GDP digital currency platform
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GDP is the abbreviation of gross domestic proct, that is, GDP. GDP is usually defined as the total value of the market value of all the final procts and services proced in the economy of a country or region in a certain period of time (a quarter or a year). In economics, GDP and GNP (gross national proct) are commonly used to measure the comprehensive level of economic development of a country or region. This is also a measure commonly used by various countries and regions at present. GDP is the most concerned economic statistics in macro economy, because it is considered to be the most important indicator to measure the development of national economy. Generally speaking, GDP has three forms: value form, income form and proct form. From the perspective of value form, it is the difference between the value of all goods and services proced by all resident units in a certain period and the value of all non fixed assets goods and services invested in the same period, that is, the sum of the added value of all resident units; In terms of income form, it is the sum of income directly created by all resident units in a certain period of time; From the perspective of proct form, it is the final use of goods and services minus the import of goods and services.
1. The function is different:
the function of GDP is to measure the state of national economy
the GN interface between SGSN and GGSN of backbone network is used to transmit user packets for MS and external packet data network; It is used for IU PS interface between SGSN and RNC to transmit user data packets of MS and external PDN
used between the source SGSN and the destination SGSN for the transmission of the unfinished t-p to the MS ring the inter SGSN route update or SRNS relocation; GP interface between SGSN and GGSN for different PLMN
2. Different types:
GDP is the final result of proction activities of all resident units in a country (or region) in a certain period of time calculated according to the market price. There are three forms of GDP: value form, income form and proct form
GTP is a network engineering, a group of IP based high-level protocols, located in TCP / IP or UDP / IP protocols
extended data:
information element
1. The IE of GTP should use TLV (type, length, value) or TV (type, value) encoding format
2. The value of length field is the length of IE except type and length fields
3. Some fields in IE can be empty. The receiver does not consider these bits for future expansion
4. If the highest bit of type field is set to 0, it means TV coding format, otherwise it means TLV coding format
Gross domestic proct (GDP) refers to the final results of the proction activities of all resident units in a country (or region) in a certain period of time calculated according to the market price. It is often recognized as the best indicator to measure the national economic situation. GDP is an important comprehensive statistical index in the accounting system, and it is also the core index in the new national accounting system. It reflects the economic strength and market scale of a country (or region)
GTP is a group of IP based high-level protocols, which is located on TCP / IP or UDP / IP protocols. It is mainly used to support general packet radio service (GPRS) in GSM, UMTS and LTE networks
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extended data:
I. application of GTP
it is used for the GN interface between SGSN and GGSN of backbone network to transmit user packets for MS and external packet data network
used for IU PS interface between SGSN and RNC, used for transmitting user packets between MS and external PDN
used for transmission between source SGSN and destination SGSN, used for transmission of unfinished t-p to MS ring inter SGSN route update or SRNS relocation
used for GP interface between SGSN and GGSN of different PLMN
2 GDP growth
Real GDP and nominal GDP are usually unequal (only the base year for calculating the fixed price of real GDP is equal). The relationship between them is as follows:
Real GDP = nominal GDP ÷ GDP deflator (the index of the base period of 100), nominal GDP = real GDP × GDP deflator; The relationship between nominal GDP growth rate and real GDP growth rate is nominal GDP growth rate = [(1 + real GDP growth rate) ×( 1 + local deflator increase) × 100%]-1
GDP refers to the value of all the final procts and services proced in the economy of a country or region in a certain period of time (a quarter or a year). It is often recognized as the best indicator to measure the economic situation of a country. It can not only reflect a country's economic performance, but also reflect a country's national strength and wealth< (1) GDP is an important comprehensive index in SNA accounting system, and it is also the core index in the new national accounting system< (2) GDP is an indicator reflecting the results of proction activities of resident units. Resident unit refers to the economic unit with economic interest center in the economic territory of a country. Economic territory refers to the geographical territory controlled or owned by the government of a country. That is to say, on the basis of its own geographical scope, it should also include its embassies and consulates abroad, scientific research stations and aid institutions, and the above-mentioned institutions of foreign countries in the country should be dected accordingly (International institutions do not belong to permanent residence units of any country, but their employees belong to permanent residents of the country where they are located). Economic interest center refers to a unit or indivial who has a certain place of activity, engaged in certain proction and consumption activities in the economic territory of a country, and has been operating or living for more than one year. An institution or indivial can only have one economic interest center. Generally speaking, no matter which country controls its assets and management, an institution has a center of economic interests in its host country as long as it meets the above criteria. As far as an indivial is concerned, no matter which country his / her nationality belongs to, as long as he / she meets the above criteria, the resident has a center of economic interests in the country where he / she lives. Because the concept of permanent residence unit strictly defines the scope of a country's economic entities, it is of great significance to determine the calculation caliber of GDP, clarify the accounting boundaries between domestic and foreign countries, and the scope of various transaction volumes< Many enterprises and institutions, network teams and indivials can not freely use the Internet to realize their wishes e to the weak technical strength and the limitation of service threshold. Now & quot; Lutong network;, In the aspect of technology, it has achieved breakthrough results, especially for users: GIP information portal platform. Users do not need professional programming technology, as long as they can type and surf the Internet, they can realize self-service: enterprise portal, online mall, distance ecation, regional business circle and other comprehensive portal sites. Fully display their image, talent and network ability, easy to carry out e-commerce.
With the transformation of China's economic growth stage under the new normal, the pursuit of high growth rate in the past has shifted to focusing on the quality of growth, the goal of GDP growth has been graally weakened, and the statistical law enforcement has become increasingly strict, and the audit responsibility of officials needs to be lifelong. As a result, many provinces began to "expose their ugly families" and tried to squeeze the water in the past economic data
according to the Xinhua news agency, the Party committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region admitted at the regional economic work conference that the government's fiscal revenue was increasing and idling, and the instrial added value was also increasing. According to the accounting of the financial audit department, in 2016, the general public budget revenue was reced by 53 billion yuan, accounting for 26.3% of the total amount of that year. Accordingly, the 17 year budget revenue target was reced to 170.3 billion yuan, and the added value of instries above Designated Size in 2016 was reced by 290 billion yuan, accounting for 40% of the total instrial added value, accounting for 15.6% of the total GDP of Inner Mongolia in 2016
3.2 the rising debt pressure forced the fiscal and tax reform
but the economic and tax data went down, which actually weakened the debt repayment guarantee and increased the local debt pressure. In 2016, the ratio of local government's debt to GDP was 38.3%, which was the highest in China; After the next revision of GDP, Inner Mongolia will increase from 31.3% to 37.3%, and Tianjin will increase from 16.3% to 20.0%; In 2016, the local government debt ratios of Jilin, Yunnan, Hunan and Chongqing were 19.6%, 43.0%, 21.6% and 21.1% respectively, which were generally higher than the median of each province (21.1%)
the preliminary estimation process is generally carried out at the beginning of the next year. At this time, the annual GDP accounting can get less information. Basically, it is estimated and calculated on the basis of the preliminary statistical data (express) provided by the relevant professional departments of the National Bureau of statistics. It needs to be verified after obtaining more sufficient information
the preliminary verification process is generally carried out in the second quarter of the next year. At this time, the annual report statistics of the National Bureau of statistics, the annual report statistics of the relevant departments of the State Council and some administrative data were obtained one after another, but most of the administrative data and accounting data could not be obtained. Therefore, compared with the preliminary estimated data, the GDP data obtained from the preliminary verification is more accurate, but the corresponding data need to be further verified
the final verification process is generally carried out in the fourth quarter of the next year. At this time, the data needed and available for annual GDP accounting are basically complete. Compared with the preliminary verification data, the GDP data calculated based on these data are obviously more accurate
in addition, in addition to the process of preliminary estimation, preliminary verification and final verification, the determination of annual GDP data may also undergo the process of historical data adjustment. When the following situations or one of the following situations occurs, the historical data of GDP will be adjusted: new data sources will be found or generated, and the new data sources will have great changes in data compared with the original data sources; The classification of GDP accounting has changed and so on.