NT digital currency
In 2016, the global ranking of virtual currency is respectively as follows:
< H2 > bitcoin, Leyte, Ecuadorian, reborn, bitstock, doggy, Diablo, futurecoin, diandiancoin and Xingxing < H2 > first place: bitcoinsince its release in 2009, bitcoin has become the most well-known virtual currency. This virtual currency was developed by indivials or organizations under the pseudonym of "Nakamoto Tsung" (whose real identity has always been unknown), and is mainly used by online merchants. However, in recent years, some small physical merchants have begun to accept bitcoin payment. Through complex algorithms and a large number of computing resources, users can obtain bitcoin through "mining". Of course, they can also purchase bitcoin through exchanges or services like bitinstagnt and coinbase. The total amount of bitcoin that can be mined is about 21 million, while the current mining amount has exceeded 11 million. Bitcoin has attracted the attention of Western Union, MoneyGram and paypal. It is reported that these services are evaluating whether users are allowed to use bitcoin on their respective platforms
< H2 > second place: lightcoinlightcoin is inspired by bitcoin (BTC) and has the same implementation principle in technology. The creation and transfer of lightcoin is based on an open source encryption protocol and is not managed by any central organization. Lightcoin aims to improve bitcoin. Compared with bitcoin, lightcoin has three significant differences. First, the lightcoin network can process a block every 2.5 minutes (instead of 10 minutes), so it can provide faster transaction confirmation. Second, the lightcoin network is expected to proce 84 million lightcoins, four times the amount of money issued by bitcoin network. Thirdly, the scrypt encryption algorithm first proposed by Colin Percival is used in lightcoin's workload proof algorithm, which makes it easier to mine lightcoin on ordinary computer than bitcoin. Each Leyte coin is divided into 100000000 smaller units, and the third place is defined by eight decimal places: Ecuadorian currency. In December 2014, Ecuador launched the "electronic currency system"
Ecuadorian currency, or EDC, which is a digital currency issued by the Central Bank of the government of Ecuador. In December 2014, the Ecuadorian market was launched, In 2015, the number of Ecuadorian currency members reached 500000, which will be recognized and sought after by investors after launching the European market and Asian market in 2015, and achieve a complete success. It will strongly launch the Chinese market at the end of September 2016, and will issue a limited number of 50 million pieces in China, which has a strong scarcity! This is an international hot topic with a wide range of admirers in the world. Historical currency is a kind of P2P digital code. Ecuadorian currency is not issued by a specific monetary institution. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Ecuadorian currency economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions
decentralized encrypted digital currency has no issuing institution, and it does not belong to any indivial, institution, bank or country, so it cannot be shut down. Ecuadorian coin mining machine is mining 24 hours a day, and the extracted Ecuadorian coin can be traded through the trading platform to obtain profits. Ecuadorian coin mining refers to the scrypt algorithm, The process of collecting and sorting the transaction information that has not been recognized by Ecuadorian currency in the past period of time, broadcasting to all nodes in the whole network, and finally being recognized by all nodes and getting Ecuadorian currency. Mining is the only way to issue new currency, which plays an important role in issuing new currency, maintaining Ecuadorian payment function and ensuring system security
Like bitcoin, XRP is a digital currency based on Mathematics and cryptography. However, unlike bitcoin, XRP has no real purpose. XRP has the main function of bridging currency and ensuring security in ripple system, among which the function of ensuring security is indispensable, This requires that all gateways participating in this protocol must hold a small amount of XRPin theory, gateways don't need to buy many xrps, and their prices are very cheap. One XRP is only 0.4 cent (as of March 14, 2015, its price has risen to about 1 cent). Like bitcoin, the number of xrps can not be "over issued" (the total number is 100 billion), but since a small amount of xrps will be destroyed in each transaction, it means that the number of xrps will graally decrease. If ripple protocol can become the global mainstream payment protocol, the gateway's demand for XRP will be more extensive - the demand is strong but the quantity is decreasing, which will lead to the appreciation of XRP
< H2 > fifth place: bitstocksbitstocks adopt an architecture similar to bitcoin blockchain. In the bitcoin blockchain architecture, each transaction data must be written from the previous transaction data, and new outputs are generated almost at the same time to be used for future transaction data writing. Each stroke can only be used once under certain conditions. Each transaction output contains the balance information of bitcoin, proving that it can be used for future transactions. In order not to proce bitcoin out of nothing, the write value of the transaction must be greater than the output value
bitcoin uses a simple script language to evaluate the situation that the balance is insufficient when the transaction is output; However, most of the transaction output only needs the holder's encrypted signature
< H2 > sixth place: dogcoindogcoin, some people call it "dogcoin", was born on December 8, 2013, based on the scrypt algorithm, is the second largest virtual currency in the world after bitcoin in the number of users [1]. Digital currency is a global currency initiated by non-governmental organizations. It does not belong to a certain country, but belongs to the whole mankind. It has the advantages of fast global transfer. For example, it can remit money from China to the United States in a few seconds, with low cost, and the total amount will not be increased at will like legal money, so the total amount is relatively stable
after the launch of dogcoin system, e to the help of reddit (the doge content on this website overflows horribly), the traffic shows an explosive development. However, in two weeks, dogcoin has launched a special blog and forum, with a market value of 100 million as of June 9, 2015. Because there is no pre dig, dog coin distribution is fair, charity, reward culture is popular, and user development is amazing and rapid. On June 9, 2015, the number of Dog Coin client addresses was 1.6 million, more than five times that of Wright coin; The number of active client addresses is 196000 in bitcoin, 83000 in dogcoin and 11000 in lightcoin; There are more than 150000 foreign Twitter users, 1.7 times of bitcoin and 6 times of lightcoin. Facebook likes are the same as bitcoin, far more than lightcoin [2]. The daily real transaction volume has been ranked in the top three of virtual currency for a long time, which is still not as good as the result obtained before the big platform [3]. The biggest value of the enterprise Internet era is the huge number of users. It took one year for the user base of dogcoin to reach one third of the number of bitcoin users, and the seventh place is lightcoin, which is four times the number of bitcoin users. A special solution is one of the infinite (in fact, bitcoin is finite) solutions that can be obtained from the equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique[ 8] In the metaphor of RMB, black money is the serial number of RMB. If you know the serial number of a note, you have the note. The process of mining is to constantly seek the special solution of the equation system through huge amount of calculation. The equation system is designed to have only 22 million special solutions, so the upper limit of bitcoin is 22 million[ 8]
to mine the dark coin, you can download the special dark coin calculation tool, register various cooperative mine pool websites, fill the registered user name and password (miner user) into the calculation program, and then click the operation to officially start. After completing the installation of the darkcoin client, you can directly obtain a darkcoin address. When others pay, you only need to post the address to others, and you can pay through the same client. After installing the Black Coin client, it will distribute a private key and a public key. You need to back up your wallet data containing your private key to ensure that your property is not lost. Unfortunately, if the hard disk is completely formatted, the personal dark coin will be completely lost
CNY is the legal tender of the people's Republic of China and the standard currency symbol of RMB in the world monetary system, which is simplified from (Chinese yuan)
the unit of RMB is yuan, and the subsidiary units of RMB are Jiao and Fen. One yuan is ten Jiao, and one Jiao is ten Fen. The first letter of the alphabet of RMB is capital Y with two horizontal lines, that is ""
on January 20, 2016, the people's Bank of China disclosed at a meeting held here that it will strive to launch the digital currency issued by the central bank as soon as possible. The meeting held that under the current new normal of China's economy, it has positive practical significance and far-reaching historical significance to explore the digital currency issued by the central bank
extended information:
issuance history
RMB is issued by the people's Bank of China. Except for 1, 2 and 5 coins, the first set of RMB, the second set of RMB and the third set of RMB have been withdrawn from circulation, and the fourth set of RMB has been withdrawn from circulation since May 1, 2018
RMB circulating in the market is the fifth set of RMB; Banknotes in circulation are: 1 jiao, 5 jiao, 1 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, 20 yuan, 50 yuan and 100 yuan; There are 1 yuan, 5 cents, 1 jiao, 5 fen, 2 fen and 1 Fen in coins
among the five sets of RMB displayed in the China Coin Museum, different from the last four sets, the six characters of "people's Bank of China" and the denominations of Chinese characters on the first set (except the 1953 version of 5000 yuan Weihe bridge design voucher) are arranged from right to left
In 1952, when Chairman Mao reviewed the voting version, he proposed that the row names of RMB should be arranged from left to right, so since 1953, the row of "people's Bank of China" on RMB has been changed from left to rightthe others are liars.
the Chinese government denies the legality of all virtual currencies (including bitcoin). Commemorative currency only recognizes the legality of the central bank, and everything else is illegal
1. Different
CNY (Chinese yuan) is the currency symbol assigned to China by ISO, and the Chinese name is RMB. The abbreviation of RMB is the combination of the initial letters of its Chinese Pinyin, that is, RMB & #;, But its standard currency symbol is CNY
2, different use scope
CNY is the only standard symbol of RMB in international trade. Now it has replaced RMB; It is used for foreign exchange settlement and domestic settlement. However, when it is used for domestic settlement, it is RMB & # 165 without confusion; It still works
3. Different in nature
RMB is the abbreviation of RMB and CNY is the standard currency symbol of RMB. Generally speaking, RMB is the saying of China, while CNY is the saying of international currency
The abbreviation of RMB is CNY, e (Electronic) means electronic, so the Chinese digital RMB is e-cny
China's digital RMB is actually the electronic version of RMB, and the digital currency (not yet issued) launched by the people's Bank of China has national credit endorsement and legal compensation, so the currency value will be more stable. In the use scenario, the digital currency issued by the central bank does not pay interest, and can be used in small, retail and high-frequency business scenarios
extended data:
up to 2020, the most commonly used banknotes are banknotes. The denominations of RMB banknotes are 1 jiao, 5 jiao, 1 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, 20 yuan, 50 yuan and 100 yuan; The denominations of the coins are 1, 2, 5, 10, 50 and 1 yuan. Conversion relationship, 1 yuan equals 10 Jiao, 1 jiao equals 10 Fen
the fifth set of RMB used by users is mainly issued in 1999, 2005, 2015 and 2019. The first set, the second set and the third set of RMB have been withdrawn from circulation, and the fourth set of RMB will stop circulation from May 1, 2018 (except 10 cents and 50 cents notes and 50 cents and 1 yuan coins)
1 basic unit
there were many monetary units in ancient China, which were different from Dynasty to Dynasty, especially before Qin and Han Dynasties. Here we only discuss three basic units:
Yiwen coin (that is, a standard square hole copper coin)
one or two silver
one or two gold
although the above units are different in different dynasties, but at least there is little difference after the Tang and Song Dynasties, so we can get more stable and reliable data
exchange relationship
the exchange ratio of copper, silver and gold, just like the current foreign exchange price, often changes, unlike the one yuan equals 100 points. According to the following description:
"the price ratio of gold and silver rose from 1:8 around 1600 to 1:10 in the middle and late 20th century, and doubled to 1:20 by the end of the 18th century."
it can be seen that 1 liang of gold can be exchanged for 8-11 liang of silver. In the early years of Daoguang, one or two silver coins were exchanged for a crane, that is, one thousand Wen; By the time of the Opium War in the 20th year of Daoguang, one or two silver coins could be exchanged for 16700 RMB. Since Xianfeng, the price of silver has soared, and one or two silver coins can be exchanged for as much as two thousand two hundred and three hundred Wen. "
it can be seen that under normal circumstances, one liang of silver can be exchanged for 1000-1500 Wen of copper coins. In ancient times, one Guan coin or one Diao coin is 1000 Wen<
2 metal price
since the currency made of gold, silver and copper has value itself, and theoretically, the value of currency should be equal to the price of metal, we can answer the question of "how much is one or two silver" through the current price of metal
Kaiyuan Tongbao Tongqian of Tang Dynasty has a diameter of 8 points, 10 pieces weigh 1 liang, and Qianwen weighs 6 Jin and 4 liang; During the reign of emperor Shun of the Qing Dynasty, each copper coin weighed one and two cents and five percent, and then increased to one and four cents, which meant that each thousand Wen weighed eight Jin and twelve Liang. Although the ancient "two" weight units are different, they are about 40 grams, while the "Jin" is about 700 grams. The average weight of each coin is 5g< At present, the price of gold, silver and copper (RMB) is as follows:
Gold: 100 yuan / g
silver: 2 yuan / g
brass: 0.02 yuan / g
the calculation result is: 1 liang Gold: about 4000 yuan, 1 liang silver: about 80 yuan, 1 copper coin (1 coin): about 0.1 yuan
3 grain price
many Historical Monographs directly measure the price of goods through grain price Although it is not very accurate and objective to consider the grain price alone, it should be an extremely important reference. Xiaolin found the following record on the Internet: "the upper white rice (stone) is nine yuan and five Fen