Digital currency debt to equity swap
Publish: 2021-04-20 23:23:24
1. The daily rise and fall of bond and monetary funds depend on market interest rate, exchange rate, bond itself and other factors
bond funds are mainly invested in fixed income financial instruments such as treasury bonds and financial bonds, which are also called "fixed income funds" because their investment procts yield relatively stable returns
according to the proportion of investment in stocks, bond funds can be divided into pure bond funds and partial bond funds. The difference between the two is that pure debt funds do not invest in stocks, while partial debt funds can invest in a small number of stocks. The advantage of partial debt fund is that it can allocate assets flexibly according to the trend of stock market, and share the opportunities brought by stock market under the condition of risk control
generally speaking, bond funds do not charge subscription or subscription fees, and the redemption rate is also low
monetary fund is an open-end fund. According to the types of financial procts invested by the open-end fund, people divide the open-end fund into four basic types: Equity Fund, hybrid fund, bond fund and Monetary Fund. The first two types belong to the capital market, and the latter is the money market
monetary funds mainly invest in bonds, central bank bills, repurchase and other highly secure short-term financial procts, also known as "quasi savings procts", whose main characteristics are "worry free principal, convenient demand, regular income, daily income, monthly dividend"
monetary funds only invest in the money market, such as short-term treasury bonds, repo, central bank bills, bank deposits and so on, with little risk. Its liquidity is second only to the bank's current savings, and its income is calculated every day. Generally, the income is carried forward into fund shares in a month, and the income is slightly higher than that of a year's fixed deposit, and the interest is tax-free. The principal of monetary fund is relatively safe, and the expected annual yield is 3.9%. It is suitable for liquid investment tools and is an alternative to savings.
bond funds are mainly invested in fixed income financial instruments such as treasury bonds and financial bonds, which are also called "fixed income funds" because their investment procts yield relatively stable returns
according to the proportion of investment in stocks, bond funds can be divided into pure bond funds and partial bond funds. The difference between the two is that pure debt funds do not invest in stocks, while partial debt funds can invest in a small number of stocks. The advantage of partial debt fund is that it can allocate assets flexibly according to the trend of stock market, and share the opportunities brought by stock market under the condition of risk control
generally speaking, bond funds do not charge subscription or subscription fees, and the redemption rate is also low
monetary fund is an open-end fund. According to the types of financial procts invested by the open-end fund, people divide the open-end fund into four basic types: Equity Fund, hybrid fund, bond fund and Monetary Fund. The first two types belong to the capital market, and the latter is the money market
monetary funds mainly invest in bonds, central bank bills, repurchase and other highly secure short-term financial procts, also known as "quasi savings procts", whose main characteristics are "worry free principal, convenient demand, regular income, daily income, monthly dividend"
monetary funds only invest in the money market, such as short-term treasury bonds, repo, central bank bills, bank deposits and so on, with little risk. Its liquidity is second only to the bank's current savings, and its income is calculated every day. Generally, the income is carried forward into fund shares in a month, and the income is slightly higher than that of a year's fixed deposit, and the interest is tax-free. The principal of monetary fund is relatively safe, and the expected annual yield is 3.9%. It is suitable for liquid investment tools and is an alternative to savings.
2. Distinguish whether you are investing in digital currency or collecting digital currency to keep value
I. for collection:
Step 1: you can directly buy usdt in RMB through the "legal currency trading" channel of the hot money Pro Professional station
Step 2: transfer the newly purchased usdt from the "OTC station" to the "professional station" through the mutual transfer within the station, and then the account will arrive in seconds, 0 handling charge
Step 3: buy money through the "currency trading" channel of the hot money Pro Professional station
second investment:
Step 1: set up a platform with investment in digital currency
Step 2: input capital
Step 3: use leverage to invest
I. for collection:
Step 1: you can directly buy usdt in RMB through the "legal currency trading" channel of the hot money Pro Professional station
Step 2: transfer the newly purchased usdt from the "OTC station" to the "professional station" through the mutual transfer within the station, and then the account will arrive in seconds, 0 handling charge
Step 3: buy money through the "currency trading" channel of the hot money Pro Professional station
second investment:
Step 1: set up a platform with investment in digital currency
Step 2: input capital
Step 3: use leverage to invest
3. Yes, the central bank is going to issue digital currency to replace M0 and RMB
4. What Vicat uses is not blockchain technology. Its English name is onecoin, which is a term of network virtual currency created by the government and suspected of pyramid selling fraud
the mainstream currencies such as bitcoin, wikilink, bitcoin cash and Ethereum are the ones that really use blockchain technology.
the mainstream currencies such as bitcoin, wikilink, bitcoin cash and Ethereum are the ones that really use blockchain technology.
5. Hello, digital currency is not used to solve triangle debt. No matter what kind of currency is used as settlement currency, if you accept credit from others, triangle debt is inevitable. Triangle debt is man-made
the digital currency instry is definitely the mainstream investment trend in the next few years. You can also learn more about
I have been doing this for several years, so I can communicate with you
the digital currency instry is definitely the mainstream investment trend in the next few years. You can also learn more about
I have been doing this for several years, so I can communicate with you
6. There will be other crises. These decades are the most peaceful in human history
7. The accounting entries of debt to equity swap are:
debit:
liabilities such as long-term loans
Credit:
capital stock, capital reserve, etc.
the accounting treatment of debt to equity swap is divided into three situations:
the first is the accounting treatment on the realization date of debt to equity swap. When the debtor is a joint-stock enterprise, the debt enterprise should recognize the share of equity enjoyed by the creditor e to abandoning the creditor's rights as equity; When the debtor is a non joint stock enterprise, the debtor enterprise should recognize the share of equity that the creditor enjoys as the paid in capital. The difference between the fair value of equity shares and paid in capital (share capital) is recognized as capital reserve. The difference between the book value of the restructured debt and the fair value of the equity shares is regarded as the debt restructuring income and included in the current profits and losses
borrowing: long term borrowing
lending: capital stock
capital reserve
non operating income - debt restructuring income
the second is the accounting treatment in the enterprise operation stage after the realization of debt to equity swap. For the state-owned enterprises, after the debt to equity swap, the enterprises maintain normal and continuous operation, and their accounting business is treated as general business. In this process, the financial asset management company should participate in the decision-making of the state-owned enterprise operation, but not interfere in its daily operation, so its accounting treatment is similar to the general business cycle. When distributing dividends or dividends at the end of the year, the financial asset management company shall be treated as a general investor
the third is the accounting treatment when the financial company withdraws from the state-owned enterprise after the stage shareholding. Because the financial asset management company only solves the bad debt relationship between banks and enterprises, the nature of the intermediary determines that the holding of its enterprise is only a stage holding, and it must withdraw from the enterprise after realizing the holding goal and recovering the funds. There are two ways to deal with it. One is that the enterprise can get rid of difficulties and make profits, the financial asset management company can recover its investment, and if the bad debt is successfully transformed, it can transfer its equity and exit the enterprise; The other is the failure of enterprise operation, which eventually leads to enterprise liquidation and bankruptcy. In the former case, there are two ways: one is that the financial asset management company sells its equity to other companies. At this time, the accounting treatment of the debt enterprise should be: if it is a listed company, it does not need to be treated; If it is a non listed company, it should rece the share of "paid in capital asset management company" and increase the share of "paid in capital asset management company" at the same time; Second, the financial asset management company does not sell the equity to other enterprises, but directly to the debt enterprise. In this case, the accounting information of the debt enterprise should reflect the decrease of the monetary fund and the owner's equity at the same time. For the latter case, it can only be applied to bankruptcy liquidation accounting. In fact, it is to postpone the bankruptcy time of an enterprise, and the potential risk of debt to equity swap will be transformed into actual investment loss
debit:
liabilities such as long-term loans
Credit:
capital stock, capital reserve, etc.
the accounting treatment of debt to equity swap is divided into three situations:
the first is the accounting treatment on the realization date of debt to equity swap. When the debtor is a joint-stock enterprise, the debt enterprise should recognize the share of equity enjoyed by the creditor e to abandoning the creditor's rights as equity; When the debtor is a non joint stock enterprise, the debtor enterprise should recognize the share of equity that the creditor enjoys as the paid in capital. The difference between the fair value of equity shares and paid in capital (share capital) is recognized as capital reserve. The difference between the book value of the restructured debt and the fair value of the equity shares is regarded as the debt restructuring income and included in the current profits and losses
borrowing: long term borrowing
lending: capital stock
capital reserve
non operating income - debt restructuring income
the second is the accounting treatment in the enterprise operation stage after the realization of debt to equity swap. For the state-owned enterprises, after the debt to equity swap, the enterprises maintain normal and continuous operation, and their accounting business is treated as general business. In this process, the financial asset management company should participate in the decision-making of the state-owned enterprise operation, but not interfere in its daily operation, so its accounting treatment is similar to the general business cycle. When distributing dividends or dividends at the end of the year, the financial asset management company shall be treated as a general investor
the third is the accounting treatment when the financial company withdraws from the state-owned enterprise after the stage shareholding. Because the financial asset management company only solves the bad debt relationship between banks and enterprises, the nature of the intermediary determines that the holding of its enterprise is only a stage holding, and it must withdraw from the enterprise after realizing the holding goal and recovering the funds. There are two ways to deal with it. One is that the enterprise can get rid of difficulties and make profits, the financial asset management company can recover its investment, and if the bad debt is successfully transformed, it can transfer its equity and exit the enterprise; The other is the failure of enterprise operation, which eventually leads to enterprise liquidation and bankruptcy. In the former case, there are two ways: one is that the financial asset management company sells its equity to other companies. At this time, the accounting treatment of the debt enterprise should be: if it is a listed company, it does not need to be treated; If it is a non listed company, it should rece the share of "paid in capital asset management company" and increase the share of "paid in capital asset management company" at the same time; Second, the financial asset management company does not sell the equity to other enterprises, but directly to the debt enterprise. In this case, the accounting information of the debt enterprise should reflect the decrease of the monetary fund and the owner's equity at the same time. For the latter case, it can only be applied to bankruptcy liquidation accounting. In fact, it is to postpone the bankruptcy time of an enterprise, and the potential risk of debt to equity swap will be transformed into actual investment loss
8. 1. The choice and method of debt to equity swap enterprises
debt to equity swap refers to that the state establishes a professional financial asset management company through financial allocation and takes the financial asset management company as the main investment body, Through the off take of non-performing assets of the state-owned commercial banks by the financial asset management company, the loans of the former state-owned commercial banks to the state-owned enterprises will be converted into the equity of the financial asset management company and the State Development Bank to the enterprises. In this way, the original relationship of creditor's rights and debts between the banks and the state-owned enterprises will be changed from the original repayment of principal and interest to the dividend according to the shares, In fact, financial asset management companies become class shareholders of enterprises. Debt to equity swap involves the interests of state-owned commercial banks, state-owned enterprises and financial asset management companies. It is an important measure to resolve the risk of non-performing assets, improve the quality of bank assets and improve the debt structure of state-owned enterprises< The operation of debt to equity swap must follow the principle of market economy, carefully select the applicable object of debt to equity swap, and prevent state-owned enterprises from rushing into action to avoid bank debt and the loss of state-owned assets< The target of debt to equity swap should be those large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises which are related to the lifeline of the national economy, play an important role in the national economy and have the prospect of joint-stock reform, and whose loans account for more than 50% of the capital output, and whose overe loans exceed 30% of the total loans. These state-owned enterprises must also have the following five conditions: first, the procts are marketable, The quality meets the requirements and has market competitiveness. Second, the technology and equipment are domestic and international advanced level, and the proction meets the requirements. Third, the enterprise management level is high, the creditor's rights and debts are clear, and the financial behavior is standard. Fourth, the leading group of the enterprise is strong, and the chairman and general manager are good at management. Fifthly, the scheme of transforming the management mechanism conforms to the modern enterprise system< There are two ways of debt to equity swap: direct and indirect. The direct way is that the bank directly transforms the bad creditor's rights into the equity of the state-owned enterprises. However, restricted by the strong liquidity of bank assets and the policy of financial enterprise management (banking business must be separated from investment and securities business, and asset market from money market), the direct way is not feasible in China. Our country adopts the indirect way which is more popular in the world, that is, taking the financial asset management company as the main body of investment, changing the original non-performing credit asset management of the commercial banks into the equity of the financial asset management company to the enterprises, realizing the staged shareholding of the financial asset management company to the state-owned enterprises, and finally recovering the funds through the effective exit mechanism. The establishment of a financial asset management company is an important financial innovation in the reform of China's financial system. Its successful establishment and smooth operation will play a positive role in resolving non-performing claims and debts. Through a series of asset operation and technical treatment, including asset securitization, asset replacement, debt to equity swap, etc., the potential value of non-performing assets can be realized, or even the appreciation of non-performing assets can be realized, The real short-term credit behavior of the bank is transformed into the potential long-term investment behavior of the financial asset management company, and the real short-term credit risk of the bank is transformed into the potential long-term investment risk of the financial asset management company. This transformation reces the risk of the bank to a certain extent, but increases the risk of the financial asset management company. In fact, the risk is transferred but not resolved, If the state-owned enterprises still can't get out of the predicament after the debt to equity swap, the debt is nothing more than the left pocket to the right pocket< The implementation of debt to equity policy requires relevant accounting principles and methods. The correct confirmation of the accounting treatment principles and methods of debt to equity swap is of great significance to the implementation of debt to equity swap, the confirmation of equity and the distribution of profits
1. Accounting principles of debt to equity swap< (1) the principle of legality. The implementation of debt to equity swap is not only an economic behavior to tide over the financial crisis, but also to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of creditors and owners as well as the normal economic order of the country. In addition to self-development, state-owned enterprises should also take into account the interests of financial asset management companies and the state< (2) the principle of objectivity. In the process of applying for debt to equity swap and debt to equity swap, the financial statements and accounting data provided by enterprises must be true in content, accurate in number and accurate in data. False and distorted accounting information shall not be provided< (3) the principle of timeliness. First, state-owned enterprises should provide necessary accounting information to financial asset management companies in time; Second, the state-owned enterprises have reached an agreement with themselves according to the financial assets management company to develop enterprises from a new starting point< 2. Accounting treatment of debt to equity swap. The basic operation mode of debt to equity swap is that the bank transfers its creditor's rights to the asset management company, and the asset management company converts the creditor's rights into equity through capital market operation, and then realizes the assets of the enterprise through listing, transfer and enterprise repurchase, so as to solve the final exit problem. Therefore, in the accounting treatment of debt to equity swap, we should focus on the determination of transfer price and the choice of accounting methods in three stages< (1) the determination of the transfer price of debt to equity swap. In June 1988, the Ministry of Finance promulgated the accounting standards for business enterprises - debt restructuring, which stipulates that when the creditor's rights are converted into equity, the creditor shall recognize the fair value of the equity of the debt enterprise as long-term investment. Fair value refers to the amount of assets exchange or debt settlement voluntarily carried out by both parties who are familiar with the situation in fair trade. Debt enterprises are generally divided into listed companies and non listed companies, and the determination of their fair value is different
if the debtor enterprise is a listed company, the criteria clearly stipulate that if the debtor is a publicly listed company, the fair value of the equity enjoyed by the creditor e to abandoning the shares and debts is the assessed value or the fair value agreed by both parties 2) The accounting treatment method of debt to equity three stages. The operation process of debt to equity swap can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the restructuring date; The second stage is after debt to equity swap; The third stage is that the financial asset management company withdraws from the enterprise after holding shares in stages
one is the accounting treatment on the realization date of debt to equity swap. When the debtor is a joint-stock enterprise, the debt enterprise should recognize the share of equity enjoyed by the creditor e to abandoning the creditor's rights as equity; When the debtor is a non joint stock enterprise, the debtor enterprise should recognize the share of equity that the creditor enjoys as the paid in capital. The difference between the fair value of equity shares and paid in capital (share capital) is recognized as capital reserve. The difference between the book value of the restructured debt and the fair value of the equity shares is regarded as the debt restructuring income and included in the current profits and losses< Example 1: asset management company a acquired a three-year loan from bank B to listed company C of RMB 1000000, with an annual interest rate of 10%, and a total principal and interest of RMB 1300000. Company a and company C agree to convert the creditor's rights into a's investment in C. after the debt is converted into shares, company a holds 100000 shares of C shares, with a market price of 10 yuan per share and a face value of 1 yuan. Try to make C company's accounting treatment on the date of debt to equity conversion<
calculation of debt restructuring income
book value of debt 1300000
minus: stock market value 1000000
debt restructuring income 300000
calculation of capital reserve
stock market value 1000000
minus: equity 100000
capital reserve 900000
relevant accounting entries
debit: long-term loan 1300000
Credit: equity 100,
capital reserve 900000
non operating income - debt restructuring income 300000
the second is the accounting treatment in the enterprise operation stage after the realization of debt to equity swap. For the state-owned enterprises, after the debt to equity swap, the enterprises maintain normal and continuous operation, and their accounting business is treated as general business. In this process, the financial asset management company should participate in the decision-making of the state-owned enterprise operation, but not interfere in its daily operation, so its accounting treatment is similar to the general business cycle. When distributing dividends or dividends at the end of the year, the financial asset management company shall be treated as a general investor
the third is the accounting treatment when the financial company withdraws from the state-owned enterprise after the stage shareholding. Because the financial asset management company only solves the bad debt relationship between banks and enterprises, the nature of the intermediary determines that the holding of its enterprise is only a stage holding, and it must withdraw from the enterprise after realizing the holding goal and recovering the funds. There are two ways to deal with it. One is that the enterprise can get rid of difficulties and make profits, the financial asset management company can recover its investment, and if the bad debt is successfully transformed, it can transfer its equity and exit the enterprise; The other is the failure of enterprise operation, which eventually leads to enterprise liquidation and bankruptcy. In the former case, there are two ways: one is that the financial asset management company sells its equity to other companies. At this time, the accounting treatment of the debt enterprise should be: if it is a listed company, it does not need to be treated; If it is a non listed company, it should rece the share of "paid in capital asset management company" and increase the share of "paid in capital asset management company" at the same time; Second, the financial asset management company does not sell the equity to other enterprises, but directly to the debt enterprise. In this case, the accounting information of the debt enterprise should reflect the decrease of the monetary fund and the owner's equity at the same time. For the latter case, it can only be applied to bankruptcy liquidation accounting. In fact, it is to postpone the bankruptcy time of an enterprise, and the potential risk of debt to equity swap is still transformed into actual investment loss.
debt to equity swap refers to that the state establishes a professional financial asset management company through financial allocation and takes the financial asset management company as the main investment body, Through the off take of non-performing assets of the state-owned commercial banks by the financial asset management company, the loans of the former state-owned commercial banks to the state-owned enterprises will be converted into the equity of the financial asset management company and the State Development Bank to the enterprises. In this way, the original relationship of creditor's rights and debts between the banks and the state-owned enterprises will be changed from the original repayment of principal and interest to the dividend according to the shares, In fact, financial asset management companies become class shareholders of enterprises. Debt to equity swap involves the interests of state-owned commercial banks, state-owned enterprises and financial asset management companies. It is an important measure to resolve the risk of non-performing assets, improve the quality of bank assets and improve the debt structure of state-owned enterprises< The operation of debt to equity swap must follow the principle of market economy, carefully select the applicable object of debt to equity swap, and prevent state-owned enterprises from rushing into action to avoid bank debt and the loss of state-owned assets< The target of debt to equity swap should be those large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises which are related to the lifeline of the national economy, play an important role in the national economy and have the prospect of joint-stock reform, and whose loans account for more than 50% of the capital output, and whose overe loans exceed 30% of the total loans. These state-owned enterprises must also have the following five conditions: first, the procts are marketable, The quality meets the requirements and has market competitiveness. Second, the technology and equipment are domestic and international advanced level, and the proction meets the requirements. Third, the enterprise management level is high, the creditor's rights and debts are clear, and the financial behavior is standard. Fourth, the leading group of the enterprise is strong, and the chairman and general manager are good at management. Fifthly, the scheme of transforming the management mechanism conforms to the modern enterprise system< There are two ways of debt to equity swap: direct and indirect. The direct way is that the bank directly transforms the bad creditor's rights into the equity of the state-owned enterprises. However, restricted by the strong liquidity of bank assets and the policy of financial enterprise management (banking business must be separated from investment and securities business, and asset market from money market), the direct way is not feasible in China. Our country adopts the indirect way which is more popular in the world, that is, taking the financial asset management company as the main body of investment, changing the original non-performing credit asset management of the commercial banks into the equity of the financial asset management company to the enterprises, realizing the staged shareholding of the financial asset management company to the state-owned enterprises, and finally recovering the funds through the effective exit mechanism. The establishment of a financial asset management company is an important financial innovation in the reform of China's financial system. Its successful establishment and smooth operation will play a positive role in resolving non-performing claims and debts. Through a series of asset operation and technical treatment, including asset securitization, asset replacement, debt to equity swap, etc., the potential value of non-performing assets can be realized, or even the appreciation of non-performing assets can be realized, The real short-term credit behavior of the bank is transformed into the potential long-term investment behavior of the financial asset management company, and the real short-term credit risk of the bank is transformed into the potential long-term investment risk of the financial asset management company. This transformation reces the risk of the bank to a certain extent, but increases the risk of the financial asset management company. In fact, the risk is transferred but not resolved, If the state-owned enterprises still can't get out of the predicament after the debt to equity swap, the debt is nothing more than the left pocket to the right pocket< The implementation of debt to equity policy requires relevant accounting principles and methods. The correct confirmation of the accounting treatment principles and methods of debt to equity swap is of great significance to the implementation of debt to equity swap, the confirmation of equity and the distribution of profits
1. Accounting principles of debt to equity swap< (1) the principle of legality. The implementation of debt to equity swap is not only an economic behavior to tide over the financial crisis, but also to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of creditors and owners as well as the normal economic order of the country. In addition to self-development, state-owned enterprises should also take into account the interests of financial asset management companies and the state< (2) the principle of objectivity. In the process of applying for debt to equity swap and debt to equity swap, the financial statements and accounting data provided by enterprises must be true in content, accurate in number and accurate in data. False and distorted accounting information shall not be provided< (3) the principle of timeliness. First, state-owned enterprises should provide necessary accounting information to financial asset management companies in time; Second, the state-owned enterprises have reached an agreement with themselves according to the financial assets management company to develop enterprises from a new starting point< 2. Accounting treatment of debt to equity swap. The basic operation mode of debt to equity swap is that the bank transfers its creditor's rights to the asset management company, and the asset management company converts the creditor's rights into equity through capital market operation, and then realizes the assets of the enterprise through listing, transfer and enterprise repurchase, so as to solve the final exit problem. Therefore, in the accounting treatment of debt to equity swap, we should focus on the determination of transfer price and the choice of accounting methods in three stages< (1) the determination of the transfer price of debt to equity swap. In June 1988, the Ministry of Finance promulgated the accounting standards for business enterprises - debt restructuring, which stipulates that when the creditor's rights are converted into equity, the creditor shall recognize the fair value of the equity of the debt enterprise as long-term investment. Fair value refers to the amount of assets exchange or debt settlement voluntarily carried out by both parties who are familiar with the situation in fair trade. Debt enterprises are generally divided into listed companies and non listed companies, and the determination of their fair value is different
if the debtor enterprise is a listed company, the criteria clearly stipulate that if the debtor is a publicly listed company, the fair value of the equity enjoyed by the creditor e to abandoning the shares and debts is the assessed value or the fair value agreed by both parties 2) The accounting treatment method of debt to equity three stages. The operation process of debt to equity swap can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the restructuring date; The second stage is after debt to equity swap; The third stage is that the financial asset management company withdraws from the enterprise after holding shares in stages
one is the accounting treatment on the realization date of debt to equity swap. When the debtor is a joint-stock enterprise, the debt enterprise should recognize the share of equity enjoyed by the creditor e to abandoning the creditor's rights as equity; When the debtor is a non joint stock enterprise, the debtor enterprise should recognize the share of equity that the creditor enjoys as the paid in capital. The difference between the fair value of equity shares and paid in capital (share capital) is recognized as capital reserve. The difference between the book value of the restructured debt and the fair value of the equity shares is regarded as the debt restructuring income and included in the current profits and losses< Example 1: asset management company a acquired a three-year loan from bank B to listed company C of RMB 1000000, with an annual interest rate of 10%, and a total principal and interest of RMB 1300000. Company a and company C agree to convert the creditor's rights into a's investment in C. after the debt is converted into shares, company a holds 100000 shares of C shares, with a market price of 10 yuan per share and a face value of 1 yuan. Try to make C company's accounting treatment on the date of debt to equity conversion<
calculation of debt restructuring income
book value of debt 1300000
minus: stock market value 1000000
debt restructuring income 300000
calculation of capital reserve
stock market value 1000000
minus: equity 100000
capital reserve 900000
relevant accounting entries
debit: long-term loan 1300000
Credit: equity 100,
capital reserve 900000
non operating income - debt restructuring income 300000
the second is the accounting treatment in the enterprise operation stage after the realization of debt to equity swap. For the state-owned enterprises, after the debt to equity swap, the enterprises maintain normal and continuous operation, and their accounting business is treated as general business. In this process, the financial asset management company should participate in the decision-making of the state-owned enterprise operation, but not interfere in its daily operation, so its accounting treatment is similar to the general business cycle. When distributing dividends or dividends at the end of the year, the financial asset management company shall be treated as a general investor
the third is the accounting treatment when the financial company withdraws from the state-owned enterprise after the stage shareholding. Because the financial asset management company only solves the bad debt relationship between banks and enterprises, the nature of the intermediary determines that the holding of its enterprise is only a stage holding, and it must withdraw from the enterprise after realizing the holding goal and recovering the funds. There are two ways to deal with it. One is that the enterprise can get rid of difficulties and make profits, the financial asset management company can recover its investment, and if the bad debt is successfully transformed, it can transfer its equity and exit the enterprise; The other is the failure of enterprise operation, which eventually leads to enterprise liquidation and bankruptcy. In the former case, there are two ways: one is that the financial asset management company sells its equity to other companies. At this time, the accounting treatment of the debt enterprise should be: if it is a listed company, it does not need to be treated; If it is a non listed company, it should rece the share of "paid in capital asset management company" and increase the share of "paid in capital asset management company" at the same time; Second, the financial asset management company does not sell the equity to other enterprises, but directly to the debt enterprise. In this case, the accounting information of the debt enterprise should reflect the decrease of the monetary fund and the owner's equity at the same time. For the latter case, it can only be applied to bankruptcy liquidation accounting. In fact, it is to postpone the bankruptcy time of an enterprise, and the potential risk of debt to equity swap is still transformed into actual investment loss.
Hot content