Quanzhou people's CPC digital currency

1.

China has been using currency for 4000 years and is one of the earliest countries in the world

The earliest currency: natural seashells

(2) metal currency: copper imitation shell and Qian Kai (cloth) (the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River began to act as equivalent in the later period of the Yellow Emperor)

3. The currency of Shang and Zhou dynasties

Natural seashells are still important currencies

metal currency is widely used:

A, copper shell and copper block

In Guanluo Sanjin area, Qian and bu are transforming into metal currency

The currency of the spring and Autumn period is mainly flat and sharp

Dao Hua (goods): circulated in the eastern Qi State, imitating a proction tool

ant nose money: copper imitation shell circulating in southern Chu state

Round money: round hole, round square hole

Qin yuan coin: in the unit of two, one or two coins have round holes without outline, and half two coins have round square holes

6. The circulation of gold in the Warring States Period

7. The currency of Qin Dynasty was named as long, which was the upper currency; The bronze coin, known as banliang, is as heavy as its text and is the next coin; The Pearl, jade, tortoise shell, silver and tin belong to the jewelry treasure, not the coin

The currency of the Western Han Dynasty is three baht, four baht, five baht, leather and white gold coins

Iron coins in the Eastern Han Dynasty: in 30 A.D., Gongsun Shu made iron coins in Sichuan, the first time in history

In 40 A.D., Emperor Guangwu proposed to restore the wuzhu coin from Ma Yuan

The currency of Wang Mang's period: Cuo, Qi and Daquan

In the sixth year, Koizumi was issued to replace the five baht coin with the five wrong Dao, Qi and wuzhu coin, and the five big five coin materials, namely gold, silver, copper, tortoise and shellfish, were circulated

In the Han Dynasty, gold was the upper currency and copper was the lower currency, which was still the legal currency unit. The unit was changed from Yi to Jin, 1 jin = 10000 yuan

in the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, there were gold (round) and gold (ellipse) imitating Qilin horseshoe

in the Western Han Dynasty, it was mainly used for rewards and gifts. In Wang Mang's time, gold was nationalized. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, gold was reced, and silk, cloth and copper coins were used for rewards

The currency of the Three Kingdoms and two Jin Dynasties was once traded with grain and silk, and the circulation of five baht money was restored

Shu: qian

Wu: five hundred big springs, one thousand big springs

The Western Jin Dynasty mainly used the five baht and all kinds of ancient coins from the Han and Wei dynasties, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty mainly used the old coins circulated in the Sunwu area after the Yuan emperor crossed the Yangtze River

In the Sixteen States, Zhang Gui, the governor of Liangzhou in Hexi, restored the wuzhu coin, and Hanxing coin was the earliest one in China

The currency of the northern and Southern Dynasties

Nanqi and Xiaoliang: for the first time, a large number of cast iron coins were cast, including copper coins, five baht coins and short hundred coins

Chen: six big loans

Northern Wei Dynasty: Taihe wuhb, Yongan wuhb

In the Eastern Wei Dynasty, there were five baht along Yong'an

Northern Qi Dynasty: wuzhu in Changping

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, buquan, Wuxing Dabu, Yongtong and Wanguo were established

At the end of the northern and Southern Dynasties, silk cloth was traded in the north of Jizhou, and salt rice cloth was traded in the south of Wuling

The currency of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

In the legal currency circulation system of Tang Dynasty, money and silk were used at the same time

The currency of the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties is Huichang Kaiyuan coin

the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were in chaos, and Zhou Shizong's casting of Zhou yuantianbao was the most

However, in the Tang Dynasty, silver was mainly used as ornaments or wealth collection (silver cakes and silver collars), bribery, gifts, military supplies and local contributions. After the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the public and private accumulation of silver graally formed. Lingnan road and Jiangxi Road proce the most silver

16. Currency of the Song Dynasty and the Song Dynasty. The currency issued in the early Northern Song Dynasty was Tongbao of song and Yuan Dynasties, which was the same as Tongbao of Kaiyuan Dynasty. After that, there were Taiping Tongbao and Chunhua Tongbao. Every time the emperors changed the Yuan Dynasty, they would recast new year money. The characters are Tongbao, chongbao, Yuanbao, etc., but the fonts have changed, including Zhen, Cao, Li, Zhuan and Xing

Tongqian District of Northern Song Dynasty: Kaifeng Prefecture, jingdongxi, Hebei, Huainan, Jiangnan, Liangzhe, Fujian, guangdongxi, etc

Northern Song Dynasty tieqian District: Sichuan

Northern Song Dynasty tieqian District: Shaanxi, Hedong

Southern Song Dynasty Tongqian District: Southeast,

Southern Song Dynasty tieqian District: Lianghuai, Jingxi, Hubei

< P > Southern Song Dynasty tieqian District: Jingmen, Hanzhong and other places

jiaozi: fully cashable credit certificate, can only be used in Sichuan

qianyin: not used as currency, only used for exchange, can be used outside Sichuan (song Huizong changed jiaozi to money)

Huizi of Southern Song Dynasty: it was initially issued in the southeast region, and later the government set up Huizi library, which completely imitated the method of Chuanyin

Local currency: Huaijiao, Huhui, Chuanyin, yinhuizi

Currency of Yuan Dynasty. Zhongtong Yuanbao banknote takes silk as its capital and Guan and Wen as its unit

From the Yuan Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, the most important currency of the Yuan Dynasty circulated in parallel with the central bank notes

In Yuan Dynasty, the circulation of silver was strictly prohibited, but there were many uses among the people

Silver coins: silver coins were proced in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period in the form of silver ingots and silver ingots. After the Opium War, in order to deal with the inflow of Western Silver, the Qing government made its own silver. In the 13th year of Guangxu, Guangxu Yuanbao, also known as "Longyang", was minted, which was divided into single dragon and double dragon. In addition, there were silver coins of Emperor Guangxu's bust, modern coins, copper coins, from coin making to copper coins, and silver coins from silver Liang to silver yuan, In the 16th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the casting was officially approved

sometimes, for special reasons, different autonomous entities in the same country may issue different versions of currency

for example, in the UK, including England, Scotland or even Jersey and Guernsey, which are remote islands, there are different versions of British pounds issued by each other, and they can trade with each other in other parts of the UK, but only English pounds are internationally recognized trading currencies, and other versions of British pounds may be rejected outside the UK

e to historical factors, the people's Republic of China has three kinds of legal tender: RMB is used in the mainland, while Hong Kong and Macao adopt one country, two systems. Hong Kong's legal tender is Hong Kong dollar and Macao's is Macao dollar; They are not directly or indirectly linked to the US dollar

extended data:

currency classification standard

method 1

according to the issuer, it can be divided into public money (legal currency), private money and regional money (community currency). Generally speaking, public money is issued by the government. When it exists, it is generally dominant. Private money and regional currency are issued by non-governmental organizations

According to the classification of materials, people used different goods as money in different historical periods. It can be divided into shell, bead, stick, metal currency (see commodity currency), paper currency and digital currency. In terms of nature, it can be divided into real money and virtual money

method 2

the definition of barter: value in itself (monetary value ≠ commodity value) time of use: Ancient shortcomings: time-consuming process, difficult to reach a transaction, unprotected, not easy to carry

the definition of commodity currency: value in itself (monetary value = commodity value) disadvantages: heavy, fragile, unprotected Not easy to carry

definition of legal tender (mandatory currency): the value of legal tender (monetary value & gt; Commodity value)

definition of plastic currency: it is not a kind of currency, only a tool for delayed payment

standard:

1, gold standard

the original paper money is based on gold, which can be freely exchanged with gold, both can circulate at the same time, and the issue of paper money is relatively small. By the end of the 19th century, the capitalist economy had an unprecedented expansion and development, so paper money graally became the main currency in circulation, but they still had gold as the guarantee of issuance. This monetary system is called the "gold standard"

The basic unit of currency is defined by quantitative silver

In the history of money, silver was used as the base currency earlier than gold. But gold is far better than silver as a monetary commodity. With the development of economy in western countries, the silver standard system first transited to the gold and silver compound system, and then replaced by the gold standard system after the 1920s

At the end of the 19th century, with the improvement of the labor proctivity of silver mining and casting instry, the value of silver decreased continuously, and the price ratio between gold and silver fluctuated greatly, which affected the economic development. Only Mexico, Japan and India have retained the silver standard

The standard which stipulates that gold and silver are the basis of monetary unit is called the double standard. In fact, the implementation of double standard is the implementation of gold standard and silver standard at the same time. The advantage of the double standard is that because the monetary unit is based on two precious metals, the value of the double standard is more stable than that of the gold standard or the silver standard

if the gold price rises, the change of the double standard is smaller than that of the gold standard; If the price of silver rises, the change of the double standard is smaller than that of the silver standard. The main problem of the double standard is that it sometimes becomes the gold standard and sometimes the silver standard

This system is also called gold and silver system, which refers to a monetary system in which gold and silver are used as the standard currency at the same time and the currency value is compared. Its symmetry is the single standard, that is, the silver standard or the gold standard. Before the establishment of the gold standard, Britain, the United States, France and other countries adopted the system of plicate for a long time from the 18th century to the 19th century

4, dishonor Standard

does not take precious metals as the basis of monetary unit, and the standard of non exchange of paper currency for precious metals is called dishonor standard, also known as credit standard. According to this standard system, people can exchange one kind of paper money for another, but not for precious metals

contemporary western economists believe that under the condition of gold standard or silver standard, the money supply of a country depends on its precious metal stock, which in turn depends on the exploration and exploitation of precious metals, so the money supply can not meet the needs of economic change and development

But under the condition of non exchange standard, the government can decide the amount of money supply. Therefore, the non cash standard system is more concive to the government's regulation of the economy

2.

Cape CPC investment is MLM

in March 2017, among the 350 MLM lists exposed by CCTV, there was the Kaipu currency CPC

CCTV suggests that all kinds of fund pyramid schemes and online pyramid schemes are rampant in the market, and such pyramid schemes will close down their networks in the short term, so they need to be vigilant

Kaipu coin is a marketing coin, which is mainly promoted by the mode of direct selling or pyramid selling. This kind of coin is very popular in China, but the end is generally collapse, and some criminals will be caught. This kind of coin is not allowed to operate by the state, it can be said that it is a disguised form of pyramid selling

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extended materials:

MLM involves more than 100 kinds of "virtual currency"

from "original stock, charity, consumer rebate, virtual currency" to "blockchain, crowdfunding" and other hot concepts, it is often used as a gimmick by MLM organizations

according to the relevant person in charge of the Economic Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of public security, the "virtual currency" type of pyramid selling is to invest in the appreciation of the "virtual currency" as a gimmick, with the help of the network and e-commerce as a cover. There are typical pyramid schemes such as "five element coin" and "carat coin". According to incomplete statistics, more than 100 kinds of "currencies" have been involved in pyramid schemes with "virtual currency" investigated and dealt with by public security organs

in September 2017, seven ministries and commissions including the people's Bank of China jointly issued an announcement, stressing that no organization or indivial may illegally engage in token issuance and financing activities. All banking institutions and non bank payment institutions shall not carry out business related to token issuance and financing transactions

the people's Bank of China pointed out in the relevant risk warning that it has not issued legal "digital currency", nor authorized any institutions and enterprises to issue legal "digital currency". The so-called "digital currency" in the market are all non legal "digital currency". The so-called "digital currency" launched by some institutions and enterprises or the promotion of the central bank's issuance of "digital currency" are suspected of fraud or pyramid selling

reference source: Nanjiang County Bureau of instry and Commerce and quality and technical supervision official website - 350 fund disk pyramid selling list full exposure

reference source: Yingcheng changan.com - guard against 7 types of pyramid selling traps: involving more than 100 kinds of virtual currencies
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4. One center: transformation and development, aiming at improving quality and efficiency. Three themes: adjusting the structure, optimizing the resources, making the enterprise slimmer and more fit; Practice the green and low-carbon development strategy and strive to create "blue water and blue sky"; Innovation driven and technology led, providing technical support for transformation and development

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