Digital currency Institute of Stanford Institute of financial te
In early 2014, the Central Bank of China set up a special research group on legal digital currency to demonstrate the feasibility of issuing legal digital currency by the central bank. On January 29, 2017, the central bank officially established the digital currency Research Institute. After the successful development of the prototype of legal digital currency, the digital currency Research Institute of the people's Bank of China has tried to deploy institutions in many parts of the country, and through the integration with R & D institutions and instries, it has achieved the research results of financial development technology. In 2018, the digital currency Research Institute of the people's Bank of China successively settled in Nanjing and Shenzhen. In 2019, the people's Bank of China announced that digital currency will be piloted in Shenzhen, Suzhou, Cheng and xiong'an
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the research on Shenzhen's support for digital currency began in 2016
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on October 6, 2017, the Management Committee of xiong'an new area held a special meeting to study the big data management system and mechanism and the basic idea of "digital xiong'an" construction, and fully promote the construction of "digital xiong'an". Soon after the meeting, all kinds of enterprises were inspired to build xiong'an new area into a "test ground" for innovation
on October 14, 2017, Peng Yijie, vice president of ant financial services and partner of Alibaba group, and his party went to xiong'an new area to report the blockchain construction plan. Peng Yijie's evaluation of xiong'an new area is: the best soil for building blockchain. On November 8 of the same year, xiong'an New District held a docking meeting with Alibaba group. Alibaba and ant financial services will undertake the construction of digital xiong'an blockchain infrastructure platform, and are expected to take the lead in testing the water in the rental scene
on November 23, 2017, Tencent and xiong'an new area signed a strategic cooperation agreement on financial technology, and both sides established Tencent (xiong'an) financial technology laboratory to test big data risk control system, Tencent cloud based blockchain services and other financial black technologies in the new area
on April 21, 2018, xiong'an New District of Hebei Province issued the outline of the planning for xiong'an New District of Hebei Province, which proposed to develop high-end high-tech instries, and lay out the R & D and test of blockchain, terahertz, cognitive computing and other technologies in advance. Blockchain has been written into the outline of xiong'an New District Planning in Hebei Province. A technology with advanced influence and far-reaching significance begins to grow together with a rising Digital City shouldering historical mission
on June 8, 2018, China Academy of information and communication signed a strategic cooperation agreement with xiong'an new area. The two sides will build a scientific research base in the field of information and communication in xiong'an new area, and provide comprehensive support services such as development strategic planning, standards and policy formulation for the construction of the new area, focusing on 5g, instrial Internet, artificial intelligence, blockchain, network security, military civilian integration, information technology and so on In the field of Internet of vehicles and other fields, Beijing Tianjin Hebei high tech innovation comprehensive service platform and innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration base will be built to promote instrial innovation and development
on June 28, 2018, xiong'an New Area officially signed a strategic cooperation with 360 group. 360 group will give full play to its advantages in network security, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other technical fields to provide comprehensive network security services for the construction of a safe and reliable "digital xiong'an"
on July 23, 2018, xiong'an group of China signed a memoranm of understanding with consensys, a blockchain technology company. Joseph Rubin, the founder of consensys, etc., made suggestions to xiong'an group of China on how to use blockchain technology, hoping to apply his knowledge and experience in blockchain ecosystem to xiong'an's projects and support xiong'an's innovative development mode
on December 21, 2018, Hebei xiong'an branch of Bank of communications was opened. The branch will rely on the head office's professional R & D team and strong R & D strength, rely on financial business processing, artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data, cloud computing and other financial technology platforms, constantly innovate the financial business model, and make greater contributions to the construction of green xiongan, smart xiongan and digital xiongan
on May 8, 2019, ICBC Technology Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ICBC, opened its business in xiong'an new area and became the headquarters of banking financial technology company in xiong'an new area. ICBC technology and Management Committee of xiong'an new area signed the memoranm of financial technology cooperation, and Management Committee of xiong'an New Area officially started the operation of xiong'an resettlement fund management blockchain platform, which will apply the block chain technology of ICBC to realize the whole process chain management of original files of resettlement and fund penetrating allocation
on December 25, 2019, Everbright Bank and digital city company of China xiong'an group will jointly build a "digital financial technology laboratory" in xiong'an new area. Guided by the strategic needs and information construction of xiong'an new area, it will graally build a highland of blockchain commercial application research, technological innovation and talent cultivation
on March 31, 2020, xiong'an blockchain laboratory was officially unveiled. Xiong'an blockchain laboratory has three major goals: to become a new highland of blockchain research and application, an open frontier innovation base, and to explore a new model of laboratory economy. At the third anniversary of the establishment of xiong'an new area, xiong'an blockchain laboratory has special significance, which marks that the innovative practice of xiong'an New Area's blockchain has entered the stage of organization and large-scale landing, and marks a new chapter in the synchronous planning and construction of digital city and physical city in xiong'an new area
xiong'an new district is a digital city forest that has been cultivated from the seed, which is naturally suitable for the central bank's digital currency pilot. Shanghai xiongan, Shenzhen, Cheng on the left and Suzhou on the right are looking forward to the central bank's digital currency pilot projects in these four places, which will spread to the world
with the development of Internet technology and the profound changes of global payment methods, digital currency with higher operation efficiency and stronger economic adaptability is becoming a new trend of currency development in the future
in this trend, central banks and financial institutions around the world are concting research on currency digitization and related technologies. At the "fintech summit in Shenzhen, China" hosted by Shenzhen Municipal Government on December 20, more than 40 units, including Ping An Group, Weizhong bank and Dacheng Fund, announced that they would jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency alliance, and cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate digital currency instry standards and relevant institutional mechanisms
currency digitization is the general trend
in a global science and technology innovation survey released by KPMG, digital currency, 3D printing, Internet of things and biotechnology are listed as the most promising technologies in the next three years. At present, many countries in the world are promoting the research of currency digitization
at the beginning of this year, the Bank of England announced a new research report that the combination of digital currency and mobile technology may completely change the shopping habits of British people, and the Bank of England is considering using this technology to release official digital currency. Sweden's central bank is considering issuing its own digital currency, ekrona, in response to a sharp decline in the country's cash use
in 2014, the Central Bank of China set up a special research group to demonstrate the feasibility of issuing legal digital currency. At the beginning of this year, the central bank held a seminar on digital currency to further clarify the strategic objectives of the central bank in issuing digital currency. In November, the 2017 annual personnel recruitment plan of the printing Science Research Institute, a unit directly under the central bank's official website, showed that six professionals with master's or doctor's degrees would be recruited for digital currency research and development< In an interview with the media a few days ago, Yao / > deputy director of the science and Technology Department of the central bank and head of the preparatory group of the digital currency Research Institute, said that the prototype scheme for the central bank to issue legal digital currency has completed two rounds of revision, and is expected to be tested in relatively closed application scenarios such as the bill market in the future, but there is no clear timetable for the launch of legal digital currency in China<
Third Party Payment institutions may disappear
at the first "China Shenzhen fintech (Financial Technology) summit" held on December 20, the reporter of daily economic news learned that, under the guidance of Shenzhen municipal government, Ping An Group, China Merchants Bank, Weizhong bank More than 40 units, including Dacheng Fund, will jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency union and fintech Research Institute
according to Yao Yudong, chief economist of Dacheng Fund, the alliance will cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate the digital currency instry standards and mechanisms. The Research Institute will comprehensively carry out the research on fintech infrastructure and innovative business, and explore and promote the application of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence blockchain and other technologies
as one of the sponsors of the alliance, Li Lin, founder and chairman of fire coin, pointed out that when it comes to digital currency, it should be made clear that there is an essential difference between the digitization of legal currency and digital currency. The essence of encrypted digital currency represented by bitcoin is a standardized digital asset. However, because the digitization of legal currency may choose to use the underlying technology of encrypted digital currency blockchain as one of the core implementation technologies, there is a close relationship between the two
Li Lin said that blockchain has outstanding technical advantages in security attributes such as non repeatable transaction, non forgery and non tampering. Digital currency represented by bitcoin has the characteristics of disintermediation, openness, transparency and traceability, which will have a profound impact on the future circulation of sovereign digital currency
"in the global cryptocurrency operation and circulation system, there is a unified and open protocol, and different institutions follow the standard protocol, which provides the basis for the cross platform circulation of currency accounts. There is no need for third-party payment companies to provide services to connect with different banks. " Li Lin gave an example. In his view, in the future, if the sovereign digital currency uses the unified and open blockchain agreement or other agreements, and only provides technical services of cross bank agreement, the third-party payment company will disappear
at the same time, Li Lin pointed out that the structural system of encrypted digital currency under the decentralized structure has brought great problems to government supervision, so there will be some changes in the sovereign digital currency system. For example, anonymity is controllable anonymity, unlike complete anonymity in the bitcoin network.
it will be more convenient to pay with digital currency, and it will be more secure for the central bank recently, the Shenzhen municipal government and the Central Bank jointly launched a pilot activity of digital currency. This activity is funded and sponsored by the Luohu District government. This activity will issue digital RMB with a face value of 200 yuan to 50000 Shenzhen citizens, with a total amount of 10 million yuan. These 50000 people will be drawn out in the form of lottery. After winning, they can download the digital currency app and bind it with their mobile phone numbers, It's ready to use. The use scenario is 3389 merchants in Luohu District. Just like mobile payment, you can scan the code directly. Moreover, the design of the digital currency is similar to that of the banknote, with the national emblem and the style of the people's Bank of China on the front
some economists also said that the advantage of digital currency is that its transactions and transfers all have zero cost. For example, some mobile payments, withdrawals and transfers may need some handling charges, but if it is a digital currency, there is no concept of handling charges. With the digitalization of currency, all transactions have zero cost, It is a good thing for enterprises and users
On September 21, the State Council issued a notice on printing and distributing the overall plan of Beijing Pilot free trade zone and the regional expansion plan of Zhejiang pilot free trade zone. In terms of promoting financial technology innovation, around the payment and settlement, registration and custody, credit rating, asset trading, data management and other links, supports the implementation of major financial technology projects and the improvement of financial infrastructure service level by means of science and technology give full play to the role of the pilot mechanism of financial technology innovation supervision, and steadily carry out financial technology innovation on the premise of serving the real economy, controlling risks, and fully protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers
support the digital currency Research Institute of the people's Bank of China to set up a financial technology center , build a legal digital currency pilot zone and a digital financial system, and rely on the trade finance blockchain platform of the people's Bank of China to form a trade finance blockchain standard system and strengthen regulatory innovation. The pilot area of financial technology application scenarios is constructed, and the application scenario release mechanism is established
extended data
optimize the whole process service system for talents
explore and formulate hierarchical and classified talent attraction policies in the overall plan of Beijing free trade zone. The quota management system of foreign talents was carried out in the pilot project, and the introction mode of recommended talents was explored. Optimize the approval process of foreigners' work permit and residence permit in China. Adopt the "Online + offline" mode to establish the whole chain one-stop service window and service site
explore the establishment of the past qualification recognition mechanism, allowing qualified professionals with overseas professional qualifications in finance, architectural design, planning and other fields to apply for work residence certificates in accordance with the regulations after filing, and provide services in the area. Their overseas experience can be regarded as domestic experience. For medical expenses incurred by overseas talents, the pilot project of real-time settlement between hospitals in the region and international insurance was carried out. Explore the optimization of labor security services in the form of non-standard employment
Analysis of the market situation and development prospects of China's financial technology instry in 2019 analysis of the ten development trends in the future. The article said that with the deep integration of Finance and technology, financial technology is leaping to a new level. On the one hand, banks and other traditional financial institutions continue to add financial technology weight. Postal savings bank, Agricultural Bank of China and other financial institutions recently held a special campus recruitment session for financial technology, and will increase R & D investment in the field of financial technology in 2019. On the other hand, Internet based financial technology companies are rising rapidly. According to the performance reports recently released by Tencent, 360 finance, Lexin and other giants, the revenue of financial technology increased rapidly in 2018, of which the net revenue of 360 finance increased 464% year on year in 2018. At the same time, the "cross-border cooperation" between traditional financial institutions and technology companies is increasingly close, and the development ecology of financial technology is taking shape
instry experts said that the development of financial technology will improve the efficiency of financial operation, bring a new environment for private enterprise financing and financial risk prevention, but also bring new challenges to financial supervision. According to the recent intensive release of signals from regulators, financial technology will receive greater policy support, and financial technology supervision will also be tightened simultaneously
in the future, China's financial technology revenue will be close to 2 trillion yuan
according to the statistical data of analysis report on in-depth research and investment strategic planning of China's science and technology financial services published by prospective instry research institute , China's financial technology revenue in 2013 only reached 69.51 billion yuan. Since 2016, China's Internet finance is graally transforming from user traffic driven to financial technology driven. Although China's financial technology is still in the early stage of development, China's immature financial market provides the soil for the rapid development of financial technology. As of 2017, the total revenue of China's financial technology enterprises has reached about 654.1 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of 55.2%. According to the prediction of the Institute of prospective instry: in 2018, the total revenue of China's financial technology enterprises reached 969.88 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of 48.3%. It is expected that at present, financial technology serves financial institutions and is more inclined to the back end of the actual financial business, which is not the most profitable link in the financial instry chain. Therefore, it is difficult for the scale of financial technology revenue to usher in explosive growth in a short period of time, or it will continue to maintain such a stable growth rate. It is predicted that China's financial technology revenue will reach 1970.49 billion yuan in 2020
Statistics and growth forecast of China's financial technology revenue from 2013 to 2020, With the strong support of the policy, financial institutions and technology enterprises continue to increase their investment in financial technology, continuously reflect and release the value of data, enrich the application scenarios of financial business, and innovate financial solutions. Development Bank, unmanned bank, asset securitization, digital bill, non-performing asset disposal and other businesses are graally becoming reality from concept with the help of science and technology. As the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5g), quantum computing and other cutting-edge technologies change from concept stage to practical application, finance, as the first field to embrace technology, will also proce new sparks. In the future, the development trend of financial technology is reflected in ten aspects:1, open bank
open bank is the open service of banks through open application programming interface (API). That is to say, banks open their financial services to external customers (enterprises or indivials) through open platform (OpenAPI) and other technical means. Customers can use the bank's services by calling the API instead of facing the bank directly. Through the opening of API, banks carry out cross-border integration, realize data sharing and scene integration between banks and banks, banks and non bank financial institutions, banks and cross-border enterprises, and greatly expand the ecosystem of banking services
opening up banks has become a new wave of bank transformation at home and abroad in recent years“ The concept of "open bank" originated in the UK. In January 2018, nine UK banks shared data and implemented the concept of "open bank" for the first time. In July 2018, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank took the lead in releasing "apibank" open bank in Beijing, marking the first landing of "open bank" in China. Subsequently, ICBC, China Construction Bank, China Merchants Bank, Instrial Bank of China and Everbright Bank launched exploration one after another to realize the link between financial and life scenes through opening API
the era of open bank 4.0 represented by API
bank is coming. In the future, the business model of banks will be changed from B2C to B2B2C, and the service standard will be upgraded from standard NPs to integrated NPs. With financial services embedded in all aspects of life and proction, the cross-border ecosystem of "scene first, finance second" will become the mainstream. Although the application of open banking is still in the early stage, in the future, the bank's account function, payment function, financial procts, loan procts, etc. will inevitably form a standardized API centralized output, which will become the interface to open up the cross-border ecology
2. Unmanned bank
unmanned bank refers to recing the manpower use of traditional banks through scientific and technological means. Through the use of biological recognition, speech recognition, data mining, artificial intelligence, VR, AR, holographic projection and other scientific and technological means, it can replace the traditional bank teller, lobby manager, guide and other posts, and provide customers with full self-service intelligent banking services
the rection of bank manpower is the general trend at present. At present, most banks have realized the partial replacement of human resources, and a few banks have realized the complete replacement of office and store in the pilot. As of May 28, 2018, a total of 4591 physical outlets of China's banks have exited. Since the second half of 2017, the average growth rate of the number of physical outlets of banks has been 55% on a year-on-year basis. By the end of June 2018, the number of employees of the four major banks had decreased by more than 32000 compared with the end of 2017
in the short term, unmanned banks will still be in the pilot stage. At present, China Construction Bank has started the pilot of unmanned bank, covering more than 90% of cash and non cash businesses by replacing tellers, security guards and lobby managers with more efficient intelligent teller machines, and replacing manual verification with face brushing and ID card brushing. Although the unmanned bank has opened up a new path for the transformation of bank outlets, it is difficult for the current banking business to be 100% unmanned, such as the need to arrange security on ty; When customers open cards and remit money on the smart terminal, they will also arrange on-site service for the sake of security risks. Therefore, in the future, the unmanned bank will still exist as an exploratory pilot
3, quantum computing and finance
quantum computing is a new computing model that follows the laws of quantum mechanics. Ordinary computer uses 0 and 1 states in bit to store data, while quantum bit, the storage unit of quantum computer, besides 0 and 1,
can realize coherent superposition of multiple states at the same time. Therefore,
quantum computer based on quantum computing can record and calculate information by controlling the state of atoms or small molecules, and its storage and operation speed can far surpass that of traditional general-purpose computer. For example, it takes 600000 years to decompose a 400 bit number with a supercomputer, while it only takes a few hours or even dozens of minutes with a quantum computer
quantum computing can greatly improve the efficiency of financial services. Because of its powerful computing power, quantum computing can be applied in many aspects of the financial instry. For example, financial high-frequency trading, using the algorithm to automatically execute stock trading according to the preset trading strategy, under the premise of achieving the same results, quantum computing is much faster than the traditional computer. Another example is fraud detection, which can greatly accelerate the learning speed of neural network by using the fast learning characteristics of quantum computer, and quickly crack down on emerging fraud methods
quantum computing may also bring huge risks to the financial instry. Quantum computing's leap in computing speed may also pose a threat to the existing financial system. For example, many public key cryptosystems currently in use are likely to be cracked under the great computational performance of quantum computing, which will seriously affect the confidentiality and integrity of the Internet and digital communications around the world, and cause extensive and systematic damage to the existing security systems and management mechanisms. Therefore, before the quantum computer disintegrates the current cryptosystem and realizes the commercialization, we must establish the quantum security solution to form the security transition
4, 5g and finance
5g is the fifth generation mobile communication technology, which is the extension after 4G. 5g concept is composed of the landmark capability index "Gbps user experience rate" and a set of key technologies. 5g technology innovation mainly comes from wireless technology and network technology. In the field of wireless technology, large-scale antenna array, ultra dense networking, new multiple access and full spectrum access technologies have become the focus of the instry; In the field of network technology, a new network architecture based on Software Defined Network (SDN) and network functional Virtualization (nfv) has been widely recognized
5g will further optimize the financial services, realize the reconstruction of the financial scene, and inject new vitality into the financial instry. The hot high-capacity scenario of 5g technology will provide users with extremely high data transmission rate to meet the demand of extremely high network traffic density. This technology scenario will effectively improve the rate of mobile financial services and rece payment jams caused by network delay. At the same time, the improvement of the rate will also help to further enrich the payment mode through AR / VR technology, Provide more real scene experience; The continuous wide area coverage scenario of 5g technology can also contribute to the deployment of unmanned bank outlets. Through AR / VR technology, financial services can be brought to remote areas that cannot be covered by previous outlets, and inclusive financial services can be realized. In addition, 5g's low-power, large connection, low latency and high reliability scenarios for IOT business will also achieve the interconnection of everything, obtain massive, multi-dimensional and related data of people, things and enterprises, further optimize the supply chain finance, credit evaluation, asset management and other related financial services, and realize the exploration of more rich scenarios
The development of5g and related instries has brought about broad investment space, which has aroused great financial attention. On the one hand, 5g will provide faster speed and higher bandwidth, promote the further vigorous development of mobile Internet and the innovation of new mode of human-computer interaction, on the other hand, it will also realize machine communication, and hundreds of billions of devices will be connected to 5g network. 5g will also be combined with cloud computing, artificial intelligence, AR / VR, driverless and other technologies to bring more rich application scenarios in the fields of Internet of vehicles, Internet of things, instrial Internet, mobile health care, finance, etc. in addition, 5g network will also be a network with open capabilities. By combining with the instry, operators will build an open business ecosystem with it as the core, To expand new business income model, China Mobile has cooperated with strategic partners to build a 10 billion scale 5g investment fund. Many institutions at home and abroad, such as insurance capital, securities companies, sunshine private equity, venture capital, have also established dozens of 5g instry special investment funds as early as 2017. In the future, 5g and related instries will continue to attract high financial attention
Analysis of the development status and Prospect of science and technology financial services in 2018 the prospect of robot instry is optimistic, and the trend of intelligent development in the field of integrated finance
analysis of the development status of science and technology financial instry in 2018
to say the 2018 of science and technology finance, the old saying applies: This is the best era, but also the worst era. With the continuous explosion of P2P, bitcoin has gone up less and down more, making people panic
, but double eleven is still breaking the record. In the market, the jitter is playing a lot of attention to the five rings. Robots are in the stock market... Nothing can stop what they want to change the world. In 2018, enterprises will continue to make unique moves, and new technologies will breed new money. It's not easy to survive. Business goes on
This year, the State Council issued a number of policies to ease the financing problems of small and micro enterprises. The new rules will be implemented in September, and the interest of loans to small and micro enterprises will be exempted from VAT until the end of 2020. Instry insiders expect that assistance to small and micro enterprises will become the focus of financial policy. Internet finance is also changing the payment, risk management and other aspects of traditional finance, introcing big data to rece the cost of credit reference and lending, and using high-tech means to remove the financing obstacles of small and micro enterprisesit is estimated that China's financial technology revenue will exceed 1.4 trillion in 2019.
according to the statistical data of analysis report on in-depth research and investment strategic planning of China's science and technology financial services published by prospective instry research institute, China's financial technology revenue in 2013 was only 69.51 billion yuan. In 2014, China's financial technology revenue exceeded 100 billion yuan. In 2016, China's financial technology revenue increased to 421.38 billion yuan, up 42% year on year. As of 2017, China's financial technology revenue has reached 654.14 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 55.2%. It is estimated that China's financial technology revenue will reach 969.88 billion yuan in 2018. At present, financial technology serves financial institutions and is more inclined to the back end of the actual financial business, which is not the most profitable link in the financial instry chain. Therefore, it is difficult for the scale of financial technology revenue to usher in explosive growth in a short period of time, or it will continue to maintain such a stable growth rate. It is predicted that the scale of China's financial technology revenue will reach 1970.49 billion yuan in 2020
2013-2020 China's financial technology revenue scale statistics and growth forecast
data source: the Research Institute of prospective instry collated
1, the leader of listed green channel preference
the national "two sessions" hot IPO green channel, from March, A-share green channel focused on high-tech giants. The regulatory authorities give guidance to the securities companies. If there are "leaders" in the four instries including biotechnology and cloud computing, they immediately report to the issuance department and "immediately report and review"
A shares have been calling for "the next batj" for a long time, and Xinhua news agency even issued an article saying that "the dream of" batj "in China's capital market should come true!" At the beginning of 2018, the intensive actions of the regulators reflected their strong support for emerging enterprises. On February 9, the Shenzhen Stock Exchange issued a strategy to strengthen its services to these large technology companies and strive to attract a number of high-quality enterprises
as we all know, bat and other well-known technology enterprises are mostly listed overseas. In order to retain high-quality enterprises, it is also necessary for the regulators to open a green channel for high-quality enterprises. Let the shareholders hold the stocks of high-quality listed companies for a long time, and the market returns to value investment. They have high expectations
At the beginning of this year, Japan's coincheck Exchange suspended the trading of all cryptocurrencies except bitcoin, because hackers attacked 260000 users and stole NEM, a new digital token, with a loss value of about US $530 million. This is the biggest theft in the history of digital currency. After that, Japan's 16 cryptocurrency exchanges set up a self-regulation group to self inspect the system for loopholes. The loss is e to the security risk of the exchange's digital cryptocurrency trading system, which has nothing to do with whether the digital currency is encrypted or notin April this year, there was another incredible hacker operation in which a line of code evaporated 6.4 billion yuan. The hacker found a code vulnerability, and the whole market value of the blockchain procts related to it was instantly transferred out, approaching zero
the only credentials for users to hold bitcoin cryptocurrency are digital address and key, so it is difficult to actually track the holder of cryptocurrency and its location. Because of the anonymity and convenience of cryptocurrency, it is difficult to find, track and recover the transaction process, which makes many illegal acts (such as blackmail, fraud, drug trafficking, gun trafficking, etc.) choose cryptocurrency as the transaction currency
generally speaking, thieves find money launderers through anonymous networks, pour "black money" into the latter's address, and provide several clean addresses to money launderers. Money launderers pay close attention all the time. Once they find a clean address transaction, they transfer a small amount of "black money" to it. In this way, the ants move, the "black money" wash white
3. In the first half of the year, blockchain currency was hot and cold, and in the second half of the year, blockchain currency was falling all the way down. Disillusioned dream, salary cut, talent out
at the end of 2016, the total market value of global digital currency was only US $17.7 billion. On January 8, 2018, the total market value reached 813.9 billion US dollars. At the end of November, it fell below $140 billion. Bitcoin dropped from $20000 to $3000. Some coins fell from five to one cent. Some celebrities who once had great ambitions and looked like special currency also withdrew from the currency circle
some people in the instry commented: in the first half of the year, most people wanted to issue a coin quickly. There were a lot of exchanges, we media and mines around the project, but they didn't create much value. Such a bubble burst is inevitable. p>
unlike the coin ring, the chain ring is relatively stable. The Ministry of instry and information technology released the first official White Paper on blockchain instry in China in late May. It is expected that blockchain applications will speed up the implementation, promote a new round of business model reform, rece costs and improve efficiency for the real economy, and build an honest instrial environment. Some observers said that the release of the white paper indicates a promising prospect for blockchain to serve the real economy
according to the white paper of MIIT, blockchain will be widely implemented in the real economy in the next three years; Blockchain will accelerate the process of "credible digitization" and drive finance to "move from virtual to real" to serve the real economy. It is also expected that the blockchain supervision and standard system will be further improved, and the instrial development foundation will continue to be consolidated
according to the white paper on blockchain issued by the Ministry of instry and information technology, as of the end of March 2018, 456 companies in China are mainly engaged in blockchain business. The number of instry application service companies is the largest, with 86 companies mainly providing financial instry application services and 109 companies mainly providing real instry application services. In addition, there are more than 40 related companies in blockchain solutions, underlying platforms, blockchain media and communities
some people in the instry said that the large-scale application of blockchain will first appear in the Internet and financial instry concentration areas, such as Shanghai, Beijing and other cities, and also in the leading enterprises, such as Foxconn in Shenzhen, chain home in Beijing, etc., which is almost impossible to appear in small and micro enterprises, especially start-ups
4, Taobao, and Taobao, which are not active in the October, has been broken by 200 million active users in the domestic market. p>
all the major Internet giants have entered the market. According to incomplete statistics, around the commercial layout of short video, the amount of financing has exceeded 30 billion yuan. Tiktok has seen a wave of advertisements. Last year tiktok and brand collaboration launched video advertising is a commercial exploration. More important is the diversion of e-commerce. Jitter selection and Ali tiktok cooperation are all in the process of facilitating the transaction. P>
double 12 day ago, before the announcement of the trembling sound tiktok opened to the big V, the more active shopping real estate name authentication account was eligible for opening. The shopping cart button in the jitter will click out and jump out of the tiktok and go to Taobao. Tiktok joined Taobao in the tiktok business. This move has attracted much attention. Insiders believe that the jitter has been striding towards the upgrading of consumption. P>
commented that the ability to earn money from shaking would probably exceed the tiktok today. It has also been pointed out that the information flow of the voice can now reach 10 billion yuan a year, tiktok. P>
tiktok, the short video platform also has a layout in the electronic business platform. It is estimated that the entertainment content marketing will exceed 28 billion yuan in 2018, and the short video advertising volume is expected to exceed 40 billion yuan. p>
5. The supervision of online lending is becoming increasingly strict
running away, closing down, difficulty in cash withdrawal... A long list of P2P institutions is shocking. In the first half of the year, the collapse of 10 billion level P2P platform was frequently heard. Just take July as an example:
on July 9, father Qian announced the suspension of operation, and the accumulated trading volume of the platform exceeded 32.5 billion yuan; At the same time, Duoo financial announced that the company had lost control; On the 14th, "toujia" platform exploded; On July 7, the controller of yinpiao.com surrendered, with a total turnover of 14 billion yuan and more than 690000 users. In July, Hangzhou Public Security Bureau also put on file and investigated the cases of youmi finance, niubanjin, Hangzhou cloud finance and other companies suspected of illegally absorbing public deposits...
P2P network lending quickly occupied a seat in the Internet financial market with low threshold, high income, convenient and flexible operation as its selling points. In recent years, the rapid development of P2P online lending instry, after the blowout period, followed by the collapse and loss of contact
The collapse of online lending platform may be affected by the environment; More importantly, some platforms act as credit intermediaries in violation of regulations, leading to increased risksP2P has become a dangerous label, and illegal Internet finance has evolved into a major financial risk. National P2P network loan instry has to self-discipline inspection. Self discipline organizations of local Internet Finance associations in 12 provinces and cities, including Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai, have issued guidelines or regulatory documents on the withdrawal of online lending information intermediaries. CICC reports that only one in ten operating platforms is expected to survive. However, most of the P2P online lending platform business is still not up to standard, and quite a few platforms have not yet completed the bank deposit, that is, there is the possibility of fund pool and misappropriation
since the emergence of P2P in 2012, to the barbaric growth, and then to the instry reshuffle, the instry has gone through a complete cycle of ups and downs. In particular, in the past two years, a series of regulatory norms have been issued, accelerating the reshuffle of the instry. As a key business type, the completion time of stock risk resolution in P2P online lending and online small loan will be extended to June 2019
The people's Bank of China issued a notice in May to strictly control app access to the credit reference system. The central bank required: "strictly authorized inquiry mechanism, unauthorized inquiry of credit report is strictly prohibited, the inquiry process of internal personnel and state organs is standardized, and unauthorized app access to credit system is strictly prohibited."you don't have to run to the bank to wait in line, just download an app on your mobile phone, input your personal information, you can query your personal credit information, and issue a report within 24 hours... Many mobile apps are really convenient, but there are serious information security risks behind them. The whole process for users is completed on the app, but in essence, the app uses the information provided by users in the credit reference center
Bachelor Degree:
humanities and Sciences, Earth Sciences, engineering, medicine, law, business, ecation, applied mathematics, architectural engineering, chemical engineering, physics, geology, electrical engineering, computer engineering, Chinese, classical literature, archaeology, astronomy, film, music, Art / fine arts, Asian / Oriental Studies, anthropology, religion, sociology History, forestry, law, American studies, ecology, etc<
undergraate major
literature
musicology communication French French Drama Classics American Studies linguistics African and African American Studies East Asian Studies semiotic system Italian native American studies German Studies Comparative Literature Asian American Studies Slavic languages and literature French and Italian Russian and Russian Literature Philosophy and literature female Chicano Studies French and philosophy Italian and philosophy German and philosophy
English Creative Writing Iberian culture and art in Latin America Studio Art Art Art History Art History East Asian language Japanese art film and Media Studies East Asian language Chinese English interdisciplinary
English Interdisciplinary English philosophy French and English Literature French and Italian literature Italian to English literature Italian to French literature Russian language, culture and history
Russian literature and philosophy
History
history, archaeology, art art history, Russian language, culture and history
Science
biochemistry, mathematics, physics, psychology, human biology, geophysics, mathematics and computer science, earth system introction, biomechanics, engineering geology and environmental science
Biomedical Computing, atmosphere / energy science, Technology and society
economics
economics
pedagogy
choosing major courses independently
management
public policy research management and engineering
Engineering
Computer Science Chemical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Engineering Engineering Physics environmental engineering bioengineering computing Mechanical system engineering proct design city research
architectural design mathematics and computer science Aerospace Energy Resources Engineering Management and Engineering Materials Science and engineering biomechanics engineering geological engineering and hydrology
philosophy of religious research philosophy and religious research philosophy and literature French and philosophy Italian and philosophy German Philosophy
medicine
Biomedical Computing
law
political science, sociology, anthropology, international relations, African American studies, Jewish Studies, feminist studies, science, technology and social comparison, race and ethnicity studies
graate students:
Graate School of business, School of Earth Sciences, School of ecation College of engineering, College of Humanities and natural sciences, interdisciplinary college, law school and medical school. Important affiliated scientific research institutions and laboratories include: Stanford Linear Accelerator Laboratory, Hoover Institute for war, revolution and peace, Hopkins marine research station, Stanford electronic laboratory, physics laboratory, Center for International Studies and Energy Research Institute
Stanford Peking University is a key cooperation project between Peking University and Stanford University, which is the crystallization of long-term friendly cooperation and profound friendship between the two universities. The project has been brewing for many years. Through the joint efforts of both sides, it finally officially opened in Peking University in September 2004. The campus is Stanford's eighth overseas campus
hope to adopt.