The development risk and Countermeasures of central bank's di
To guard against the possible risks brought by bitcoin, we know that digital currency represented by bitcoin has high risks. This kind of risk is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, the limitation of digital currency makes it used as investment goods, and the price is extremely unstable. Those who do not understand the principle of digital currency and pay too much attention to speculation are easy to suffer losses for various reasons
Secondly, national digital currency is linked to its own legal currency to a certain extent, so it effectively avoids the price volatility of bitcoin. Because the CBDC issued by our country is guaranteed by the credit of the central bank, it must be a stable currency. In today's international situation, the research and development of digital currency in China is of great significance. The introction of digital currency is not an expedient measure, it has become the development direction of China's future currencythere is no unified concept of legal digital currency. The Bank of England defines "digital currency" as "a payment method existing only by electronic means... Which can be used to purchase physical goods and services"... Including "private digital currency" and "digital currency issued by the central bank". Further than the Bank of England, Yao Qian, director of the digital currency Research Institute of the people's Bank of China, made clear the multiple connotations of the central bank's legal digital currency in several public speeches: legal and encrypted credit currency, adopted a series of algorithms, and derived more intelligent functions in the payment function
to this end, the central bank has designed a system architecture of "one currency, two warehouses and three centers", that is, taking digital currency as the center, designing the issuing library and deposit library, matching the certification center, big data analysis center and registration center. The central bank's digital currency is issued by the central bank and circulated in the commercial bank's account. The issuing inventory is put into the people's Bank of China to deposit the digital currency. The deposit bank is the database of the commercial bank to deposit the central bank's digital currency. The authentication center manages the identity of institutions and users in a centralized way; The registration center completes the whole life cycle and ownership registration of the central bank's digital currency; The big data analysis center achieves the goals of anti money laundering, anti terrorist financing, index detection and analysis
as an important node in the framework of legal digital currency, commercial banks play an important role in the circulation of central bank's digital currency. In the case that China's non bank payment institutions have occupied a certain market share, it is a better choice for non bank payment institutions to participate in the framework of digital currency operation as a supplement to commercial banks. The reasons are as follows: first, third-party payment institutions can help commercial banks realize the promotion of legal digital currency. Within commercial banks, there is a competitive relationship between legal digital currency and physical currency. The public tends to convert the digital currency in cash account into traditional currency in exchange for income, so it is difficult to achieve the goal of promoting digital currency by commercial banks; Second, the third-party payment institutions can avoid the repeated construction of payment application scenarios by commercial banks. Different from non bank payment institutions, the current payment scenarios of commercial banks are relatively lack of diversification, which will lead to a waste of resources and the rich experience accumulated by non bank payment institutions; Third, the third-party payment institutions can appropriately rece the operating costs of commercial banks. On the one hand, commercial banks need to upgrade the necessary software and hardware for the central bank's digital money service; On the other hand, we should continue to do a good job in traditional RMB deposit and withdrawal services. The simultaneous operation of the two systems will increase a lot of human and material costs. Fourth, the third-party payment institutions can promote the construction of payment instruments and channel integration of commercial banks. In the framework of legal digital currency, the single payment instruments and complex payment channels provided by commercial banks may rece the enthusiasm of the public to use legal digital currency
2 the emergence of legal digital currency reshapes the role of non bank payment institutions
in the process of cooperation with commercial banks, all kinds of non bank payment institutions play four roles. The first is the role of account manager. Non bank payment institutions can not operate deposit and loan business, and the amount in their payment account is not a deposit, so it is easier for the public to accept the role of non bank payment institutions as "digital wallet". At the same time, non bank payment institutions have rich experience in the development and operation of digital currency wallets and their terminals, which is concive to the smooth management and use of central bank's digital currency, and there is no need to worry about the risk of misappropriation of funds by non bank payment institutions. The second is the role of payment service provider. Non bank payment institutions have a lot of experience in scenario development and operation, including mobile payment, cross-border payment and rural payment, and relatively large market share of scenario based payment. On the one hand, powerful non bank payment institutions can develop a variety of procts based on Intelligent legal digital currency to meet the needs of users' exchange, payment, storage and related derivatives; On the other hand, non bank payment institutions can make use of various scenarios to promote the use of legal digital currency. For example, when consumers want to invest through the central bank's digital currency, non bank payment institutions, with the experience of traditional currency investment and payment services and upgraded digital wallet, can be fully competent as the special payment service provider of digital currency investment. Third, the role of system construction service provider. NPC, the core of national payment and settlement system, and CCPC, the core of provincial payment and settlement system, will continue to play an important role in the framework of legal digital currency. In the long-term coexistence of legal digital currency and traditional currency, NPC and CCPC will be double important nodes. Non bank payment institutions with strong technical ability can be used as secondary verification nodes under the framework of legal digital currency to supplement the multi center and distributed system architecture and continue to dock with NPC and CCPC
3 technical connection between non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency system
the innovation of non bank payment institutions is accompanied by the connection with legal digital currency system, covering the whole process of digital currency generation, storage, use and withdrawal. In this process, the first thing to solve is the docking of basic layer technology and transaction mole. The docking of basic layer technology is reflected in three aspects. First, in terms of basic security technology, non bank payment institutions, as providers of mobile terminal transaction forms, need to apply terminal security mole technology, dock with unified encryption and decryption system, provide carriers for secure storage and encryption and decryption operations, and provide effective basic security protection for digital currency. Secondly, in the aspect of data security technology, non bank payment institutions, as a part of the whole payment system, should adopt the official unified ciphertext + MAC / ciphertext + hash technology to transmit digital currency information, so as to ensure the confidentiality, security and non tamperability of the information. Thirdly, in the aspect of transaction security technology, non bank payment institutions, as the advanced nodes participating in bookkeeping, adopt blind signature technology to ensure the controllable anonymity of digital currency in the process of transaction, and eliminate the possibility of repeated payment through serial number, time stamp and other ways; And through encryption and decryption, digital signature, identity authentication and other anti-counterfeiting ways to ensure the authenticity of the transaction
when docking with the transaction mole, non bank payment institutions should do the following: first, docking with the certification center to obtain relevant digital certificates and user identity information; Second, connect with the trusted service management mole to obtain the use function of digital currency; Third, connect with the issuing system and storage system, and apply for and exchange digital currency through the bank treasury; Fourth, connect with the transaction communication mole to ensure that users can realize online payment through the transaction network in the intelligent terminal based on online transaction communication; Fifth, connect with the registration center, notify and record the flow of digital currency transactions, so as to complete the registration of the central bank's digital currency generation, circulation, checking and extinction process
4 scenario docking between non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency system
scenario docking of non bank payment institutions is based on the transformation of their own roles. Legal digital currency is algorithmic currency and intelligent currency, so business innovation and scenario expansion are the proper meaning of legal digital currency system. Non bank payment institutions can achieve scene docking mainly in four aspects
first, enabling the financial instry and defusing the limitations of financial scenario services. At present, there are some limitations in financial scenario service, such as business modeling is not universal, different agents have different management requirements, and the system docking cost of participants is high. Non bank payment institutions connect with the underlying technology of legal digital currency, and through the research and development of smart contract, establish behavior information such as capital flow, trigger conditions, value change rules, revenue right registration, and corresponding capital information (amount, account, currency, etc.) to resolve the existing limitations of financial scenario service. Non bank payment institutions use the atomic properties of digital currency and the atomic transactions of smart contracts to "assemble" into a business model. It does not need to develop a separate platform for different business scenarios, and avoids the monopoly of the instry platform and the non disclosure of information
Second, expand the use scenarios and improve the user experience. Non bank payment institutions can continue to expand the use scenarios according to the characteristics of legal digital currency on the basis of the existing rich payment scenarios, so as to meet the needs of users' exchange, payment, storage and related derivatives. At the same time, through the aggregation application, users can use the app of non bank payment institutions to dock a large number of scenarios and services
thirdly, improve the security of funds and create a universal digital wallet. Non bank payment institutions can provide digital wallet services, create digital wallets that meet security standards through their own technology, and ensure the security of users' funds. Alternative methods include: the central bank and non bank payment institutions cooperate to develop a unified universal digital wallet application, or authorize several qualified non bank payment institutions to provide universal digital wallet services. The digital wallet can realize the mutual exchange between the user's funds in various commercial banks and the legal digital currency even in the self owned accounts of non bank payment institutions. From the perspective of implementation, at the same time, the traditional account system of commercial banks can also bind the digital currency wallet of non bank payment institutions, so as to achieve the joint management of traditional accounts bound with digital currency wallet
Fourth, help cross-border settlement and build a safe and reliable cross time zone alliance chain. Non bank payment institutions can deeply participate in the cross-border payment system of legal digital currency. Cooperation with commercial banks and central banks can be achieved in at least two aspects. First, payment standards and tools are available. Non bank payment institutions participate in the research and establishment of standards and tools to realize the possibility of technical docking. Second, cross border payment system. The business system led by the central bank and participated by commercial banks and qualified non bank payment institutions will help to realize efficient cross-border payment
5 the legal framework of non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency is connected
a perfect legal system is an important guarantee for the operation of the digital currency system. There are several key questions to answer. First, how to determine the ownership of legal digital currency? This is the basis of all legal acts of legal digital currency. The first way of thinking is that legal digital currency is intangible. As a special movable property, it is applicable to the provisions of the property law. For example, Liu Xiangmin, director of the Department of articles and law of the people's Bank of China, believes that "to solve the problem of ownership transfer of digital currency, we should also focus on the publicity of ownership." The second idea is that digital currency is an electromagnetic record, which is applicable to the law of data transfer and transaction. The essence of digital currency is electromagnetic recording, and the transfer of electromagnetic recording content is recorded in the node of digital currency technology architecture. The change of node records is taken as the standard of ownership transfer. Second, how to protect personal information security? Personal information security is a basic problem in the era of digital economy. In addition to legislation to improve the level of technical security, we should also make clear the main types of legal digital currency system
On October 8, Shenzhen Municipal People's government and the people's Bank of China jointly launched a pilot project of digital RMB red envelope
after the news was sent out, it has aroused warm repercussions from all walks of life across the country. At this stage, people are most concerned about the impact of digital RMB on our daily life? Will it replace Alipay and WeChat? Due to the lack of introction and promotion of digital RMB by authoritative institutions, the citizens and businesses participating in the activities also have many questions about digital RMB. According to the official announcement, the red envelope activity of digital RMB is a routine test in the process of digital RMB research and development. It can be seen that there is still a certain distance from the official implementation of digital RMB
There is no consistent definition of direct banking in China. In general, direct banking is a way that banks break the traditional counter business and can directly handle business on the Internet in order to attract more users and facilitate the use of customers. Users can handle business through web pages, mobile terminals, etc, Save a lot of waiting time for both sides. The business philosophy of this mode is to develop towards faster and more convenient business processing, which greatly reces the time and energy spent by users in banking business processing. Compared with the traditional banks in the past, direct banks mainly have the advantages of strong network dependence, accurate business procts, low cost, convenient and fast, but the relative strong network dependence is also a major factor hindering the development of direct banks. These characteristics make the transaction process of direct bank very simple, operation time is short, the staff is reced a lot, the use of fixed equipment and original procts is reced a lot, and the cost is greatly reced, which is an innovation for the bank to survive in the increasingly fierce competition
There are four trends in the development of direct banking Technology enables the development of direct banking. The application of cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other new generation information technology will fundamentally change the operation mode of direct banking, improve service efficiency and level, and rece service cost. The specific ways are mainly reflected in the following aspects. One is to further improve user experience and service efficiency by introcing new technologies such as machine learning, virtual reality and biometrics; Second, through cloud computing, distributed architecture and other solutions, reconstruct the infrastructure deployment mode, rece operating costs, and build the ability to serve a large number of customers; The third is to use big data to improve the level of risk control, anti fraud, proct pricing, precision marketing, intelligent investment consulting, etc. In addition, blockchain and other technologies can provide strong support for the new financial transaction mode In the process of using financial technology, on the one hand, direct banks should grasp the development trend of financial technology, and lay out the field of financial technology by strengthening talent reserve and technology accumulation, and communicating and cooperating with third parties. In the process of continuously enhancing the ability of self-control of core technologies and optimizing and improving the efficiency of the overall science and technology system, we should carry out learning and Research on emerging frontier technologies, apply innovation, cultivate data thinking, establish cooperation mechanisms between internal and external parties, and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation with frontier high-tech enterprises in big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc, Innovative laboratories such as intelligent risk control and precision marketing can be set up in the form of joint construction, and innovative projects can be researched and implemented to build an intelligent financial technology system with strong cloud computing and big data processing capabilities. On the other hand, it is necessary to build a standardized open business platform, formulate standardized cooperation docking process, build a standardized merchant cooperation platform system integrating docking, joint debugging, testing, online and operation management, quickly and efficiently promote technology docking and financial services standardized output, and use scientific and technological means to improve business capacity2. The development strategy of platform will become the priority of direct banks in the future. In recent years, platform economy is rising rapidly. Among the top 10 companies with global market value in 2017, platform enterprises occupy as many as six seats, namely apple, Google, Facebook, Amazon, Alibaba and Tencent. Platform economy has become a worldwide trend business model and a new economic development paradigm, which has promoted the major changes in proction and lifestyle, and has increasingly become an important part of social economy
for commercial banks, the rapid development of platform economy has brought both opportunities and challenges. Platform enterprises gather a large number of merchants and customers. Merchants and customers have financial service needs. The platform has financial cross-border cooperation, data commercialization, business compliance and other needs, which puts forward new requirements for the traditional customer acquisition and service mode of commercial banks. The platform has rich resources such as business flow, logistics and capital flow, and is an important customer group of commercial banks
direct banking service platform will become the future trend. Through the construction of financial service intermediary platform, the direct bank realizes the integration of basic procts and services of the bank, interbank, non interbank and other institutions in the proct end, and creates the financial cloud of wealth management, network financing, payment and settlement, big data services. In terms of customer service, it will realize the integration of platform enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises on the platform, small and medium-sized enterprises on the platform Comprehensive and comprehensive services for consumers on the platform
in the face of different platforms in the fields of consumption, instry and government affairs, the strategies of financial intermediary service platform constructed by banks are also different, which can be built according to three modes
(1) for those related fields that have not yet formed a platform for aggregation and specialization, direct banks can integrate internal and external resources, open up key nodes through self construction, M & A, investment and other forms, and build an in-house financial intermediary service platform to cover the whole scene of subdivided instries. Taking the acquisition of auto home by Ping An Trust in 2016 as an example, auto home, as a domestic auto vertical professional media, will not only obtain strong support from Ping An Group in terms of capital, but also become an important part of building an all-round auto service ecosystem for Ping An group. To build a platform model, it is generally necessary to rely on the resources of the group or parent bank to form a synergy of public and retail business; In addition, banks need to define their own service boundary, avoid large and comprehensive platform, resulting in excessive resource investment, and it is difficult to meet the personalized needs
(2) if a specialized platform has been formed in relevant fields, or the platform has not extended to the financial field e to regulatory requirements, direct banks can export financial procts and services through docking with such platforms
(3) the relevant fields have formed monopolistic resource integrators, and the services have been extended to the financial field, so it is difficult for banks to build their own platform to let the participants settle in. The relatively feasible solution for direct banks is to provide funds and financial services to the platform
3. Service scenario. In the future, direct banking procts will be a standardized proct that can be easily embedded into various financial scenarios. According to the view of a bank's senior financial practitioners, it is financial media. In the future, Internet banking and direct banking will become media tools for a bank to carry out mobile financial transformation. In the Internet dimension space, Internet banking and direct banking will become media tools, As a medium like air, it permeates into various scenes of financial services
4. Independent organizational structure. Most foreign direct banks adopt the independent legal person business model, and China's direct banks will graally develop in the direction of independence. With the official opening of Baixin bank, the first independent legal person direct bank in China, several independent legal person direct banks may be approved. The independent organizational structure of direct bank will have a positive impact on proct innovation, risk isolation from parent bank, mobilization of team enthusiasm, cost accounting, customer management, science and technology development mechanism, etc
In the process of independent corporatization of direct banking, the introction of external strategic investors will become one of the options. Through the introction of strategic investors, the capital strength can be improved. At the same time, through the docking with shareholders' resources, technology, scene, etc., the construction and development ability of direct banking ecology can be rapidly improved, and the coordination and win-win between direct banking and shareholders can be realizedJin Yong Heroes 3 (hereinafter referred to as "Jin 3") has the following characteristics:
1. Rich props
the current version has included more than 300 kinds of weapons, armor, secret scripts, pills and catering items in Jin Yong's novels, which is a small number in the huge Jin Yong world system, But in a short and lean flash RPG game is also a large scale
2. Chongxue system
the upgrade of characters in the game will not directly increase the maximum limit of life and internal power, but obtain [cultivation value]. Through these accomplishments, you can get through the eight channels of the classic one by one. The opening of each acupoint and meridian will increase the maximum limit of life and internal power. If all the acupoints on a single meridian are opened, the internal skill attribute will be increased to make the move more powerful; In addition, some advanced internal and lightness mental skills also need to get through the relevant meridians before they can be cultivated
3. Carriage system
the core meaning of carriage system is teammate system. At present, there are more than 30 characters in Jin Yong's world who can join the leading role's team and accompany them to wander the rivers and lakes< There are several characteristics of team-mates.
A. in combat, team-mates are not controlled by players, and their behavior is determined by their AI.
B. team mates can't be upgraded directly, but when they attack and destroy an enemy, they will have a certain chance to gain a bonus of a certain attribute, or compete with the protagonist in [carriage], and the protagonist wins, or they can randomly increase a certain attribute of team-mates
C teammates have favorable rating. The higher the liking degree, the higher the value the teammates will improve each time they get the chance to improve their attributes. The cultivation of liking lies in giving away the favorite things of teammates at the banquet Present the props and treasures that teammates yearn for In a word, the higher your liking, the faster your teammate will grow
D acquisition of new martial arts by teammates. Through a special event or the protagonist to give its related props. For example, if Duan Yu was given the sword score of "six pulse sword", Duan Yu would learn the martial arts of "six pulse sword"
e teammates' martial arts are upgraded according to the number of times they are used. When their internal power is insufficient, the power of the move will decrease. This is also true of the protagonist
if you leave, some of your teammates will never be found; Another part can be retrieved through subsequent events. Therefore, every time you join a teammate, you should seriously consider it. When there are four teammates in the team, other teammates will not join. Remember
4. Martial arts system
A. in the game, martial arts can be divided into [fist and palm], [finger], [sword], [sword], [stick], [concealed weapon], [internal skill moves] and so on
b [sword], [sword], [staff], [concealed weapon] all need to be equipped with corresponding equipment to use moves, otherwise they will not be able to perform
C before the battle, players can set the martial arts icon in the shortcut bar. In the battle, the number keys 1-8 correspond to the martial arts of 8 positions in the 8 shortcut bar
d [fist palm], [finger], [sword], [sword], [staff], [concealed weapon] when the internal power is insufficient, the power will be greatly reced, but the moves can still be issued The number of concealed weapons will be consumed if you use it once
e [internal skill move] only when equipped with a specific internal skill will the corresponding martial arts appear at position 8 of the shortcut bar. The power of this martial art depends on the [internal skill] attribute, but when the internal power is insufficient, it can't be used completely. Although it is powerful, it consumes a lot of internal power
f the range of martial arts can be divided into horizontal, vertical, whole and indivial. The maximum number of enemies is six in two platoons. When the people in the first row are not eliminated, you can't hit the enemy behind them by using single range martial arts
G martial arts are upgraded by the number of times they are used. The higher the savvy, the faster the upgrade will be. After upgrading, the attributes of the corresponding categories will be improved
H battle shortcut keys
1 ~ 8 correspond to 8 positions. Martial arts 0 is a common attack
qwe corresponds to the props set on the props shortcut bar
zxc selects the enemy. At present, the aperture under the enemy's feet is the target of the protagonist's attack. The target is not controlled by the player
I from the perspective of combat participation, combat can be divided into single challenge of protagonist and group fight of teammates; According to the battle result, it can be divided into plot battle and life and death battle, that is, if you lose, you will win the battle and you will end up destroying all the enemies; The failure of the battle begins when the protagonist's life is hit to zero
5. The map of the Central Plains
is more abundant than Jinyong Heroes 2. Among them, there are 21 well-known sects in Jinyong's world, which can be used for practicing martial arts and annexing. That is to say, as long as you are powerful enough to unify many sects in the Jianghu, it is not impossible for you to have an addiction to the emperor of Wulin
6. Events
there are two kinds of events in golden 3
one is announcement event, which is similar to task release. Different tasks will be released every month for players to complete, and each time players enter the game, they will receive different announcement events
the other is adventure. This requires players to seriously find out when wandering in the world
most of the announcement tasks are based on the original events of Jin Yong's novels
after completing the announcement task or the adventure in the Jianghu, the result may also be to join new teammates, learn new martial arts, and obtain new secrets...
7 time
the time in the game passes according to the player's behavior. According to the plot arrangement, the player's [River and lake career] is only two years, and after two years, he will enter the so-called [doomsday robbery] [decisive battle]! Therefore, players must carefully plan their daily life in the game world, and don't wait until they are finally knocked down to the ground to regret for their mediocrity...
8 schools to learn from
currently, there are 5 schools to learn from. But the admission conditions are very harsh, and part of the story is hidden. Please feel patiently. The sects are Shaolin, Wudang, Huashan, Quanzhen and Gumu
9 with instructions
a this game supports custom avatar function. Please prepare 60 * 71 head picture in advance
if the picture is stored in the Internet space, you can directly fill in the network address of the picture in the [picture address]
if the picture is local, please refer to the following format:
file: / / / G: / / avatar. JPG
is to add "file: / /"
b "Gold 3" will inherit the [super initial archive] generated by "gold 2" after customs clearance. But the premise is that this archive is generated by playing "golden 2 plus" online on the website, and the locally generated one cannot be inherited temporarily. And must be in the same website, namely in a website play "gold 2 enhanced version" generated archive, also only a website "Gold 3" can inherit. This is determined by the characteristics of flash itself. At present, the author is still thinking about how to improve it in the future
C in this game, the role of sleep is to replenish life internal power and save
d this game can't be played locally for the time being, because it will cause exceptions
e there may be some bugs in this version. Please leave a message on the author's blog in time http://blog.sina.com.cn/JYgame
f the game material is from the Internet, part of which is original by the author. Most of the game picture resources right for the original game proction company all! If it violates your legal rights, please contact the author: XO_ [email protected] This game is made by the author. Please do not modify or crack it without permission,
1.06 repair content
[fix] when Yan Honglie was killed in the capital city, he was killed at the airport.
[fix] the bug that blacksmith ore couldn't get weapons.
[fix] the date when he left the school at the end of the year bug
[fix] life becomes negative bug
[fix] Huang Rong can't join the bug.
[fix] the medicine is invalid bug.
[fix] Ren Yingying's mission is black Screen bug
[correction] Wudang faction danfang Yu Lianzhou el crash bug
[correction] niujiacun cycle killing robbers bug
[correction] unable to learn wind Sabre bug
[correction] niujiacun ancestor Qianqiu tea selling bug
[correction] ice silkworm task win will crash bug
[correction] internal skill upgrade text prompt error
[add] ancient tomb martial arts beauty boxing
Add] the plot of siguoya and some martial arts of Huashan sect
[add] the function of fighting and escaping in the sect
[note] teammates are in the team, but they can't fight. There are only two reasons: one is that the opponent points out that he or she wants to fight with you alone; the other is that his or her teammates are seriously injured and can't fight with him or her life is 1.
update of version 1.07, Nun Dingyi has no fighting image bug
[fix] can't detoxify bug
[fix] Hengshan sect can't leave bug
[fix] innocent special effect bug appears in the game
[fix] the countdown to doomsday robbery 30 days prompt circulation bug
[fix] the problem will be recovered if the cultivation point changes life internal power
[fix] heartbreak grass can't cure Yang Guo bug
[fix] sect Skills don't show level bug
[fix] card problem of women's clothing for teammates
[fix] Huang zhenchu won the fight and couldn't get goods bug
[fix] Tian Guinong's task couldn't get cold moon sword bug correctly
[enhance] the effect of bear gall and snake gall
[enhance] improve the initial ability of the protagonist
[rece] the difficulty of obtaining some secret scripts
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