools for a bank to carry out mobile financial transformation. In the Internet dimension space, Internet banking and direct banking will become media tools, As a medium like air, it permeates into various scenes of financial services
4. Independent organizational structure. Most foreign direct banks adopt the independent legal person business model, and China's direct banks will graally develop in the direction of independence. With the official opening of Baixin bank, the first independent legal person direct bank in China, several independent legal person direct banks may be approved. The independent organizational structure of direct bank will have a positive impact on proct innovation, risk isolation from parent bank, mobilization of team enthusiasm, cost accounting, customer management, science and technology development mechanism, etc
In the process of independent corporatization of direct banking, the introction of external strategic investors will become one of the options. Through the introction of strategic investors, the capital strength can be improved. At the same time, through the docking with shareholders' resources, technology, scene, etc., the construction and development ability of direct banking ecology can be rapidly improved, and the coordination and win-win between direct banking and shareholders can be realizedideal and reality are dialectically unified and closely related. Ideal comes from reality. Ideal comes from reality, higher than reality, and can be transformed into reality. The realization of the ideal needs various conditions. Subjectively speaking, it especially needs hard struggle, and at the same time, it should be combined with the lofty social ideal.