Digital currency underwriters and makers
Publish: 2021-04-25 05:29:09
1. It has to be said that this instry is very close to money, so people often ask how you make money in the instry and how you can make money. Today, let's share some profit models I know<
first line: mining, mining machine, mine (ore pool)
all three are related to mining, but they are also different
Mining: we don't discuss the technical details here. From the perspective of profit, mining has the lowest threshold. Even if we need professional mining machinery now, we can still buy a mining machine to make money. If we become bigger, we can open a mine. Without talking about the risk, mining is the simplest way to make money. The investment cost is low, the rate of return is high, and the time cost is high
mining machinery: the business of manufacturing mining machinery is very hot, and there is a high threshold, so it is difficult for non professionals to become manufacturers. Ant mining machine in the bull market does not worry about selling. Especially after 1994, as far as I know, foreign domestic ore feeders were towed away by trucks. However, the threshold of manufacturers is already very high, and it is difficult for ordinary people to get in touch with them, so there are two dealers. Mining business contact is not much, the second-hand market seems to be very chaotic
mines (ore pools) of course, mines and ore pools are inseparable. Why? The mine pool exists in order to avoid the risk of the mine. The mine pool will pay the cost of the miners according to the time according to the calculation force. Of course, it also needs to draw a percentage, and the miners will be able to keep their income from drought and flood. But the only thing to do is to bring people to the mine. Offline mines are also managed by their own machines, and can also be managed by others. There is a certain threshold, risk and income coexist
second line: information platform, exchange, wallet, currency speculation
consulting platform: something that must exist in the Internet era, providing information and consulting aggregation. The first thing new people come into contact with is information media. In the 17 years since the outbreak of digital currency, bitcoin's Internet search index has exploded. Many people want to know about digital currency, so such an information platform is sure to survive. Drainage, content, value realization and value extension are generally the ways of making profits
exchange: the best understanding is that all flows and proction currencies are for trading. Only when a transaction has a price can it be valued. Many problems will also be found in the transaction, such as the famous "bitcoin expansion". Only by finding and solving problems can the instry develop better. We all know the mode of making money in the exchange. It's the makers who make money. It's just like casinos and securities dealers. They lose more money and earn less, but the exchange is stable. In addition to the handling charges, it seems that the money charge is also a profit model. The threshold of the exchange is also high. In addition to trading risk and platform risk, it pays more attention to policy dynamics. Big exchanges now have "currency exchange", "fire currency" and so on
wallets: both hot and cold wallets are procts, and coin circles are just needed for this kind of procts. Online wallet is generally free, and then through other ways to make money, such as usually do exchanges, or there are investment activities
currency speculation: simple speculation, uncontrollable risk, too many factors affecting the price. We can envy the good luck of others, but we should not hope that we have such good luck. Therefore, there are generally three modes of currency speculation, which can be more "smart" to avoid risks: 1. Fixed investment 2. Quantitative trading 3. Arbitrage: spot move brick, futures arbitrage. Now, it seems that there is a fourth kind of profit margin in the OTC channel.
first line: mining, mining machine, mine (ore pool)
all three are related to mining, but they are also different
Mining: we don't discuss the technical details here. From the perspective of profit, mining has the lowest threshold. Even if we need professional mining machinery now, we can still buy a mining machine to make money. If we become bigger, we can open a mine. Without talking about the risk, mining is the simplest way to make money. The investment cost is low, the rate of return is high, and the time cost is high
mining machinery: the business of manufacturing mining machinery is very hot, and there is a high threshold, so it is difficult for non professionals to become manufacturers. Ant mining machine in the bull market does not worry about selling. Especially after 1994, as far as I know, foreign domestic ore feeders were towed away by trucks. However, the threshold of manufacturers is already very high, and it is difficult for ordinary people to get in touch with them, so there are two dealers. Mining business contact is not much, the second-hand market seems to be very chaotic
mines (ore pools) of course, mines and ore pools are inseparable. Why? The mine pool exists in order to avoid the risk of the mine. The mine pool will pay the cost of the miners according to the time according to the calculation force. Of course, it also needs to draw a percentage, and the miners will be able to keep their income from drought and flood. But the only thing to do is to bring people to the mine. Offline mines are also managed by their own machines, and can also be managed by others. There is a certain threshold, risk and income coexist
second line: information platform, exchange, wallet, currency speculation
consulting platform: something that must exist in the Internet era, providing information and consulting aggregation. The first thing new people come into contact with is information media. In the 17 years since the outbreak of digital currency, bitcoin's Internet search index has exploded. Many people want to know about digital currency, so such an information platform is sure to survive. Drainage, content, value realization and value extension are generally the ways of making profits
exchange: the best understanding is that all flows and proction currencies are for trading. Only when a transaction has a price can it be valued. Many problems will also be found in the transaction, such as the famous "bitcoin expansion". Only by finding and solving problems can the instry develop better. We all know the mode of making money in the exchange. It's the makers who make money. It's just like casinos and securities dealers. They lose more money and earn less, but the exchange is stable. In addition to the handling charges, it seems that the money charge is also a profit model. The threshold of the exchange is also high. In addition to trading risk and platform risk, it pays more attention to policy dynamics. Big exchanges now have "currency exchange", "fire currency" and so on
wallets: both hot and cold wallets are procts, and coin circles are just needed for this kind of procts. Online wallet is generally free, and then through other ways to make money, such as usually do exchanges, or there are investment activities
currency speculation: simple speculation, uncontrollable risk, too many factors affecting the price. We can envy the good luck of others, but we should not hope that we have such good luck. Therefore, there are generally three modes of currency speculation, which can be more "smart" to avoid risks: 1. Fixed investment 2. Quantitative trading 3. Arbitrage: spot move brick, futures arbitrage. Now, it seems that there is a fourth kind of profit margin in the OTC channel.
2. Bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open source P2P software. Digital currency is a kind of network virtual currency. Bitcoin is also paraphrased as "bitcoin.". Short for: BTC
bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions to issue. It is generated through a large number of calculations of specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction
bitcoin is very similar to cash
the advantages of bitcoin are: no freezing, no tracking, no taxes, and extremely low transaction costs. Compared with people who speculate in currency, it is wealth, and people outside the currency circle may think it is a fraud
bitcoin, Ethereum, bitcash, EOS, REBO, etc. are the mainstream digital currencies, which can be properly invested. All transactions have risks. You can invest cautiously. You can search online for fire coin, coin security, OK, dobby trading platforms, etc. all of which can trade bitcoin. These are relatively large trading platforms, investing in mainstream digital currencies, and Don't invest in counterfeit money or air money.
bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions to issue. It is generated through a large number of calculations of specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction
bitcoin is very similar to cash
the advantages of bitcoin are: no freezing, no tracking, no taxes, and extremely low transaction costs. Compared with people who speculate in currency, it is wealth, and people outside the currency circle may think it is a fraud
bitcoin, Ethereum, bitcash, EOS, REBO, etc. are the mainstream digital currencies, which can be properly invested. All transactions have risks. You can invest cautiously. You can search online for fire coin, coin security, OK, dobby trading platforms, etc. all of which can trade bitcoin. These are relatively large trading platforms, investing in mainstream digital currencies, and Don't invest in counterfeit money or air money.
3. Generally speaking, leeks are cut in the stock market, which symbolizes that investors are cut one after another. This is also true in the digital money market
a banker is a large investor who can influence the financial securities market. It usually accounts for more than 50% of the circulation. Sometimes the amount controlled by the makers may not reach 50%. It depends on the varieties. Generally, 10% to 30% of the circulation can be controlled. A banker can influence or even control the stock price of a stock in the secondary market. Banker and retail investor is a relative concept. The same is true of digital money markets
generally, the digital currencies with makers are private blockchain projects, and Xiaosan has no money in hand. Bitcoin, wikilink, Ethereum and other mainstream currencies are relatively scattered, and it is difficult for the makers to control the market absolutely.
a banker is a large investor who can influence the financial securities market. It usually accounts for more than 50% of the circulation. Sometimes the amount controlled by the makers may not reach 50%. It depends on the varieties. Generally, 10% to 30% of the circulation can be controlled. A banker can influence or even control the stock price of a stock in the secondary market. Banker and retail investor is a relative concept. The same is true of digital money markets
generally, the digital currencies with makers are private blockchain projects, and Xiaosan has no money in hand. Bitcoin, wikilink, Ethereum and other mainstream currencies are relatively scattered, and it is difficult for the makers to control the market absolutely.
4. Digital currency is abbreviated as digiccy, which is the abbreviation of "digital currency" in English. It is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy
digital currency is a kind of unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
according to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to China's digital currency regulatory framework, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
warm tips: the above information is for reference only. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
response time: December 11, 2020. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
[Ping An Bank I know] want to know more? Come and see "Ping An Bank I know" ~
https://b.pingan.com.cn/paim/iknow/index.html
digital currency is a kind of unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
according to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to China's digital currency regulatory framework, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
warm tips: the above information is for reference only. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
response time: December 11, 2020. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
[Ping An Bank I know] want to know more? Come and see "Ping An Bank I know" ~
https://b.pingan.com.cn/paim/iknow/index.html
5. If you can go to these companies, it means that the currency is OK. If you go to more exchanges, the trading volume will increase, and you will have more ways to buy and sell. The trading volume of digital currency is very important, and the currency without trading volume is absolutely worthless
but it's a bear market at present. If you don't have a strong bid up method in the near future, you can follow the big market for several days at most, and it's not much better. If you have the original currency that you can get for nothing or it's very cheap, you can play with it, even if you want more money
generally, it's easy to sell when it's listed. Sell slowly and eat the money from the dealer. You can also wait a little to see the market. If you feel that it's OK, leave a little quantity. If you feel that it's not OK, clear the goods.
but it's a bear market at present. If you don't have a strong bid up method in the near future, you can follow the big market for several days at most, and it's not much better. If you have the original currency that you can get for nothing or it's very cheap, you can play with it, even if you want more money
generally, it's easy to sell when it's listed. Sell slowly and eat the money from the dealer. You can also wait a little to see the market. If you feel that it's OK, leave a little quantity. If you feel that it's not OK, clear the goods.
6. We should focus on three aspects: popularity, innovation, operation mode and team
popularity: there is no doubt that bitcoin and lightcoin have the highest popularity in the cryptocurrency circle. Even though they have many shortcomings, they still have the largest number of players and the highest amount of money. They have large plates and are not easy to be controlled by the makers. Of course, the relevant infrastructure is relatively perfect
Innovation: dog coin is popular because it caters to the western small reward culture. The reason why Fuyuan coin can become the leader of the new generation of cryptocurrency is that it mainly focuses on the currency business circle, which is an applied cryptocurrency
operation mode: for example, the operation mode of Vicat coin has been exposed as pyramid selling. Although Yuanbao coin has been criticized before, the operation team will not give up, and Yuanbao coin is still the leader of domestic currency.
popularity: there is no doubt that bitcoin and lightcoin have the highest popularity in the cryptocurrency circle. Even though they have many shortcomings, they still have the largest number of players and the highest amount of money. They have large plates and are not easy to be controlled by the makers. Of course, the relevant infrastructure is relatively perfect
Innovation: dog coin is popular because it caters to the western small reward culture. The reason why Fuyuan coin can become the leader of the new generation of cryptocurrency is that it mainly focuses on the currency business circle, which is an applied cryptocurrency
operation mode: for example, the operation mode of Vicat coin has been exposed as pyramid selling. Although Yuanbao coin has been criticized before, the operation team will not give up, and Yuanbao coin is still the leader of domestic currency.
7. Digital currency is a game of drumming, spreading flowers and fighting for stupidity. Besides, no matter what kind of trading and supervision, retail investors and small white customers will always be leeks. Hope to adopt.
8. The overall framework of e-government issued by the state information leading office is of great significance to the promotion of the national overall e-government project. The introction of the document points out the direction for the further implementation of the e-government project. The document especially emphasizes the important role of the exchange and sharing of government information resources, It is clear that the construction of information resource exchange and sharing mechanism is an important support system for the overall e-government project
from the construction experience of a large number of information exchange and sharing projects, it is very important to determine the objectives of the information exchange and sharing project. All parties of the project construction should first reach a consensus on the following key issues of success:
· the problem of sharing and exchanging information service objects
· the service mode that different service objects should adopt
· storage and unified management of shared information
· scientific analysis of the sources of information
· related information technology standards and management standards
· principles for the design and construction of information exchange and sharing platform
these problems are the core problems to solve the information exchange and sharing, and are the practical problems existing in the project implementation. No matter how different the technical methods to solve the information exchange and sharing are, the real solution of these problems is the foundation and guarantee of the project construction< The significance of e-government project construction lies in that it can play a supporting role in various functions of the government, and use it technology to help the government improve work efficiency and promote the transformation of government functions. Therefore, to invest in the construction of a large-scale e-government project, first of all, it is necessary to determine its service objectives and the system construction's & quot; Theme Application & quot< br />
" The Eleventh Five Year Plan & quot; During this period, the party and the state made it clear that the establishment of & quot; Harmonious Society & quot; According to the characteristics of their own work functions, governments at all levels and functional organizations at all levels have determined the & quot; The Eleventh Five Year Plan & quot; Planning, on the premise of the overall goal, determines the goal system of each work. E-government project construction & quot; Theme application;, It is to determine the service goal of e-government project, and combine the construction goal of e-government project with the establishment of & quot; Harmonious Society & quot; It is an important part of the overall development goal of the government to link up the overall planning goal of e-government closely and clarify the overall development goal of e-government. The construction of information exchange and sharing mechanism must also face a challenge; Theme application;, A project that is divorced from the theme of service is a project without vitality
China's overall construction of a new socialist countryside, Beijing's floating population management, etc., are the key problems directly faced by different levels of government agencies. The theme application of e-government project should only focus on the most urgent problems to be solved by the government and the theme of the government's strategic objectives to carry out the construction of data exchange and sharing mechanism< The construction of information exchange and sharing mechanism is the long-term task of the overall construction of e-government, which keeps pace with the development of national economy and the process of the overall government function reform. The specific information exchange and sharing project construction must conform to the principle of practical priority and adapt to the future development. First of all, it is necessary to determine the construction objectives of specific projects, which must be established in the government agencies; Improve administrative efficiency and public service quality & quot; On the basis of the business objectives of the government, it engineering projects need to focus on the contribution to the current government function transformation project; In addition, we must fully respect the basis of practical work and the current administrative functions of the government, drive the engineering construction of the information exchange and sharing mechanism, transform the government information department into a specific actual business department, and clarify the viewpoint that the information department serves the actual business department of the government, The actual business work of the government should be closely linked with the construction of information resource sharing; According to the actual situation of different government agencies and local governments, the boundary scope of project construction is defined, the principle of project construction is determined, and the construction of long-term information sharing mechanism is well combined with the goal of single project construction; Technological innovation is prior to collaborative innovation of government business. The construction of data exchange and sharing platform needs to consider the needs of future business expansion and intensive engineering construction
3. Multi dimensional understanding of requirements
the guiding ideology of business information requirements analysis is three-dimensional system model. This is because only from the perspective of information resources, without in-depth study of the actual operation of government departments, it is difficult to do a good job in the information interaction and sharing project. We believe that government work is driven by the joint action and coordination of business management, execution driven and organizational management. Three dimensional system model is as follows:
figure: three dimensional system model
three dimensional system model composition: first, business management level, including key business system, support business system and auxiliary support system; Second, business driven mode, including target decision-making, task assignment, task decomposition, work organization, implementation and execution supervision; Three organizational forms, including the core decision-making level, work organization and implementation level and implementation level. Business information runs through the whole process of target management. Information system construction must meet the actual needs of different dimensions in order to truly reflect the strong supporting role of information resources for business
4. Information planning
the core of information planning is to establish a data supply chain for theme oriented applications, which needs to solve the problems of sharing and exchanging information, how to obtain from there, how to manage effectively, how to provide services to business systems, and form a clear chain of data proction, data processing and management, and data services. Information planning is built on the basis of data analysis, is a deeper analysis of exchange and sharing of information, is the top-level design of technology to achieve exchange and sharing of information
based on the guidance of information engineering methodology (IEM), using engineering method to plan information for information exchange and sharing is to follow certain method steps, follow certain standards and specifications, use effective tools to analyze information demand and data flow of various functional areas, and formulate basic standards for information resource management, Establish the information system framework of sharing domain and each functional domain
generally speaking, the content of information includes system analysis oriented to functional domain, data flow model, and topic library conceptual model oriented to shared domain. The specific content of information planning varies with the elements of a specific project. Information resource planning of information exchange and sharing construction emphasizes the close combination of information sharing requirement analysis and system modeling -- requirement analysis is the preparation of system modeling, and system modeling is the qualitative and standardized expression of information exchange and sharing construction. In the information planning of information exchange and sharing construction, we first determine the strategic construction objectives of specific projects, determine the work objectives of collaborative government agencies around the strategic objectives, and determine the work objectives according to the tasks of different organizations; Functional areas & quot;; Then, the business flow and data flow of each functional domain are investigated and analyzed, and the data flow model and data model for information exchange and sharing are established as the data basis for the construction of the whole information exchange and sharing platform
5. Shared data storage management
diagram data center database type division
Metadatabase
stores data describing data and its environment in Metadatabase
business rule base
abstracts business as a series of rules and stores them in rule database
business information base
stores important information obtained from front-end nodes in business information base
platform log library
a series of information generated in the process of platform data exchange is put in the platform log library< 1. Population basic database
build a population basic information database and query service system with resident identity code as the unique identification, realize computer management and online query of population information, and provide population information services for e-government business systems
2. Basic database of legal entities
build basic information database and query service system of legal entities with organization code as the unique identification, realize the information sharing of legal entities among e-government business systems, and provide services to the society< According to the needs of national macro-control decision-making, social micro management, people's life and opening to the outside world, we should establish a scientific, authentic and comparable macroeconomic database. The index system of macroeconomic database not only has clear boundary, but also covers the macro situation of national economy, social development, science and technology ecation, environmental resources and so on. Macroeconomic database will become a comprehensive information channel of macroeconomic basic situation and development trend< 4. Basic database of natural resources and spatial geography
the basic information database of natural resources such as hydrology, mineral resources, land, forest, cultivated land and ocean has been basically built, forming a mechanism of exchange and sharing of basic resource information database. The basic information database of spatial geography should be constructed at different levels to form the mechanism of spatial geographic information exchange and sharing. It provides realistic simulation maps and decision support services for macro decision-making of governments and departments at all levels, overall urban planning, land use planning, land management, water conservancy planning, mineral resources planning, mining right management, geological environment management, road construction, environmental protection, etc<
subject information database
subject database is established according to the requirements of information resource planning and basic database
there are frequently used business data, which can be stored in the data center, but a large number of them are stored in the form of directory, and the data is always stored in each bureau, which not only ensures the consistency of the dynamic update of the data, but also ensures the security of the data. The data of subject oriented operational database comes from XML documents and information in the process of data exchange. Therefore, operational database must have good support for XML standards to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of information storage, exchange and retrieval
decision information base
on the basis of sufficient data sources, it can acquire, express, manage and apply distributed and heterogeneous knowledge sources. The whole system should support a variety of knowledge expression methods and reasoning methods, support the coexistence of structured data and unstructured data, and establish DSS; Data & quot; As a numerical value, it is transferred to DSS supporting the establishment of basic documents. It is necessary to integrate DW, DM, OLAP and other KDD knowledge acquisition methods to integrate all kinds of distributed and heterogeneous knowledge sources to provide various types of effective data analysis for decision makers and play the role of decision support<
other databases
data and document library: data and documents mainly include the instructions of national policies, relevant data and articles, etc., which are the basis for staff at all levels to handle various businesses, as well as the basis for learning national and municipal policies and laws
from the construction experience of a large number of information exchange and sharing projects, it is very important to determine the objectives of the information exchange and sharing project. All parties of the project construction should first reach a consensus on the following key issues of success:
· the problem of sharing and exchanging information service objects
· the service mode that different service objects should adopt
· storage and unified management of shared information
· scientific analysis of the sources of information
· related information technology standards and management standards
· principles for the design and construction of information exchange and sharing platform
these problems are the core problems to solve the information exchange and sharing, and are the practical problems existing in the project implementation. No matter how different the technical methods to solve the information exchange and sharing are, the real solution of these problems is the foundation and guarantee of the project construction< The significance of e-government project construction lies in that it can play a supporting role in various functions of the government, and use it technology to help the government improve work efficiency and promote the transformation of government functions. Therefore, to invest in the construction of a large-scale e-government project, first of all, it is necessary to determine its service objectives and the system construction's & quot; Theme Application & quot< br />
" The Eleventh Five Year Plan & quot; During this period, the party and the state made it clear that the establishment of & quot; Harmonious Society & quot; According to the characteristics of their own work functions, governments at all levels and functional organizations at all levels have determined the & quot; The Eleventh Five Year Plan & quot; Planning, on the premise of the overall goal, determines the goal system of each work. E-government project construction & quot; Theme application;, It is to determine the service goal of e-government project, and combine the construction goal of e-government project with the establishment of & quot; Harmonious Society & quot; It is an important part of the overall development goal of the government to link up the overall planning goal of e-government closely and clarify the overall development goal of e-government. The construction of information exchange and sharing mechanism must also face a challenge; Theme application;, A project that is divorced from the theme of service is a project without vitality
China's overall construction of a new socialist countryside, Beijing's floating population management, etc., are the key problems directly faced by different levels of government agencies. The theme application of e-government project should only focus on the most urgent problems to be solved by the government and the theme of the government's strategic objectives to carry out the construction of data exchange and sharing mechanism< The construction of information exchange and sharing mechanism is the long-term task of the overall construction of e-government, which keeps pace with the development of national economy and the process of the overall government function reform. The specific information exchange and sharing project construction must conform to the principle of practical priority and adapt to the future development. First of all, it is necessary to determine the construction objectives of specific projects, which must be established in the government agencies; Improve administrative efficiency and public service quality & quot; On the basis of the business objectives of the government, it engineering projects need to focus on the contribution to the current government function transformation project; In addition, we must fully respect the basis of practical work and the current administrative functions of the government, drive the engineering construction of the information exchange and sharing mechanism, transform the government information department into a specific actual business department, and clarify the viewpoint that the information department serves the actual business department of the government, The actual business work of the government should be closely linked with the construction of information resource sharing; According to the actual situation of different government agencies and local governments, the boundary scope of project construction is defined, the principle of project construction is determined, and the construction of long-term information sharing mechanism is well combined with the goal of single project construction; Technological innovation is prior to collaborative innovation of government business. The construction of data exchange and sharing platform needs to consider the needs of future business expansion and intensive engineering construction
3. Multi dimensional understanding of requirements
the guiding ideology of business information requirements analysis is three-dimensional system model. This is because only from the perspective of information resources, without in-depth study of the actual operation of government departments, it is difficult to do a good job in the information interaction and sharing project. We believe that government work is driven by the joint action and coordination of business management, execution driven and organizational management. Three dimensional system model is as follows:
figure: three dimensional system model
three dimensional system model composition: first, business management level, including key business system, support business system and auxiliary support system; Second, business driven mode, including target decision-making, task assignment, task decomposition, work organization, implementation and execution supervision; Three organizational forms, including the core decision-making level, work organization and implementation level and implementation level. Business information runs through the whole process of target management. Information system construction must meet the actual needs of different dimensions in order to truly reflect the strong supporting role of information resources for business
4. Information planning
the core of information planning is to establish a data supply chain for theme oriented applications, which needs to solve the problems of sharing and exchanging information, how to obtain from there, how to manage effectively, how to provide services to business systems, and form a clear chain of data proction, data processing and management, and data services. Information planning is built on the basis of data analysis, is a deeper analysis of exchange and sharing of information, is the top-level design of technology to achieve exchange and sharing of information
based on the guidance of information engineering methodology (IEM), using engineering method to plan information for information exchange and sharing is to follow certain method steps, follow certain standards and specifications, use effective tools to analyze information demand and data flow of various functional areas, and formulate basic standards for information resource management, Establish the information system framework of sharing domain and each functional domain
generally speaking, the content of information includes system analysis oriented to functional domain, data flow model, and topic library conceptual model oriented to shared domain. The specific content of information planning varies with the elements of a specific project. Information resource planning of information exchange and sharing construction emphasizes the close combination of information sharing requirement analysis and system modeling -- requirement analysis is the preparation of system modeling, and system modeling is the qualitative and standardized expression of information exchange and sharing construction. In the information planning of information exchange and sharing construction, we first determine the strategic construction objectives of specific projects, determine the work objectives of collaborative government agencies around the strategic objectives, and determine the work objectives according to the tasks of different organizations; Functional areas & quot;; Then, the business flow and data flow of each functional domain are investigated and analyzed, and the data flow model and data model for information exchange and sharing are established as the data basis for the construction of the whole information exchange and sharing platform
5. Shared data storage management
diagram data center database type division
Metadatabase
stores data describing data and its environment in Metadatabase
business rule base
abstracts business as a series of rules and stores them in rule database
business information base
stores important information obtained from front-end nodes in business information base
platform log library
a series of information generated in the process of platform data exchange is put in the platform log library< 1. Population basic database
build a population basic information database and query service system with resident identity code as the unique identification, realize computer management and online query of population information, and provide population information services for e-government business systems
2. Basic database of legal entities
build basic information database and query service system of legal entities with organization code as the unique identification, realize the information sharing of legal entities among e-government business systems, and provide services to the society< According to the needs of national macro-control decision-making, social micro management, people's life and opening to the outside world, we should establish a scientific, authentic and comparable macroeconomic database. The index system of macroeconomic database not only has clear boundary, but also covers the macro situation of national economy, social development, science and technology ecation, environmental resources and so on. Macroeconomic database will become a comprehensive information channel of macroeconomic basic situation and development trend< 4. Basic database of natural resources and spatial geography
the basic information database of natural resources such as hydrology, mineral resources, land, forest, cultivated land and ocean has been basically built, forming a mechanism of exchange and sharing of basic resource information database. The basic information database of spatial geography should be constructed at different levels to form the mechanism of spatial geographic information exchange and sharing. It provides realistic simulation maps and decision support services for macro decision-making of governments and departments at all levels, overall urban planning, land use planning, land management, water conservancy planning, mineral resources planning, mining right management, geological environment management, road construction, environmental protection, etc<
subject information database
subject database is established according to the requirements of information resource planning and basic database
there are frequently used business data, which can be stored in the data center, but a large number of them are stored in the form of directory, and the data is always stored in each bureau, which not only ensures the consistency of the dynamic update of the data, but also ensures the security of the data. The data of subject oriented operational database comes from XML documents and information in the process of data exchange. Therefore, operational database must have good support for XML standards to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of information storage, exchange and retrieval
decision information base
on the basis of sufficient data sources, it can acquire, express, manage and apply distributed and heterogeneous knowledge sources. The whole system should support a variety of knowledge expression methods and reasoning methods, support the coexistence of structured data and unstructured data, and establish DSS; Data & quot; As a numerical value, it is transferred to DSS supporting the establishment of basic documents. It is necessary to integrate DW, DM, OLAP and other KDD knowledge acquisition methods to integrate all kinds of distributed and heterogeneous knowledge sources to provide various types of effective data analysis for decision makers and play the role of decision support<
other databases
data and document library: data and documents mainly include the instructions of national policies, relevant data and articles, etc., which are the basis for staff at all levels to handle various businesses, as well as the basis for learning national and municipal policies and laws
9. No one can predict the future of the stock, otherwise it will become a risk-free profit. For any investment, there is no risk-free profit. You can invest according to your own judgment. Any advice from others is worthless. No one will be responsible for your investment.
10. Behind each currency, there are numerous makers, big and small, currency exchange and digital currency trading platform.
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